Refactor user services and separate authentication (issue-281)

Change-Id: I336e005e02623fc5e11a4f8b4408bea5465a43fd

43 files changed, 2011 insertions, 2751 deletions

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/ConfigUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/ConfigUserService.java
index 39374e88..aae7c14c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/ConfigUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/ConfigUserService.java
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 

 	private static final String LOCALE = "locale";

 

+	private static final String ACCOUNTTYPE = "accountType";

+

 	private final File realmFile;

 

 	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConfigUserService.class);

@@ -125,60 +127,6 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	}

 

 	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to credentials?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-		return true;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to user display name?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-		return true;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to user email address?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-		return true;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to team memberships?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-		return true;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support cookie authentication?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsCookies() {

-		return true;

-	}

-

-	/**

 	 * Returns the cookie value for the specified user.

 	 *

 	 * @param model

@@ -197,13 +145,13 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	}

 

 	/**

-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.

+	 * Gets the user object for the specified cookie.

 	 *

 	 * @param cookie

 	 * @return a user object or null

 	 */

 	@Override

-	public synchronized UserModel authenticate(char[] cookie) {

+	public synchronized UserModel getUserModel(char[] cookie) {

 		String hash = new String(cookie);

 		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(hash)) {

 			return null;

@@ -223,49 +171,6 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	}

 

 	/**

-	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.

-	 *

-	 * @param username

-	 * @param password

-	 * @return a user object or null

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		UserModel returnedUser = null;

-		UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-		if (user == null) {

-			return null;

-		}

-		if (user.password.startsWith(StringUtils.MD5_TYPE)) {

-			// password digest

-			String md5 = StringUtils.MD5_TYPE + StringUtils.getMD5(new String(password));

-			if (user.password.equalsIgnoreCase(md5)) {

-				returnedUser = user;

-			}

-		} else if (user.password.startsWith(StringUtils.COMBINED_MD5_TYPE)) {

-			// username+password digest

-			String md5 = StringUtils.COMBINED_MD5_TYPE

-					+ StringUtils.getMD5(username.toLowerCase() + new String(password));

-			if (user.password.equalsIgnoreCase(md5)) {

-				returnedUser = user;

-			}

-		} else if (user.password.equals(new String(password))) {

-			// plain-text password

-			returnedUser = user;

-		}

-		return returnedUser;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Logout a user.

-	 *

-	 * @param user

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public void logout(UserModel user) {

-	}

-

-	/**

 	 * Retrieve the user object for the specified username.

 	 *

 	 * @param username

@@ -357,6 +262,10 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	public synchronized boolean updateUserModel(String username, UserModel model) {

 		UserModel originalUser = null;

 		try {

+			if (!model.isLocalAccount()) {

+				// do not persist password

+				model.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;

+			}

 			read();

 			originalUser = users.remove(username.toLowerCase());

 			users.put(model.username.toLowerCase(), model);

@@ -505,45 +414,6 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	}

 

 	/**

-	 * Sets the list of all teams who are allowed to bypass the access

-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.

-	 *

-	 * @param role

-	 *            the repository name

-	 * @param teamnames

-	 * @return true if successful

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public synchronized boolean setTeamnamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> teamnames) {

-		try {

-			Set<String> specifiedTeams = new HashSet<String>();

-			for (String teamname : teamnames) {

-				specifiedTeams.add(teamname.toLowerCase());

-			}

-

-			read();

-

-			// identify teams which require add or remove role

-			for (TeamModel team : teams.values()) {

-				// team has role, check against revised team list

-				if (specifiedTeams.contains(team.name.toLowerCase())) {

-					team.addRepositoryPermission(role);

-				} else {

-					// remove role from team

-					team.removeRepositoryPermission(role);

-				}

-			}

-

-			// persist changes

-			write();

-			return true;

-		} catch (Throwable t) {

-			logger.error(MessageFormat.format("Failed to set teams for role {0}!", role), t);

-		}

-		return false;

-	}

-

-	/**

 	 * Retrieve the team object for the specified team name.

 	 *

 	 * @param teamname

@@ -716,46 +586,6 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	}

 

 	/**

-	 * Sets the list of all uses who are allowed to bypass the access

-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.

-	 *

-	 * @param role

-	 *            the repository name

-	 * @param usernames

-	 * @return true if successful

-	 */

-	@Override

-	@Deprecated

-	public synchronized boolean setUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> usernames) {

-		try {

-			Set<String> specifiedUsers = new HashSet<String>();

-			for (String username : usernames) {

-				specifiedUsers.add(username.toLowerCase());

-			}

-

-			read();

-

-			// identify users which require add or remove role

-			for (UserModel user : users.values()) {

-				// user has role, check against revised user list

-				if (specifiedUsers.contains(user.username.toLowerCase())) {

-					user.addRepositoryPermission(role);

-				} else {

-					// remove role from user

-					user.removeRepositoryPermission(role);

-				}

-			}

-

-			// persist changes

-			write();

-			return true;

-		} catch (Throwable t) {

-			logger.error(MessageFormat.format("Failed to set usernames for role {0}!", role), t);

-		}

-		return false;

-	}

-

-	/**

 	 * Renames a repository role.

 	 *

 	 * @param oldRole

@@ -846,6 +676,9 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(model.emailAddress)) {

 				config.setString(USER, model.username, EMAILADDRESS, model.emailAddress);

 			}

+			if (model.accountType != null) {

+				config.setString(USER, model.username, ACCOUNTTYPE, model.accountType.name());

+			}

 			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(model.organizationalUnit)) {

 				config.setString(USER, model.username, ORGANIZATIONALUNIT, model.organizationalUnit);

 			}

@@ -928,6 +761,9 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 				roles.add(Constants.NO_ROLE);

 			}

 			config.setStringList(TEAM, model.name, ROLE, roles);

+			if (model.accountType != null) {

+				config.setString(TEAM, model.name, ACCOUNTTYPE, model.accountType.name());

+			}

 

 			if (!model.canAdmin) {

 				// write team permission for non-admin teams

@@ -1021,6 +857,10 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 					user.password = config.getString(USER, username, PASSWORD);

 					user.displayName = config.getString(USER, username, DISPLAYNAME);

 					user.emailAddress = config.getString(USER, username, EMAILADDRESS);

+					user.accountType = AccountType.fromString(config.getString(USER, username, ACCOUNTTYPE));

+					if (Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT.equals(user.password) && user.accountType.isLocal()) {

+						user.accountType = null;

+					}

 					user.organizationalUnit = config.getString(USER, username, ORGANIZATIONALUNIT);

 					user.organization = config.getString(USER, username, ORGANIZATION);

 					user.locality = config.getString(USER, username, LOCALITY);

@@ -1074,6 +914,7 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 					team.canAdmin = roles.contains(Constants.ADMIN_ROLE);

 					team.canFork = roles.contains(Constants.FORK_ROLE);

 					team.canCreate = roles.contains(Constants.CREATE_ROLE);

+					team.accountType = AccountType.fromString(config.getString(TEAM, teamname, ACCOUNTTYPE));

 

 					if (!team.canAdmin) {

 						// non-admin team, read permissions

@@ -1112,9 +953,4 @@ public class ConfigUserService implements IUserService {
 	public String toString() {

 		return getClass().getSimpleName() + "(" + realmFile.getAbsolutePath() + ")";

 	}

-

-	@Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		return AccountType.LOCAL;

-	}

 }

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/Constants.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/Constants.java
index 43c60a39..439a944d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/Constants.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/Constants.java
@@ -499,7 +499,16 @@ public class Constants {
 	}

 

 	public static enum AccountType {

-		LOCAL, EXTERNAL, LDAP, REDMINE, SALESFORCE, WINDOWS, PAM, HTPASSWD;

+		LOCAL, EXTERNAL, CONTAINER, LDAP, REDMINE, SALESFORCE, WINDOWS, PAM, HTPASSWD;

+

+		public static AccountType fromString(String value) {

+			for (AccountType type : AccountType.values()) {

+				if (type.name().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {

+					return type;

+				}

+			}

+			return AccountType.LOCAL;

+		}

 

 		public boolean isLocal() {

 			return this == LOCAL;

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/DaggerModule.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/DaggerModule.java
index 5e49a97d..cc836940 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/DaggerModule.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/DaggerModule.java
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton;
 import org.apache.wicket.protocol.http.WebApplication;
 
 import com.gitblit.git.GitServlet;
+import com.gitblit.manager.AuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.FederationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.GitblitManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IFederationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IGitblitManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.INotificationManager;
@@ -29,14 +31,12 @@ import com.gitblit.manager.IProjectManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IServicesManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.NotificationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.ProjectManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.RepositoryManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.RuntimeManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.ServicesManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.SessionManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.UserManager;
 import com.gitblit.servlet.BranchGraphServlet;
 import com.gitblit.servlet.DownloadZipFilter;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ import dagger.Provides;
 			IRuntimeManager.class,
 			INotificationManager.class,
 			IUserManager.class,
-			ISessionManager.class,
+			IAuthenticationManager.class,
 			IRepositoryManager.class,
 			IProjectManager.class,
 			IGitblitManager.class,
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ public class DaggerModule {
 		return new UserManager(runtimeManager);
 	}
 
-	@Provides @Singleton ISessionManager provideSessionManager(
+	@Provides @Singleton IAuthenticationManager provideAuthenticationManager(
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
 			IUserManager userManager) {
 
-		return new SessionManager(
+		return new AuthenticationManager(
 				runtimeManager,
 				userManager);
 	}
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public class DaggerModule {
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
 			INotificationManager notificationManager,
 			IUserManager userManager,
-			ISessionManager sessionManager,
+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,
 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager,
 			IProjectManager projectManager,
 			IGitblitManager gitblitManager,
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public class DaggerModule {
 				runtimeManager,
 				notificationManager,
 				userManager,
-				sessionManager,
+				authenticationManager,
 				repositoryManager,
 				projectManager,
 				gitblitManager,
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ public class DaggerModule {
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
 			INotificationManager notificationManager,
 			IUserManager userManager,
-			ISessionManager sessionManager,
+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,
 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager,
 			IProjectManager projectManager,
 			IGitblitManager gitblitManager,
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ public class DaggerModule {
 				runtimeManager,
 				notificationManager,
 				userManager,
-				sessionManager,
+				authenticationManager,
 				repositoryManager,
 				projectManager,
 				gitblitManager,
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitBlit.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitBlit.java
index 0dcc765b..d4e89b02 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitBlit.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitBlit.java
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Repository;
 
 import com.gitblit.Constants.FederationRequest;
 import com.gitblit.Constants.FederationToken;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IFederationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IGitblitManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.INotificationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IProjectManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;
 import com.gitblit.models.FederationModel;
 import com.gitblit.models.FederationProposal;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 								INotificationManager,
 								IUserManager,
-								ISessionManager,
+								IAuthenticationManager,
 								IRepositoryManager,
 								IProjectManager,
 								IGitblitManager,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 
 	private final IUserManager userManager;
 
-	private final ISessionManager sessionManager;
+	private final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
 
 	private final IRepositoryManager repositoryManager;
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
 			INotificationManager notificationManager,
 			IUserManager userManager,
-			ISessionManager sessionManager,
+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,
 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager,
 			IProjectManager projectManager,
 			IGitblitManager gitblitManager,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
 		this.notificationManager = notificationManager;
 		this.userManager = userManager;
-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;
+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
 		this.repositoryManager = repositoryManager;
 		this.projectManager = projectManager;
 		this.gitblitManager = gitblitManager;
@@ -239,55 +239,59 @@ public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 
 	@Override
 	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
-		return sessionManager.authenticate(username, password);
+		return authenticationManager.authenticate(username, password);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest) {
-		return sessionManager.authenticate(httpRequest, false);
+		return authenticationManager.authenticate(httpRequest, false);
 	}
 	@Override
 	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest, boolean requiresCertificate) {
-		return sessionManager.authenticate(httpRequest, requiresCertificate);
+		return authenticationManager.authenticate(httpRequest, requiresCertificate);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
-		sessionManager.setCookie(response, user);
+		authenticationManager.setCookie(response, user);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void logout(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
-		sessionManager.logout(response, user);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * USER MANAGER
-	 */
-
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsAddUser() {
-		return userManager.supportsAddUser();
+		authenticationManager.logout(response, user);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return userManager.supportsCredentialChanges(user);
+		return authenticationManager.supportsCredentialChanges(user);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return userManager.supportsDisplayNameChanges(user);
+		return authenticationManager.supportsDisplayNameChanges(user);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return userManager.supportsEmailAddressChanges(user);
+		return authenticationManager.supportsEmailAddressChanges(user);
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return userManager.supportsTeamMembershipChanges(user);
+		return authenticationManager.supportsTeamMembershipChanges(user);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(TeamModel team) {
+		return authenticationManager.supportsTeamMembershipChanges(team);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * USER MANAGER
+	 */
+
+	@Override
+	public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -321,11 +325,6 @@ public class GitBlit implements IRuntimeManager,
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public boolean supportsCookies() {
-		return userManager.supportsCookies();
-	}
-
-	@Override
 	public String getCookie(UserModel model) {
 		return userManager.getCookie(model);
 	}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitblitUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitblitUserService.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 715aed9d..00000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/GitblitUserService.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,325 +0,0 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 2011 gitblit.com.

- *

- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

- * You may obtain a copy of the License at

- *

- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

- *

- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

- * limitations under the License.

- */

-package com.gitblit;

-

-import java.io.File;

-import java.io.IOException;

-import java.text.MessageFormat;

-import java.util.Collection;

-import java.util.List;

-

-import org.slf4j.Logger;

-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;

-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

-import com.gitblit.utils.DeepCopier;

-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

-

-/**

- * This class wraps the default user service and is recommended as the starting

- * point for custom user service implementations.

- *

- * This does seem a little convoluted, but the idea is to allow IUserService to

- * evolve with new methods and implementations without breaking custom

- * authentication implementations.

- *

- * The most common implementation of a custom IUserService is to only override

- * authentication and then delegate all other functionality to one of Gitblit's

- * user services. This class optimizes that use-case.

- *

- * Extending GitblitUserService allows for authentication customization without

- * having to keep-up-with IUSerService API changes.

- *

- * @author James Moger

- *

- */

-public class GitblitUserService implements IUserService {

-

-	protected IUserService serviceImpl;

-

-	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GitblitUserService.class);

-

-	public GitblitUserService() {

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {

-		File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");

-		serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);

-		logger.info("GUS delegating to " + serviceImpl.toString());

-	}

-

-	protected IUserService createUserService(File realmFile) {

-		IUserService service = null;

-		if (realmFile.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".conf")) {

-			// v0.8.0+ config-based realm file

-			service = new ConfigUserService(realmFile);

-		}

-

-		assert service != null;

-

-		if (!realmFile.exists()) {

-			// Create the Administrator account for a new realm file

-			try {

-				realmFile.createNewFile();

-			} catch (IOException x) {

-				logger.error(MessageFormat.format("COULD NOT CREATE REALM FILE {0}!", realmFile), x);

-			}

-			UserModel admin = new UserModel("admin");

-			admin.password = "admin";

-			admin.canAdmin = true;

-			admin.excludeFromFederation = true;

-			service.updateUserModel(admin);

-		}

-

-		return service;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public String toString() {

-		return getClass().getSimpleName();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-		return serviceImpl.supportsCredentialChanges();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-		return serviceImpl.supportsDisplayNameChanges();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-		return serviceImpl.supportsEmailAddressChanges();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-		return serviceImpl.supportsTeamMembershipChanges();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsCookies() {

-		return serviceImpl.supportsCookies();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public String getCookie(UserModel model) {

-		return serviceImpl.getCookie(model);

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.

-	 *

-	 * @param cookie

-	 * @return a user object or null

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public UserModel authenticate(char[] cookie) {

-		UserModel user = serviceImpl.authenticate(cookie);

-		setAccountType(user);

-		return user;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		UserModel user = serviceImpl.authenticate(username, password);

-		setAccountType(user);

-		return user;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public void logout(UserModel user) {

-		serviceImpl.logout(user);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public UserModel getUserModel(String username) {

-		UserModel user = serviceImpl.getUserModel(username);

-		setAccountType(user);

-		return user;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateUserModel(UserModel model) {

-		return serviceImpl.updateUserModel(model);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateUserModels(Collection<UserModel> models) {

-		return serviceImpl.updateUserModels(models);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateUserModel(String username, UserModel model) {

-		if (model.isLocalAccount() || supportsCredentialChanges()) {

-			if (!model.isLocalAccount() && !supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-				//  teams are externally controlled - copy from original model

-				UserModel existingModel = getUserModel(username);

-

-				model = DeepCopier.copy(model);

-				model.teams.clear();

-				model.teams.addAll(existingModel.teams);

-			}

-			return serviceImpl.updateUserModel(username, model);

-		}

-		if (model.username.equals(username)) {

-			// passwords are not persisted by the backing user service

-			model.password = null;

-			if (!model.isLocalAccount() && !supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-				//  teams are externally controlled- copy from original model

-				UserModel existingModel = getUserModel(username);

-

-				model = DeepCopier.copy(model);

-				model.teams.clear();

-				model.teams.addAll(existingModel.teams);

-			}

-			return serviceImpl.updateUserModel(username, model);

-		}

-		logger.error("Users can not be renamed!");

-		return false;

-	}

-	@Override

-	public boolean deleteUserModel(UserModel model) {

-		return serviceImpl.deleteUserModel(model);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean deleteUser(String username) {

-		return serviceImpl.deleteUser(username);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<String> getAllUsernames() {

-		return serviceImpl.getAllUsernames();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<UserModel> getAllUsers() {

-		List<UserModel> users = serviceImpl.getAllUsers();

-    	for (UserModel user : users) {

-    		setAccountType(user);

-    	}

-		return users;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<String> getAllTeamNames() {

-		return serviceImpl.getAllTeamNames();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<TeamModel> getAllTeams() {

-		return serviceImpl.getAllTeams();

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<String> getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(String role) {

-		return serviceImpl.getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(role);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	@Deprecated

-	public boolean setTeamnamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> teamnames) {

-		return serviceImpl.setTeamnamesForRepositoryRole(role, teamnames);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public TeamModel getTeamModel(String teamname) {

-		return serviceImpl.getTeamModel(teamname);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateTeamModel(TeamModel model) {

-		return serviceImpl.updateTeamModel(model);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateTeamModels(Collection<TeamModel> models) {

-		return serviceImpl.updateTeamModels(models);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean updateTeamModel(String teamname, TeamModel model) {

-		if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-			// teams are externally controlled - copy from original model

-			TeamModel existingModel = getTeamModel(teamname);

-

-			model = DeepCopier.copy(model);

-			model.users.clear();

-			model.users.addAll(existingModel.users);

-		}

-		return serviceImpl.updateTeamModel(teamname, model);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean deleteTeamModel(TeamModel model) {

-		return serviceImpl.deleteTeamModel(model);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean deleteTeam(String teamname) {

-		return serviceImpl.deleteTeam(teamname);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public List<String> getUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role) {

-		return serviceImpl.getUsernamesForRepositoryRole(role);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	@Deprecated

-	public boolean setUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> usernames) {

-		return serviceImpl.setUsernamesForRepositoryRole(role, usernames);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean renameRepositoryRole(String oldRole, String newRole) {

-		return serviceImpl.renameRepositoryRole(oldRole, newRole);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public boolean deleteRepositoryRole(String role) {

-		return serviceImpl.deleteRepositoryRole(role);

-	}

-

-	protected boolean isLocalAccount(String username) {

-		UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-		return user != null && user.isLocalAccount();

-	}

-

-	protected void setAccountType(UserModel user) {

-		if (user != null) {

-			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(user.password)

-					&& !Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT.equalsIgnoreCase(user.password)

-					&& !"StoredInLDAP".equalsIgnoreCase(user.password)) {

-				user.accountType = AccountType.LOCAL;

-			} else {

-				user.accountType = getAccountType();

-			}

-		}

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		return AccountType.LOCAL;

-	}

-}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/IUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/IUserService.java
index 316e4a55..053f1790 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/IUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/IUserService.java
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ package com.gitblit;
 import java.util.Collection;

 import java.util.List;

 

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

@@ -43,45 +42,6 @@ public interface IUserService {
 	void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager);

 

 	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to credentials?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	boolean supportsCredentialChanges();

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to user display name?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges();

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to user email address?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges();

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support changes to team memberships?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges();

-

-	/**

-	 * Does the user service support cookie authentication?

