Add KaTeX rendering to Markdown. (#20571)

This PR adds mathematical rendering with KaTeX.

The first step is to add a Goldmark extension that detects the latex
(and tex) mathematics delimiters.

The second step to make this extension only run if math support is
enabled.

The second step is to then add KaTeX CSS and JS to the head which will
load after the dom is rendered.

Fix #3445

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>

16 files changed, 976 insertions, 169 deletions

diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/convertyaml.go b/modules/markup/markdown/convertyaml.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f5ebec908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/convertyaml.go
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package markdown
+
+import (
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	east "github.com/yuin/goldmark/extension/ast"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+func nodeToTable(meta *yaml.Node) ast.Node {
+	for {
+		if meta == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		switch meta.Kind {
+		case yaml.DocumentNode:
+			meta = meta.Content[0]
+			continue
+		default:
+		}
+		break
+	}
+	switch meta.Kind {
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		return mappingNodeToTable(meta)
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		return sequenceNodeToTable(meta)
+	default:
+		return ast.NewString([]byte(meta.Value))
+	}
+}
+
+func mappingNodeToTable(meta *yaml.Node) ast.Node {
+	table := east.NewTable()
+	alignments := []east.Alignment{}
+	for i := 0; i < len(meta.Content); i += 2 {
+		alignments = append(alignments, east.AlignNone)
+	}
+
+	headerRow := east.NewTableRow(alignments)
+	valueRow := east.NewTableRow(alignments)
+	for i := 0; i < len(meta.Content); i += 2 {
+		cell := east.NewTableCell()
+
+		cell.AppendChild(cell, nodeToTable(meta.Content[i]))
+		headerRow.AppendChild(headerRow, cell)
+
+		if i+1 < len(meta.Content) {
+			cell = east.NewTableCell()
+			cell.AppendChild(cell, nodeToTable(meta.Content[i+1]))
+			valueRow.AppendChild(valueRow, cell)
+		}
+	}
+
+	table.AppendChild(table, east.NewTableHeader(headerRow))
+	table.AppendChild(table, valueRow)
+	return table
+}
+
+func sequenceNodeToTable(meta *yaml.Node) ast.Node {
+	table := east.NewTable()
+	alignments := []east.Alignment{east.AlignNone}
+	for _, item := range meta.Content {
+		row := east.NewTableRow(alignments)
+		cell := east.NewTableCell()
+		cell.AppendChild(cell, nodeToTable(item))
+		row.AppendChild(row, cell)
+		table.AppendChild(table, row)
+	}
+	return table
+}
+
+func nodeToDetails(meta *yaml.Node, icon string) ast.Node {
+	details := NewDetails()
+	summary := NewSummary()
+	summary.AppendChild(summary, NewIcon(icon))
+	details.AppendChild(details, summary)
+	details.AppendChild(details, nodeToTable(meta))
+
+	return details
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/goldmark.go b/modules/markup/markdown/goldmark.go
index 1750128dec..24f1ab7a01 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/goldmark.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/goldmark.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	giteautil "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 
-	meta "github.com/yuin/goldmark-meta"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
 	east "github.com/yuin/goldmark/extension/ast"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/parser"
@@ -32,20 +31,12 @@ type ASTTransformer struct{}
 
 // Transform transforms the given AST tree.
 func (g *ASTTransformer) Transform(node *ast.Document, reader text.Reader, pc parser.Context) {
-	metaData := meta.GetItems(pc)
 	firstChild := node.FirstChild()
 	createTOC := false
 	ctx := pc.Get(renderContextKey).(*markup.RenderContext)
-	rc := &RenderConfig{
-		Meta: "table",
-		Icon: "table",
-		Lang: "",
-	}
-
-	if metaData != nil {
-		rc.ToRenderConfig(metaData)
-
-		metaNode := rc.toMetaNode(metaData)
+	rc := pc.Get(renderConfigKey).(*RenderConfig)
+	if rc.yamlNode != nil {
+		metaNode := rc.toMetaNode()
 		if metaNode != nil {
 			node.InsertBefore(node, firstChild, metaNode)
 		}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/markdown.go b/modules/markup/markdown/markdown.go
index 4ce85dfc31..c0e72fd6ce 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/markdown.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/markdown.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup/common"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup/markdown/math"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	giteautil "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ var (
 	isWikiKey        = parser.NewContextKey()
 	renderMetasKey   = parser.NewContextKey()
 	renderContextKey = parser.NewContextKey()
+	renderConfigKey  = parser.NewContextKey()
 )
 
 type limitWriter struct {
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ func actualRender(ctx *markup.RenderContext, input io.Reader, output io.Writer)
 							languageStr := string(language)
 
 							preClasses := []string{"code-block"}
-							if languageStr == "mermaid" {
+							if languageStr == "mermaid" || languageStr == "math" {
 								preClasses = append(preClasses, "is-loading")
 							}
 
