Move milestone to models/issues/ (#19278)

* Move milestone to models/issues/

* Fix lint

* Fix test

* Fix lint

* Fix lint

56 files changed, 466 insertions, 447 deletions

diff --git a/integrations/api_issue_milestone_test.go b/integrations/api_issue_milestone_test.go
index 60a6329424..a7f89721a5 100644
--- a/integrations/api_issue_milestone_test.go
+++ b/integrations/api_issue_milestone_test.go
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"testing"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (
 func TestAPIIssuesMilestone(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
-	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*models.Milestone)
+	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
 	repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}).(*repo_model.Repository)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(1), int64(milestone.NumIssues))
diff --git a/integrations/api_issue_reaction_test.go b/integrations/api_issue_reaction_test.go
index aa6f46f8bd..4a063c8c68 100644
--- a/integrations/api_issue_reaction_test.go
+++ b/integrations/api_issue_reaction_test.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/convert"
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ func TestAPIIssuesReactions(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 1}).(*models.Issue)
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 
 	session := loginUser(t, owner.Name)
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ func TestAPICommentReactions(t *testing.T) {
 	comment := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Comment{ID: 2}).(*models.Comment)
 	_ = comment.LoadIssue()
 	issue := comment.Issue
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 
 	session := loginUser(t, owner.Name)
diff --git a/integrations/api_issue_stopwatch_test.go b/integrations/api_issue_stopwatch_test.go
index 3f62e042cb..90098b9236 100644
--- a/integrations/api_issue_stopwatch_test.go
+++ b/integrations/api_issue_stopwatch_test.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ func TestAPIStopStopWatches(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 2}).(*models.Issue)
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ func TestAPICancelStopWatches(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 1}).(*models.Issue)
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1}).(*user_model.User)
 
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ func TestAPIStartStopWatches(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 3}).(*models.Issue)
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 
diff --git a/integrations/api_issue_tracked_time_test.go b/integrations/api_issue_tracked_time_test.go
index 335fd2929a..b6f7091013 100644
--- a/integrations/api_issue_tracked_time_test.go
+++ b/integrations/api_issue_tracked_time_test.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ func TestAPIGetTrackedTimes(t *testing.T) {
 
 	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 	issue2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 2}).(*models.Issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo())
+	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext))
 
 	session := loginUser(t, user2.Name)
 	token := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session)
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ func TestAPIDeleteTrackedTime(t *testing.T) {
 
 	time6 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.TrackedTime{ID: 6}).(*models.TrackedTime)
 	issue2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 2}).(*models.Issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo())
+	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext))
 	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 
 	session := loginUser(t, user2.Name)
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ func TestAPIAddTrackedTimes(t *testing.T) {
 	defer prepareTestEnv(t)()
 
 	issue2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 2}).(*models.Issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo())
+	assert.NoError(t, issue2.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext))
 	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 	admin := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1}).(*user_model.User)
 
diff --git a/models/action.go b/models/action.go
index d3231641d9..3339d3b87a 100644
--- a/models/action.go
+++ b/models/action.go
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func (a *Action) getCommentLink(ctx context.Context) string {
 		return "#"
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return "#"
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/consistency_test.go b/models/consistency_test.go
index d49a0132f0..1593500361 100644
--- a/models/consistency_test.go
+++ b/models/consistency_test.go
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
+	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@@ -33,3 +36,70 @@ func TestDeleteOrphanedObjects(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, countBefore, countAfter)
 }
+
+func TestNewMilestone(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	milestone := &issues_model.Milestone{
+		RepoID:  1,
+		Name:    "milestoneName",
+		Content: "milestoneContent",
+	}
+
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.NewMilestone(milestone))
+	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, milestone)
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+}
+
+func TestChangeMilestoneStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.ChangeMilestoneStatus(milestone, true))
+	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}, "is_closed=1")
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.ChangeMilestoneStatus(milestone, false))
+	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}, "is_closed=0")
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+}
+
+func TestDeleteMilestoneByRepoID(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(1, 1))
+	unittest.AssertNotExistsBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1})
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1})
+
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(unittest.NonexistentID, unittest.NonexistentID))
+}
+
+func TestUpdateMilestone(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+
+	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
+	milestone.Name = " newMilestoneName  "
+	milestone.Content = "newMilestoneContent"
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.UpdateMilestone(milestone, milestone.IsClosed))
+	milestone = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, "newMilestoneName", milestone.Name)
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+}
+
+func TestUpdateMilestoneCounters(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Issue{MilestoneID: 1},
+		"is_closed=0").(*Issue)
+
+	issue.IsClosed = true
+	issue.ClosedUnix = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
+	_, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(issue.ID).Cols("is_closed", "closed_unix").Update(issue)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(db.DefaultContext, issue.MilestoneID))
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+
+	issue.IsClosed = false
+	issue.ClosedUnix = 0
+	_, err = db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(issue.ID).Cols("is_closed", "closed_unix").Update(issue)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NoError(t, issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(db.DefaultContext, issue.MilestoneID))
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Milestone{})
+}
diff --git a/models/error.go b/models/error.go
index 6233b2ea85..6846bf8320 100644
--- a/models/error.go
+++ b/models/error.go
@@ -1048,33 +1048,6 @@ func (err ErrLabelNotExist) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("label does not exist [label_id: %d]", err.LabelID)
 }
 
-//    _____  .__.__                   __
-//   /     \ |__|  |   ____   _______/  |_  ____   ____   ____
-//  /  \ /  \|  |  | _/ __ \ /  ___/\   __\/  _ \ /    \_/ __ \
-// /    Y    \  |  |_\  ___/ \___ \  |  | (  <_> )   |  \  ___/
-// \____|__  /__|____/\___  >____  > |__|  \____/|___|  /\___  >
-//         \/             \/     \/                   \/     \/
-
-// ErrMilestoneNotExist represents a "MilestoneNotExist" kind of error.
-type ErrMilestoneNotExist struct {
-	ID     int64
-	RepoID int64
-	Name   string
-}
-
-// IsErrMilestoneNotExist checks if an error is a ErrMilestoneNotExist.
-func IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err error) bool {
-	_, ok := err.(ErrMilestoneNotExist)
-	return ok
-}
-
-func (err ErrMilestoneNotExist) Error() string {
-	if len(err.Name) > 0 {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("milestone does not exist [name: %s, repo_id: %d]", err.Name, err.RepoID)
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("milestone does not exist [id: %d, repo_id: %d]", err.ID, err.RepoID)
-}
-
 //  ____ ___        .__                    .___
 // |    |   \______ |  |   _________     __| _/
 // |    |   /\____ \|  |  /  _ \__  \   / __ |
diff --git a/models/issue.go b/models/issue.go
index 751ff36c54..b1fa2d02ad 100644
--- a/models/issue.go
+++ b/models/issue.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 	admin_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/admin"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/foreignreference"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	project_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/project"
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ type Issue struct {
 	PosterID         int64                  `xorm:"INDEX"`
 	Poster           *user_model.User       `xorm:"-"`
 	OriginalAuthor   string
-	OriginalAuthorID int64                  `xorm:"index"`
-	Title            string                 `xorm:"name"`
-	Content          string                 `xorm:"LONGTEXT"`
-	RenderedContent  string                 `xorm:"-"`
-	Labels           []*Label               `xorm:"-"`
-	MilestoneID      int64                  `xorm:"INDEX"`
-	Milestone        *Milestone             `xorm:"-"`
-	Project          *project_model.Project `xorm:"-"`
+	OriginalAuthorID int64                   `xorm:"index"`
+	Title            string                  `xorm:"name"`
+	Content          string                  `xorm:"LONGTEXT"`
+	RenderedContent  string                  `xorm:"-"`
+	Labels           []*Label                `xorm:"-"`
+	MilestoneID      int64                   `xorm:"INDEX"`
+	Milestone        *issues_model.Milestone `xorm:"-"`
+	Project          *project_model.Project  `xorm:"-"`
 	Priority         int
 	AssigneeID       int64            `xorm:"-"`
 	Assignee         *user_model.User `xorm:"-"`
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ type Issue struct {
 
 	Attachments      []*repo_model.Attachment           `xorm:"-"`
 	Comments         []*Comment                         `xorm:"-"`
-	Reactions        issues.ReactionList                `xorm:"-"`
+	Reactions        issues_model.ReactionList          `xorm:"-"`
 	TotalTrackedTime int64                              `xorm:"-"`
 	Assignees        []*user_model.User                 `xorm:"-"`
 	ForeignReference *foreignreference.ForeignReference `xorm:"-"`
@@ -124,11 +124,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) IsOverdue() bool {
 }
 