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 */

-	boolean supportsCookies();

-

-	/**

 	 * Returns the cookie value for the specified user.

 	 *

 	 * @param model

@@ -90,28 +50,12 @@ public interface IUserService {
 	String getCookie(UserModel model);

 

 	/**

-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.

+	 * Retrieve a user object for the specified cookie.

 	 *

 	 * @param cookie

 	 * @return a user object or null

 	 */

-	UserModel authenticate(char[] cookie);

-

-	/**

-	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.

-	 *

-	 * @param username

-	 * @param password

-	 * @return a user object or null

-	 */

-	UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password);

-

-	/**

-	 * Logout a user.

-	 *

-	 * @param user

-	 */

-	void logout(UserModel user);

+	UserModel getUserModel(char[] cookie);

 

 	/**

 	 * Retrieve the user object for the specified username.

@@ -209,19 +153,6 @@ public interface IUserService {
 	List<String> getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(String role);

 

 	/**

-	 * Sets the list of all teams who are allowed to bypass the access

-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.

-	 *

-	 * @param role

-	 *            the repository name

-	 * @param teamnames

-	 * @return true if successful

-	 * @since 0.8.0

-	 */

-	@Deprecated

-	boolean setTeamnamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> teamnames);

-

-	/**

 	 * Retrieve the team object for the specified team name.

 	 *

 	 * @param teamname

@@ -291,18 +222,6 @@ public interface IUserService {
 	List<String> getUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role);

 

 	/**

-	 * Sets the list of all uses who are allowed to bypass the access

-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.

-	 *

-	 * @param role

-	 *            the repository name

-	 * @param usernames

-	 * @return true if successful

-	 */

-	@Deprecated

-	boolean setUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role, List<String> usernames);

-

-	/**

 	 * Renames a repository role.

 	 *

 	 * @param oldRole

@@ -320,14 +239,6 @@ public interface IUserService {
 	boolean deleteRepositoryRole(String role);

 

 	/**

-	 * Returns the account type for the user models.

-	 *

-	 * @return the account type

-	 * @since 1.4.0

-	 */

-	AccountType getAccountType();

-

-	/**

 	 * @See java.lang.Object.toString();

 	 * @return string representation of the login service

 	 */

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/AuthenticationProvider.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/AuthenticationProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8aaf079
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/AuthenticationProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.auth;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;
+import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+
+public abstract class AuthenticationProvider {
+
+	public static NullProvider NULL_PROVIDER = new NullProvider();
+
+    protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
+
+    protected final String serviceName;
+
+	protected File baseFolder;
+
+	protected IStoredSettings settings;
+
+	protected IRuntimeManager runtimeManager;
+
+	protected IUserManager userManager;
+
+	protected AuthenticationProvider(String serviceName) {
+		this.serviceName = serviceName;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the file object for the specified configuration key.
+	 *
+	 * @return the file
+	 */
+	public File getFileOrFolder(String key, String defaultFileOrFolder) {
+		return runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(key, defaultFileOrFolder);
+	}
+
+	public final void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager, IUserManager userManager) {
+		this.baseFolder = runtimeManager.getBaseFolder();
+		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
+		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
+		this.userManager = userManager;
+		setup();
+	}
+
+	public String getServiceName() {
+		return serviceName;
+	}
+
+	protected void updateUser(UserModel userModel) {
+		// TODO implement user model change detection
+		// account for new user and revised user
+
+		// username
+		// displayname
+		// email address
+		// cookie
+
+		userManager.updateUserModel(userModel);
+	}
+
+	protected void updateTeam(TeamModel teamModel) {
+		// TODO implement team model change detection
+		// account for new team and revised team
+
+		// memberships
+
+		userManager.updateTeamModel(teamModel);
+	}
+
+	public abstract void setup();
+
+	public abstract UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password);
+
+	public abstract AccountType getAccountType();
+
+	/**
+	 * Does the user service support changes to credentials?
+	 *
+	 * @return true or false
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	public abstract boolean supportsCredentialChanges();
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's display name can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports display name changes
+	 */
+	public abstract boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges();
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's email address can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports email address changes
+	 */
+	public abstract boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges();
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's team memberships can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports team membership changes
+	 */
+	public abstract boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges();
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+    	return getServiceName() + " (" + getClass().getName() + ")";
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider extends AuthenticationProvider {
+    	protected UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider(String serviceName) {
+    		super(serviceName);
+    	}
+    }
+
+    public static class NullProvider extends AuthenticationProvider {
+
+		protected NullProvider() {
+			super("NULL");
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public void setup() {
+
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public AccountType getAccountType() {
+			return AccountType.LOCAL;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+			return false;
+		}
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/HtpasswdUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/HtpasswdAuthProvider.java
index ca5295c9..559a0fa0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/HtpasswdUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/HtpasswdAuthProvider.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.gitblit;
+package com.gitblit.auth;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
 import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.Crypt;
 import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.Md5Crypt;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
@@ -64,52 +64,25 @@ import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
  * @author Florian Zschocke
  *
  */
-public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
-{
-
-    private static final String KEY_BACKING_US = Keys.realm.htpasswd.backingUserService;
-    private static final String DEFAULT_BACKING_US = "${baseFolder}/users.conf";
+public class HtpasswdAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
 
     private static final String KEY_HTPASSWD_FILE = Keys.realm.htpasswd.userfile;
     private static final String DEFAULT_HTPASSWD_FILE = "${baseFolder}/htpasswd";
 
-    private static final String KEY_OVERRIDE_LOCALAUTH = Keys.realm.htpasswd.overrideLocalAuthentication;
-    private static final boolean DEFAULT_OVERRIDE_LOCALAUTH = true;
-
     private static final String KEY_SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD = "realm.htpasswd.supportPlaintextPasswords";
 
-    private final boolean SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD;
+    private boolean supportPlainTextPwd;
 
-    private IRuntimeManager runtimeManager;
-    private IStoredSettings settings;
     private File htpasswdFile;
 
-
-    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HtpasswdUserService.class);
-
     private final Map<String, String> htUsers = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();
 
     private volatile long lastModified;
 
-    private volatile boolean forceReload;
-
-
-
-    public HtpasswdUserService()
-    {
-        super();
-
-        String os = System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase();
-        if (os.startsWith("windows") || os.startsWith("netware")) {
-            SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD = true;
-        }
-        else {
-            SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD = false;
-        }
+    public HtpasswdAuthProvider() {
+        super("htpasswd");
     }
 
-
-
     /**
      * Setup the user service.
      *
@@ -118,42 +91,40 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
      * In addition the setup tries to read and parse the htpasswd file to be used
      * for authentication.
      *
-     * @param runtimeManager
-     * @since 1.4.0
+     * @param settings
+     * @since 0.7.0
      */
     @Override
-    public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager)
-    {
-    	this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
-        this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
-
-        // This is done in two steps in order to avoid calling GitBlit.getFileOrFolder(String, String) which will segfault for unit tests.
-        String file = settings.getString(KEY_BACKING_US, DEFAULT_BACKING_US);
-        File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);
-        serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);
-        logger.info("Htpasswd User Service backed by " + serviceImpl.toString());
-
+    public void setup() {
+        String os = System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase();
+        if (os.startsWith("windows") || os.startsWith("netware")) {
+            supportPlainTextPwd = true;
+        } else {
+            supportPlainTextPwd = false;
+        }
         read();
-
         logger.debug("Read " + htUsers.size() + " users from htpasswd file: " + this.htpasswdFile);
     }
 
-
-
-    /**
-     * For now, credentials are defined in the htpasswd file and can not be manipulated
-     * from Gitblit.
-     *
-     * @return false
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
     @Override
-    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges()
-    {
+    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
         return false;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.
@@ -168,14 +139,7 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
      * @return a user object or null
      */
     @Override
-    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password)
-    {
-        if (isLocalAccount(username)) {
-            // local account, bypass htpasswd authentication
-            return super.authenticate(username, password);
-        }
-
-
+    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
         read();
         String storedPwd = htUsers.get(username);
         if (storedPwd != null) {
@@ -183,27 +147,27 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
             final String passwd = new String(password);
 
             // test Apache MD5 variant encrypted password
-            if ( storedPwd.startsWith("$apr1$") ) {
-                if ( storedPwd.equals(Md5Crypt.apr1Crypt(passwd, storedPwd)) ) {
+            if (storedPwd.startsWith("$apr1$")) {
+                if (storedPwd.equals(Md5Crypt.apr1Crypt(passwd, storedPwd))) {
                     logger.debug("Apache MD5 encoded password matched for user '" + username + "'");
                     authenticated = true;
                 }
             }
             // test unsalted SHA password
-            else if ( storedPwd.startsWith("{SHA}") ) {
+            else if (storedPwd.startsWith("{SHA}")) {
                 String passwd64 = Base64.encodeBase64String(DigestUtils.sha1(passwd));
-                if ( storedPwd.substring("{SHA}".length()).equals(passwd64) ) {
+                if (storedPwd.substring("{SHA}".length()).equals(passwd64)) {
                     logger.debug("Unsalted SHA-1 encoded password matched for user '" + username + "'");
                     authenticated = true;
                 }
             }
             // test libc crypt() encoded password
-            else if ( supportCryptPwd() && storedPwd.equals(Crypt.crypt(passwd, storedPwd)) ) {
+            else if (supportCryptPwd() && storedPwd.equals(Crypt.crypt(passwd, storedPwd))) {
                 logger.debug("Libc crypt encoded password matched for user '" + username + "'");
                 authenticated = true;
             }
             // test clear text
-            else if ( supportPlaintextPwd() && storedPwd.equals(passwd) ){
+            else if (supportPlaintextPwd() && storedPwd.equals(passwd)){
                 logger.debug("Clear text password matched for user '" + username + "'");
                 authenticated = true;
             }
@@ -212,10 +176,13 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
             if (authenticated) {
                 logger.debug("Htpasswd authenticated: " + username);
 
-                UserModel user = getUserModel(username);
-                if (user == null) {
+                UserModel curr = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+                UserModel user;
+                if (curr == null) {
                     // create user object for new authenticated user
                     user = new UserModel(username);
+                } else {
+                	user = curr;
                 }
 
                 // create a user cookie
@@ -228,7 +195,7 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
                 user.accountType = getAccountType();
 
                 // Push the looked up values to backing file
-                super.updateUserModel(user);
+               	updateUser(user);
 
                 return user;
             }
@@ -237,70 +204,29 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
         return null;
     }
 
-
-
-    /**
-     * Determine if the account is to be treated as a local account.
-     *
-     * This influences authentication. A local account will be authenticated
-     * by the backing user service while an external account will be handled
-     * by this user service.
-     * <br/>
-     * The decision also depends on the setting of the key
-     * realm.htpasswd.overrideLocalAuthentication.
-     * If it is set to true, then passwords will first be checked against the
-     * htpasswd store. If an account exists and is marked as local in the backing
-     * user service, that setting will be overwritten by the result. This
-     * means that an account that looks local to the backing user service will
-     * be turned into an external account upon valid login of a user that has
-     * an entry in the htpasswd file.
-     * If the key is set to false, then it is determined if the account is local
-     * according to the logic of the GitblitUserService.
-     */
-    @Override
-	protected boolean isLocalAccount(String username)
-    {
-        if ( settings.getBoolean(KEY_OVERRIDE_LOCALAUTH, DEFAULT_OVERRIDE_LOCALAUTH) ) {
-            read();
-            if ( htUsers.containsKey(username) ) return false;
-        }
-        return super.isLocalAccount(username);
-    }
-
-
-
     /**
      * Get the account type used for this user service.
      *
      * @return AccountType.HTPASSWD
      */
     @Override
-	public AccountType getAccountType()
-    {
+	public AccountType getAccountType() {
         return AccountType.HTPASSWD;
     }
 
-
-
-    private String htpasswdFilePath = null;
     /**
      * Reads the realm file and rebuilds the in-memory lookup tables.
      */
-    protected synchronized void read()
-    {
-
-        // This is done in two steps in order to avoid calling GitBlit.getFileOrFolder(String, String) which will segfault for unit tests.
-        String file = settings.getString(KEY_HTPASSWD_FILE, DEFAULT_HTPASSWD_FILE);
-        if ( !file.equals(htpasswdFilePath) ) {
-            // The htpasswd file setting changed. Rediscover the file.
-            this.htpasswdFilePath = file;
-            this.htpasswdFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);
+    protected synchronized void read() {
+    	boolean forceReload = false;
+    	File file = getFileOrFolder(KEY_HTPASSWD_FILE, DEFAULT_HTPASSWD_FILE);
+        if (!file.equals(htpasswdFile)) {
+            this.htpasswdFile = file;
             this.htUsers.clear();
-            this.forceReload = true;
+            forceReload = true;
         }
 
         if (htpasswdFile.exists() && (forceReload || (htpasswdFile.lastModified() != lastModified))) {
-            forceReload = false;
             lastModified = htpasswdFile.lastModified();
             htUsers.clear();
 
@@ -309,53 +235,42 @@ public class HtpasswdUserService extends GitblitUserService
             Scanner scanner = null;
             try {
                 scanner = new Scanner(new FileInputStream(htpasswdFile));
-                while( scanner.hasNextLine()) {
+                while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
                     String line = scanner.nextLine().trim();
-                    if ( !line.isEmpty() &&  !line.startsWith("#") ) {
+                    if (!line.isEmpty() &&  !line.startsWith("#")) {
                         Matcher m = entry.matcher(line);
-                        if ( m.matches() ) {
+                        if (m.matches()) {
                             htUsers.put(m.group(1), m.group(2));
                         }
                     }
                 }
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 logger.error(MessageFormat.format("Failed to read {0}", htpasswdFile), e);
-            }
-            finally {
-                if (scanner != null) scanner.close();
+            } finally {
+                if (scanner != null) {
+                	scanner.close();
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 
-
-
-    private boolean supportPlaintextPwd()
-    {
-        return this.settings.getBoolean(KEY_SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD, SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD);
+    private boolean supportPlaintextPwd() {
+        return this.settings.getBoolean(KEY_SUPPORT_PLAINTEXT_PWD, supportPlainTextPwd);
     }
 
-
-    private boolean supportCryptPwd()
-    {
+    private boolean supportCryptPwd() {
         return !supportPlaintextPwd();
     }
 
-
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString()
-    {
-        return getClass().getSimpleName() + "(" + ((htpasswdFile != null) ? htpasswdFile.getAbsolutePath() : "null") + ")";
-    }
-
-
-
-
     /*
      * Method only used for unit tests. Return number of users read from htpasswd file.
      */
-    public int getNumberHtpasswdUsers()
-    {
+    public int getNumberHtpasswdUsers() {
         return this.htUsers.size();
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return getClass().getSimpleName() + "(" + ((htpasswdFile != null) ? htpasswdFile.getAbsolutePath() : "null") + ")";
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/LdapUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/LdapAuthProvider.java
index c075afca..7a6b74df 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/LdapUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/LdapAuthProvider.java
@@ -1,530 +1,508 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 2012 John Crygier

- * Copyright 2012 gitblit.com

- *

- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

- * You may obtain a copy of the License at

- *

- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

- *

- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

- * limitations under the License.

- */

-package com.gitblit;

-

-import java.io.File;

-import java.net.URI;

-import java.net.URISyntaxException;

-import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

-import java.util.Arrays;

-import java.util.HashMap;

-import java.util.List;

-import java.util.Map;

-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

-

-import org.slf4j.Logger;

-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;

-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

-import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;

-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.Attribute;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.DereferencePolicy;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.ExtendedResult;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPConnection;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPException;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPSearchException;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.ResultCode;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchRequest;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchResult;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchResultEntry;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchScope;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SimpleBindRequest;

-import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.extensions.StartTLSExtendedRequest;

-import com.unboundid.util.ssl.SSLUtil;

-import com.unboundid.util.ssl.TrustAllTrustManager;

-

-/**

- * Implementation of an LDAP user service.

