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+"""Generic (shallow and deep) copying operations.
+
+Interface summary:
+
+ import copy
+
+ x = copy.copy(y) # make a shallow copy of y
+ x = copy.deepcopy(y) # make a deep copy of y
+
+For module specific errors, copy.error is raised.
+
+The difference between shallow and deep copying is only relevant for
+compound objects (objects that contain other objects, like lists or
+class instances).
+
+- A shallow copy constructs a new compound object and then (to the
+ extent possible) inserts *the same objects* into in that the
+ original contains.
+
+- A deep copy constructs a new compound object and then, recursively,
+ inserts *copies* into it of the objects found in the original.
+
+Two problems often exist with deep copy operations that don't exist
+with shallow copy operations:
+
+ a) recursive objects (compound objects that, directly or indirectly,
+ contain a reference to themselves) may cause a recursive loop
+
+ b) because deep copy copies *everything* it may copy too much, e.g.
+ administrative data structures that should be shared even between
+ copies
+
+Python's deep copy operation avoids these problems by:
+
+ a) keeping a table of objects already copied during the current
+ copying pass
+
+ b) letting user-defined classes override the copying operation or the
+ set of components copied
+
+This version does not copy types like module, class, function, method,
+nor stack trace, stack frame, nor file, socket, window, nor array, nor
+any similar types.
+
+Classes can use the same interfaces to control copying that they use
+to control pickling: they can define methods called __getinitargs__(),
+__getstate__() and __setstate__(). See the documentation for module
+"pickle" for information on these methods.
+"""
+
+# XXX need to support copy_reg here too...
+
+import types
+
+class Error(Exception):
+ pass
+error = Error # backward compatibility
+
+try:
+ from org.python.core import PyStringMap
+except ImportError:
+ PyStringMap = None
+
+__all__ = ["Error","error","copy","deepcopy"]
+
+def copy(x):
+ """Shallow copy operation on arbitrary Python objects.
+
+ See the module's __doc__ string for more info.
+ """
+
+ try:
+ copierfunction = _copy_dispatch[type(x)]
+ except KeyError:
+ try:
+ copier = x.__copy__
+ except AttributeError:
+ raise error, \
+ "un(shallow)copyable object of type %s" % type(x)
+ y = copier()
+ else:
+ y = copierfunction(x)
+ return y
+
+_copy_dispatch = d = {}
+
+def _copy_atomic(x):
+ return x
+d[types.NoneType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.IntType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.LongType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.FloatType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.StringType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.UnicodeType] = _copy_atomic
+try:
+ d[types.CodeType] = _copy_atomic
+except AttributeError:
+ pass
+d[types.TypeType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.XRangeType] = _copy_atomic
+d[types.ClassType] = _copy_atomic
+
+def _copy_list(x):
+ return x[:]
+d[types.ListType] = _copy_list
+
+def _copy_tuple(x):
+ return x[:]
+d[types.TupleType] = _copy_tuple
+
+def _copy_dict(x):
+ return x.copy()
+d[types.DictionaryType] = _copy_dict
+if PyStringMap is not None:
+ d[PyStringMap] = _copy_dict
+
+def _copy_inst(x):
+ if hasattr(x, '__copy__'):
+ return x.__copy__()
+ if hasattr(x, '__getinitargs__'):
+ args = x.__getinitargs__()
+ y = apply(x.__class__, args)
+ else:
+ if hasattr(x.__class__, '__del__'):
+ y = _EmptyClassDel()
+ else:
+ y = _EmptyClass()
+ y.__class__ = x.__class__
+ if hasattr(x, '__getstate__'):
+ state = x.__getstate__()
+ else:
+ state = x.__dict__
+ if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
+ y.__setstate__(state)
+ else:
+ y.__dict__.update(state)
+ return y
+d[types.InstanceType] = _copy_inst
+
+del d
+
+def deepcopy(x, memo = None):
+ """Deep copy operation on arbitrary Python objects.
+
+ See the module's __doc__ string for more info.