 // LoadRepo loads issue's repository
-func (issue *Issue) LoadRepo() error {
-	return issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
-}
-
-func (issue *Issue) loadRepo(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
+func (issue *Issue) LoadRepo(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	if issue.Repo == nil {
 		issue.Repo, err = repo_model.GetRepositoryByIDCtx(ctx, issue.RepoID)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -144,7 +140,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) IsTimetrackerEnabled() bool {
 }
 
 func (issue *Issue) isTimetrackerEnabled(ctx context.Context) bool {
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error(fmt.Sprintf("loadRepo: %v", err))
 		return false
 	}
@@ -244,17 +240,17 @@ func (issue *Issue) loadReactions(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	if issue.Reactions != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	reactions, _, err := issues.FindReactions(ctx, issues.FindReactionsOptions{
+	reactions, _, err := issues_model.FindReactions(ctx, issues_model.FindReactionsOptions{
 		IssueID: issue.ID,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	// Load reaction user data
-	if _, err := issues.ReactionList(reactions).LoadUsers(ctx, issue.Repo); err != nil {
+	if _, err := issues_model.ReactionList(reactions).LoadUsers(ctx, issue.Repo); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -297,10 +293,10 @@ func (issue *Issue) loadForeignReference(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (issue *Issue) loadMilestone(e db.Engine) (err error) {
+func (issue *Issue) loadMilestone(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	if (issue.Milestone == nil || issue.Milestone.ID != issue.MilestoneID) && issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		issue.Milestone, err = getMilestoneByRepoID(e, issue.RepoID, issue.MilestoneID)
-		if err != nil && !IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		issue.Milestone, err = issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, issue.RepoID, issue.MilestoneID)
+		if err != nil && !issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("getMilestoneByRepoID [repo_id: %d, milestone_id: %d]: %v", issue.RepoID, issue.MilestoneID, err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -309,7 +305,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) loadMilestone(e db.Engine) (err error) {
 
 func (issue *Issue) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -321,7 +317,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadMilestone(e); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.loadMilestone(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -372,7 +368,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) LoadAttributes() error {
 
 // LoadMilestone load milestone of this issue.
 func (issue *Issue) LoadMilestone() error {
-	return issue.loadMilestone(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext))
+	return issue.loadMilestone(db.DefaultContext)
 }
 
 // GetIsRead load the `IsRead` field of the issue
@@ -391,7 +387,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) GetIsRead(userID int64) error {
 // APIURL returns the absolute APIURL to this issue.
 func (issue *Issue) APIURL() string {
 	if issue.Repo == nil {
-		err := issue.LoadRepo()
+		err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Issue[%d].APIURL(): %v", issue.ID, err)
 			return ""
@@ -491,7 +487,7 @@ func ClearIssueLabels(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User) (err error) {
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	} else if err = issue.loadPullRequest(db.GetEngine(ctx)); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -539,7 +535,7 @@ func ReplaceIssueLabels(issue *Issue, labels []*Label, doer *user_model.User) (e
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -607,7 +603,8 @@ func (issue *Issue) ReadBy(userID int64) error {
 	return setIssueNotificationStatusReadIfUnread(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext), userID, issue.ID)
 }
 
-func updateIssueCols(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, cols ...string) error {
+// UpdateIssueCols updates cols of issue
+func UpdateIssueCols(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, cols ...string) error {
 	if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(issue.ID).Cols(cols...).Update(issue); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -658,7 +655,7 @@ func doChangeIssueStatus(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.Use
 		issue.ClosedUnix = 0
 	}
 
-	if err := updateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "is_closed", "closed_unix"); err != nil {
+	if err := UpdateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "is_closed", "closed_unix"); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -674,7 +671,7 @@ func doChangeIssueStatus(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.Use
 
 	// Update issue count of milestone
 	if issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		if err := updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
+		if err := issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -691,7 +688,7 @@ func doChangeIssueStatus(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.Use
 		cmtType = CommentTypeMergePull
 	}
 
-	return createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	return CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:  cmtType,
 		Doer:  doer,
 		Repo:  issue.Repo,
@@ -707,7 +704,7 @@ func ChangeIssueStatus(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, isClosed bool) (*Com
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if err := issue.loadPoster(db.GetEngine(ctx)); err != nil {
@@ -734,11 +731,11 @@ func ChangeIssueTitle(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldTitle string) (err
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err = updateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "name"); err != nil {
+	if err = UpdateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "name"); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("updateIssueCols: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("loadRepo: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -750,7 +747,7 @@ func ChangeIssueTitle(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldTitle string) (err
 		OldTitle: oldTitle,
 		NewTitle: issue.Title,
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("createComment: %v", err)
 	}
 	if err = issue.addCrossReferences(ctx, doer, true); err != nil {
@@ -768,11 +765,11 @@ func ChangeIssueRef(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldRef string) (err err
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err = updateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "ref"); err != nil {
+	if err = UpdateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "ref"); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("updateIssueCols: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("loadRepo: %v", err)
 	}
 	oldRefFriendly := strings.TrimPrefix(oldRef, git.BranchPrefix)
@@ -786,7 +783,7 @@ func ChangeIssueRef(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldRef string) (err err
 		OldRef: oldRefFriendly,
 		NewRef: newRefFriendly,
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("createComment: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -811,7 +808,7 @@ func AddDeletePRBranchComment(doer *user_model.User, repo *repo_model.Repository
 		Issue:  issue,
 		OldRef: branchName,
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -846,12 +843,12 @@ func ChangeIssueContent(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, content string) (er
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	hasContentHistory, err := issues.HasIssueContentHistory(ctx, issue.ID, 0)
+	hasContentHistory, err := issues_model.HasIssueContentHistory(ctx, issue.ID, 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("HasIssueContentHistory: %v", err)
 	}
 	if !hasContentHistory {
-		if err = issues.SaveIssueContentHistory(db.GetEngine(ctx), issue.PosterID, issue.ID, 0,
+		if err = issues_model.SaveIssueContentHistory(db.GetEngine(ctx), issue.PosterID, issue.ID, 0,
 			issue.CreatedUnix, issue.Content, true); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("SaveIssueContentHistory: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -859,11 +856,11 @@ func ChangeIssueContent(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, content string) (er
 
 	issue.Content = content
 
-	if err = updateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "content"); err != nil {
+	if err = UpdateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "content"); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("UpdateIssueCols: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if err = issues.SaveIssueContentHistory(db.GetEngine(ctx), doer.ID, issue.ID, 0,
+	if err = issues_model.SaveIssueContentHistory(db.GetEngine(ctx), doer.ID, issue.ID, 0,
 		timeutil.TimeStampNow(), issue.Content, false); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("SaveIssueContentHistory: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -943,8 +940,8 @@ func newIssue(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, opts NewIssueOptions)
 	opts.Issue.Title = strings.TrimSpace(opts.Issue.Title)
 
 	if opts.Issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		milestone, err := getMilestoneByRepoID(e, opts.Issue.RepoID, opts.Issue.MilestoneID)
-		if err != nil && !IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, opts.Issue.RepoID, opts.Issue.MilestoneID)
+		if err != nil && !issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("getMilestoneByID: %v", err)
 		}
 
@@ -968,7 +965,7 @@ func newIssue(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, opts NewIssueOptions)
 	}
 
 	if opts.Issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		if err := updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, opts.Issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
+		if err := issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, opts.Issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -980,7 +977,7 @@ func newIssue(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, opts NewIssueOptions)
 			OldMilestoneID: 0,
 			MilestoneID:    opts.Issue.MilestoneID,
 		}
-		if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+		if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
@@ -1956,7 +1953,7 @@ func UpdateIssueByAPI(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User) (statusChangeComment
 	defer committer.Close()
 	sess := db.GetEngine(ctx)
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("loadRepo: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -1983,7 +1980,7 @@ func UpdateIssueByAPI(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User) (statusChangeComment
 			OldTitle: currentIssue.Title,
 			NewTitle: issue.Title,
 		}
-		_, err := createComment(ctx, opts)
+		_, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("createComment: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -2015,7 +2012,7 @@ func UpdateIssueDeadline(issue *Issue, deadlineUnix timeutil.TimeStamp, doer *us
 	defer committer.Close()
 
 	// Update the deadline
-	if err = updateIssueCols(ctx, &Issue{ID: issue.ID, DeadlineUnix: deadlineUnix}, "deadline_unix"); err != nil {
+	if err = UpdateIssueCols(ctx, &Issue{ID: issue.ID, DeadlineUnix: deadlineUnix}, "deadline_unix"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -2104,14 +2101,14 @@ func deleteIssue(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue) error {
 
 	// delete all database data still assigned to this issue
 	if err := deleteInIssue(e, issue.ID,
-		&issues.ContentHistory{},
+		&issues_model.ContentHistory{},
 		&Comment{},
 		&IssueLabel{},
 		&IssueDependency{},
 		&IssueAssignees{},
 		&IssueUser{},
 		&Notification{},
-		&issues.Reaction{},
+		&issues_model.Reaction{},
 		&IssueWatch{},
 		&Stopwatch{},
 		&TrackedTime{},
@@ -2242,7 +2239,7 @@ func ResolveIssueMentionsByVisibility(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *u
 	if len(mentions) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -2401,7 +2398,7 @@ func deleteIssuesByRepoID(sess db.Engine, repoID int64) (attachmentPaths []strin
 
 	// Delete content histories
 	if _, err = sess.In("issue_id", deleteCond).
-		Delete(&issues.ContentHistory{}); err != nil {
+		Delete(&issues_model.ContentHistory{}); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -2429,7 +2426,7 @@ func deleteIssuesByRepoID(sess db.Engine, repoID int64) (attachmentPaths []strin
 	}
 
 	if _, err = sess.In("issue_id", deleteCond).
-		Delete(&issues.Reaction{}); err != nil {
+		Delete(&issues_model.Reaction{}); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/issue_assignees.go b/models/issue_assignees.go
index a91793f2f1..0f1f7b6576 100644
--- a/models/issue_assignees.go
+++ b/models/issue_assignees.go
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func toggleIssueAssignee(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.Use
 	}
 