- *

- * @author John Crygier

- */

-public class LdapUserService extends GitblitUserService {

-

-	public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LdapUserService.class);

-

-	private IStoredSettings settings;

-    private AtomicLong lastLdapUserSync = new AtomicLong(0L);

-

-	public LdapUserService() {

-		super();

-	}

-

- 	private long getSynchronizationPeriod() {

-        final String cacheDuration = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.ldapCachePeriod, "2 MINUTES");

-        try {

-            final String[] s = cacheDuration.split(" ", 2);

-            long duration = Long.parseLong(s[0]);

-            TimeUnit timeUnit = TimeUnit.valueOf(s[1]);

-            return timeUnit.toMillis(duration);

-        } catch (RuntimeException ex) {

-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(Keys.realm.ldap.ldapCachePeriod + " must have format '<long> <TimeUnit>' where <TimeUnit> is one of 'MILLISECONDS', 'SECONDS', 'MINUTES', 'HOURS', 'DAYS'");

-        }

-    }

-

-	@Override

-	public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {

-		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

-		String file = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.backingUserService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");

-		File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);

-

-		serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);

-		logger.info("LDAP User Service backed by " + serviceImpl.toString());

-

-		synchronizeLdapUsers();

-	}

-

-	protected synchronized void synchronizeLdapUsers() {

-        final boolean enabled = settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.synchronizeUsers.enable, false);

-        if (enabled) {

-            if (System.currentTimeMillis() > (lastLdapUserSync.get() + getSynchronizationPeriod())) {

-            	logger.info("Synchronizing with LDAP @ " + settings.getRequiredString(Keys.realm.ldap.server));

-                final boolean deleteRemovedLdapUsers = settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.synchronizeUsers.removeDeleted, true);

-                LDAPConnection ldapConnection = getLdapConnection();

-                if (ldapConnection != null) {

-                    try {

-                        String accountBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountBase, "");

-                        String uidAttribute = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.uid, "uid");

-                        String accountPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountPattern, "(&(objectClass=person)(sAMAccountName=${username}))");

-                        accountPattern = StringUtils.replace(accountPattern, "${username}", "*");

-

-                        SearchResult result = doSearch(ldapConnection, accountBase, accountPattern);

-                        if (result != null && result.getEntryCount() > 0) {

-                            final Map<String, UserModel> ldapUsers = new HashMap<String, UserModel>();

-

-                            for (SearchResultEntry loggingInUser : result.getSearchEntries()) {

-

-                                final String username = loggingInUser.getAttribute(uidAttribute).getValue();

-                                logger.debug("LDAP synchronizing: " + username);

-

-                                UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-                                if (user == null) {

-                                    user = new UserModel(username);

-                                }

-

-                                if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges())

-                                    getTeamsFromLdap(ldapConnection, username, loggingInUser, user);

-

-                                // Get User Attributes

-                                setUserAttributes(user, loggingInUser);

-

-                                // store in map

-                                ldapUsers.put(username.toLowerCase(), user);

-                            }

-

-                            if (deleteRemovedLdapUsers) {

-                                logger.debug("detecting removed LDAP users...");

-

-                                for (UserModel userModel : super.getAllUsers()) {

-                                    if (Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT.equals(userModel.password)) {

-                                        if (! ldapUsers.containsKey(userModel.username)) {

-                                            logger.info("deleting removed LDAP user " + userModel.username + " from backing user service");

-                                            super.deleteUser(userModel.username);

-                                        }

-                                    }

-                                }

-                            }

-

-                            super.updateUserModels(ldapUsers.values());

-

-                            if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-                                final Map<String, TeamModel> userTeams = new HashMap<String, TeamModel>();

-                                for (UserModel user : ldapUsers.values()) {

-                                    for (TeamModel userTeam : user.teams) {

-                                        userTeams.put(userTeam.name, userTeam);

-                                    }

-                                }

-                                updateTeamModels(userTeams.values());

-                            }

-                        }

-                        lastLdapUserSync.set(System.currentTimeMillis());

-                    } finally {

-                        ldapConnection.close();

-                    }

-                }

-            }

-        }

-    }

-

-	private LDAPConnection getLdapConnection() {

-		try {

-			

-			URI ldapUrl = new URI(settings.getRequiredString(Keys.realm.ldap.server));

-			String ldapHost = ldapUrl.getHost();

-			int ldapPort = ldapUrl.getPort();

-			String bindUserName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.username, "");

-			String bindPassword = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.password, "");

-

-			

-			LDAPConnection conn;

-			if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldaps")) {	// SSL

-				SSLUtil sslUtil = new SSLUtil(new TrustAllTrustManager());

-				conn = new LDAPConnection(sslUtil.createSSLSocketFactory());

-			} else if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap") || ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap+tls")) {	// no encryption or StartTLS

-				conn = new LDAPConnection();

-			} else {

-				logger.error("Unsupported LDAP URL scheme: " + ldapUrl.getScheme());

-				return null;

-			}

-			

-			conn.connect(ldapHost, ldapPort);

-			

-			if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap+tls")) {

-				SSLUtil sslUtil = new SSLUtil(new TrustAllTrustManager());

-				ExtendedResult extendedResult = conn.processExtendedOperation(

-						new StartTLSExtendedRequest(sslUtil.createSSLContext()));

-				if (extendedResult.getResultCode() != ResultCode.SUCCESS) {

-					throw new LDAPException(extendedResult.getResultCode());

-				}

-			}

-

-			if ( ! StringUtils.isEmpty(bindUserName) || ! StringUtils.isEmpty(bindPassword)) {

-				conn.bind(new SimpleBindRequest(bindUserName, bindPassword));

-			}

-			

-			return conn;

-

-		} catch (URISyntaxException e) {

-			logger.error("Bad LDAP URL, should be in the form: ldap(s|+tls)://<server>:<port>", e);

-		} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {

-			logger.error("Unable to create SSL Connection", e);

-		} catch (LDAPException e) {

-			logger.error("Error Connecting to LDAP", e);

-		}

-

-		return null;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Credentials are defined in the LDAP server and can not be manipulated

-	 * from Gitblit.

-	 *

-	 * @return false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-		return false;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * If no displayName pattern is defined then Gitblit can manage the display name.

-	 *

-	 * @return true if Gitblit can manage the user display name

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-		return StringUtils.isEmpty(settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.displayName, ""));

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * If no email pattern is defined then Gitblit can manage the email address.

-	 *

-	 * @return true if Gitblit can manage the user email address

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-		return StringUtils.isEmpty(settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.email, ""));

-	}

-

-

-	/**

-	 * If the LDAP server will maintain team memberships then LdapUserService

-	 * will not allow team membership changes.  In this scenario all team

-	 * changes must be made on the LDAP server by the LDAP administrator.

-	 *

-	 * @return true or false

-	 * @since 1.0.0

-	 */

-	@Override

-	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-		return !settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.maintainTeams, false);

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		 return AccountType.LDAP;

-	}

-

-	@Override

-	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		if (isLocalAccount(username)) {

-			// local account, bypass LDAP authentication

-			return super.authenticate(username, password);

-		}

-

-		String simpleUsername = getSimpleUsername(username);

-

-		LDAPConnection ldapConnection = getLdapConnection();

-		if (ldapConnection != null) {

-			try {

-				// Find the logging in user's DN

-				String accountBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountBase, "");

-				String accountPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountPattern, "(&(objectClass=person)(sAMAccountName=${username}))");

-				accountPattern = StringUtils.replace(accountPattern, "${username}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(simpleUsername));

-

-				SearchResult result = doSearch(ldapConnection, accountBase, accountPattern);

-				if (result != null && result.getEntryCount() == 1) {

-					SearchResultEntry loggingInUser = result.getSearchEntries().get(0);

-					String loggingInUserDN = loggingInUser.getDN();

-

-					if (isAuthenticated(ldapConnection, loggingInUserDN, new String(password))) {

-						logger.debug("LDAP authenticated: " + username);

-

-						UserModel user = null;

-						synchronized (this) {

-							user = getUserModel(simpleUsername);

-							if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user

-								user = new UserModel(simpleUsername);

-

-							// create a user cookie

-							if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

-								user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));

-							}

-

-							if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges())

-								getTeamsFromLdap(ldapConnection, simpleUsername, loggingInUser, user);

-

-							// Get User Attributes

-							setUserAttributes(user, loggingInUser);

-

-							// Push the ldap looked up values to backing file

-							super.updateUserModel(user);

-							if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-								for (TeamModel userTeam : user.teams)

-									updateTeamModel(userTeam);

-							}

-						}

-

-						return user;

-					}

-				}

-			} finally {

-				ldapConnection.close();

-			}

-		}

-		return null;

-	}

-

-	/**

-	 * Set the admin attribute from team memberships retrieved from LDAP.

-	 * If we are not storing teams in LDAP and/or we have not defined any

-	 * administrator teams, then do not change the admin flag.

-	 *

-	 * @param user

-	 */

-	private void setAdminAttribute(UserModel user) {

-		if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {

-			List<String> admins = settings.getStrings(Keys.realm.ldap.admins);

-			// if we have defined administrative teams, then set admin flag

-			// otherwise leave admin flag unchanged

-			if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(admins)) {

-				user.canAdmin = false;

-				for (String admin : admins) {

-					if (admin.startsWith("@")) { // Team

-						if (user.getTeam(admin.substring(1)) != null)

-							user.canAdmin = true;

-					} else

-						if (user.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(admin))

-							user.canAdmin = true;

-				}

-			}

-		}

-	}

-

-	private void setUserAttributes(UserModel user, SearchResultEntry userEntry) {

-		// Is this user an admin?

-		setAdminAttribute(user);

-

-		// Don't want visibility into the real password, make up a dummy

-		user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;

-		user.accountType = getAccountType();

-

-		// Get full name Attribute

-		String displayName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.displayName, "");

-		if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(displayName)) {

-			// Replace embedded ${} with attributes

-			if (displayName.contains("${")) {

-				for (Attribute userAttribute : userEntry.getAttributes())

-					displayName = StringUtils.replace(displayName, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", userAttribute.getValue());

-

-				user.displayName = displayName;

-			} else {

-				Attribute attribute = userEntry.getAttribute(displayName);

-				if (attribute != null && attribute.hasValue()) {

-					user.displayName = attribute.getValue();

-				}

-			}

-		}

-

-		// Get email address Attribute

-		String email = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.email, "");

-		if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(email)) {

-			if (email.contains("${")) {

-				for (Attribute userAttribute : userEntry.getAttributes())

-					email = StringUtils.replace(email, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", userAttribute.getValue());

-

-				user.emailAddress = email;

-			} else {

-				Attribute attribute = userEntry.getAttribute(email);

-				if (attribute != null && attribute.hasValue()) {

-					user.emailAddress = attribute.getValue();

-				}

-			}

-		}

-	}

-

-	private void getTeamsFromLdap(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String simpleUsername, SearchResultEntry loggingInUser, UserModel user) {

-		String loggingInUserDN = loggingInUser.getDN();

-

-		user.teams.clear();		// Clear the users team memberships - we're going to get them from LDAP

-		String groupBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.groupBase, "");

-		String groupMemberPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.groupMemberPattern, "(&(objectClass=group)(member=${dn}))");

-

-		groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${dn}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(loggingInUserDN));

-		groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${username}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(simpleUsername));

-

-		// Fill in attributes into groupMemberPattern

-		for (Attribute userAttribute : loggingInUser.getAttributes())

-			groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(userAttribute.getValue()));

-

-		SearchResult teamMembershipResult = doSearch(ldapConnection, groupBase, true, groupMemberPattern, Arrays.asList("cn"));

-		if (teamMembershipResult != null && teamMembershipResult.getEntryCount() > 0) {

-			for (int i = 0; i < teamMembershipResult.getEntryCount(); i++) {

-				SearchResultEntry teamEntry = teamMembershipResult.getSearchEntries().get(i);

-				String teamName = teamEntry.getAttribute("cn").getValue();

-

-				TeamModel teamModel = getTeamModel(teamName);

-				if (teamModel == null)

-					teamModel = createTeamFromLdap(teamEntry);

-

-				user.teams.add(teamModel);

-				teamModel.addUser(user.getName());

-			}

-		}

-	}

-

-	private TeamModel createTeamFromLdap(SearchResultEntry teamEntry) {

-		TeamModel answer = new TeamModel(teamEntry.getAttributeValue("cn"));

-		// potentially retrieve other attributes here in the future

-

-		return answer;

-	}

-

-	private SearchResult doSearch(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String base, String filter) {

-		try {

-			return ldapConnection.search(base, SearchScope.SUB, filter);

-		} catch (LDAPSearchException e) {

-			logger.error("Problem Searching LDAP", e);

-

-			return null;

-		}

-	}

-	

-	private SearchResult doSearch(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String base, boolean dereferenceAliases, String filter, List<String> attributes) {

-		try {

-			SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(base, SearchScope.SUB, filter);

-			if ( dereferenceAliases ) {

-				searchRequest.setDerefPolicy(DereferencePolicy.SEARCHING);

-			}

-			if (attributes != null) {

-				searchRequest.setAttributes(attributes);

-			}

-			return ldapConnection.search(searchRequest);

-

-		} catch (LDAPSearchException e) {

-			logger.error("Problem Searching LDAP", e);

-

-			return null;

-		} catch (LDAPException e) {

-			logger.error("Problem creating LDAP search", e);

-			return null;

-		}

-	}

-	

-	private boolean isAuthenticated(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String userDn, String password) {

-		try {

-			// Binding will stop any LDAP-Injection Attacks since the searched-for user needs to bind to that DN

-			ldapConnection.bind(userDn, password);

-			return true;

-		} catch (LDAPException e) {

-			logger.error("Error authenticating user", e);

-			return false;

-		}

-	}

-

-    @Override

-    public List<String> getAllUsernames() {

-        synchronizeLdapUsers();

-        return super.getAllUsernames();

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public List<UserModel> getAllUsers() {

-        synchronizeLdapUsers();

-        return super.getAllUsers();

-    }

-

-	/**

-	 * Returns a simple username without any domain prefixes.

-	 *

-	 * @param username

-	 * @return a simple username

-	 */

-	protected String getSimpleUsername(String username) {

-		int lastSlash = username.lastIndexOf('\\');

-		if (lastSlash > -1) {

-			username = username.substring(lastSlash + 1);

-		}

-

-		return username;

-	}

-

-	// From: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Preventing_LDAP_Injection_in_Java

-	public static final String escapeLDAPSearchFilter(String filter) {

-		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

-		for (int i = 0; i < filter.length(); i++) {

-			char curChar = filter.charAt(i);

-			switch (curChar) {

-			case '\\':

-				sb.append("\\5c");

-				break;

-			case '*':

-				sb.append("\\2a");

-				break;

-			case '(':

-				sb.append("\\28");

-				break;

-			case ')':

-				sb.append("\\29");

-				break;

-			case '\u0000':

-				sb.append("\\00");

-				break;

-			default:

-				sb.append(curChar);

-			}

-		}

-		return sb.toString();