@@ -120,6 +122,9 @@ func actualRender(ctx *markup.RenderContext, input io.Reader, output io.Writer)
 						}
 					}),
 				),
+				math.NewExtension(
+					math.Enabled(setting.Markdown.EnableMath),
+				),
 				meta.Meta,
 			),
 			goldmark.WithParserOptions(
@@ -167,7 +172,18 @@ func actualRender(ctx *markup.RenderContext, input io.Reader, output io.Writer)
 		log.Error("Unable to ReadAll: %v", err)
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := converter.Convert(giteautil.NormalizeEOL(buf), lw, parser.WithContext(pc)); err != nil {
+	buf = giteautil.NormalizeEOL(buf)
+
+	rc := &RenderConfig{
+		Meta: "table",
+		Icon: "table",
+		Lang: "",
+	}
+	buf, _ = ExtractMetadataBytes(buf, rc)
+
+	pc.Set(renderConfigKey, rc)
+
+	if err := converter.Convert(buf, lw, parser.WithContext(pc)); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to render: %v", err)
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_node.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_node.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd8449babf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_node.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import "github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+
+// Block represents a display math block e.g. $$...$$ or \[...\]
+type Block struct {
+	ast.BaseBlock
+	Dollars bool
+	Indent  int
+	Closed  bool
+}
+
+// KindBlock is the node kind for math blocks
+var KindBlock = ast.NewNodeKind("MathBlock")
+
+// NewBlock creates a new math Block
+func NewBlock(dollars bool, indent int) *Block {
+	return &Block{
+		Dollars: dollars,
+		Indent:  indent,
+	}
+}
+
+// Dump dumps the block to a string
+func (n *Block) Dump(source []byte, level int) {
+	m := map[string]string{}
+	ast.DumpHelper(n, source, level, m, nil)
+}
+
+// Kind returns KindBlock for math Blocks
+func (n *Block) Kind() ast.NodeKind {
+	return KindBlock
+}
+
+// IsRaw returns true as this block should not be processed further
+func (n *Block) IsRaw() bool {
+	return true
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_parser.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_parser.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f865122886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_parser.go
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/parser"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/text"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
+)
+
+type blockParser struct {
+	parseDollars bool
+}
+
+// NewBlockParser creates a new math BlockParser
+func NewBlockParser(parseDollarBlocks bool) parser.BlockParser {
+	return &blockParser{
+		parseDollars: parseDollarBlocks,
+	}
+}
+
+// Open parses the current line and returns a result of parsing.
+func (b *blockParser) Open(parent ast.Node, reader text.Reader, pc parser.Context) (ast.Node, parser.State) {
+	line, segment := reader.PeekLine()
+	pos := pc.BlockOffset()
+	if pos == -1 || len(line[pos:]) < 2 {
+		return nil, parser.NoChildren
+	}
+
+	dollars := false
+	if b.parseDollars && line[pos] == '$' && line[pos+1] == '$' {
+		dollars = true
+	} else if line[pos] != '\\' || line[pos+1] != '[' {
+		return nil, parser.NoChildren
+	}
+
+	node := NewBlock(dollars, pos)
+
+	// Now we need to check if the ending block is on the segment...
+	endBytes := []byte{'\\', ']'}
+	if dollars {
+		endBytes = []byte{'$', '$'}
+	}
+	idx := bytes.Index(line[pos+2:], endBytes)
+	if idx >= 0 {
+		segment.Stop = segment.Start + idx + 2
+		reader.Advance(segment.Len() - 1)
+		segment.Start += 2
+		node.Lines().Append(segment)
+		node.Closed = true
+		return node, parser.Close | parser.NoChildren
+	}
+
+	reader.Advance(segment.Len() - 1)
+	segment.Start += 2
+	node.Lines().Append(segment)
+	return node, parser.NoChildren
+}
+
+// Continue parses the current line and returns a result of parsing.
+func (b *blockParser) Continue(node ast.Node, reader text.Reader, pc parser.Context) parser.State {
+	block := node.(*Block)
+	if block.Closed {
+		return parser.Close
+	}
+
+	line, segment := reader.PeekLine()
+	w, pos := util.IndentWidth(line, 0)
+	if w < 4 {
+		if block.Dollars {
+			i := pos
+			for ; i < len(line) && line[i] == '$'; i++ {
+			}
+			length := i - pos
+			if length >= 2 && util.IsBlank(line[i:]) {
+				reader.Advance(segment.Stop - segment.Start - segment.Padding)
+				block.Closed = true
+				return parser.Close
+			}
+		} else if len(line[pos:]) > 1 && line[pos] == '\\' && line[pos+1] == ']' && util.IsBlank(line[pos+2:]) {
+			reader.Advance(segment.Stop - segment.Start - segment.Padding)
+			block.Closed = true
+			return parser.Close
+		}
+	}
+
+	pos, padding := util.IndentPosition(line, 0, block.Indent)
+	seg := text.NewSegmentPadding(segment.Start+pos, segment.Stop, padding)
+	node.Lines().Append(seg)
+	reader.AdvanceAndSetPadding(segment.Stop-segment.Start-pos-1, padding)
+	return parser.Continue | parser.NoChildren
+}
+
+// Close will be called when the parser returns Close.
+func (b *blockParser) Close(node ast.Node, reader text.Reader, pc parser.Context) {
+	// noop
+}
+