 	// Repo infos
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("loadRepo: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func toggleIssueAssignee(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.Use
 		AssigneeID:      assigneeID,
 	}
 	// Comment
-	comment, err = createComment(ctx, opts)
+	comment, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("createComment: %v", err)
 	}
diff --git a/models/issue_comment.go b/models/issue_comment.go
index 332ae7bdc5..39c2818eed 100644
--- a/models/issue_comment.go
+++ b/models/issue_comment.go
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	project_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/project"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ type Comment struct {
 	Project          *project_model.Project `xorm:"-"`
 	OldMilestoneID   int64
 	MilestoneID      int64
-	OldMilestone     *Milestone `xorm:"-"`
-	Milestone        *Milestone `xorm:"-"`
+	OldMilestone     *issues_model.Milestone `xorm:"-"`
+	Milestone        *issues_model.Milestone `xorm:"-"`
 	TimeID           int64
 	Time             *TrackedTime `xorm:"-"`
 	AssigneeID       int64
@@ -243,8 +243,8 @@ type Comment struct {
 	// Reference issue in commit message
 	CommitSHA string `xorm:"VARCHAR(40)"`
 
-	Attachments []*repo_model.Attachment `xorm:"-"`
-	Reactions   issues.ReactionList      `xorm:"-"`
+	Attachments []*repo_model.Attachment  `xorm:"-"`
+	Reactions   issues_model.ReactionList `xorm:"-"`
 
 	// For view issue page.
 	ShowRole RoleDescriptor `xorm:"-"`
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ func (c *Comment) HTMLURL() string {
 		log.Error("LoadIssue(%d): %v", c.IssueID, err)
 		return ""
 	}
-	err = c.Issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+	err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	if err != nil { // Silently dropping errors :unamused:
 		log.Error("loadRepo(%d): %v", c.Issue.RepoID, err)
 		return ""
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ func (c *Comment) APIURL() string {
 		log.Error("LoadIssue(%d): %v", c.IssueID, err)
 		return ""
 	}
-	err = c.Issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+	err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	if err != nil { // Silently dropping errors :unamused:
 		log.Error("loadRepo(%d): %v", c.Issue.RepoID, err)
 		return ""
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ func (c *Comment) IssueURL() string {
 		return ""
 	}
 
-	err = c.Issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+	err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	if err != nil { // Silently dropping errors :unamused:
 		log.Error("loadRepo(%d): %v", c.Issue.RepoID, err)
 		return ""
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ func (c *Comment) PRURL() string {
 		return ""
 	}
 
-	err = c.Issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+	err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	if err != nil { // Silently dropping errors :unamused:
 		log.Error("loadRepo(%d): %v", c.Issue.RepoID, err)
 		return ""
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func (c *Comment) LoadProject() error {
 // LoadMilestone if comment.Type is CommentTypeMilestone, then load milestone
 func (c *Comment) LoadMilestone() error {
 	if c.OldMilestoneID > 0 {
-		var oldMilestone Milestone
+		var oldMilestone issues_model.Milestone
 		has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(c.OldMilestoneID).Get(&oldMilestone)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ func (c *Comment) LoadMilestone() error {
 	}
 
 	if c.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		var milestone Milestone
+		var milestone issues_model.Milestone
 		has, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(c.MilestoneID).Get(&milestone)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ func (c *Comment) LoadAssigneeUserAndTeam() error {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		if err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+		if err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ func (c *Comment) loadReactions(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository
 	if c.Reactions != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	c.Reactions, _, err = issues.FindReactions(ctx, issues.FindReactionsOptions{
+	c.Reactions, _, err = issues_model.FindReactions(ctx, issues_model.FindReactionsOptions{
 		IssueID:   c.IssueID,
 		CommentID: c.ID,
 	})
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ func (c *Comment) CodeCommentURL() string {
 		log.Error("LoadIssue(%d): %v", c.IssueID, err)
 		return ""
 	}
-	err = c.Issue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+	err = c.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	if err != nil { // Silently dropping errors :unamused:
 		log.Error("loadRepo(%d): %v", c.Issue.RepoID, err)
 		return ""
@@ -761,7 +761,8 @@ func (c *Comment) LoadPushCommits(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	return err
 }
 
-func createComment(ctx context.Context, opts *CreateCommentOptions) (_ *Comment, err error) {
+// CreateCommentCtx creates comment with context
+func CreateCommentCtx(ctx context.Context, opts *CreateCommentOptions) (_ *Comment, err error) {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
 	var LabelID int64
 	if opts.Label != nil {
@@ -863,7 +864,7 @@ func updateCommentInfos(ctx context.Context, opts *CreateCommentOptions, comment
 		}
 	}
 	// update the issue's updated_unix column
-	return updateIssueCols(ctx, opts.Issue, "updated_unix")
+	return UpdateIssueCols(ctx, opts.Issue, "updated_unix")
 }
 
 func createDeadlineComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, issue *Issue, newDeadlineUnix timeutil.TimeStamp) (*Comment, error) {
@@ -884,7 +885,7 @@ func createDeadlineComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, issue *Is
 		content = newDeadlineUnix.Format("2006-01-02") + "|" + issue.DeadlineUnix.Format("2006-01-02")
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -895,7 +896,7 @@ func createDeadlineComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, issue *Is
 		Issue:   issue,
 		Content: content,
 	}
-	comment, err := createComment(ctx, opts)
+	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -908,7 +909,7 @@ func createIssueDependencyComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, is
 	if !add {
 		cType = CommentTypeRemoveDependency
 	}
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -920,7 +921,7 @@ func createIssueDependencyComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, is
 		Issue:            issue,
 		DependentIssueID: dependentIssue.ID,
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -931,7 +932,7 @@ func createIssueDependencyComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, is
 		Issue:            dependentIssue,
 		DependentIssueID: issue.ID,
 	}
-	_, err = createComment(ctx, opts)
+	_, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts)
 	return
 }
 
@@ -981,7 +982,7 @@ func CreateComment(opts *CreateCommentOptions) (comment *Comment, err error) {
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	comment, err = createComment(ctx, opts)
+	comment, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -1159,7 +1160,7 @@ func deleteComment(ctx context.Context, comment *Comment) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := e.Delete(&issues.ContentHistory{
+	if _, err := e.Delete(&issues_model.ContentHistory{
 		CommentID: comment.ID,
 	}); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -1178,7 +1179,7 @@ func deleteComment(ctx context.Context, comment *Comment) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return issues.DeleteReaction(ctx, &issues.ReactionOptions{CommentID: comment.ID})
+	return issues_model.DeleteReaction(ctx, &issues_model.ReactionOptions{CommentID: comment.ID})
 }
 
 // CodeComments represents comments on code by using this structure: FILENAME -> LINE (+ == proposed; - == previous) -> COMMENTS
@@ -1230,7 +1231,7 @@ func findCodeComments(ctx context.Context, opts FindCommentsOptions, issue *Issu
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/issue_comment_list.go b/models/issue_comment_list.go
index 2107f4790f..4133fc8761 100644
--- a/models/issue_comment_list.go
+++ b/models/issue_comment_list.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ func (comments CommentList) loadMilestones(e db.Engine) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
+	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*issues_model.Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
 	left := len(milestoneIDs)
 	for left > 0 {
 		limit := defaultMaxInSize
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ func (comments CommentList) loadOldMilestones(e db.Engine) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
+	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*issues_model.Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
 	left := len(milestoneIDs)
 	for left > 0 {
 		limit := defaultMaxInSize
@@ -387,7 +388,7 @@ func (comments CommentList) loadDependentIssues(ctx context.Context) error {
 		if comment.DependentIssue == nil {
 			comment.DependentIssue = issues[comment.DependentIssueID]
 			if comment.DependentIssue != nil {
-				if err := comment.DependentIssue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+				if err := comment.DependentIssue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/models/issue_label.go b/models/issue_label.go
index 453a0b14a9..016109e80f 100644
--- a/models/issue_label.go
+++ b/models/issue_label.go
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ func newIssueLabel(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *user_m
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ func newIssueLabel(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *user_m
 		Label:   label,
 		Content: "1",
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ func NewIssueLabel(issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *user_model.User) (err error
 	defer committer.Close()
 	sess := db.GetEngine(ctx)
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ func NewIssueLabel(issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *user_model.User) (err error
 // newIssueLabels add labels to an issue. It will check if the labels are valid for the issue
 func newIssueLabels(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, labels []*Label, doer *user_model.User) (err error) {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	for _, label := range labels {
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ func deleteIssueLabel(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *use
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if err = issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ func deleteIssueLabel(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, label *Label, doer *use
 		Issue: issue,
 		Label: label,
 	}
-	if _, err = createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+	if _, err = CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/issue_list.go b/models/issue_list.go
index 8d7a3121b0..3116b49d8a 100644
--- a/models/issue_list.go
+++ b/models/issue_list.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ func (issues IssueList) loadMilestones(e db.Engine) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
+	milestoneMaps := make(map[int64]*issues_model.Milestone, len(milestoneIDs))
 	left := len(milestoneIDs)
 	for left > 0 {
 		limit := defaultMaxInSize
diff --git a/models/issue_lock.go b/models/issue_lock.go
index 20e94c7b21..a122f618d0 100644
--- a/models/issue_lock.go
+++ b/models/issue_lock.go
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func updateIssueLock(opts *IssueLockOptions, lock bool) error {
 	}
 	defer committer.Close()
 