+ """
+
+ if memo is None:
+ memo = {}
+ d = id(x)
+ if memo.has_key(d):
+ return memo[d]
+ try:
+ copierfunction = _deepcopy_dispatch[type(x)]
+ except KeyError:
+ try:
+ copier = x.__deepcopy__
+ except AttributeError:
+ raise error, \
+ "un-deep-copyable object of type %s" % type(x)
+ y = copier(memo)
+ else:
+ y = copierfunction(x, memo)
+ memo[d] = y
+ return y
+
+_deepcopy_dispatch = d = {}
+
+def _deepcopy_atomic(x, memo):
+ return x
+d[types.NoneType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.IntType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.LongType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.FloatType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.StringType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.UnicodeType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.CodeType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.TypeType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+d[types.XRangeType] = _deepcopy_atomic
+
+def _deepcopy_list(x, memo):
+ y = []
+ memo[id(x)] = y
+ for a in x:
+ y.append(deepcopy(a, memo))
+ return y
+d[types.ListType] = _deepcopy_list
+
+def _deepcopy_tuple(x, memo):
+ y = []
+ for a in x:
+ y.append(deepcopy(a, memo))
+ d = id(x)
+ try:
+ return memo[d]
+ except KeyError:
+ pass
+ for i in range(len(x)):
+ if x[i] is not y[i]:
+ y = tuple(y)
+ break
+ else:
+ y = x
+ memo[d] = y
+ return y
+d[types.TupleType] = _deepcopy_tuple
+
+def _deepcopy_dict(x, memo):
+ y = {}
+ memo[id(x)] = y
+ for key in x.keys():
+ y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(x[key], memo)
+ return y
+d[types.DictionaryType] = _deepcopy_dict
+if PyStringMap is not None:
+ d[PyStringMap] = _deepcopy_dict
+
+def _keep_alive(x, memo):
+ """Keeps a reference to the object x in the memo.
+
+ Because we remember objects by their id, we have
+ to assure that possibly temporary objects are kept
+ alive by referencing them.
+ We store a reference at the id of the memo, which should
+ normally not be used unless someone tries to deepcopy
+ the memo itself...
+ """
+ try:
+ memo[id(memo)].append(x)
+ except KeyError:
+ # aha, this is the first one :-)
+ memo[id(memo)]=[x]
+
+def _deepcopy_inst(x, memo):
+ if hasattr(x, '__deepcopy__'):
+ return x.__deepcopy__(memo)
+ if hasattr(x, '__getinitargs__'):
+ args = x.__getinitargs__()
+ _keep_alive(args, memo)
+ args = deepcopy(args, memo)
+ y = apply(x.__class__, args)
+ else:
+ if hasattr(x.__class__, '__del__'):
+ y = _EmptyClassDel()
+ else:
+ y = _EmptyClass()
+ y.__class__ = x.__class__
+ memo[id(x)] = y
+ if hasattr(x, '__getstate__'):
+ state = x.__getstate__()
+ _keep_alive(state, memo)
+ else:
+ state = x.__dict__
+ state = deepcopy(state, memo)
+ if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
+ y.__setstate__(state)
+ else:
+ y.__dict__.update(state)
+ return y
+d[types.InstanceType] = _deepcopy_inst
+
+del d
+
+del types
+
+# Helper for instance creation without calling __init__
+class _EmptyClass:
+ pass
+
+# Helper for instance creation without calling __init__. Used when
+# the source class contains a __del__ attribute.
+class _EmptyClassDel:
+ def __del__(self):
+ pass
+
+def _test():
+ l = [None, 1, 2L, 3.14, 'xyzzy', (1, 2L), [3.14, 'abc'],
+ {'abc': 'ABC'}, (), [], {}]
+ l1 = copy(l)
+ print l1==l
+ l1 = map(copy, l)
+ print l1==l
+ l1 = deepcopy(l)
+ print l1==l
+ class C:
+ def __init__(self, arg=None):
+ self.a = 1
+ self.arg = arg
+ if __name__ == '__main__':
+ import sys
+ file = sys.argv[0]
+ else:
+ file = __file__
+ self.fp = open(file)
+ self.fp.close()
+ def __getstate__(self):
+ return {'a': self.a, 'arg': self.arg}
+ def __setstate__(self, state):
+ for key in state.keys():
+ setattr(self, key, state[key])
+ def __deepcopy__(self, memo = None):
+ new = self.__class__(deepcopy(self.arg, memo))
+ new.a = self.a
+ return new
+ c = C('argument sketch')
+ l.append(c)
+ l2 = copy(l)
+ print l == l2
+ print l
+ print l2
+ l2 = deepcopy(l)
+ print l == l2
+ print l
+ print l2
+ l.append({l[1]: l, 'xyz': l[2]})
+ l3 = copy(l)
+ import repr
+ print map(repr.repr, l)
+ print map(repr.repr, l1)
+ print map(repr.repr, l2)
+ print map(repr.repr, l3)
+ l3 = deepcopy(l)
+ import repr
+ print map(repr.repr, l)
+ print map(repr.repr, l1)
+ print map(repr.repr, l2)
+ print map(repr.repr, l3)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ _test()