-	}

-}

+/*
+ * Copyright 2012 John Crygier
+ * Copyright 2012 gitblit.com
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.auth;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.Attribute;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.DereferencePolicy;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.ExtendedResult;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPConnection;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPException;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPSearchException;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.ResultCode;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchRequest;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchResult;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchResultEntry;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SearchScope;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.SimpleBindRequest;
+import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.extensions.StartTLSExtendedRequest;
+import com.unboundid.util.ssl.SSLUtil;
+import com.unboundid.util.ssl.TrustAllTrustManager;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of an LDAP user service.
+ *
+ * @author John Crygier
+ */
+public class LdapAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
+
+    private AtomicLong lastLdapUserSync = new AtomicLong(0L);
+
+	public LdapAuthProvider() {
+		super("ldap");
+	}
+
+ 	private long getSynchronizationPeriod() {
+        final String cacheDuration = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.ldapCachePeriod, "2 MINUTES");
+        try {
+            final String[] s = cacheDuration.split(" ", 2);
+            long duration = Long.parseLong(s[0]);
+            TimeUnit timeUnit = TimeUnit.valueOf(s[1]);
+            return timeUnit.toMillis(duration);
+        } catch (RuntimeException ex) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(Keys.realm.ldap.ldapCachePeriod + " must have format '<long> <TimeUnit>' where <TimeUnit> is one of 'MILLISECONDS', 'SECONDS', 'MINUTES', 'HOURS', 'DAYS'");
+        }
+    }
+
+	@Override
+	public void setup() {
+		synchronizeLdapUsers();
+	}
+
+	protected synchronized void synchronizeLdapUsers() {
+        final boolean enabled = settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.synchronizeUsers.enable, false);
+        if (enabled) {
+            if (System.currentTimeMillis() > (lastLdapUserSync.get() + getSynchronizationPeriod())) {
+            	logger.info("Synchronizing with LDAP @ " + settings.getRequiredString(Keys.realm.ldap.server));
+                final boolean deleteRemovedLdapUsers = settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.synchronizeUsers.removeDeleted, true);
+                LDAPConnection ldapConnection = getLdapConnection();
+                if (ldapConnection != null) {
+                    try {
+                        String accountBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountBase, "");
+                        String uidAttribute = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.uid, "uid");
+                        String accountPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountPattern, "(&(objectClass=person)(sAMAccountName=${username}))");
+                        accountPattern = StringUtils.replace(accountPattern, "${username}", "*");
+
+                        SearchResult result = doSearch(ldapConnection, accountBase, accountPattern);
+                        if (result != null && result.getEntryCount() > 0) {
+                            final Map<String, UserModel> ldapUsers = new HashMap<String, UserModel>();
+
+                            for (SearchResultEntry loggingInUser : result.getSearchEntries()) {
+
+                                final String username = loggingInUser.getAttribute(uidAttribute).getValue();
+                                logger.debug("LDAP synchronizing: " + username);
+
+                                UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+                                if (user == null) {
+                                    user = new UserModel(username);
+                                }
+
+                                if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
+                                    getTeamsFromLdap(ldapConnection, username, loggingInUser, user);
+                                }
+
+                                // Get User Attributes
+                                setUserAttributes(user, loggingInUser);
+
+                                // store in map
+                                ldapUsers.put(username.toLowerCase(), user);
+                            }
+
+                            if (deleteRemovedLdapUsers) {
+                                logger.debug("detecting removed LDAP users...");
+
+                                for (UserModel userModel : userManager.getAllUsers()) {
+                                    if (Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT.equals(userModel.password)) {
+                                        if (!ldapUsers.containsKey(userModel.username)) {
+                                            logger.info("deleting removed LDAP user " + userModel.username + " from user service");
+                                            userManager.deleteUser(userModel.username);
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            userManager.updateUserModels(ldapUsers.values());
+
+                            if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
+                                final Map<String, TeamModel> userTeams = new HashMap<String, TeamModel>();
+                                for (UserModel user : ldapUsers.values()) {
+                                    for (TeamModel userTeam : user.teams) {
+                                        userTeams.put(userTeam.name, userTeam);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                userManager.updateTeamModels(userTeams.values());
+                            }
+                        }
+                        lastLdapUserSync.set(System.currentTimeMillis());
+                    } finally {
+                        ldapConnection.close();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+	private LDAPConnection getLdapConnection() {
+		try {
+
+			URI ldapUrl = new URI(settings.getRequiredString(Keys.realm.ldap.server));
+			String ldapHost = ldapUrl.getHost();
+			int ldapPort = ldapUrl.getPort();
+			String bindUserName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.username, "");
+			String bindPassword = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.password, "");
+
+
+			LDAPConnection conn;
+			if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldaps")) {
+				// SSL
+				SSLUtil sslUtil = new SSLUtil(new TrustAllTrustManager());
+				conn = new LDAPConnection(sslUtil.createSSLSocketFactory());
+			} else if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap") || ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap+tls")) {
+				// no encryption or StartTLS
+				conn = new LDAPConnection();
+			} else {
+				logger.error("Unsupported LDAP URL scheme: " + ldapUrl.getScheme());
+				return null;
+			}
+
+			conn.connect(ldapHost, ldapPort);
+
+			if (ldapUrl.getScheme().equalsIgnoreCase("ldap+tls")) {
+				SSLUtil sslUtil = new SSLUtil(new TrustAllTrustManager());
+				ExtendedResult extendedResult = conn.processExtendedOperation(
+						new StartTLSExtendedRequest(sslUtil.createSSLContext()));
+				if (extendedResult.getResultCode() != ResultCode.SUCCESS) {
+					throw new LDAPException(extendedResult.getResultCode());
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(bindUserName) || !StringUtils.isEmpty(bindPassword)) {
+				conn.bind(new SimpleBindRequest(bindUserName, bindPassword));
+			}
+
+			return conn;
+
+		} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
+			logger.error("Bad LDAP URL, should be in the form: ldap(s|+tls)://<server>:<port>", e);
+		} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+			logger.error("Unable to create SSL Connection", e);
+		} catch (LDAPException e) {
+			logger.error("Error Connecting to LDAP", e);
+		}
+
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Credentials are defined in the LDAP server and can not be manipulated
+	 * from Gitblit.
+	 *
+	 * @return false
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * If no displayName pattern is defined then Gitblit can manage the display name.
+	 *
+	 * @return true if Gitblit can manage the user display name
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+		return StringUtils.isEmpty(settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.displayName, ""));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * If no email pattern is defined then Gitblit can manage the email address.
+	 *
+	 * @return true if Gitblit can manage the user email address
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+		return StringUtils.isEmpty(settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.email, ""));
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * If the LDAP server will maintain team memberships then LdapUserService
+	 * will not allow team membership changes.  In this scenario all team
+	 * changes must be made on the LDAP server by the LDAP administrator.
+	 *
+	 * @return true or false
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+		return !settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.ldap.maintainTeams, false);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public AccountType getAccountType() {
+		 return AccountType.LDAP;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+		String simpleUsername = getSimpleUsername(username);
+
+		LDAPConnection ldapConnection = getLdapConnection();
+		if (ldapConnection != null) {
+			try {
+				// Find the logging in user's DN
+				String accountBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountBase, "");
+				String accountPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.accountPattern, "(&(objectClass=person)(sAMAccountName=${username}))");
+				accountPattern = StringUtils.replace(accountPattern, "${username}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(simpleUsername));
+
+				SearchResult result = doSearch(ldapConnection, accountBase, accountPattern);
+				if (result != null && result.getEntryCount() == 1) {
+					SearchResultEntry loggingInUser = result.getSearchEntries().get(0);
+					String loggingInUserDN = loggingInUser.getDN();
+
+					if (isAuthenticated(ldapConnection, loggingInUserDN, new String(password))) {
+						logger.debug("LDAP authenticated: " + username);
+
+						UserModel user = null;
+						synchronized (this) {
+							user = userManager.getUserModel(simpleUsername);
+							if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user
+								user = new UserModel(simpleUsername);
+
+							// create a user cookie
+							if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {
+								user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));
+							}
+
+							if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges())
+								getTeamsFromLdap(ldapConnection, simpleUsername, loggingInUser, user);
+
+							// Get User Attributes
+							setUserAttributes(user, loggingInUser);
+
+							// Push the ldap looked up values to backing file
+							updateUser(user);
+
+							if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
+								for (TeamModel userTeam : user.teams)
+									updateTeam(userTeam);
+							}
+						}
+
+						return user;
+					}
+				}
+			} finally {
+				ldapConnection.close();
+			}
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set the admin attribute from team memberships retrieved from LDAP.
+	 * If we are not storing teams in LDAP and/or we have not defined any
+	 * administrator teams, then do not change the admin flag.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 */
+	private void setAdminAttribute(UserModel user) {
+		if (!supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
+			List<String> admins = settings.getStrings(Keys.realm.ldap.admins);
+			// if we have defined administrative teams, then set admin flag
+			// otherwise leave admin flag unchanged
+			if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(admins)) {
+				user.canAdmin = false;
+				for (String admin : admins) {
+					if (admin.startsWith("@")) { // Team
+						if (user.getTeam(admin.substring(1)) != null)
+							user.canAdmin = true;
+					} else
+						if (user.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(admin))
+							user.canAdmin = true;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void setUserAttributes(UserModel user, SearchResultEntry userEntry) {
+		// Is this user an admin?
+		setAdminAttribute(user);
+
+		// Don't want visibility into the real password, make up a dummy
+		user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
+		user.accountType = getAccountType();
+
+		// Get full name Attribute
+		String displayName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.displayName, "");
+		if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(displayName)) {
+			// Replace embedded ${} with attributes
+			if (displayName.contains("${")) {
+				for (Attribute userAttribute : userEntry.getAttributes())
+					displayName = StringUtils.replace(displayName, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", userAttribute.getValue());
+
+				user.displayName = displayName;
+			} else {
+				Attribute attribute = userEntry.getAttribute(displayName);
+				if (attribute != null && attribute.hasValue()) {
+					user.displayName = attribute.getValue();
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Get email address Attribute
+		String email = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.email, "");
+		if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(email)) {
+			if (email.contains("${")) {
+				for (Attribute userAttribute : userEntry.getAttributes())
+					email = StringUtils.replace(email, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", userAttribute.getValue());
+
+				user.emailAddress = email;
+			} else {
+				Attribute attribute = userEntry.getAttribute(email);
+				if (attribute != null && attribute.hasValue()) {
+					user.emailAddress = attribute.getValue();
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void getTeamsFromLdap(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String simpleUsername, SearchResultEntry loggingInUser, UserModel user) {
+		String loggingInUserDN = loggingInUser.getDN();
+
+		user.teams.clear();		// Clear the users team memberships - we're going to get them from LDAP
+		String groupBase = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.groupBase, "");
+		String groupMemberPattern = settings.getString(Keys.realm.ldap.groupMemberPattern, "(&(objectClass=group)(member=${dn}))");
+
+		groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${dn}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(loggingInUserDN));
+		groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${username}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(simpleUsername));
+
+		// Fill in attributes into groupMemberPattern
+		for (Attribute userAttribute : loggingInUser.getAttributes()) {
+			groupMemberPattern = StringUtils.replace(groupMemberPattern, "${" + userAttribute.getName() + "}", escapeLDAPSearchFilter(userAttribute.getValue()));
+		}
+
+		SearchResult teamMembershipResult = doSearch(ldapConnection, groupBase, true, groupMemberPattern, Arrays.asList("cn"));
+		if (teamMembershipResult != null && teamMembershipResult.getEntryCount() > 0) {
+			for (int i = 0; i < teamMembershipResult.getEntryCount(); i++) {
+				SearchResultEntry teamEntry = teamMembershipResult.getSearchEntries().get(i);
+				String teamName = teamEntry.getAttribute("cn").getValue();
+
+				TeamModel teamModel = userManager.getTeamModel(teamName);
+				if (teamModel == null) {
+					teamModel = createTeamFromLdap(teamEntry);
+				}
+
+				user.teams.add(teamModel);
+				teamModel.addUser(user.getName());
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private TeamModel createTeamFromLdap(SearchResultEntry teamEntry) {
+		TeamModel answer = new TeamModel(teamEntry.getAttributeValue("cn"));
+		answer.accountType = getAccountType();
+		// potentially retrieve other attributes here in the future
+
+		return answer;
+	}
+
+	private SearchResult doSearch(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String base, String filter) {
+		try {
+			return ldapConnection.search(base, SearchScope.SUB, filter);
+		} catch (LDAPSearchException e) {
+			logger.error("Problem Searching LDAP", e);
+
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+	private SearchResult doSearch(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String base, boolean dereferenceAliases, String filter, List<String> attributes) {
+		try {
+			SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(base, SearchScope.SUB, filter);
+			if (dereferenceAliases) {
+				searchRequest.setDerefPolicy(DereferencePolicy.SEARCHING);
+			}
+			if (attributes != null) {
+				searchRequest.setAttributes(attributes);
+			}
+			return ldapConnection.search(searchRequest);
+
+		} catch (LDAPSearchException e) {
+			logger.error("Problem Searching LDAP", e);
+
+			return null;
+		} catch (LDAPException e) {
+			logger.error("Problem creating LDAP search", e);
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+	private boolean isAuthenticated(LDAPConnection ldapConnection, String userDn, String password) {
+		try {
+			// Binding will stop any LDAP-Injection Attacks since the searched-for user needs to bind to that DN
+			ldapConnection.bind(userDn, password);
+			return true;
+		} catch (LDAPException e) {
+			logger.error("Error authenticating user", e);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a simple username without any domain prefixes.
+	 *
+	 * @param username
+	 * @return a simple username
+	 */
+	protected String getSimpleUsername(String username) {
+		int lastSlash = username.lastIndexOf('\\');
+		if (lastSlash > -1) {
+			username = username.substring(lastSlash + 1);
+		}
+
+		return username;
+	}
+
+	// From: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Preventing_LDAP_Injection_in_Java
+	public static final String escapeLDAPSearchFilter(String filter) {
+		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+		for (int i = 0; i < filter.length(); i++) {
+			char curChar = filter.charAt(i);
+			switch (curChar) {
+			case '\\':
+				sb.append("\\5c");
+				break;
+			case '*':
+				sb.append("\\2a");
+				break;
+			case '(':
+				sb.append("\\28");
+				break;
+			case ')':
+				sb.append("\\29");
+				break;
+			case '\u0000':
+				sb.append("\\00");
+				break;
+			default:
+				sb.append(curChar);
+			}
+		}
+		return sb.toString();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/PAMUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/PAMAuthProvider.java
index db569fbf..bbc82d84 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/PAMUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/PAMAuthProvider.java
@@ -1,143 +1,126 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.

- *

- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

- * You may obtain a copy of the License at

- *

- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

- *

- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

- * limitations under the License.

- */

-package com.gitblit;

-

-import java.io.File;

-

-import org.jvnet.libpam.PAM;

-import org.jvnet.libpam.PAMException;

-import org.jvnet.libpam.impl.CLibrary;

-import org.slf4j.Logger;

-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

-import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;

-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

-

-/**

- * Implementation of a PAM user service for Linux/Unix/MacOSX.

- *

- * @author James Moger

- */

-public class PAMUserService extends GitblitUserService {

-

-    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PAMUserService.class);

-

-    private IStoredSettings settings;

-

-    public PAMUserService() {

-        super();

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {

-        this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

-

-        String file = settings.getString(Keys.realm.pam.backingUserService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");

-        File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);

-

-        serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);

-        logger.info("PAM User Service backed by " + serviceImpl.toString());

-

-        // Try to identify the passwd database

-        String [] files = { "/etc/shadow", "/etc/master.passwd" };

-		File passwdFile = null;

-		for (String name : files) {

-			File f = new File(name);

-			if (f.exists()) {

-				passwdFile = f;

-				break;

-			}

-		}

-		if (passwdFile == null) {

-			logger.error("PAM User Service could not find a passwd database!");

-		} else if (!passwdFile.canRead()) {

-			logger.error("PAM User Service can not read passwd database {}! PAM authentications may fail!", passwdFile);

-		}

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-        return true;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-        return true;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-        return true;

-    }

-

-	 @Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		return AccountType.PAM;

-	}

-

-    @Override

-    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		if (isLocalAccount(username)) {

-			// local account, bypass PAM authentication

-			return super.authenticate(username, password);

-		}

-

-		if (CLibrary.libc.getpwnam(username) == null) {

-			logger.warn("Can not get PAM passwd for " + username);

-			return null;

-		}

-

-		PAM pam = null;

-		try {

-			String serviceName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.pam.serviceName, "system-auth");

-			pam = new PAM(serviceName);

-			pam.authenticate(username, new String(password));

-		} catch (PAMException e) {

-			logger.error(e.getMessage());

-			return null;

-		} finally {

-			pam.dispose();

-		}

-

-        UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user

-        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());

-

-        // create a user cookie

-        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

-        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));

-        }

-

-        // update user attributes from UnixUser

-        user.accountType = getAccountType();

-        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;

-

-        // TODO consider mapping PAM groups to teams

-

-        // push the changes to the backing user service

-        super.updateUserModel(user);

-

-        return user;

-    }

-}

+/*
+ * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.auth;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+import org.jvnet.libpam.PAM;
+import org.jvnet.libpam.PAMException;
+import org.jvnet.libpam.impl.CLibrary;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of PAM authentication for Linux/Unix/MacOSX.
+ *
+ * @author James Moger
+ */
+public class PAMAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
+
+    public PAMAuthProvider() {
+        super("pam");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() {
+        // Try to identify the passwd database
+        String [] files = { "/etc/shadow", "/etc/master.passwd" };
+		File passwdFile = null;
+		for (String name : files) {
+			File f = new File(name);
+			if (f.exists()) {
+				passwdFile = f;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (passwdFile == null) {
+			logger.error("PAM Authentication could not find a passwd database!");
+		} else if (!passwdFile.canRead()) {
+			logger.error("PAM Authentication can not read passwd database {}! PAM authentications may fail!", passwdFile);
+		}
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+	 @Override
+	public AccountType getAccountType() {
+		return AccountType.PAM;
+	}
+
+    @Override
+    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+		if (CLibrary.libc.getpwnam(username) == null) {
+			logger.warn("Can not get PAM passwd for " + username);
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		PAM pam = null;
+		try {
+			String serviceName = settings.getString(Keys.realm.pam.serviceName, "system-auth");
+			pam = new PAM(serviceName);
+			pam.authenticate(username, new String(password));
+		} catch (PAMException e) {
+			logger.error(e.getMessage());
+			return null;
+		} finally {
+			pam.dispose();
+		}
+
+        UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user
+        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());
+
+        // create a user cookie
+        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {
+        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));
+        }
+
+        // update user attributes from UnixUser
+        user.accountType = getAccountType();
+        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
+
+        // TODO consider mapping PAM groups to teams
+
+        // push the changes to the backing user service
+        updateUser(user);
+
+        return user;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/RedmineUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/RedmineAuthProvider.java
index 7c38ef2f..176c576b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/RedmineUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/RedmineAuthProvider.java
@@ -1,203 +1,186 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 2012 gitblit.com.

- *

- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

- * You may obtain a copy of the License at

- *

- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

- *

- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

- * limitations under the License.

- */

-package com.gitblit;

-

-import java.io.File;

-import java.io.IOException;

-import java.io.InputStreamReader;

-import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

-

-import org.apache.wicket.util.io.IOUtils;

-import org.slf4j.Logger;

-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

-import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;

-import com.gitblit.utils.ConnectionUtils;

-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

-import com.google.gson.Gson;

-

-/**

- * Implementation of an Redmine user service.<br>

- * you can login to gitblit with Redmine user id and api key.

- */

-public class RedmineUserService extends GitblitUserService {

-

-    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedmineUserService.class);

-

-    private IStoredSettings settings;

-

-    private String testingJson;

-

-    private class RedmineCurrent {

-        private class RedmineUser {

-            public String login;

-            public String firstname;

-            public String lastname;

-            public String mail;

-        }

-

-        public RedmineUser user;

-    }

-

-    public RedmineUserService() {

-        super();

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {

-        this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

-

-        String file = settings.getString(Keys.realm.redmine.backingUserService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");

-        File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);

-

-        serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);

-        logger.info("Redmine User Service backed by " + serviceImpl.toString());

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-	 @Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		return AccountType.REDMINE;

-	}

-

-    @Override

-    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		if (isLocalAccount(username)) {

-			// local account, bypass Redmine authentication

-			return super.authenticate(username, password);

-		}

-

-        String jsonString = null;

-        try {

-        	// first attempt by username/password

-        	jsonString = getCurrentUserAsJson(username, password);

-        } catch (Exception e1) {

-        	logger.warn("Failed to authenticate via username/password against Redmine");

-        	try {

-        		// second attempt is by apikey

-        		jsonString = getCurrentUserAsJson(null, password);

-        		username = null;

-        	} catch (Exception e2) {

-        		logger.error("Failed to authenticate via apikey against Redmine", e2);

-        		return null;

-        	}

-        }

-

-        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonString)) {

-        	logger.error("Received empty authentication response from Redmine");

-        	return null;

-        }

-

-        RedmineCurrent current = null;

-        try {

-        	current = new Gson().fromJson(jsonString, RedmineCurrent.class);

-        } catch (Exception e) {

-        	logger.error("Failed to deserialize Redmine json response: " + jsonString, e);

-        	return null;

-        }

-

-        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {

-        	// if the username has been reset because of apikey authentication

-        	// then use the email address of the user. this is the original

-        	// behavior as contributed by github/mallowlabs

-        	username = current.user.mail;

-        }

-

-        UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user

-        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());

-

-        // create a user cookie

-        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

-        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));

-        }

-

-        // update user attributes from Redmine

-        user.accountType = getAccountType();

-        user.displayName = current.user.firstname + " " + current.user.lastname;

-        user.emailAddress = current.user.mail;

-        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;

-        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(current.user.login)) {

-        	// only admin users can get login name

-        	// evidently this is an undocumented behavior of Redmine

-        	user.canAdmin = true;

-        }

-

-        // TODO consider Redmine group mapping for team membership

-        // http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/Rest_Users

-

-        // push the changes to the backing user service

-        super.updateUserModel(user);

-

-        return user;

-    }

-

-    private String getCurrentUserAsJson(String username, char [] password) throws IOException {

-        if (testingJson != null) { // for testing

-            return testingJson;

-        }

-

-        String url = this.settings.getString(Keys.realm.redmine.url, "");

-        if (!url.endsWith("/")) {

-        	url = url.concat("/");

-        }

-        HttpURLConnection http;

-        if (username == null) {

-        	// apikey authentication

-        	String apiKey = String.valueOf(password);

-        	String apiUrl = url + "users/current.json?key=" + apiKey;

-        	http = (HttpURLConnection) ConnectionUtils.openConnection(apiUrl, null, null);

-        } else {

-        	// username/password BASIC authentication

-        	String apiUrl = url + "users/current.json";

-        	http = (HttpURLConnection) ConnectionUtils.openConnection(apiUrl, username, password);

-        }

-        http.setRequestMethod("GET");

-        http.connect();

-        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(http.getInputStream());

-        return IOUtils.toString(reader);

-    }

-

-    /**

-     * set json response. do NOT invoke from production code.