-	if err := updateIssueCols(ctx, opts.Issue, "is_locked"); err != nil {
+	if err := UpdateIssueCols(ctx, opts.Issue, "is_locked"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func updateIssueLock(opts *IssueLockOptions, lock bool) error {
 		Type:    commentType,
 		Content: opts.Reason,
 	}
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, opt); err != nil {
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opt); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/issue_project.go b/models/issue_project.go
index 526ac95152..0e993b39c5 100644
--- a/models/issue_project.go
+++ b/models/issue_project.go
@@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ func addUpdateIssueProject(ctx context.Context, issue *Issue, doer *user_model.U
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if oldProjectID > 0 || newProjectID > 0 {
-		if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+		if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 			Type:         CommentTypeProject,
 			Doer:         doer,
 			Repo:         issue.Repo,
diff --git a/models/issue_stopwatch.go b/models/issue_stopwatch.go
index 3be9ad4e3f..80dd44642e 100644
--- a/models/issue_stopwatch.go
+++ b/models/issue_stopwatch.go
@@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ func FinishIssueStopwatch(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Iss
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Doer:    user,
 		Issue:   issue,
 		Repo:    issue.Repo,
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func FinishIssueStopwatch(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Iss
 // CreateIssueStopwatch creates a stopwatch if not exist, otherwise return an error
 func CreateIssueStopwatch(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Issue) error {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -208,11 +208,11 @@ func CreateIssueStopwatch(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Iss
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Doer:  user,
 		Issue: issue,
 		Repo:  issue.Repo,
@@ -249,11 +249,11 @@ func cancelStopwatch(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, issue *Issue) e
 			return err
 		}
 
-		if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+		if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 			Doer:  user,
 			Issue: issue,
 			Repo:  issue.Repo,
diff --git a/models/issue_test.go b/models/issue_test.go
index 71e0e8a2f7..7893df8a7f 100644
--- a/models/issue_test.go
+++ b/models/issue_test.go
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/foreignreference"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ func TestUpdateIssueCols(t *testing.T) {
 	issue.Content = "This should have no effect"
 
 	now := time.Now().Unix()
-	assert.NoError(t, updateIssueCols(db.DefaultContext, issue, "name"))
+	assert.NoError(t, UpdateIssueCols(db.DefaultContext, issue, "name"))
 	then := time.Now().Unix()
 
 	updatedIssue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Issue{ID: issue.ID}).(*Issue)
@@ -568,3 +569,23 @@ func TestIssueForeignReference(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, found.Index, issue.Index)
 }
+
+func TestMilestoneList_LoadTotalTrackedTimes(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	miles := issues_model.MilestoneList{
+		unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone),
+	}
+
+	assert.NoError(t, miles.LoadTotalTrackedTimes())
+
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(3682), miles[0].TotalTrackedTime)
+}
+
+func TestLoadTotalTrackedTime(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, milestone.LoadTotalTrackedTime())
+
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(3682), milestone.TotalTrackedTime)
+}
diff --git a/models/issue_tracked_time.go b/models/issue_tracked_time.go
index 2d7bef19e1..e675c79193 100644
--- a/models/issue_tracked_time.go
+++ b/models/issue_tracked_time.go
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func (t *TrackedTime) loadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return
 		}
-		err = t.Issue.loadRepo(ctx)
+		err = t.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return
 		}
@@ -170,11 +170,11 @@ func AddTime(user *user_model.User, issue *Issue, amount int64, created time.Tim
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Issue:   issue,
 		Repo:    issue.Repo,
 		Doer:    user,
@@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ func DeleteIssueUserTimes(issue *Issue, user *user_model.User) error {
 		return ErrNotExist{}
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Issue:   issue,
 		Repo:    issue.Repo,
 		Doer:    user,
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ func DeleteTime(t *TrackedTime) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	if _, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Issue:   t.Issue,
 		Repo:    t.Issue.Repo,
 		Doer:    t.User,
diff --git a/models/issue_xref.go b/models/issue_xref.go
index 7b2f097c1c..405f1dae22 100644
--- a/models/issue_xref.go
+++ b/models/issue_xref.go
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) createCrossReferences(stdCtx context.Context, ctx *crossRefe
 			RefAction:    xref.Action,
 			RefIsPull:    ctx.OrigIssue.IsPull,
 		}
-		_, err := createComment(stdCtx, opts)
+		_, err := CreateCommentCtx(stdCtx, opts)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) getCrossReferences(stdCtx context.Context, ctx *crossReferen
 	for _, ref := range allrefs {
 		if ref.Owner == "" && ref.Name == "" {
 			// Issues in the same repository
-			if err := ctx.OrigIssue.loadRepo(stdCtx); err != nil {
+			if err := ctx.OrigIssue.LoadRepo(stdCtx); err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
 			refRepo = ctx.OrigIssue.Repo
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ func (issue *Issue) verifyReferencedIssue(stdCtx context.Context, ctx *crossRefe
 	if has, _ := e.Get(refIssue); !has {
 		return nil, references.XRefActionNone, nil
 	}
-	if err := refIssue.loadRepo(stdCtx); err != nil {
+	if err := refIssue.LoadRepo(stdCtx); err != nil {
 		return nil, references.XRefActionNone, err
 	}
 
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func (comment *Comment) LoadRefIssue() (err error) {
 	}
 	comment.RefIssue, err = GetIssueByID(comment.RefIssueID)
 	if err == nil {
-		err = comment.RefIssue.loadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
+		err = comment.RefIssue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	}
 	return
 }
diff --git a/models/issues/main_test.go b/models/issues/main_test.go
index 1c786d005f..bec6176abd 100644
--- a/models/issues/main_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/main_test.go
@@ -22,5 +22,6 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 		"reaction.yml",
 		"user.yml",
 		"repository.yml",
+		"milestone.yml",
 	)
 }
diff --git a/models/issue_milestone.go b/models/issues/milestone.go
index a321718513..07c38754d4 100644
--- a/models/issue_milestone.go
+++ b/models/issues/milestone.go
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-package models
+package issues
 
 import (
 	"context"
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
-	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@@ -20,6 +19,26 @@ import (
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
 
+// ErrMilestoneNotExist represents a "MilestoneNotExist" kind of error.
+type ErrMilestoneNotExist struct {
+	ID     int64
+	RepoID int64
+	Name   string
+}
+
+// IsErrMilestoneNotExist checks if an error is a ErrMilestoneNotExist.
+func IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err error) bool {
+	_, ok := err.(ErrMilestoneNotExist)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func (err ErrMilestoneNotExist) Error() string {
+	if len(err.Name) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("milestone does not exist [name: %s, repo_id: %d]", err.Name, err.RepoID)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("milestone does not exist [id: %d, repo_id: %d]", err.ID, err.RepoID)
+}
+
 // Milestone represents a milestone of repository.
 type Milestone struct {
 	ID              int64                  `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
@@ -105,9 +124,10 @@ func NewMilestone(m *Milestone) (err error) {
 	return committer.Commit()
 }
 
-func getMilestoneByRepoID(e db.Engine, repoID, id int64) (*Milestone, error) {
+// GetMilestoneByRepoID returns the milestone in a repository.
+func GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx context.Context, repoID, id int64) (*Milestone, error) {
 	m := new(Milestone)
-	has, err := e.ID(id).Where("repo_id=?", repoID).Get(m)
+	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(id).Where("repo_id=?", repoID).Get(m)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !has {
@@ -116,11 +136,6 @@ func getMilestoneByRepoID(e db.Engine, repoID, id int64) (*Milestone, error) {
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-// GetMilestoneByRepoID returns the milestone in a repository.
-func GetMilestoneByRepoID(repoID, id int64) (*Milestone, error) {
-	return getMilestoneByRepoID(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext), repoID, id)
-}
-
 // GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName return a milestone if one exist by name and repo
 func GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(repoID int64, name string) (*Milestone, error) {
 	var mile Milestone
@@ -166,11 +181,11 @@ func updateMilestone(ctx context.Context, m *Milestone) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, m.ID)
+	return UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, m.ID)
 }
 
-// updateMilestoneCounters calculates NumIssues, NumClosesIssues and Completeness
-func updateMilestoneCounters(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+// UpdateMilestoneCounters calculates NumIssues, NumClosesIssues and Completeness
+func UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
 	_, err := e.ID(id).
 		SetExpr("num_issues", builder.Select("count(*)").From("issue").Where(
@@ -250,65 +265,9 @@ func changeMilestoneStatus(ctx context.Context, m *Milestone, isClosed bool) err
 	return updateRepoMilestoneNum(ctx, m.RepoID)
 }
 
-func changeMilestoneAssign(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, issue *Issue, oldMilestoneID int64) error {
-	if err := updateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "milestone_id"); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if oldMilestoneID > 0 {
-		if err := updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, oldMilestoneID); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		if err := updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if oldMilestoneID > 0 || issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
-		if err := issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		opts := &CreateCommentOptions{
-			Type:           CommentTypeMilestone,
-			Doer:           doer,
-			Repo:           issue.Repo,
-			Issue:          issue,
-			OldMilestoneID: oldMilestoneID,
-			MilestoneID:    issue.MilestoneID,
-		}
-		if _, err := createComment(ctx, opts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ChangeMilestoneAssign changes assignment of milestone for issue.
-func ChangeMilestoneAssign(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldMilestoneID int64) (err error) {
-	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer committer.Close()
-
-	if err = changeMilestoneAssign(ctx, doer, issue, oldMilestoneID); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err = committer.Commit(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Commit: %v", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 // DeleteMilestoneByRepoID deletes a milestone from a repository.
 func DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(repoID, id int64) error {
-	m, err := GetMilestoneByRepoID(repoID, id)
+	m, err := GetMilestoneByRepoID(db.DefaultContext, repoID, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		if IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			return nil
diff --git a/models/issue_milestone_test.go b/models/issues/milestone_test.go
index 6593f78fa1..09f51de45c 100644
--- a/models/issue_milestone_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/milestone_test.go
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-package models
+package issues
 
 import (
 	"sort"
@@ -11,10 +11,8 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
-	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
@@ -25,28 +23,15 @@ func TestMilestone_State(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, api.StateClosed, (&Milestone{IsClosed: true}).State())
 }
 
-func TestNewMilestone(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	milestone := &Milestone{
-		RepoID:  1,
-		Name:    "milestoneName",
-		Content: "milestoneContent",
-	}
-
-	assert.NoError(t, NewMilestone(milestone))
-	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, milestone)
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &Milestone{})
-}
-
 func TestGetMilestoneByRepoID(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 
-	milestone, err := GetMilestoneByRepoID(1, 1)
+	milestone, err := GetMilestoneByRepoID(db.DefaultContext, 1, 1)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, milestone.ID)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, milestone.RepoID)
 
-	_, err = GetMilestoneByRepoID(unittest.NonexistentID, unittest.NonexistentID)
+	_, err = GetMilestoneByRepoID(db.DefaultContext, unittest.NonexistentID, unittest.NonexistentID)
 	assert.True(t, IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err))
 }
 
@@ -160,18 +145,6 @@ func TestGetMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestUpdateMilestone(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-
-	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone)
-	milestone.Name = " newMilestoneName  "
-	milestone.Content = "newMilestoneContent"
-	assert.NoError(t, UpdateMilestone(milestone, milestone.IsClosed))
-	milestone = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone)
-	assert.EqualValues(t, "newMilestoneName", milestone.Name)
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &Milestone{})
-}
-
 func TestCountRepoMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	test := func(repoID int64) {
@@ -206,78 +179,6 @@ func TestCountRepoClosedMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, count)
 }
 
-func TestChangeMilestoneStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone)
-
-	assert.NoError(t, ChangeMilestoneStatus(milestone, true))
-	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}, "is_closed=1")
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &Milestone{})
-
-	assert.NoError(t, ChangeMilestoneStatus(milestone, false))
-	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}, "is_closed=0")
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: milestone.RepoID}, &Milestone{})
-}
-
-func TestUpdateMilestoneCounters(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Issue{MilestoneID: 1},
-		"is_closed=0").(*Issue)
-
-	issue.IsClosed = true
-	issue.ClosedUnix = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
-	_, err := db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(issue.ID).Cols("is_closed", "closed_unix").Update(issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, updateMilestoneCounters(db.DefaultContext, issue.MilestoneID))
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &Milestone{})
-
-	issue.IsClosed = false
-	issue.ClosedUnix = 0
-	_, err = db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).ID(issue.ID).Cols("is_closed", "closed_unix").Update(issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, updateMilestoneCounters(db.DefaultContext, issue.MilestoneID))
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &Milestone{})
-}
-
-func TestChangeMilestoneAssign(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Issue{RepoID: 1}).(*Issue)
-	doer := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
-	assert.NotNil(t, issue)
-	assert.NotNil(t, doer)
-
-	oldMilestoneID := issue.MilestoneID
-	issue.MilestoneID = 2
-	assert.NoError(t, ChangeMilestoneAssign(issue, doer, oldMilestoneID))
-	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Comment{
-		IssueID:        issue.ID,
-		Type:           CommentTypeMilestone,
-		MilestoneID:    issue.MilestoneID,
-		OldMilestoneID: oldMilestoneID,
-	})
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &Milestone{}, &Issue{})
-}
-
-func TestDeleteMilestoneByRepoID(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	assert.NoError(t, DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(1, 1))
-	unittest.AssertNotExistsBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1})
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1})
-
-	assert.NoError(t, DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(unittest.NonexistentID, unittest.NonexistentID))
-}
-
-func TestMilestoneList_LoadTotalTrackedTimes(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	miles := MilestoneList{
-		unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone),
-	}
-
-	assert.NoError(t, miles.LoadTotalTrackedTimes())
-
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(3682), miles[0].TotalTrackedTime)
-}
-
 func TestCountMilestonesByRepoIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	milestonesCount := func(repoID int64) (int, int) {
@@ -343,15 +244,6 @@ func TestGetMilestonesByRepoIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestLoadTotalTrackedTime(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone)
-
-	assert.NoError(t, milestone.LoadTotalTrackedTime())
-
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(3682), milestone.TotalTrackedTime)
-}
-
 func TestGetMilestonesStats(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 
diff --git a/models/main_test.go b/models/main_test.go
index 08cb2386c0..00da59cbe6 100644
--- a/models/main_test.go
+++ b/models/main_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ package models
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ func TestFixturesAreConsistent(t *testing.T) {
 		&repo_model.Repository{},
 		&Issue{},
 		&PullRequest{},
-		&Milestone{},
+		&issues_model.Milestone{},
 		&Label{},
 		&organization.Team{},
 		&Action{})
diff --git a/models/migrate.go b/models/migrate.go
index 2470fd4336..7b12bc9c93 100644
--- a/models/migrate.go
+++ b/models/migrate.go
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
 
 // InsertMilestones creates milestones of repository.
-func InsertMilestones(ms ...*Milestone) (err error) {
+func InsertMilestones(ms ...*issues_model.Milestone) (err error) {
 	if len(ms) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
diff --git a/models/migrate_test.go b/models/migrate_test.go
index 6da434d76a..ce28b3ca7c 100644
--- a/models/migrate_test.go
+++ b/models/migrate_test.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/foreignreference"
 	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ func TestMigrate_InsertMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 	reponame := "repo1"
 	repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{Name: reponame}).(*repo_model.Repository)
 	name := "milestonetest1"
-	ms := &Milestone{
+	ms := &issues_model.Milestone{
 		RepoID: repo.ID,
 		Name:   name,
 	}
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ func TestMigrate_InsertMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 	repoModified := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: repo.ID}).(*repo_model.Repository)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, repo.NumMilestones+1, repoModified.NumMilestones)
 
-	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &Milestone{})
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Milestone{})
 }
 
 func assertCreateIssues(t *testing.T, isPull bool) {
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ func assertCreateIssues(t *testing.T, isPull bool) {
 	repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{Name: reponame}).(*repo_model.Repository)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	label := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Label{ID: 1}).(*Label)
-	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Milestone{ID: 1}).(*Milestone)
+	milestone := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Milestone{ID: 1}).(*issues_model.Milestone)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, milestone.ID, 1)
 	reaction := &issues_model.Reaction{
 		Type:   "heart",
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ func TestMigrate_CreateIssuesIsPullTrue(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMigrate_InsertIssueComments(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &Issue{ID: 1}).(*Issue)
-	_ = issue.LoadRepo()
+	_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
 	owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID}).(*user_model.User)
 	reaction := &issues_model.Reaction{
 		Type:   "heart",
diff --git a/models/notification.go b/models/notification.go
index 9d0dc38aa4..a1248c240b 100644
--- a/models/notification.go
+++ b/models/notification.go
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func createOrUpdateIssueNotifications(ctx context.Context, issueID, commentID, n
 		}
 	}
 
-	err = issue.loadRepo(ctx)
+	err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/models/pull.go b/models/pull.go
index 6abd9f04b2..439005deb4 100644
--- a/models/pull.go
+++ b/models/pull.go
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ func (pr *PullRequest) SetMerged() (bool, error) {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("PullRequest[%d] already closed", pr.Index)
 	}
 
-	if err := pr.Issue.loadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
 
diff --git a/models/repo.go b/models/repo.go
index 628a102ee2..5073d1ceb9 100644
--- a/models/repo.go
+++ b/models/repo.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	admin_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/admin"
 	asymkey_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/asymkey"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	project_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/project"
@@ -698,7 +699,7 @@ func DeleteRepository(doer *user_model.User, uid, repoID int64) error {
 		&webhook.HookTask{RepoID: repoID},
 		&LFSLock{RepoID: repoID},
 		&repo_model.LanguageStat{RepoID: repoID},
-		&Milestone{RepoID: repoID},
+		&issues_model.Milestone{RepoID: repoID},
 		&repo_model.Mirror{RepoID: repoID},
 		&Notification{RepoID: repoID},
 		&ProtectedBranch{RepoID: repoID},
@@ -945,10 +946,6 @@ func labelStatsCorrectNumClosedIssuesRepo(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 
 var milestoneStatsQueryNumIssues = "SELECT `milestone`.id FROM `milestone` WHERE `milestone`.num_closed_issues!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE `issue`.milestone_id=`milestone`.id AND `issue`.is_closed=?) OR `milestone`.num_issues!=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `issue` WHERE `issue`.milestone_id=`milestone`.id)"
 