-     * @param json json

-     */

-    public void setTestingCurrentUserAsJson(String json) {

-        this.testingJson = json;

-    }

-}

+/*
+ * Copyright 2012 gitblit.com.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.auth;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
+
+import org.apache.wicket.util.io.IOUtils;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.ConnectionUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of Redmine authentication.<br>
+ * you can login to gitblit with Redmine user id and api key.
+ */
+public class RedmineAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
+
+    private String testingJson;
+
+    private class RedmineCurrent {
+        private class RedmineUser {
+            public String login;
+            public String firstname;
+            public String lastname;
+            public String mail;
+        }
+
+        public RedmineUser user;
+    }
+
+    public RedmineAuthProvider() {
+        super("redmine");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+	 @Override
+	public AccountType getAccountType() {
+		return AccountType.REDMINE;
+	}
+
+    @Override
+    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+        String jsonString = null;
+        try {
+        	// first attempt by username/password
+        	jsonString = getCurrentUserAsJson(username, password);
+        } catch (Exception e1) {
+        	logger.warn("Failed to authenticate via username/password against Redmine");
+        	try {
+        		// second attempt is by apikey
+        		jsonString = getCurrentUserAsJson(null, password);
+        		username = null;
+        	} catch (Exception e2) {
+        		logger.error("Failed to authenticate via apikey against Redmine", e2);
+        		return null;
+        	}
+        }
+
+        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonString)) {
+        	logger.error("Received empty authentication response from Redmine");
+        	return null;
+        }
+
+        RedmineCurrent current = null;
+        try {
+        	current = new Gson().fromJson(jsonString, RedmineCurrent.class);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+        	logger.error("Failed to deserialize Redmine json response: " + jsonString, e);
+        	return null;
+        }
+
+        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
+        	// if the username has been reset because of apikey authentication
+        	// then use the email address of the user. this is the original
+        	// behavior as contributed by github/mallowlabs
+        	username = current.user.mail;
+        }
+
+        UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user
+        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());
+
+        // create a user cookie
+        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {
+        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));
+        }
+
+        // update user attributes from Redmine
+        user.accountType = getAccountType();
+        user.displayName = current.user.firstname + " " + current.user.lastname;
+        user.emailAddress = current.user.mail;
+        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
+        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(current.user.login)) {
+        	// only admin users can get login name
+        	// evidently this is an undocumented behavior of Redmine
+        	user.canAdmin = true;
+        }
+
+        // TODO consider Redmine group mapping for team membership
+        // http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/Rest_Users
+
+        // push the changes to the backing user service
+        updateUser(user);
+
+        return user;
+    }
+
+    private String getCurrentUserAsJson(String username, char [] password) throws IOException {
+        if (testingJson != null) { // for testing
+            return testingJson;
+        }
+
+        String url = this.settings.getString(Keys.realm.redmine.url, "");
+        if (!url.endsWith("/")) {
+        	url = url.concat("/");
+        }
+        HttpURLConnection http;
+        if (username == null) {
+        	// apikey authentication
+        	String apiKey = String.valueOf(password);
+        	String apiUrl = url + "users/current.json?key=" + apiKey;
+        	http = (HttpURLConnection) ConnectionUtils.openConnection(apiUrl, null, null);
+        } else {
+        	// username/password BASIC authentication
+        	String apiUrl = url + "users/current.json";
+        	http = (HttpURLConnection) ConnectionUtils.openConnection(apiUrl, username, password);
+        }
+        http.setRequestMethod("GET");
+        http.connect();
+        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(http.getInputStream());
+        return IOUtils.toString(reader);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * set json response. do NOT invoke from production code.
+     * @param json json
+     */
+    public void setTestingCurrentUserAsJson(String json) {
+        this.testingJson = json;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/SalesforceUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/SalesforceAuthProvider.java
index 6161ba93..fdda32af 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/SalesforceUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/SalesforceAuthProvider.java
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
-package com.gitblit;
-
-import java.io.File;
-
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+package com.gitblit.auth;
 
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
@@ -16,10 +13,11 @@ import com.sforce.soap.partner.PartnerConnection;
 import com.sforce.ws.ConnectionException;
 import com.sforce.ws.ConnectorConfig;
 
-public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
+public class SalesforceAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
 
-	public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SalesforceUserService.class);
-	private IStoredSettings settings;
+	public SalesforceAuthProvider() {
+		super("salesforce");
+	}
 
 	@Override
 	public AccountType getAccountType() {
@@ -27,26 +25,11 @@ public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {
-		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
-		String file = settings.getString(
-				Keys.realm.salesforce.backingUserService,
-				"${baseFolder}/users.conf");
-		File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);
-
-		serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);
-
-		logger.info("Salesforce User Service backed by "
-				+ serviceImpl.toString());
+	public void setup() {
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
-		if (isLocalAccount(username)) {
-			// local account, bypass Salesforce authentication
-			return super.authenticate(username, password);
-		}
-
 		ConnectorConfig config = new ConnectorConfig();
 		config.setUsername(username);
 		config.setPassword(new String(password));
@@ -78,7 +61,7 @@ public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
 
 			UserModel user = null;
 			synchronized (this) {
-				user = getUserModel(simpleUsername);
+				user = userManager.getUserModel(simpleUsername);
 				if (user == null)
 					user = new UserModel(simpleUsername);
 
@@ -90,7 +73,7 @@ public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
 
 				setUserAttributes(user, info);
 
-				super.updateUserModel(user);
+				updateUser(user);
 			}
 
 			return user;
@@ -122,6 +105,7 @@ public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
 		return email.split("@")[0];
 	}
 
+
 	@Override
 	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
 		return false;
@@ -136,4 +120,9 @@ public class SalesforceUserService extends GitblitUserService {
 	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
 		return false;
 	}
+
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+		return true;
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/WindowsUserService.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/WindowsAuthProvider.java
index 99077c67..d455d58f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/WindowsUserService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/auth/WindowsAuthProvider.java
@@ -1,195 +1,177 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.

- *

- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

- * You may obtain a copy of the License at

- *

- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

- *

- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

- * limitations under the License.

- */

-package com.gitblit;

-

-import java.io.File;

-import java.util.Set;

-import java.util.TreeSet;

-

-import org.slf4j.Logger;

-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-

-import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsAccount;

-import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsAuthProvider;

-import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsComputer;

-import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsIdentity;

-import waffle.windows.auth.impl.WindowsAuthProviderImpl;

-

-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

-import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

-import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;

-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

-import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Win32Exception;

-

-/**

- * Implementation of a Windows user service.

- *

- * @author James Moger

- */

-public class WindowsUserService extends GitblitUserService {

-

-    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WindowsUserService.class);

-

-    private IStoredSettings settings;

-

-    private IWindowsAuthProvider waffle;

-

-    public WindowsUserService() {

-        super();

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {

-        this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

-

-        String file = settings.getString(Keys.realm.windows.backingUserService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");

-        File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(file);

-

-        serviceImpl = createUserService(realmFile);

-        logger.info("Windows User Service backed by " + serviceImpl.toString());

-

-        waffle = new WindowsAuthProviderImpl();

-        IWindowsComputer computer = waffle.getCurrentComputer();

-        logger.info("      name = " + computer.getComputerName());

-        logger.info("    status = " + describeJoinStatus(computer.getJoinStatus()));

-        logger.info("  memberOf = " + computer.getMemberOf());

-        //logger.info("  groups     = " + Arrays.asList(computer.getGroups()));

-    }

-

-    protected String describeJoinStatus(String value) {

-    	if ("NetSetupUnknownStatus".equals(value)) {

-    		return "unknown";

-    	} else if ("NetSetupUnjoined".equals(value)) {

-    		return "not joined";

-    	} else if ("NetSetupWorkgroupName".equals(value)) {

-    		return "joined to a workgroup";

-    	} else if ("NetSetupDomainName".equals(value)) {

-    		return "joined to a domain";

-    	}

-    	return value;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {

-        return false;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {

-        return true;

-    }

-

-    @Override

-    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {

-        return true;

-    }

-

-	 @Override

-	public AccountType getAccountType() {

-		return AccountType.WINDOWS;

-	}

-

-    @Override

-    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {

-		if (isLocalAccount(username)) {

-			// local account, bypass Windows authentication

-			return super.authenticate(username, password);

-		}

-

-		String defaultDomain = settings.getString(Keys.realm.windows.defaultDomain, null);

-		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(defaultDomain)) {

-			// ensure that default domain is null

-			defaultDomain = null;

-		}

-

-		if (defaultDomain != null) {

-			// sanitize username

-			if (username.startsWith(defaultDomain + "\\")) {

-				// strip default domain from domain\ username

-				username = username.substring(defaultDomain.length() + 1);

-			} else if (username.endsWith("@" + defaultDomain)) {

-				// strip default domain from username@domain

-				username = username.substring(0, username.lastIndexOf('@'));

-			}

-		}

-

-		IWindowsIdentity identity = null;

-		try {

-			if (username.indexOf('@') > -1 || username.indexOf('\\') > -1) {

-				// manually specified domain

-				identity = waffle.logonUser(username, new String(password));

-			} else {

-				// no domain specified, use default domain

-				identity = waffle.logonDomainUser(username, defaultDomain, new String(password));

-			}

-		} catch (Win32Exception e) {

-			logger.error(e.getMessage());

-			return null;

-		}

-

-		if (identity.isGuest() && !settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.windows.allowGuests, false)) {

-			logger.warn("Guest account access is disabled");

-			identity.dispose();

-			return null;

-		}

-

-        UserModel user = getUserModel(username);

-        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user

-        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());

-

-        // create a user cookie

-        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

-        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));

-        }

-

-        // update user attributes from Windows identity

-        user.accountType = getAccountType();

-        String fqn = identity.getFqn();

-        if (fqn.indexOf('\\') > -1) {

-        	user.displayName = fqn.substring(fqn.lastIndexOf('\\') + 1);

-        } else {

-        	user.displayName = fqn;

-        }

-        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;

-

-        Set<String> groupNames = new TreeSet<String>();

-       	for (IWindowsAccount group : identity.getGroups()) {

-       		groupNames.add(group.getFqn());

-        }

-

-        if (groupNames.contains("BUILTIN\\Administrators")) {

-        	// local administrator

-        	user.canAdmin = true;

-        }

-

-        // TODO consider mapping Windows groups to teams

-

-        // push the changes to the backing user service

-        super.updateUserModel(user);

-

-

-        // cleanup resources

-        identity.dispose();

-

-        return user;

-    }

-}

+/*
+ * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.auth;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+
+import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsAccount;
+import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsAuthProvider;
+import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsComputer;
+import waffle.windows.auth.IWindowsIdentity;
+import waffle.windows.auth.impl.WindowsAuthProviderImpl;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+import com.gitblit.utils.ArrayUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
+import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Win32Exception;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of a Windows authentication provider.
+ *
+ * @author James Moger
+ */
+public class WindowsAuthProvider extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider {
+
+    private IWindowsAuthProvider waffle;
+
+    public WindowsAuthProvider() {
+        super("windows");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() {
+
+        waffle = new WindowsAuthProviderImpl();
+        IWindowsComputer computer = waffle.getCurrentComputer();
+        logger.info("Windows Authentication Provider");
+        logger.info("      name = " + computer.getComputerName());
+        logger.info("    status = " + describeJoinStatus(computer.getJoinStatus()));
+        logger.info("  memberOf = " + computer.getMemberOf());
+        //logger.info("  groups     = " + Arrays.asList(computer.getGroups()));
+    }
+
+    protected String describeJoinStatus(String value) {
+    	if ("NetSetupUnknownStatus".equals(value)) {
+    		return "unknown";
+    	} else if ("NetSetupUnjoined".equals(value)) {
+    		return "not joined";
+    	} else if ("NetSetupWorkgroupName".equals(value)) {
+    		return "joined to a workgroup";
+    	} else if ("NetSetupDomainName".equals(value)) {
+    		return "joined to a domain";
+    	}
+    	return value;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsCredentialChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+	 @Override
+	public AccountType getAccountType() {
+		return AccountType.WINDOWS;
+	}
+
+    @Override
+    public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+		String defaultDomain = settings.getString(Keys.realm.windows.defaultDomain, null);
+		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(defaultDomain)) {
+			// ensure that default domain is null
+			defaultDomain = null;
+		}
+
+		if (defaultDomain != null) {
+			// sanitize username
+			if (username.startsWith(defaultDomain + "\\")) {
+				// strip default domain from domain\ username
+				username = username.substring(defaultDomain.length() + 1);
+			} else if (username.endsWith("@" + defaultDomain)) {
+				// strip default domain from username@domain
+				username = username.substring(0, username.lastIndexOf('@'));
+			}
+		}
+
+		IWindowsIdentity identity = null;
+		try {
+			if (username.indexOf('@') > -1 || username.indexOf('\\') > -1) {
+				// manually specified domain
+				identity = waffle.logonUser(username, new String(password));
+			} else {
+				// no domain specified, use default domain
+				identity = waffle.logonDomainUser(username, defaultDomain, new String(password));
+			}
+		} catch (Win32Exception e) {
+			logger.error(e.getMessage());
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		if (identity.isGuest() && !settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.windows.allowGuests, false)) {
+			logger.warn("Guest account access is disabled");
+			identity.dispose();
+			return null;
+		}
+
+        UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+        if (user == null)	// create user object for new authenticated user
+        	user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());
+
+        // create a user cookie
+        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.cookie) && !ArrayUtils.isEmpty(password)) {
+        	user.cookie = StringUtils.getSHA1(user.username + new String(password));
+        }
+
+        // update user attributes from Windows identity
+        user.accountType = getAccountType();
+        String fqn = identity.getFqn();
+        if (fqn.indexOf('\\') > -1) {
+        	user.displayName = fqn.substring(fqn.lastIndexOf('\\') + 1);
+        } else {
+        	user.displayName = fqn;
+        }
+        user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
+
+        Set<String> groupNames = new TreeSet<String>();
+       	for (IWindowsAccount group : identity.getGroups()) {
+       		groupNames.add(group.getFqn());
+        }
+
+        if (groupNames.contains("BUILTIN\\Administrators")) {
+        	// local administrator
+        	user.canAdmin = true;
+        }
+
+        // TODO consider mapping Windows groups to teams
+
+        // push the changes to the backing user service
+        updateUser(user);
+
+        // cleanup resources
+        identity.dispose();
+
+        return user;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditTeamDialog.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditTeamDialog.java
index 3c0b928c..0b5b3505 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditTeamDialog.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditTeamDialog.java
@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ public class EditTeamDialog extends JDialog {
 		final Insets _insets = new Insets(5, 5, 5, 5);

 		repositoryPalette = new RegistrantPermissionsPanel(RegistrantType.REPOSITORY);

 		userPalette = new JPalette<String>();

-		userPalette.setEnabled(settings.supportsTeamMembershipChanges);

 

 		JPanel fieldsPanelTop = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

 		fieldsPanelTop.add(fieldsPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditUserDialog.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditUserDialog.java
index fd5cf79d..2936a29d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditUserDialog.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/client/EditUserDialog.java
@@ -161,18 +161,9 @@ public class EditUserDialog extends JDialog {
 		countryCodeField = new JTextField(anUser.countryCode == null ? "" : anUser.countryCode, 15);

 

 		// credentials are optionally controlled by 3rd-party authentication

-		usernameField.setEnabled(settings.supportsCredentialChanges);

-		passwordField.setEnabled(settings.supportsCredentialChanges);

-		confirmPasswordField.setEnabled(settings.supportsCredentialChanges);

-

-		displayNameField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

-		emailAddressField.setEnabled(settings.supportsEmailAddressChanges);

-

-		organizationalUnitField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

-		organizationField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

-		localityField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

-		stateProvinceField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

-		countryCodeField.setEnabled(settings.supportsDisplayNameChanges);

+		usernameField.setEnabled(anUser.isLocalAccount());

+		passwordField.setEnabled(anUser.isLocalAccount());

+		confirmPasswordField.setEnabled(anUser.isLocalAccount());

 

 		JPanel fieldsPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));

 		fieldsPanel.add(newFieldPanel(Translation.get("gb.username"), usernameField));

@@ -196,7 +187,6 @@ public class EditUserDialog extends JDialog {
 		final Insets _insets = new Insets(5, 5, 5, 5);

 		repositoryPalette = new RegistrantPermissionsPanel(RegistrantType.REPOSITORY);

 		teamsPalette = new JPalette<TeamModel>();

-		teamsPalette.setEnabled(settings.supportsTeamMembershipChanges);

 