-func milestoneStatsCorrectNumIssues(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
-	return updateMilestoneCounters(ctx, id)
-}
-
 func milestoneStatsCorrectNumIssuesRepo(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
 	results, err := e.Query(milestoneStatsQueryNumIssues+" AND `milestone`.repo_id = ?", true, id)
@@ -957,7 +954,7 @@ func milestoneStatsCorrectNumIssuesRepo(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 	}
 	for _, result := range results {
 		id, _ := strconv.ParseInt(string(result["id"]), 10, 64)
-		err = milestoneStatsCorrectNumIssues(ctx, id)
+		err = issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -1049,7 +1046,7 @@ func CheckRepoStats(ctx context.Context) error {
 		// Milestone.Num{,Closed}Issues
 		{
 			statsQuery(milestoneStatsQueryNumIssues, true),
-			milestoneStatsCorrectNumIssues,
+			issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters,
 			"milestone count 'num_closed_issues' and 'num_issues'",
 		},
 		// User.NumRepos
diff --git a/models/review.go b/models/review.go
index f360d459cf..51818bc722 100644
--- a/models/review.go
+++ b/models/review.go
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ func SubmitReview(doer *user_model.User, issue *Issue, reviewType ReviewType, co
 		}
 	}
 
-	comm, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	comm, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:        CommentTypeReview,
 		Doer:        doer,
 		Content:     review.Content,
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ func AddReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer, doer *user_model.User) (*Comment,
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	comment, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:            CommentTypeReviewRequest,
 		Doer:            doer,
 		Repo:            issue.Repo,
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ func RemoveReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer, doer *user_model.User) (*Commen
 		}
 	}
 
-	comment, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:            CommentTypeReviewRequest,
 		Doer:            doer,
 		Repo:            issue.Repo,
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ func AddTeamReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer *organization.Team, doer *user_
 		}
 	}
 
-	comment, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:            CommentTypeReviewRequest,
 		Doer:            doer,
 		Repo:            issue.Repo,
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ func AddTeamReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer *organization.Team, doer *user_
 		ReviewID:        review.ID,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("createComment(): %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("CreateCommentCtx(): %v", err)
 	}
 
 	return comment, committer.Commit()
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ func RemoveTeamReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer *organization.Team, doer *us
 		return nil, committer.Commit()
 	}
 
-	comment, err := createComment(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
+	comment, err := CreateCommentCtx(ctx, &CreateCommentOptions{
 		Type:            CommentTypeReviewRequest,
 		Doer:            doer,
 		Repo:            issue.Repo,
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ func RemoveTeamReviewRequest(issue *Issue, reviewer *organization.Team, doer *us
 		AssigneeTeamID:  reviewer.ID, // Use AssigneeTeamID as reviewer team ID
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("createComment(): %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("CreateCommentCtx(): %v", err)
 	}
 
 	return comment, committer.Commit()
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ func CanMarkConversation(issue *Issue, doer *user_model.User) (permResult bool,
 	}
 
 	if doer.ID != issue.PosterID {
-		if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+		if err = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
 
diff --git a/models/statistic.go b/models/statistic.go
index a63cc2878b..87c1bd6d75 100644
--- a/models/statistic.go
+++ b/models/statistic.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	asymkey_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/asymkey"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	project_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/project"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ func GetStatistic() (stats Statistic) {
 	stats.Counter.Release, _ = e.Count(new(Release))
 	stats.Counter.AuthSource = auth.CountSources()
 	stats.Counter.Webhook, _ = e.Count(new(webhook.Webhook))
-	stats.Counter.Milestone, _ = e.Count(new(Milestone))
+	stats.Counter.Milestone, _ = e.Count(new(issues_model.Milestone))
 	stats.Counter.Label, _ = e.Count(new(Label))
 	stats.Counter.HookTask, _ = e.Count(new(webhook.HookTask))
 	stats.Counter.Team, _ = e.Count(new(organization.Team))
diff --git a/modules/convert/issue.go b/modules/convert/issue.go
index 4972b070a7..6cdb10f7da 100644
--- a/modules/convert/issue.go
+++ b/modules/convert/issue.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ func ToAPIIssue(issue *models.Issue) *api.Issue {
 	if err := issue.LoadPoster(); err != nil {
 		return &api.Issue{}
 	}
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		return &api.Issue{}
 	}
 	if err := issue.Repo.GetOwner(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ func ToLabelList(labels []*models.Label, repo *repo_model.Repository, org *user_
 }
 
 // ToAPIMilestone converts Milestone into API Format
-func ToAPIMilestone(m *models.Milestone) *api.Milestone {
+func ToAPIMilestone(m *issues_model.Milestone) *api.Milestone {
 	apiMilestone := &api.Milestone{
 		ID:           m.ID,
 		State:        m.State(),
diff --git a/modules/convert/issue_test.go b/modules/convert/issue_test.go
index fb75413eab..b237c18f69 100644
--- a/modules/convert/issue_test.go
+++ b/modules/convert/issue_test.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ func TestLabel_ToLabel(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestMilestone_APIFormat(t *testing.T) {
-	milestone := &models.Milestone{
+	milestone := &issues_model.Milestone{
 		ID:              3,
 		RepoID:          4,
 		Name:            "milestoneName",
diff --git a/modules/convert/pull.go b/modules/convert/pull.go
index cea1028e16..9c53afe8f3 100644
--- a/modules/convert/pull.go
+++ b/modules/convert/pull.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func ToAPIPullRequest(ctx context.Context, pr *models.PullRequest, doer *user_mo
 		err        error
 	)
 
-	if err = pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("pr.Issue.LoadRepo[%d]: %v", pr.ID, err)
 		return nil
 	}
diff --git a/modules/notification/action/action.go b/modules/notification/action/action.go
index bab28db475..547498a9dc 100644
--- a/modules/notification/action/action.go
+++ b/modules/notification/action/action.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/graceful"
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ func (a *actionNotifier) NotifyNewIssue(issue *models.Issue, mentions []*user_mo
 		log.Error("issue.LoadPoster: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		log.Error("issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ func (a *actionNotifier) NotifyNewPullRequest(pull *models.PullRequest, mentions
 		log.Error("pull.LoadIssue: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := pull.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pull.Issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		log.Error("pull.Issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/modules/notification/mail/mail.go b/modules/notification/mail/mail.go
index b74482fbf7..6636d18b99 100644
--- a/modules/notification/mail/mail.go
+++ b/modules/notification/mail/mail.go
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func (m *mailNotifier) NotifyPullRequestPushCommits(doer *user_model.User, pr *m
 		log.Error("comment.LoadIssue: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err = comment.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = comment.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("comment.Issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/modules/notification/webhook/webhook.go b/modules/notification/webhook/webhook.go
index 94d4d180be..d24440d585 100644
--- a/modules/notification/webhook/webhook.go
+++ b/modules/notification/webhook/webhook.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	packages_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/packages"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ func (m *webhookNotifier) NotifyIssueClearLabels(doer *user_model.User, issue *m
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -282,7 +283,7 @@ func (m *webhookNotifier) NotifyIssueChangeStatus(doer *user_model.User, issue *
 }
 
 func (m *webhookNotifier) NotifyNewIssue(issue *models.Issue, mentions []*user_model.User) {
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		log.Error("issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ func (m *webhookNotifier) NotifyNewPullRequest(pull *models.PullRequest, mention
 		log.Error("pull.LoadIssue: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := pull.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pull.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("pull.Issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -507,7 +508,7 @@ func (m *webhookNotifier) NotifyIssueChangeLabels(doer *user_model.User, issue *
 
 	var err error
 
-	if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -634,7 +635,7 @@ func (*webhookNotifier) NotifyMergePullRequest(pr *models.PullRequest, doer *use
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("pr.Issue.LoadRepo: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
index cd05ce12ca..083fe8f0b9 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -405,12 +406,12 @@ func ListIssues(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		for i := range part {
 			// uses names and fall back to ids
 			// non existent milestones are discarded
-			mile, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, part[i])
+			mile, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, part[i])
 			if err == nil {
 				mileIDs = append(mileIDs, mile.ID)
 				continue
 			}
-			if !models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+			if !issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 				ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName", err)
 				return
 			}
@@ -418,12 +419,12 @@ func ListIssues(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 			if err != nil {
 				continue
 			}
-			mile, err = models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
+			mile, err = issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
 			if err == nil {
 				mileIDs = append(mileIDs, mile.ID)
 				continue
 			}
-			if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+			if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 				continue
 			}
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetMilestoneByRepoID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
index 3b4b85158c..ce6aa7f46f 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/convert"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func ListMilestones(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "200":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/MilestoneList"
 
-	milestones, total, err := models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	milestones, total, err := issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		ListOptions: utils.GetListOptions(ctx),
 		RepoID:      ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
 		State:       api.StateType(ctx.FormString("state")),
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func CreateMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		form.Deadline = &defaultDeadline
 	}
 
-	milestone := &models.Milestone{
+	milestone := &issues_model.Milestone{
 		RepoID:       ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
 		Name:         form.Title,
 		Content:      form.Description,
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func CreateMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		milestone.ClosedDateUnix = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
 	}
 
-	if err := models.NewMilestone(milestone); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.NewMilestone(milestone); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "NewMilestone", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ func EditMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		milestone.IsClosed = *form.State == string(api.StateClosed)
 	}
 
-	if err := models.UpdateMilestone(milestone, oldIsClosed); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.UpdateMilestone(milestone, oldIsClosed); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "UpdateMilestone", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := models.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, m.ID); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, m.ID); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "DeleteMilestoneByRepoID", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -263,23 +263,23 @@ func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 // getMilestoneByIDOrName get milestone by ID and if not available by name
-func getMilestoneByIDOrName(ctx *context.APIContext) *models.Milestone {
+func getMilestoneByIDOrName(ctx *context.APIContext) *issues_model.Milestone {
 	mile := ctx.Params(":id")
 	mileID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(mile, 0, 64)
 
 	if mileID != 0 {
-		milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, mileID)
+		milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, mileID)
 		if err == nil {
 			return milestone
-		} else if !models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		} else if !issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetMilestoneByRepoID", err)
 			return nil
 		}
 	}
 