 		JPanel fieldsPanelTop = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

 		fieldsPanelTop.add(fieldsPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/git/GitblitUploadPackFactory.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/git/GitblitUploadPackFactory.java
index 2afdde1d..d4e3ca15 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/git/GitblitUploadPackFactory.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/git/GitblitUploadPackFactory.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.resolver.ServiceNotAuthorizedException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.resolver.ServiceNotEnabledException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.resolver.UploadPackFactory;
 
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 
 /**
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
  */
 public class GitblitUploadPackFactory<X> implements UploadPackFactory<X> {
 
-	private final ISessionManager sessionManager;
+	private final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
 
-	public GitblitUploadPackFactory(ISessionManager sessionManager) {
-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;
+	public GitblitUploadPackFactory(IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
 	}
 
 	@Override
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class GitblitUploadPackFactory<X> implements UploadPackFactory<X> {
 
 		if (req instanceof HttpServletRequest) {
 			// http/https request may or may not be authenticated
-			user = sessionManager.authenticate((HttpServletRequest) req);
+			user = authenticationManager.authenticate((HttpServletRequest) req);
 			if (user == null) {
 				user = UserModel.ANONYMOUS;
 			}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/AuthenticationManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/AuthenticationManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6e541c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/AuthenticationManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.gitblit.manager;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.security.Principal;
+import java.text.MessageFormat;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+
+import org.apache.wicket.RequestCycle;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import com.gitblit.Constants;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
+import com.gitblit.Constants.AuthenticationType;
+import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;
+import com.gitblit.Keys;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.AuthenticationProvider.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.HtpasswdAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.LdapAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.PAMAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.RedmineAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.SalesforceAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.auth.WindowsAuthProvider;
+import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
+import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+import com.gitblit.utils.Base64;
+import com.gitblit.utils.HttpUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
+import com.gitblit.utils.X509Utils.X509Metadata;
+import com.gitblit.wicket.GitBlitWebSession;
+
+/**
+ * The authentication manager handles user login & logout.
+ *
+ * @author James Moger
+ *
+ */
+public class AuthenticationManager implements IAuthenticationManager {
+
+	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
+
+	private final IStoredSettings settings;
+
+	private final IRuntimeManager runtimeManager;
+
+	private final IUserManager userManager;
+
+	private final List<AuthenticationProvider> authenticationProviders;
+
+	private final Map<String, Class<? extends AuthenticationProvider>> providerNames;
+
+	private final Map<String, String> legacyRedirects;
+
+	public AuthenticationManager(
+			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
+			IUserManager userManager) {
+
+		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
+		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
+		this.userManager = userManager;
+		this.authenticationProviders = new ArrayList<AuthenticationProvider>();
+
+		// map of shortcut provider names
+		providerNames = new HashMap<String, Class<? extends AuthenticationProvider>>();
+		providerNames.put("htpasswd", HtpasswdAuthProvider.class);
+		providerNames.put("ldap", LdapAuthProvider.class);
+		providerNames.put("pam", PAMAuthProvider.class);
+		providerNames.put("redmine", RedmineAuthProvider.class);
+		providerNames.put("salesforce", SalesforceAuthProvider.class);
+		providerNames.put("windows", WindowsAuthProvider.class);
+
+		// map of legacy external user services
+		legacyRedirects = new HashMap<String, String>();
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.HtpasswdUserService", "htpasswd");
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.LdapUserService", "ldap");
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.PAMUserService", "pam");
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.RedmineUserService", "redmine");
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.SalesforceUserService", "salesforce");
+		legacyRedirects.put("com.gitblit.WindowsUserService", "windows");
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public AuthenticationManager start() {
+		// automatically adjust legacy configurations
+		String realm = settings.getString(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");
+		if (legacyRedirects.containsKey(realm)) {
+			logger.warn("");
+			logger.warn("#################################################################");
+			logger.warn(" IUserService '{}' is obsolete!", realm);
+			logger.warn(" Please set '{}={}'", "realm.authenticationProviders", legacyRedirects.get(realm));
+			logger.warn("#################################################################");
+			logger.warn("");
+
+			// conditionally override specified authentication providers
+			if (StringUtils.isEmpty(settings.getString(Keys.realm.authenticationProviders, null))) {
+				settings.overrideSetting(Keys.realm.authenticationProviders, legacyRedirects.get(realm));
+			}
+		}
+
+		// instantiate and setup specified authentication providers
+		List<String> providers = settings.getStrings(Keys.realm.authenticationProviders);
+		if (providers.isEmpty()) {
+			logger.info("External authentication disabled.");
+		} else {
+			for (String provider : providers) {
+				try {
+					Class<?> authClass;
+					if (providerNames.containsKey(provider)) {
+						// map the name -> class
+						authClass = providerNames.get(provider);
+					} else {
+						// reflective lookup
+						authClass = Class.forName(provider);
+					}
+					logger.info("setting up {}", authClass.getName());
+					AuthenticationProvider authImpl = (AuthenticationProvider) authClass.newInstance();
+					authImpl.setup(runtimeManager, userManager);
+					authenticationProviders.add(authImpl);
+				} catch (Exception e) {
+					logger.error("", e);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public AuthenticationManager stop() {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Authenticate a user based on HTTP request parameters.
+	 *
+	 * Authentication by X509Certificate is tried first and then by cookie.
+	 *
+	 * @param httpRequest
+	 * @return a user object or null
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest) {
+		return authenticate(httpRequest, false);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Authenticate a user based on HTTP request parameters.
+	 *
+	 * Authentication by servlet container principal, X509Certificate, cookie,
+	 * and finally BASIC header.
+	 *
+	 * @param httpRequest
+	 * @param requiresCertificate
+	 * @return a user object or null
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest, boolean requiresCertificate) {
+		// try to authenticate by servlet container principal
+		if (!requiresCertificate) {
+			Principal principal = httpRequest.getUserPrincipal();
+			if (principal != null) {
+				String username = principal.getName();
+				if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
+					boolean internalAccount = isInternalAccount(username);
+					UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
+					if (user != null) {
+						// existing user
+						flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CONTAINER);
+						logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by servlet container principal from {1}",
+								user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+						return user;
+					} else if (settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.container.autoCreateAccounts, false)
+							&& !internalAccount) {
+						// auto-create user from an authenticated container principal
+						user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());
+						user.displayName = username;
+						user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
+						user.accountType = AccountType.CONTAINER;
+						userManager.updateUserModel(user);
+						flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CONTAINER);
+						logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated and created by servlet container principal from {1}",
+								user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+						return user;
+					} else if (!internalAccount) {
+						logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed to find UserModel for {0}, attempted servlet container authentication from {1}",
+								principal.getName(), httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// try to authenticate by certificate
+		boolean checkValidity = settings.getBoolean(Keys.git.enforceCertificateValidity, true);
+		String [] oids = settings.getStrings(Keys.git.certificateUsernameOIDs).toArray(new String[0]);
+		UserModel model = HttpUtils.getUserModelFromCertificate(httpRequest, checkValidity, oids);
+		if (model != null) {
+			// grab real user model and preserve certificate serial number
+			UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(model.username);
+			X509Metadata metadata = HttpUtils.getCertificateMetadata(httpRequest);
+			if (user != null) {
+				flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CERTIFICATE);
+				logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by client certificate {1} from {2}",
+						user.username, metadata.serialNumber, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+				return user;
+			} else {
+				logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed to find UserModel for {0}, attempted client certificate ({1}) authentication from {2}",
+						model.username, metadata.serialNumber, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (requiresCertificate) {
+			// caller requires client certificate authentication (e.g. git servlet)
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		// try to authenticate by cookie
+		UserModel user = authenticate(httpRequest.getCookies());
+		if (user != null) {
+			flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.COOKIE);
+			logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by cookie from {1}",
+					user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+			return user;
+		}
+
+		// try to authenticate by BASIC
+		final String authorization = httpRequest.getHeader("Authorization");
+		if (authorization != null && authorization.startsWith("Basic")) {
+			// Authorization: Basic base64credentials
+			String base64Credentials = authorization.substring("Basic".length()).trim();
+			String credentials = new String(Base64.decode(base64Credentials),
+					Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
+			// credentials = username:password
+			final String[] values = credentials.split(":", 2);
+
+			if (values.length == 2) {
+				String username = values[0];
+				char[] password = values[1].toCharArray();
+				user = authenticate(username, password);
+				if (user != null) {
+					flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CREDENTIALS);
+					logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by BASIC request header from {1}",
+							user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+					return user;
+				} else {
+					logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed login attempt for {0}, invalid credentials from {1}",
+							username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.
+	 *
+	 * @param cookies
+	 * @return a user object or null
+	 */
+	protected UserModel authenticate(Cookie[] cookies) {
+		if (settings.getBoolean(Keys.web.allowCookieAuthentication, true)) {
+			if (cookies != null && cookies.length > 0) {
+				for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
+					if (cookie.getName().equals(Constants.NAME)) {
+						String value = cookie.getValue();
+						return userManager.getUserModel(value.toCharArray());
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	protected void flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType authenticationType) {
+		RequestCycle requestCycle = RequestCycle.get();
+		if (requestCycle != null) {
+			// flag the Wicket session, if this is a Wicket request
+			GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();
+			session.authenticationType = authenticationType;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.
+	 *
+	 * @see IUserService.authenticate(String, char[])
+	 * @param username
+	 * @param password
+	 * @return a user object or null
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
+		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
+			// can not authenticate empty username
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		String usernameDecoded = StringUtils.decodeUsername(username);
+		String pw = new String(password);
+		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(pw)) {
+			// can not authenticate empty password
+			return null;
+		}
+		// check to see if this is the federation user
+//		if (canFederate()) {
+//			if (usernameDecoded.equalsIgnoreCase(Constants.FEDERATION_USER)) {
+//				List<String> tokens = getFederationTokens();
+//				if (tokens.contains(pw)) {
+//					return getFederationUser();
+//				}
+//			}
+//		}
+
+		// try local authentication
+		UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(usernameDecoded);
+		if (user != null) {
+			UserModel returnedUser = null;
+			if (user.password.startsWith(StringUtils.MD5_TYPE)) {
+				// password digest
+				String md5 = StringUtils.MD5_TYPE + StringUtils.getMD5(new String(password));
+				if (user.password.equalsIgnoreCase(md5)) {
+					returnedUser = user;
+				}
+			} else if (user.password.startsWith(StringUtils.COMBINED_MD5_TYPE)) {
+				// username+password digest
+				String md5 = StringUtils.COMBINED_MD5_TYPE
+						+ StringUtils.getMD5(username.toLowerCase() + new String(password));
+				if (user.password.equalsIgnoreCase(md5)) {
+					returnedUser = user;
+				}
+			} else if (user.password.equals(new String(password))) {
+				// plain-text password
+				returnedUser = user;
+			}
+			return returnedUser;
+		}
+
+		// try registered external authentication providers
+		if (user == null) {
+			for (AuthenticationProvider provider : authenticationProviders) {
+				if (provider instanceof UsernamePasswordAuthenticationProvider) {
+					user = provider.authenticate(usernameDecoded, password);
+					if (user != null) {
+						// user authenticated
+						user.accountType = provider.getAccountType();
+						return user;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return user;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets a cookie for the specified user.
+	 *
+	 * @param response
+	 * @param user
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
+		if (settings.getBoolean(Keys.web.allowCookieAuthentication, true)) {
+			GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();
+			boolean standardLogin = session.authenticationType.isStandard();
+
+			if (standardLogin) {
+				Cookie userCookie;
+				if (user == null) {
+					// clear cookie for logout
+					userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, "");
+				} else {
+					// set cookie for login
+					String cookie = userManager.getCookie(user);
+					if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cookie)) {
+						// create empty cookie
+						userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, "");
+					} else {
+						// create real cookie
+						userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, cookie);
+						userCookie.setMaxAge(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+					}
+				}
+				userCookie.setPath("/");
+				response.addCookie(userCookie);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Logout a user.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public void logout(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
+		setCookie(response,  null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's credentials can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports credential changes
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges(UserModel user) {
+		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || findProvider(user).supportsCredentialChanges();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's display name can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports display name changes
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges(UserModel user) {
+		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || findProvider(user).supportsDisplayNameChanges();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's email address can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports email address changes
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges(UserModel user) {
+		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || findProvider(user).supportsEmailAddressChanges();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's team memberships can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports team membership changes
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(UserModel user) {
+		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || findProvider(user).supportsTeamMembershipChanges();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the team memberships can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the team membership can be changed
+	 */
+	@Override
+	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(TeamModel team) {
+		return (team != null && team.isLocalTeam()) || findProvider(team).supportsTeamMembershipChanges();
+	}
+
+	protected AuthenticationProvider findProvider(UserModel user) {
+		for (AuthenticationProvider provider : authenticationProviders) {
+			if (provider.getAccountType().equals(user.accountType)) {
+				return provider;
+			}
+		}
+		return AuthenticationProvider.NULL_PROVIDER;
+	}
+
+	protected AuthenticationProvider findProvider(TeamModel team) {
+		for (AuthenticationProvider provider : authenticationProviders) {
+			if (provider.getAccountType().equals(team.accountType)) {
+				return provider;
+			}
+		}
+		return AuthenticationProvider.NULL_PROVIDER;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the username represents an internal account
+	 *
+	 * @param username
+	 * @return true if the specified username represents an internal account
+	 */
+	protected boolean isInternalAccount(String username) {
+		return !StringUtils.isEmpty(username)
+				&& (username.equalsIgnoreCase(Constants.FEDERATION_USER)
+						|| username.equalsIgnoreCase(UserModel.ANONYMOUS.username));
+	}
+
+//	protected UserModel getFederationUser() {
+//		// the federation user is an administrator
+//		UserModel federationUser = new UserModel(Constants.FEDERATION_USER);
+//		federationUser.canAdmin = true;
+//		return federationUser;
+//	}
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/GitblitManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/GitblitManager.java
index 2e6a33e3..9947382a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/GitblitManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/GitblitManager.java
@@ -101,13 +101,6 @@ public class GitblitManager implements IGitblitManager {
 	 * @return Map<String, SettingModel>
 	 */
 	private void loadSettingModels(ServerSettings settingsModel) {
-		// this entire "supports" concept will go away with user service refactoring
-		UserModel externalUser = new UserModel(Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT);
-		externalUser.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
-		settingsModel.supportsCredentialChanges = userManager.supportsCredentialChanges(externalUser);
-		settingsModel.supportsDisplayNameChanges = userManager.supportsDisplayNameChanges(externalUser);
-		settingsModel.supportsEmailAddressChanges = userManager.supportsEmailAddressChanges(externalUser);
-		settingsModel.supportsTeamMembershipChanges = userManager.supportsTeamMembershipChanges(externalUser);
 		try {
 			// Read bundled Gitblit properties to extract setting descriptions.
 			// This copy is pristine and only used for populating the setting
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/ISessionManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IAuthenticationManager.java
index 29f17096..093f44d9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/ISessionManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IAuthenticationManager.java
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ package com.gitblit.manager;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
+import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 
-public interface ISessionManager extends IManager {
+public interface IAuthenticationManager extends IManager {
 
 	/**
 	 * Authenticate a user based on HTTP request parameters.
@@ -69,4 +70,44 @@ public interface ISessionManager extends IManager {
 	 */
 	void logout(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user);
 
+	/**
+	 * Does the user service support changes to credentials?
+	 *
+	 * @return true or false
+	 * @since 1.0.0
+	 */
+	boolean supportsCredentialChanges(UserModel user);
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's display name can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports display name changes
+	 */
+	boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges(UserModel user);
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's email address can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports email address changes
+	 */
+	boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges(UserModel user);
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the user's team memberships can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the user service supports team membership changes
+	 */
+	boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(UserModel user);
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns true if the team memberships can be changed.
+	 *
+	 * @param user
+	 * @return true if the team memberships can be changed
+	 */
+	boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(TeamModel team);
+
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IUserManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IUserManager.java
index 387a7208..5815bcaf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IUserManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/IUserManager.java
@@ -15,266 +15,9 @@
  */
 package com.gitblit.manager;
 
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.List;
+import com.gitblit.IUserService;
 
-import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
+public interface IUserManager extends IManager, IUserService {
 
-public interface IUserManager extends IManager {
-
-	boolean supportsAddUser();
-
-	/**
-	 * Does the user service support changes to credentials?
-	 *
-	 * @return true or false
-	 * @since 1.0.0
-	 */
-	boolean supportsCredentialChanges(UserModel user);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's display name can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports display name changes
-	 */
-	boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges(UserModel user);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's email address can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports email address changes
-	 */
-	boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges(UserModel user);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's team memberships can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports team membership changes
-	 */
-	boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(UserModel user);
-
-	/**
-	 * Does the user service support cookie authentication?
-	 *
-	 * @return true or false
-	 */
-	boolean supportsCookies();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the cookie value for the specified user.
-	 *
-	 * @param model
-	 * @return cookie value
-	 */
-	String getCookie(UserModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.
-	 *
-	 * @param cookie
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	UserModel authenticate(char[] cookie);
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 * @param password
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password);
-
-	/**
-	 * Logout a user.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 */
-	void logout(UserModel user);
-
-	/**
-	 * Retrieve the user object for the specified username.
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	UserModel getUserModel(String username);
-
-	/**
-	 * Updates/writes a complete user object.
-	 *
-	 * @param model
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 */
-	boolean updateUserModel(UserModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Updates/writes all specified user objects.
-	 *
-	 * @param models a list of user models
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 * @since 1.2.0
-	 */
-	boolean updateUserModels(Collection<UserModel> models);
-
-	/**
-	 * Adds/updates a user object keyed by username. This method allows for
-	 * renaming a user.
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 *            the old username
-	 * @param model
-	 *            the user object to use for username
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 */
-	boolean updateUserModel(String username, UserModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Deletes the user object from the user service.
-	 *
-	 * @param model
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 */
-	boolean deleteUserModel(UserModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Delete the user object with the specified username
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 */
-	boolean deleteUser(String username);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all users available to the login service.
-	 *
-	 * @return list of all usernames
-	 */
-	List<String> getAllUsernames();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all users available to the login service.
-	 *
-	 * @return list of all users
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	List<UserModel> getAllUsers();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all teams available to the login service.
-	 *
-	 * @return list of all teams
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	List<String> getAllTeamNames();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all teams available to the login service.
-	 *
-	 * @return list of all teams
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	List<TeamModel> getAllTeams();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all users who are allowed to bypass the access
-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.
-	 *
-	 * @param role
-	 *            the repository name
-	 * @return list of all usernames that can bypass the access restriction
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	List<String> getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(String role);
-
-	/**
-	 * Retrieve the team object for the specified team name.
-	 *
-	 * @param teamname
-	 * @return a team object or null
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	TeamModel getTeamModel(String teamname);
-
-	/**
-	 * Updates/writes a complete team object.
-	 *
-	 * @param model
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	boolean updateTeamModel(TeamModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Updates/writes all specified team objects.
-	 *
-	 * @param models a list of team models
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 * @since 1.2.0
-	 */
-	boolean updateTeamModels(Collection<TeamModel> models);
-
-	/**
-	 * Updates/writes and replaces a complete team object keyed by teamname.
-	 * This method allows for renaming a team.
-	 *
-	 * @param teamname
-	 *            the old teamname
-	 * @param model
-	 *            the team object to use for teamname
-	 * @return true if update is successful
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	boolean updateTeamModel(String teamname, TeamModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Deletes the team object from the user service.
-	 *
-	 * @param model
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	boolean deleteTeamModel(TeamModel model);
-
-	/**
-	 * Delete the team object with the specified teamname
-	 *
-	 * @param teamname
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	boolean deleteTeam(String teamname);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the list of all users who are allowed to bypass the access
-	 * restriction placed on the specified repository.
-	 *
-	 * @param role
-	 *            the repository name
-	 * @return list of all usernames that can bypass the access restriction
-	 * @since 0.8.0
-	 */
-	List<String> getUsernamesForRepositoryRole(String role);
-
-	/**
-	 * Renames a repository role.
-	 *
-	 * @param oldRole
-	 * @param newRole
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 */
-	boolean renameRepositoryRole(String oldRole, String newRole);
-
-	/**
-	 * Removes a repository role from all users.
-	 *
-	 * @param role
-	 * @return true if successful
-	 */
-	boolean deleteRepositoryRole(String role);
 
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/SessionManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/SessionManager.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a85da89..00000000
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/SessionManager.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,340 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 gitblit.com.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package com.gitblit.manager;
-
-import java.nio.charset.Charset;
-import java.security.Principal;
-import java.text.MessageFormat;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
-import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
-import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
-import org.apache.wicket.RequestCycle;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
-
-import com.gitblit.Constants;
-import com.gitblit.Constants.AuthenticationType;
-import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;
-import com.gitblit.Keys;
-import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
-import com.gitblit.utils.Base64;
-import com.gitblit.utils.HttpUtils;
-import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
-import com.gitblit.utils.X509Utils.X509Metadata;
-import com.gitblit.wicket.GitBlitWebSession;
-
-/**
- * The session manager handles user login & logout.
- *
- * @author James Moger
- *
- */
-public class SessionManager implements ISessionManager {
-
-	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
-
-	private final IStoredSettings settings;
-
-	private final IRuntimeManager runtimeManager;
-
-	private final IUserManager userManager;
-
-	public SessionManager(
-			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
-			IUserManager userManager) {
-
-		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
-		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
-		this.userManager = userManager;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public SessionManager start() {
-		List<String> services = settings.getStrings("realm.authenticationServices");
-		for (String service : services) {
-			// TODO populate authentication services here
-		}
-		return this;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public SessionManager stop() {
-		return this;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on HTTP request parameters.
-	 *
-	 * Authentication by X509Certificate is tried first and then by cookie.
-	 *
-	 * @param httpRequest
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest) {
-		return authenticate(httpRequest, false);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on HTTP request parameters.
-	 *
-	 * Authentication by X509Certificate, servlet container principal, cookie,
-	 * and BASIC header.
-	 *
-	 * @param httpRequest
-	 * @param requiresCertificate
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public UserModel authenticate(HttpServletRequest httpRequest, boolean requiresCertificate) {
-		// try to authenticate by certificate
-		boolean checkValidity = settings.getBoolean(Keys.git.enforceCertificateValidity, true);
-		String [] oids = settings.getStrings(Keys.git.certificateUsernameOIDs).toArray(new String[0]);
-		UserModel model = HttpUtils.getUserModelFromCertificate(httpRequest, checkValidity, oids);
-		if (model != null) {
-			// grab real user model and preserve certificate serial number
-			UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(model.username);
-			X509Metadata metadata = HttpUtils.getCertificateMetadata(httpRequest);
-			if (user != null) {
-				flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CERTIFICATE);
-				logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by client certificate {1} from {2}",
-						user.username, metadata.serialNumber, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-				return user;
-			} else {
-				logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed to find UserModel for {0}, attempted client certificate ({1}) authentication from {2}",
-						model.username, metadata.serialNumber, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (requiresCertificate) {
-			// caller requires client certificate authentication (e.g. git servlet)
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		// try to authenticate by servlet container principal
-		Principal principal = httpRequest.getUserPrincipal();
-		if (principal != null) {
-			String username = principal.getName();
-			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
-				boolean internalAccount = isInternalAccount(username);
-				UserModel user = userManager.getUserModel(username);
-				if (user != null) {
-					// existing user
-					flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CONTAINER);
-					logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by servlet container principal from {1}",
-							user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-					return user;
-				} else if (settings.getBoolean(Keys.realm.container.autoCreateAccounts, false)
-						&& !internalAccount) {
-					// auto-create user from an authenticated container principal
-					user = new UserModel(username.toLowerCase());
-					user.displayName = username;
-					user.password = Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT;
-					userManager.updateUserModel(user);
-					flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CONTAINER);
-					logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated and created by servlet container principal from {1}",
-							user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-					return user;
-				} else if (!internalAccount) {
-					logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed to find UserModel for {0}, attempted servlet container authentication from {1}",
-							principal.getName(), httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// try to authenticate by cookie
-		if (userManager.supportsCookies()) {
-			UserModel user = authenticate(httpRequest.getCookies());
-			if (user != null) {
-				flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.COOKIE);
-				logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by cookie from {1}",
-						user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-				return user;
-			}
-		}
-
-		// try to authenticate by BASIC
-		final String authorization = httpRequest.getHeader("Authorization");
-		if (authorization != null && authorization.startsWith("Basic")) {
-			// Authorization: Basic base64credentials
-			String base64Credentials = authorization.substring("Basic".length()).trim();
-			String credentials = new String(Base64.decode(base64Credentials),
-					Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
-			// credentials = username:password
-			final String[] values = credentials.split(":", 2);
-
-			if (values.length == 2) {
-				String username = values[0];
-				char[] password = values[1].toCharArray();
-				UserModel user = authenticate(username, password);
-				if (user != null) {
-					flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType.CREDENTIALS);
-					logger.debug(MessageFormat.format("{0} authenticated by BASIC request header from {1}",
-							user.username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-					return user;
-				} else {
-					logger.warn(MessageFormat.format("Failed login attempt for {0}, invalid credentials from {1}",
-							username, httpRequest.getRemoteAddr()));
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return null;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.
-	 *
-	 * @param cookies
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	protected UserModel authenticate(Cookie[] cookies) {
-		if (userManager.supportsCookies()) {
-			if (cookies != null && cookies.length > 0) {
-				for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
-					if (cookie.getName().equals(Constants.NAME)) {
-						String value = cookie.getValue();
-						return userManager.authenticate(value.toCharArray());
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return null;
-	}
-
-	protected void flagWicketSession(AuthenticationType authenticationType) {
-		RequestCycle requestCycle = RequestCycle.get();
-		if (requestCycle != null) {
-			// flag the Wicket session, if this is a Wicket request
-			GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();
-			session.authenticationType = authenticationType;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.
-	 *
-	 * @see IUserService.authenticate(String, char[])
-	 * @param username
-	 * @param password
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
-		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
-			// can not authenticate empty username
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		String usernameDecoded = StringUtils.decodeUsername(username);
-		String pw = new String(password);
-		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(pw)) {
-			// can not authenticate empty password
-			return null;
-		}
-		// check to see if this is the federation user
-//		if (canFederate()) {
-//			if (usernameDecoded.equalsIgnoreCase(Constants.FEDERATION_USER)) {
-//				List<String> tokens = getFederationTokens();
-//				if (tokens.contains(pw)) {
-//					return getFederationUser();
-//				}
-//			}
-//		}
-
-		UserModel user = userManager.authenticate(usernameDecoded, password);
-
-		// try registered external authentication providers
-		if (user == null) {
-//			for (AuthenticationService service : authenticationServices) {
-//				if (service instanceof UsernamePasswordAuthenticationService) {
-//					user = service.authenticate(usernameDecoded, password);
-//					if (user != null) {
-//						// user authenticated
-//						user.accountType = service.getAccountType();
-//						return user;
-//					}
-//				}
-//			}
-		}
-		return user;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Sets a cookie for the specified user.
-	 *
-	 * @param response
-	 * @param user
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
-		GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();
-		boolean standardLogin = session.authenticationType.isStandard();
-
-		if (userManager.supportsCookies() && standardLogin) {
-			Cookie userCookie;
-			if (user == null) {
-				// clear cookie for logout
-				userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, "");
-			} else {
-				// set cookie for login
-				String cookie = userManager.getCookie(user);
-				if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cookie)) {
-					// create empty cookie
-					userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, "");
-				} else {
-					// create real cookie
-					userCookie = new Cookie(Constants.NAME, cookie);
-					userCookie.setMaxAge(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-				}
-			}
-			userCookie.setPath("/");
-			response.addCookie(userCookie);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Logout a user.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public void logout(HttpServletResponse response, UserModel user) {
-		setCookie(response,  null);
-		userManager.logout(user);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the username represents an internal account
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 * @return true if the specified username represents an internal account
-	 */
-	protected boolean isInternalAccount(String username) {
-		return !StringUtils.isEmpty(username)
-				&& (username.equalsIgnoreCase(Constants.FEDERATION_USER)
-						|| username.equalsIgnoreCase(UserModel.ANONYMOUS.username));
-	}
-
-//	protected UserModel getFederationUser() {
-//		// the federation user is an administrator
-//		UserModel federationUser = new UserModel(Constants.FEDERATION_USER);
-//		federationUser.canAdmin = true;
-//		return federationUser;
-//	}
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/UserManager.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/UserManager.java
index 90b9d1e2..3ca62e23 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/UserManager.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/manager/UserManager.java
@@ -20,20 +20,19 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import com.gitblit.ConfigUserService;
-import com.gitblit.Constants;
-import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;
 import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;
 import com.gitblit.IUserService;
 import com.gitblit.Keys;
 import com.gitblit.models.TeamModel;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
-import com.gitblit.utils.DeepCopier;
 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -50,37 +49,68 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 
 	private final IRuntimeManager runtimeManager;
 
+	private final Map<String, String> legacyBackingServices;
+
 	private IUserService userService;
 
 	public UserManager(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {
 		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
+
+		// map of legacy realm backing user services
+		legacyBackingServices = new HashMap<String, String>();
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.HtpasswdUserService", "realm.htpasswd.backingUserService");
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.LdapUserService", "realm.ldap.backingUserService");
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.PAMUserService", "realm.pam.backingUserService");
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.RedmineUserService", "realm.redmine.backingUserService");
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.SalesforceUserService", "realm.salesforce.backingUserService");
+		legacyBackingServices.put("com.gitblit.WindowsUserService", "realm.windows.backingUserService");
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Set the user service. The user service authenticates local users and is
-	 * responsible for persisting and retrieving users and teams.
+	 * Set the user service. The user service authenticates *local* users and is
+	 * responsible for persisting and retrieving all users and all teams.
 	 *
 	 * @param userService
 	 */
 	public void setUserService(IUserService userService) {
-		logger.info("UserService: " + userService.toString());
+		logger.info(userService.toString());
 		this.userService = userService;
 		this.userService.setup(runtimeManager);
 	}
 
 	@Override
+	public void setup(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager) {
+		// NOOP
+	}
+
+	@Override
 	public UserManager start() {
 		if (this.userService == null) {
-			String realm = settings.getString(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.properties");
+			String realm = settings.getString(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");
 			IUserService service = null;
-			try {
-				// check to see if this "file" is a login service class
-				Class<?> realmClass = Class.forName(realm);
-				service = (IUserService) realmClass.newInstance();
-			} catch (Throwable t) {
-				File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");
+			if (legacyBackingServices.containsKey(realm)) {
+				// create the user service from the legacy config
+				String realmKey = legacyBackingServices.get(realm);
+				logger.warn("");
+				logger.warn("#################################################################");
+				logger.warn(" Key '{}' is obsolete!", realmKey);
+				logger.warn(" Please set '{}={}'", Keys.realm.userService, settings.getString(realmKey, "${baseFolder}/users.conf"));
+				logger.warn("#################################################################");
+				logger.warn("");
+				File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(realmKey, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");
 				service = createUserService(realmFile);
+			} else {
+				// either a file path OR a custom user service
+				try {
+					// check to see if this "file" is a custom user service class
+					Class<?> realmClass = Class.forName(realm);
+					service = (IUserService) realmClass.newInstance();
+				} catch (Throwable t) {
+					// typical file path configuration
+					File realmFile = runtimeManager.getFileOrFolder(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf");
+					service = createUserService(realmFile);
+				}
 			}
 			setUserService(service);
 		}
@@ -90,7 +120,7 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	protected IUserService createUserService(File realmFile) {
 		IUserService service = null;
 		if (realmFile.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".conf")) {
-			// v0.8.0+ config-based realm file
+			// config-based realm file
 			service = new ConfigUserService(realmFile);
 		}
 
@@ -118,74 +148,6 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 		return this;
 	}
 
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsAddUser() {
-		return supportsCredentialChanges(new UserModel(""));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's credentials can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports credential changes
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges(UserModel user) {
-		if (user == null) {
-			return false;
-		} else if (AccountType.LOCAL.equals(user.accountType)) {
-			// local account, we can change credentials
-			return true;
-		} else {
-			// external account, ask user service
-			return userService.supportsCredentialChanges();
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's display name can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports display name changes
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || userService.supportsDisplayNameChanges();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's email address can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports email address changes
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || userService.supportsEmailAddressChanges();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns true if the user's team memberships can be changed.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 * @return true if the user service supports team membership changes
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges(UserModel user) {
-		return (user != null && user.isLocalAccount()) || userService.supportsTeamMembershipChanges();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Allow to understand if GitBlit supports and is configured to allow
-	 * cookie-based authentication.
-	 *
-	 * @return status of Cookie authentication enablement.
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public boolean supportsCookies() {
-		return settings.getBoolean(Keys.web.allowCookieAuthentication, true) && userService.supportsCookies();
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Returns the cookie value for the specified user.
 	 *
@@ -198,47 +160,18 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on a username and password.
-	 *
-	 * @param username
-	 * @param password
-	 * @return a user object or null
-	 */
-
-	@Override
-	public UserModel authenticate(String username, char[] password) {
-		UserModel user = userService.authenticate(username, password);
-		setAccountType(user);
-		return user;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Authenticate a user based on their cookie.
+	 * Retrieve the user object for the specified cookie.
 	 *
 	 * @param cookie
 	 * @return a user object or null
 	 */
 	@Override
-	public UserModel authenticate(char[] cookie) {
-		UserModel user = userService.authenticate(cookie);
-		setAccountType(user);
+	public UserModel getUserModel(char[] cookie) {
+		UserModel user = userService.getUserModel(cookie);
 		return user;
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Logout a user.
-	 *
-	 * @param user
-	 */
-	@Override
-	public void logout(UserModel user) {
-		if (userService == null) {
-			return;
-		}
-		userService.logout(user);
-	}
-
-	/**
 	 * Retrieve the user object for the specified username.
 	 *
 	 * @param username
@@ -251,7 +184,6 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 		}
 		String usernameDecoded = StringUtils.decodeUsername(username);
 		UserModel user = userService.getUserModel(usernameDecoded);
-		setAccountType(user);
 		return user;
 	}
 
@@ -290,32 +222,7 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public boolean updateUserModel(String username, UserModel model) {
-		if (model.isLocalAccount() || userService.supportsCredentialChanges()) {
-			if (!model.isLocalAccount() && !userService.supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
-				//  teams are externally controlled - copy from original model
-				UserModel existingModel = getUserModel(username);
-
-				model = DeepCopier.copy(model);
-				model.teams.clear();
-				model.teams.addAll(existingModel.teams);
-			}
-			return userService.updateUserModel(username, model);
-		}
-		if (model.username.equals(username)) {
-			// passwords are not persisted by the backing user service
-			model.password = null;
-			if (!model.isLocalAccount() && !userService.supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
-				//  teams are externally controlled- copy from original model
-				UserModel existingModel = getUserModel(username);
-
-				model = DeepCopier.copy(model);
-				model.teams.clear();
-				model.teams.addAll(existingModel.teams);
-			}
-			return userService.updateUserModel(username, model);
-		}
-		logger.error("Users can not be renamed!");
-		return false;
+		return userService.updateUserModel(username, model);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -364,9 +271,6 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	@Override
 	public List<UserModel> getAllUsers() {
 		List<UserModel> users = userService.getAllUsers();
-    	for (UserModel user : users) {
-    		setAccountType(user);
-    	}
 		return users;
 	}
 
@@ -378,7 +282,8 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public List<String> getAllTeamNames() {
-		return userService.getAllTeamNames();
+		List<String> teams = userService.getAllTeamNames();
+		return teams;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -404,7 +309,8 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public List<String> getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(String role) {
-		return userService.getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(role);
+		List<String> teams = userService.getTeamNamesForRepositoryRole(role);
+		return teams;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -416,7 +322,8 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public TeamModel getTeamModel(String teamname) {
-		return userService.getTeamModel(teamname);
+		TeamModel team = userService.getTeamModel(teamname);
+		return team;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -456,14 +363,6 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public boolean updateTeamModel(String teamname, TeamModel model) {
-		if (!userService.supportsTeamMembershipChanges()) {
-			// teams are externally controlled - copy from original model
-			TeamModel existingModel = getTeamModel(teamname);
-
-			model = DeepCopier.copy(model);
-			model.users.clear();
-			model.users.addAll(existingModel.users);
-		}
 		return userService.updateTeamModel(teamname, model);
 	}
 