-	milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, mile)
+	milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, mile)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
 			return nil
 		}
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
index bb922ddb23..94262f81d1 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -342,9 +343,9 @@ func CreatePullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	}
 
 	if form.Milestone > 0 {
-		milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, form.Milestone)
+		milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, form.Milestone)
 		if err != nil {
-			if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+			if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 				ctx.NotFound()
 			} else {
 				ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetMilestoneByRepoID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
index 331b78e1d8..3b36f28326 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func ListPullReviews(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err = pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ func CreatePullReview(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "pr.Issue.LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ func apiReviewRequest(ctx *context.APIContext, opts api.PullReviewRequestOptions
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "pr.Issue.LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue.go b/routers/web/repo/issue.go
index 1fd60812f9..3ca193a15e 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue.go
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ func Issues(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	var err error
 	// Get milestones
-	ctx.Data["Milestones"], _, err = models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	ctx.Data["Milestones"], _, err = issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		RepoID: ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
 		State:  api.StateType(ctx.FormString("state")),
 	})
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ func Issues(ctx *context.Context) {
 // RetrieveRepoMilestonesAndAssignees find all the milestones and assignees of a repository
 func RetrieveRepoMilestonesAndAssignees(ctx *context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) {
 	var err error
-	ctx.Data["OpenMilestones"], _, err = models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	ctx.Data["OpenMilestones"], _, err = issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		RepoID: repo.ID,
 		State:  api.StateOpen,
 	})
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ func RetrieveRepoMilestonesAndAssignees(ctx *context.Context, repo *repo_model.R
 		ctx.ServerError("GetMilestones", err)
 		return
 	}
-	ctx.Data["ClosedMilestones"], _, err = models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	ctx.Data["ClosedMilestones"], _, err = issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		RepoID: repo.ID,
 		State:  api.StateClosed,
 	})
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ func NewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	milestoneID := ctx.FormInt64("milestone")
 	if milestoneID > 0 {
-		milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
+		milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("GetMilestoneByID: %d: %v", milestoneID, err)
 		} else {
@@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ func ValidateRepoMetas(ctx *context.Context, form forms.CreateIssueForm, isPull
 	// Check milestone.
 	milestoneID := form.MilestoneID
 	if milestoneID > 0 {
-		milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
+		milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
 		if err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetMilestoneByID", err)
 			return nil, nil, 0, 0
@@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@ func ViewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
 						ctx.ServerError("GetIssueByID", err)
 						return
 					}
-					if err = otherIssue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+					if err = otherIssue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 						ctx.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
 						return
 					}
@@ -1405,7 +1405,7 @@ func ViewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
 				ctx.ServerError("LoadMilestone", err)
 				return
 			}
-			ghostMilestone := &models.Milestone{
+			ghostMilestone := &issues_model.Milestone{
 				ID:   -1,
 				Name: ctx.Tr("repo.issues.deleted_milestone"),
 			}
@@ -1994,7 +1994,7 @@ func UpdatePullReviewRequest(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	for _, issue := range issues {
-		if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+		if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("issue.LoadRepo", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -2344,12 +2344,12 @@ func ListIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 		for i := range part {
 			// uses names and fall back to ids
 			// non existent milestones are discarded
-			mile, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, part[i])
+			mile, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoIDANDName(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, part[i])
 			if err == nil {
 				mileIDs = append(mileIDs, mile.ID)
 				continue
 			}
-			if !models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+			if !issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 				ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error())
 				return
 			}
@@ -2357,12 +2357,12 @@ func ListIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 			if err != nil {
 				continue
 			}
-			mile, err = models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
+			mile, err = issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
 			if err == nil {
 				mileIDs = append(mileIDs, mile.ID)
 				continue
 			}
-			if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+			if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 				continue
 			}
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error())
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go b/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
index d43cb373a2..ec713238c6 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func AddDependency(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	depID := ctx.FormInt64("newDependency")
 
-	if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func RemoveDependency(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	depID := ctx.FormInt64("removeDependencyID")
 
-	if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue_stopwatch.go b/routers/web/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
index 8e8f9555a3..7ef80e7725 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
@@ -64,18 +64,18 @@ func CancelStopwatch(c *context.Context) {
 }
 
 // GetActiveStopwatch is the middleware that sets .ActiveStopwatch on context
-func GetActiveStopwatch(c *context.Context) {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(c.Req.URL.Path, "/api") {
+func GetActiveStopwatch(ctx *context.Context) {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(ctx.Req.URL.Path, "/api") {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if !c.IsSigned {
+	if !ctx.IsSigned {
 		return
 	}
 
-	_, sw, err := models.HasUserStopwatch(c.Doer.ID)
+	_, sw, err := models.HasUserStopwatch(ctx.Doer.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.ServerError("HasUserStopwatch", err)
+		ctx.ServerError("HasUserStopwatch", err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -85,15 +85,15 @@ func GetActiveStopwatch(c *context.Context) {
 
 	issue, err := models.GetIssueByID(sw.IssueID)
 	if err != nil || issue == nil {
-		c.ServerError("GetIssueByID", err)
+		ctx.ServerError("GetIssueByID", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
-		c.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
+	if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+		ctx.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	c.Data["ActiveStopwatch"] = StopwatchTmplInfo{
+	ctx.Data["ActiveStopwatch"] = StopwatchTmplInfo{
 		issue.Link(),
 		issue.Repo.FullName(),
 		issue.Index,
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/milestone.go b/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
index df5fd411b4..1e75bd79fb 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"time"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func Milestones(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["PageIsMilestones"] = true
 
 	isShowClosed := ctx.FormString("state") == "closed"
-	stats, err := models.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCond(builder.And(builder.Eq{"id": ctx.Repo.Repository.ID}))
+	stats, err := issues_model.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCond(builder.And(builder.Eq{"id": ctx.Repo.Repository.ID}))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("MilestoneStats", err)
 		return
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func Milestones(ctx *context.Context) {
 		state = structs.StateClosed
 	}
 
-	miles, total, err := models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	miles, total, err := issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{
 			Page:     page,
 			PageSize: setting.UI.IssuePagingNum,
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func NewMilestonePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	deadline = time.Date(deadline.Year(), deadline.Month(), deadline.Day(), 23, 59, 59, 0, deadline.Location())
-	if err = models.NewMilestone(&models.Milestone{
+	if err = issues_model.NewMilestone(&issues_model.Milestone{
 		RepoID:       ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
 		Name:         form.Title,
 		Content:      form.Content,
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ func EditMilestone(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["PageIsMilestones"] = true
 	ctx.Data["PageIsEditMilestone"] = true
 
-	m, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
 		} else {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetMilestoneByRepoID", err)
@@ -203,9 +203,9 @@ func EditMilestonePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	deadline = time.Date(deadline.Year(), deadline.Month(), deadline.Day(), 23, 59, 59, 0, deadline.Location())
-	m, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
 		} else {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetMilestoneByRepoID", err)
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func EditMilestonePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	m.Name = form.Title
 	m.Content = form.Content
 	m.DeadlineUnix = timeutil.TimeStamp(deadline.Unix())
-	if err = models.UpdateMilestone(m, m.IsClosed); err != nil {
+	if err = issues_model.UpdateMilestone(m, m.IsClosed); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("UpdateMilestone", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ func ChangeMilestoneStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
 
-	if err := models.ChangeMilestoneStatusByRepoIDAndID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id, toClose); err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+	if err := issues_model.ChangeMilestoneStatusByRepoIDAndID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id, toClose); err != nil {
+		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", err)
 		} else {
 			ctx.ServerError("ChangeMilestoneStatusByIDAndRepoID", err)
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ func ChangeMilestoneStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteMilestone delete a milestone
 func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.Context) {
-	if err := models.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.FormInt64("id")); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.DeleteMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.FormInt64("id")); err != nil {
 		ctx.Flash.Error("DeleteMilestoneByRepoID: " + err.Error())
 	} else {
 		ctx.Flash.Success(ctx.Tr("repo.milestones.deletion_success"))
@@ -264,9 +264,9 @@ func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.Context) {
 // MilestoneIssuesAndPulls lists all the issues and pull requests of the milestone
 func MilestoneIssuesAndPulls(ctx *context.Context) {
 	milestoneID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
-	milestone, err := models.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
+	milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
+		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetMilestoneByID", err)
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/pull.go b/routers/web/repo/pull.go
index b324ae4d2e..113e2d8421 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/pull.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/pull.go
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ func checkPullInfo(ctx *context.Context) *models.Issue {
 		ctx.ServerError("LoadPoster", err)
 		return nil
 	}
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("LoadRepo", err)
 		return nil
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/user/home.go b/routers/web/user/home.go
index 156cf0fa64..33492aa209 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/home.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/home.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
 	asymkey_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/asymkey"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
@@ -219,13 +220,13 @@ func Milestones(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	counts, err := models.CountMilestonesByRepoCondAndKw(userRepoCond, keyword, isShowClosed)
+	counts, err := issues_model.CountMilestonesByRepoCondAndKw(userRepoCond, keyword, isShowClosed)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("CountMilestonesByRepoIDs", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	milestones, err := models.SearchMilestones(repoCond, page, isShowClosed, sortType, keyword)
+	milestones, err := issues_model.SearchMilestones(repoCond, page, isShowClosed, sortType, keyword)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("SearchMilestones", err)
 		return
@@ -271,17 +272,17 @@ func Milestones(ctx *context.Context) {
 		i++
 	}
 
-	milestoneStats, err := models.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCondAndKw(repoCond, keyword)
+	milestoneStats, err := issues_model.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCondAndKw(repoCond, keyword)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetMilestoneStats", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	var totalMilestoneStats *models.MilestonesStats
+	var totalMilestoneStats *issues_model.MilestonesStats
 	if len(repoIDs) == 0 {
 		totalMilestoneStats = milestoneStats
 	} else {
-		totalMilestoneStats, err = models.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCondAndKw(userRepoCond, keyword)
+		totalMilestoneStats, err = issues_model.GetMilestonesStatsByRepoCondAndKw(userRepoCond, keyword)
 		if err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetMilestoneStats", err)
 			return
diff --git a/services/issue/label.go b/services/issue/label.go
index 9971be326c..e72e1cb521 100644
--- a/services/issue/label.go
+++ b/services/issue/label.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package issue
 
 import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/notification"
 )
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ func AddLabels(issue *models.Issue, doer *user_model.User, labels []*models.Labe
 
 // RemoveLabel removes a label from issue by given ID.
 func RemoveLabel(issue *models.Issue, doer *user_model.User, label *models.Label) error {
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
diff --git a/services/issue/milestone.go b/services/issue/milestone.go
index 999da50844..287f8ae285 100644
--- a/services/issue/milestone.go
+++ b/services/issue/milestone.go
@@ -5,15 +5,68 @@
 package issue
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/notification"
 )
 
+func changeMilestoneAssign(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, issue *models.Issue, oldMilestoneID int64) error {
+	if err := models.UpdateIssueCols(ctx, issue, "milestone_id"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if oldMilestoneID > 0 {
+		if err := issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, oldMilestoneID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
+		if err := issues_model.UpdateMilestoneCounters(ctx, issue.MilestoneID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if oldMilestoneID > 0 || issue.MilestoneID > 0 {
+		if err := issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		opts := &models.CreateCommentOptions{
+			Type:           models.CommentTypeMilestone,
+			Doer:           doer,
+			Repo:           issue.Repo,
+			Issue:          issue,
+			OldMilestoneID: oldMilestoneID,
+			MilestoneID:    issue.MilestoneID,
+		}
+		if _, err := models.CreateCommentCtx(ctx, opts); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // ChangeMilestoneAssign changes assignment of milestone for issue.
 func ChangeMilestoneAssign(issue *models.Issue, doer *user_model.User, oldMilestoneID int64) (err error) {
-	if err = models.ChangeMilestoneAssign(issue, doer, oldMilestoneID); err != nil {
-		return
+	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer committer.Close()
+
+	if err = changeMilestoneAssign(ctx, doer, issue, oldMilestoneID); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = committer.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Commit: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	notification.NotifyIssueChangeMilestone(doer, issue, oldMilestoneID)
diff --git a/services/issue/milestone_test.go b/services/issue/milestone_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80e37a8acd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/issue/milestone_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package issue
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestChangeMilestoneAssign(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{RepoID: 1}).(*models.Issue)
+	doer := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
+	assert.NotNil(t, issue)
+	assert.NotNil(t, doer)
+
+	oldMilestoneID := issue.MilestoneID
+	issue.MilestoneID = 2
+	assert.NoError(t, ChangeMilestoneAssign(issue, doer, oldMilestoneID))
+	unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Comment{
+		IssueID:        issue.ID,
+		Type:           models.CommentTypeMilestone,
+		MilestoneID:    issue.MilestoneID,
+		OldMilestoneID: oldMilestoneID,
+	})
+	unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Milestone{}, &models.Issue{})
+}
diff --git a/services/mailer/mail.go b/services/mailer/mail.go
index 1e90deb4c4..a5b60f71ec 100644
--- a/services/mailer/mail.go
+++ b/services/mailer/mail.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
@@ -404,7 +405,7 @@ func SendIssueAssignedMail(issue *models.Issue, doer *user_model.User, content s
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if err := issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to load repo [%d] for issue #%d [%d]. Error: %v", issue.RepoID, issue.Index, issue.ID, err)
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/services/mailer/mail_issue.go b/services/mailer/mail_issue.go
index 7f0fb9a3e1..c24edf50c9 100644
--- a/services/mailer/mail_issue.go
+++ b/services/mailer/mail_issue.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const (
 // 2. Users who are not in 1. but get mentioned in current issue/comment.
 func mailIssueCommentToParticipants(ctx *mailCommentContext, mentions []*user_model.User) error {
 	// Required by the mail composer; make sure to load these before calling the async function
-	if err := ctx.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := ctx.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("LoadRepo(): %v", err)
 	}
 	if err := ctx.Issue.LoadPoster(); err != nil {
diff --git a/services/mailer/mail_test.go b/services/mailer/mail_test.go
index c06bae1b98..baf426146a 100644
--- a/services/mailer/mail_test.go
+++ b/services/mailer/mail_test.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	texttmpl "text/template"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ func prepareMailerTest(t *testing.T) (doer *user_model.User, repo *repo_model.Re
 	doer = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2}).(*user_model.User)
 	repo = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1, Owner: doer}).(*repo_model.Repository)
 	issue = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Issue{ID: 1, Repo: repo, Poster: doer}).(*models.Issue)
-	assert.NoError(t, issue.LoadRepo())
+	assert.NoError(t, issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext))
 	comment = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &models.Comment{ID: 2, Issue: issue}).(*models.Comment)
 	return
 }
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ func TestTemplateSelection(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestTemplateServices(t *testing.T) {
 	doer, _, issue, comment := prepareMailerTest(t)
-	assert.NoError(t, issue.LoadRepo())
+	assert.NoError(t, issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext))
 
 	expect := func(t *testing.T, issue *models.Issue, comment *models.Comment, doer *user_model.User,
 		actionType models.ActionType, fromMention bool, tplSubject, tplBody, expSubject, expBody string,
diff --git a/services/migrations/gitea_uploader.go b/services/migrations/gitea_uploader.go
index 9d2a7eb41b..8529f24895 100644
--- a/services/migrations/gitea_uploader.go
+++ b/services/migrations/gitea_uploader.go
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) MaxBatchInsertSize(tp string) int {
 	case "comment":
 		return db.MaxBatchInsertSize(new(models.Comment))
 	case "milestone":
-		return db.MaxBatchInsertSize(new(models.Milestone))
+		return db.MaxBatchInsertSize(new(issues_model.Milestone))
 	case "label":
 		return db.MaxBatchInsertSize(new(models.Label))
 	case "release":
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) CreateTopics(topics ...string) error {
 
 // CreateMilestones creates milestones
 func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) CreateMilestones(milestones ...*base.Milestone) error {
-	mss := make([]*models.Milestone, 0, len(milestones))
+	mss := make([]*issues_model.Milestone, 0, len(milestones))
 	for _, milestone := range milestones {
 		var deadline timeutil.TimeStamp
 		if milestone.Deadline != nil {
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) CreateMilestones(milestones ...*base.Milestone) err
 			milestone.Updated = &milestone.Created
 		}
 
-		ms := models.Milestone{
+		ms := issues_model.Milestone{
 			RepoID:       g.repo.ID,
 			Name:         milestone.Title,
 			Content:      milestone.Description,
diff --git a/services/migrations/gitea_uploader_test.go b/services/migrations/gitea_uploader_test.go
index ad5caa4279..51c7ad9717 100644
--- a/services/migrations/gitea_uploader_test.go
+++ b/services/migrations/gitea_uploader_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -65,14 +66,14 @@ func TestGiteaUploadRepo(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, repo.HasWiki())
 	assert.EqualValues(t, repo_model.RepositoryReady, repo.Status)
 
-	milestones, _, err := models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	milestones, _, err := issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		RepoID: repo.ID,
 		State:  structs.StateOpen,
 	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Len(t, milestones, 1)
 
-	milestones, _, err = models.GetMilestones(models.GetMilestonesOption{
+	milestones, _, err = issues_model.GetMilestones(issues_model.GetMilestonesOption{
 		RepoID: repo.ID,
 		State:  structs.StateClosed,
 	})
diff --git a/services/pull/merge.go b/services/pull/merge.go
index 6ecb3cf08e..0c615d93c8 100644
--- a/services/pull/merge.go
+++ b/services/pull/merge.go
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func Merge(ctx context.Context, pr *models.PullRequest, doer *user_model.User, b
 		log.Error("loadIssue [%d]: %v", pr.ID, err)
 	}
 
-	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+	if err := pr.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Error("loadRepo for issue [%d]: %v", pr.ID, err)
 	}
 	if err := pr.Issue.Repo.GetOwner(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func Merge(ctx context.Context, pr *models.PullRequest, doer *user_model.User, b
 		if err = ref.LoadIssue(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if err = ref.Issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+		if err = ref.Issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		close := ref.RefAction == references.XRefActionCloses
diff --git a/services/pull/review.go b/services/pull/review.go
index cb21d736cf..e7e6f3135b 100644
--- a/services/pull/review.go
+++ b/services/pull/review.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func CreateCodeComment(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User, gitRepo *git.
 
 	// Comments that are replies don't require a review header to show up in the issue view
 	if !isReview && existsReview {
-		if err = issue.LoadRepo(); err != nil {
+		if err = issue.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}