@@ -527,16 +426,4 @@ public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
 	public boolean deleteRepositoryRole(String role) {
 		return userService.deleteRepositoryRole(role);
 	}
-
-	protected void setAccountType(UserModel user) {
-		if (user != null) {
-			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(user.password)
-					&& !Constants.EXTERNAL_ACCOUNT.equalsIgnoreCase(user.password)
-					&& !"StoredInLDAP".equalsIgnoreCase(user.password)) {
-				user.accountType = AccountType.LOCAL;
-			} else {
-				user.accountType = userService.getAccountType();
-			}
-		}
-	}
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/ServerSettings.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/ServerSettings.java
index 92d5c311..07e703b0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/ServerSettings.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/ServerSettings.java
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@ public class ServerSettings implements Serializable {
 

 	public List<String> pushScripts;

 

-	public boolean supportsCredentialChanges;

-

-	public boolean supportsDisplayNameChanges;

-

-	public boolean supportsEmailAddressChanges;

-

-	public boolean supportsTeamMembershipChanges;

-

 	public ServerSettings() {

 		settings = new TreeMap<String, SettingModel>();

 	}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/TeamModel.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/TeamModel.java
index a1928283..aaa3d54a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/TeamModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/models/TeamModel.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import java.util.Set;
 

 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccessPermission;

 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccessRestrictionType;

+import com.gitblit.Constants.AccountType;

 import com.gitblit.Constants.PermissionType;

 import com.gitblit.Constants.RegistrantType;

 import com.gitblit.Constants.Unused;

@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ public class TeamModel implements Serializable, Comparable<TeamModel> {
 	public boolean canAdmin;

 	public boolean canFork;

 	public boolean canCreate;

+	public AccountType accountType;

 	public final Set<String> users = new HashSet<String>();

 	// retained for backwards-compatibility with RPC clients

 	@Deprecated

@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ public class TeamModel implements Serializable, Comparable<TeamModel> {
 

 	public TeamModel(String name) {

 		this.name = name;

+		this.accountType = AccountType.LOCAL;

 	}

 

 	/**

@@ -358,6 +361,10 @@ public class TeamModel implements Serializable, Comparable<TeamModel> {
 		}

 	}

 

+	public boolean isLocalTeam() {

+		return accountType.isLocal();

+	}

+

 	@Override

 	public String toString() {

 		return name;

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AccessRestrictionFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AccessRestrictionFilter.java
index d5ded33c..d6acdbb6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AccessRestrictionFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AccessRestrictionFilter.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ public abstract class AccessRestrictionFilter extends AuthenticationFilter {
 

 	protected AccessRestrictionFilter(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager) {

-		super(sessionManager);

+		super(authenticationManager);

 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;

 		this.repositoryManager = repositoryManager;

 	}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AuthenticationFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AuthenticationFilter.java
index 214f2042..54c70141 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AuthenticationFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/AuthenticationFilter.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

 

 import com.gitblit.Constants;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 import com.gitblit.utils.DeepCopier;

 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ public abstract class AuthenticationFilter implements Filter {
 

 	protected transient Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

 

-	protected final ISessionManager sessionManager;

+	protected final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

 

-	protected AuthenticationFilter(ISessionManager sessionManager) {

-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;

+	protected AuthenticationFilter(IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {

+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;

 	}

 

 	/**

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public abstract class AuthenticationFilter implements Filter {
 	 * @return user

 	 */

 	protected UserModel getUser(HttpServletRequest httpRequest) {

-		UserModel user = sessionManager.authenticate(httpRequest, requiresClientCertificate());

+		UserModel user = authenticationManager.authenticate(httpRequest, requiresClientCertificate());

 		return user;

 	}

 

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/DownloadZipFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/DownloadZipFilter.java
index f2064e3a..398121d3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/DownloadZipFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/DownloadZipFilter.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton;
 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccessRestrictionType;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 

@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ public class DownloadZipFilter extends AccessRestrictionFilter {
 	@Inject

 	public DownloadZipFilter(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager) {

 

-		super(runtimeManager, sessionManager, repositoryManager);

+		super(runtimeManager, authenticationManager, repositoryManager);

 	}

 

 	/**

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/EnforceAuthenticationFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/EnforceAuthenticationFilter.java
index d690fd2c..6655c6e1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/EnforceAuthenticationFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/EnforceAuthenticationFilter.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;
 import com.gitblit.Keys;
 import com.gitblit.Keys.web;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;
 
 /**
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@ public class EnforceAuthenticationFilter implements Filter {
 
 	private final IStoredSettings settings;
 
-	private final ISessionManager sessionManager;
+	private final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
 
 	@Inject
 	public EnforceAuthenticationFilter(
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
-			ISessionManager sessionManager) {
+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
 
 		super();
 		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();
-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;
+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public class EnforceAuthenticationFilter implements Filter {
 
 		HttpServletRequest  httpRequest  = (HttpServletRequest) request;
 		HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
-		UserModel user = sessionManager.authenticate(httpRequest);
+		UserModel user = authenticationManager.authenticate(httpRequest);
 
 		if (mustForceAuth && (user == null)) {
 			// not authenticated, enforce now:
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitFilter.java
index f39d68fd..c44f7efc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitFilter.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import com.gitblit.Constants.AuthorizationControl;
 import com.gitblit.Keys.git;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;

@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ public class GitFilter extends AccessRestrictionFilter {
 	@Inject

 	public GitFilter(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager) {

 

-		super(runtimeManager, sessionManager, repositoryManager);

+		super(runtimeManager, authenticationManager, repositoryManager);

 		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

 	}

 

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitblitContext.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitblitContext.java
index 73250121..3e95b4bb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitblitContext.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/GitblitContext.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ import com.gitblit.manager.IProjectManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IServicesManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;
 import com.gitblit.utils.ContainerUtils;
 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ public class GitblitContext extends DaggerContextListener {
 		// start all other managers
 		startManager(injector, INotificationManager.class);
 		startManager(injector, IUserManager.class);
-		startManager(injector, ISessionManager.class);
+		startManager(injector, IAuthenticationManager.class);
 		startManager(injector, IRepositoryManager.class);
 		startManager(injector, IProjectManager.class);
 		startManager(injector, IGitblitManager.class);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/PagesFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/PagesFilter.java
index 23e7859f..42e7de75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/PagesFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/PagesFilter.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Repository;
 import com.gitblit.Constants.AccessRestrictionType;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 

@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ public class PagesFilter extends AccessRestrictionFilter {
 

 	@Inject

 	public PagesFilter(IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager) {

 

-		super(runtimeManager, sessionManager, repositoryManager);

+		super(runtimeManager, authenticationManager, repositoryManager);

 	}

 

 	/**

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/RpcFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/RpcFilter.java
index 6163252d..f39d37d8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/RpcFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/RpcFilter.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import com.gitblit.Constants.RpcRequest;
 import com.gitblit.IStoredSettings;

 import com.gitblit.Keys;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

 

 /**

@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ public class RpcFilter extends AuthenticationFilter {
 	@Inject

 	public RpcFilter(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager) {

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {

 

-		super(sessionManager);

+		super(authenticationManager);

 		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;

 	}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SparkleShareInviteServlet.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SparkleShareInviteServlet.java
index 4b8b24f4..3bef51dd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SparkleShareInviteServlet.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SparkleShareInviteServlet.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import com.gitblit.Keys;
 import com.gitblit.Keys.fanout;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class SparkleShareInviteServlet extends HttpServlet {
 

 	private final IUserManager userManager;

 

-	private final ISessionManager sessionManager;

+	private final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

 

 	private final IRepositoryManager repositoryManager;

 

@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ public class SparkleShareInviteServlet extends HttpServlet {
 	public SparkleShareInviteServlet(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

 			IUserManager userManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager) {

 

 		super();

 		this.settings = runtimeManager.getSettings();

 		this.userManager = userManager;

-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;

+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;

 		this.repositoryManager = repositoryManager;

 	}

 

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class SparkleShareInviteServlet extends HttpServlet {
 		}

 		UserModel user;

 		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {

-			user = sessionManager.authenticate(request);

+			user = authenticationManager.authenticate(request);

 		} else {

 			user = userManager.getUserModel(username);

 		}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SyndicationFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SyndicationFilter.java
index adf9ba94..7eb8af96 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SyndicationFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/servlet/SyndicationFilter.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import com.gitblit.Constants.AccessRestrictionType;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IProjectManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;

 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;

-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;

+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;

 import com.gitblit.models.ProjectModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.RepositoryModel;

 import com.gitblit.models.UserModel;

@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ public class SyndicationFilter extends AuthenticationFilter {
 	@Inject

 	public SyndicationFilter(

 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,

-			ISessionManager sessionManager,

+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,

 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager,

 			IProjectManager projectManager) {

 

-		super(sessionManager);

+		super(authenticationManager);

 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;

 		this.repositoryManager = repositoryManager;

 		this.projectManager = projectManager;

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/GitBlitWebApp.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/GitBlitWebApp.java
index ad13a042..1409e474 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/GitBlitWebApp.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/GitBlitWebApp.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import com.gitblit.manager.INotificationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IProjectManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRepositoryManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IRuntimeManager;
-import com.gitblit.manager.ISessionManager;
+import com.gitblit.manager.IAuthenticationManager;
 import com.gitblit.manager.IUserManager;
 import com.gitblit.utils.StringUtils;
 import com.gitblit.wicket.pages.ActivityPage;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class GitBlitWebApp extends WebApplication {
 
 	private final IUserManager userManager;
 
-	private final ISessionManager sessionManager;
+	private final IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
 
 	private final IRepositoryManager repositoryManager;
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class GitBlitWebApp extends WebApplication {
 			IRuntimeManager runtimeManager,
 			INotificationManager notificationManager,
 			IUserManager userManager,
-			ISessionManager sessionManager,
+			IAuthenticationManager authenticationManager,
 			IRepositoryManager repositoryManager,
 			IProjectManager projectManager,
 			IGitblitManager gitblitManager,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public class GitBlitWebApp extends WebApplication {
 		this.runtimeManager = runtimeManager;
 		this.notificationManager = notificationManager;
 		this.userManager = userManager;
-		this.sessionManager = sessionManager;
+		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
 		this.repositoryManager = repositoryManager;
 		this.projectManager = projectManager;
 		this.gitblitManager = gitblitManager;
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ public class GitBlitWebApp extends WebApplication {
 		return userManager;
 	}
 
-	public ISessionManager session() {
-		return sessionManager;
+	public IAuthenticationManager authentication() {
+		return authenticationManager;
 	}
 
 	public IRepositoryManager repositories() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/ChangePasswordPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/ChangePasswordPage.java
index a3c1ece5..ec5fe16e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/ChangePasswordPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/ChangePasswordPage.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public class ChangePasswordPage extends RootSubPage {
 		}

 

 		UserModel user = GitBlitWebSession.get().getUser();

-		if (!app().users().supportsCredentialChanges(user)) {

+		if (!app().authentication().supportsCredentialChanges(user)) {

 			error(MessageFormat.format(getString("gb.userServiceDoesNotPermitPasswordChanges"),

 					app().settings().getString(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf")), true);

 		}

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public class ChangePasswordPage extends RootSubPage {
 					app().gitblit().updateUserModel(user.username, user, false);

 					if (app().settings().getBoolean(Keys.web.allowCookieAuthentication, false)) {

 						WebResponse response = (WebResponse) getRequestCycle().getResponse();

-						app().session().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

+						app().authentication().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

 					}

 				} catch (GitBlitException e) {

 					error(e.getMessage());

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditTeamPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditTeamPage.java
index 4f548d46..232dbe3b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditTeamPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditTeamPage.java
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ public class EditTeamPage extends RootSubPage {
 		form.add(new SimpleAttributeModifier("autocomplete", "off"));

 

 		// not all user services support manipulating team memberships

-		boolean editMemberships = app().users().supportsTeamMembershipChanges(null);

+		boolean editMemberships = app().authentication().supportsTeamMembershipChanges(teamModel);

 

 		// field names reflective match TeamModel fields

 		form.add(new TextField<String>("name"));

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditUserPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditUserPage.java
index b2d3d3b1..4e91b45a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditUserPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/EditUserPage.java
@@ -54,10 +54,6 @@ public class EditUserPage extends RootSubPage {
 	public EditUserPage() {

 		// create constructor

 		super();

-		if (!app().users().supportsAddUser()) {

-			error(MessageFormat.format(getString("gb.userServiceDoesNotPermitAddUser"),

-					app().settings().getString(Keys.realm.userService, "${baseFolder}/users.conf")), true);

-		}

 		isCreate = true;

 		setupPage(new UserModel(""));

 		setStatelessHint(false);

@@ -138,7 +134,7 @@ public class EditUserPage extends RootSubPage {
 				}

 				boolean rename = !StringUtils.isEmpty(oldName)

 						&& !oldName.equalsIgnoreCase(username);

-				if (app().users().supportsCredentialChanges(userModel)) {

+				if (app().authentication().supportsCredentialChanges(userModel)) {

 					if (!userModel.password.equals(confirmPassword.getObject())) {

 						error(getString("gb.passwordsDoNotMatch"));

 						return;

@@ -214,16 +210,16 @@ public class EditUserPage extends RootSubPage {
 		form.add(new SimpleAttributeModifier("autocomplete", "off"));

 

 		// not all user services support manipulating username and password

-		boolean editCredentials = app().users().supportsCredentialChanges(userModel);

+		boolean editCredentials = app().authentication().supportsCredentialChanges(userModel);

 

 		// not all user services support manipulating display name

-		boolean editDisplayName = app().users().supportsDisplayNameChanges(userModel);

+		boolean editDisplayName = app().authentication().supportsDisplayNameChanges(userModel);

 

 		// not all user services support manipulating email address

-		boolean editEmailAddress = app().users().supportsEmailAddressChanges(userModel);

+		boolean editEmailAddress = app().authentication().supportsEmailAddressChanges(userModel);

 

 		// not all user services support manipulating team memberships

-		boolean editTeams = app().users().supportsTeamMembershipChanges(userModel);

+		boolean editTeams = app().authentication().supportsTeamMembershipChanges(userModel);

 

 		// field names reflective match UserModel fields

 		form.add(new TextField<String>("username").setEnabled(editCredentials));

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/LogoutPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/LogoutPage.java
index d99c1466..27542bd0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/LogoutPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/LogoutPage.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public class LogoutPage extends BasePage {
 		super();

 		GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();

 		UserModel user = session.getUser();

-		app().session().logout(((WebResponse) getResponse()).getHttpServletResponse(), user);

+		app().authentication().logout(((WebResponse) getResponse()).getHttpServletResponse(), user);

 		session.invalidate();

 

 		/*

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/RootPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/RootPage.java
index 1a43bf1e..9141b4e3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/RootPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/RootPage.java
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public abstract class RootPage extends BasePage {
 			// Set Cookie

 			if (app().settings().getBoolean(Keys.web.allowCookieAuthentication, false)) {

 				WebResponse response = (WebResponse) getRequestCycle().getResponse();

-				app().session().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

+				app().authentication().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

 			}

 

 			if (!session.continueRequest()) {

@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ public abstract class RootPage extends BasePage {
 					String username = RootPage.this.username.getObject();

 					char[] password = RootPage.this.password.getObject().toCharArray();

 

-					UserModel user = app().session().authenticate(username, password);

+					UserModel user = app().authentication().authenticate(username, password);

 					if (user == null) {

 						error(getString("gb.invalidUsernameOrPassword"));

 					} else if (user.username.equals(Constants.FEDERATION_USER)) {

@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ public abstract class RootPage extends BasePage {
 

 			GitBlitWebSession session = GitBlitWebSession.get();

 			UserModel user = session.getUser();

-			boolean editCredentials = app().users().supportsCredentialChanges(user);

+			boolean editCredentials = app().authentication().supportsCredentialChanges(user);

 			boolean standardLogin = session.authenticationType.isStandard();

 

 			if (app().settings().getBoolean(Keys.web.allowGravatar, true)) {

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/SessionPage.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/SessionPage.java
index a10102f4..d2fcfa0d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/SessionPage.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/pages/SessionPage.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public abstract class SessionPage extends WebPage {
 		// try to authenticate by servlet request

 		HttpServletRequest httpRequest = ((WebRequest) getRequestCycle().getRequest())

 				.getHttpServletRequest();

-		UserModel user = app().session().authenticate(httpRequest);

+		UserModel user = app().authentication().authenticate(httpRequest);

 

 		// Login the user

 		if (user != null) {

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public abstract class SessionPage extends WebPage {
 

 			// Set Cookie

 			WebResponse response = (WebResponse) getRequestCycle().getResponse();

-			app().session().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

+			app().authentication().setCookie(response.getHttpServletResponse(), user);

 

 			session.continueRequest();

 		}

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/TeamsPanel.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/TeamsPanel.java
index 79ddd02d..c1e1a43d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/TeamsPanel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/TeamsPanel.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class TeamsPanel extends BasePanel {
 

 		Fragment adminLinks = new Fragment("adminPanel", "adminLinks", this);

 		adminLinks.add(new BookmarkablePageLink<Void>("newTeam", EditTeamPage.class));

-		add(adminLinks.setVisible(showAdmin && app().users().supportsTeamMembershipChanges(null)));

+		add(adminLinks.setVisible(showAdmin));

 

 		final List<TeamModel> teams = app().users().getAllTeams();

 		DataView<TeamModel> teamsView = new DataView<TeamModel>("teamRow",

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/UsersPanel.java b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/UsersPanel.java
index 9c1667ff..ed990c89 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/UsersPanel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/gitblit/wicket/panels/UsersPanel.java
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@ public class UsersPanel extends BasePanel {
 		super(wicketId);

 

 		Fragment adminLinks = new Fragment("adminPanel", "adminLinks", this);

-		adminLinks.add(new BookmarkablePageLink<Void>("newUser", EditUserPage.class)

-				.setVisible(app().users().supportsAddUser()));

+		adminLinks.add(new BookmarkablePageLink<Void>("newUser", EditUserPage.class));

 		add(adminLinks.setVisible(showAdmin));

 

 		final List<UserModel> users = app().users().getAllUsers();