+// CanInterruptParagraph returns true if the parser can interrupt paragraphs,
+// otherwise false.
+func (b *blockParser) CanInterruptParagraph() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// CanAcceptIndentedLine returns true if the parser can open new node when
+// the given line is being indented more than 3 spaces.
+func (b *blockParser) CanAcceptIndentedLine() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+// Trigger returns a list of characters that triggers Parse method of
+// this parser.
+// If Trigger returns a nil, Open will be called with any lines.
+//
+// We leave this as nil as our parse method is quick enough
+func (b *blockParser) Trigger() []byte {
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_renderer.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_renderer.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d502065259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/block_renderer.go
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	gast "github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/renderer"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
+)
+
+// BlockRenderer represents a renderer for math Blocks
+type BlockRenderer struct{}
+
+// NewBlockRenderer creates a new renderer for math Blocks
+func NewBlockRenderer() renderer.NodeRenderer {
+	return &BlockRenderer{}
+}
+
+// RegisterFuncs registers the renderer for math Blocks
+func (r *BlockRenderer) RegisterFuncs(reg renderer.NodeRendererFuncRegisterer) {
+	reg.Register(KindBlock, r.renderBlock)
+}
+
+func (r *BlockRenderer) writeLines(w util.BufWriter, source []byte, n gast.Node) {
+	l := n.Lines().Len()
+	for i := 0; i < l; i++ {
+		line := n.Lines().At(i)
+		_, _ = w.Write(util.EscapeHTML(line.Value(source)))
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *BlockRenderer) renderBlock(w util.BufWriter, source []byte, node gast.Node, entering bool) (gast.WalkStatus, error) {
+	n := node.(*Block)
+	if entering {
+		_, _ = w.WriteString(`<pre class="code-block is-loading"><code class="chroma language-math display">`)
+		r.writeLines(w, source, n)
+	} else {
+		_, _ = w.WriteString(`</code></pre>` + "\n")
+	}
+	return gast.WalkContinue, nil
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_node.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_node.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..245ff8dab0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_node.go
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
+)
+
+// Inline represents inline math e.g. $...$ or \(...\)
+type Inline struct {
+	ast.BaseInline
+}
+
+// Inline implements Inline.Inline.
+func (n *Inline) Inline() {}
+
+// IsBlank returns if this inline node is empty
+func (n *Inline) IsBlank(source []byte) bool {
+	for c := n.FirstChild(); c != nil; c = c.NextSibling() {
+		text := c.(*ast.Text).Segment
+		if !util.IsBlank(text.Value(source)) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Dump renders this inline math as debug
+func (n *Inline) Dump(source []byte, level int) {
+	ast.DumpHelper(n, source, level, nil, nil)
+}
+
+// KindInline is the kind for math inline
+var KindInline = ast.NewNodeKind("MathInline")
+
+// Kind returns KindInline
+func (n *Inline) Kind() ast.NodeKind {
+	return KindInline
+}
+
+// NewInline creates a new ast math inline node
+func NewInline() *Inline {
+	return &Inline{
+		BaseInline: ast.BaseInline{},
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0339674b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/parser"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/text"
+)
+
+type inlineParser struct {
+	start []byte
+	end   []byte
+}
+
+var defaultInlineDollarParser = &inlineParser{
+	start: []byte{'$'},
+	end:   []byte{'$'},
+}
+
+// NewInlineDollarParser returns a new inline parser
+func NewInlineDollarParser() parser.InlineParser {
+	return defaultInlineDollarParser
+}
+
+var defaultInlineBracketParser = &inlineParser{
+	start: []byte{'\\', '('},
+	end:   []byte{'\\', ')'},
+}
+
+// NewInlineDollarParser returns a new inline parser
+func NewInlineBracketParser() parser.InlineParser {
+	return defaultInlineBracketParser
+}
+
+// Trigger triggers this parser on $
+func (parser *inlineParser) Trigger() []byte {
+	return parser.start[0:1]
+}
+
+func isAlphanumeric(b byte) bool {
+	// Github only cares about 0-9A-Za-z
+	return (b >= '0' && b <= '9') || (b >= 'A' && b <= 'Z') || (b >= 'a' && b <= 'z')
+}
+
+// Parse parses the current line and returns a result of parsing.
+func (parser *inlineParser) Parse(parent ast.Node, block text.Reader, pc parser.Context) ast.Node {
+	line, _ := block.PeekLine()
+	opener := bytes.Index(line, parser.start)
+	if opener < 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if opener != 0 && isAlphanumeric(line[opener-1]) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	opener += len(parser.start)
+	ender := bytes.Index(line[opener:], parser.end)
+	if ender < 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(line) > opener+ender+len(parser.end) && isAlphanumeric(line[opener+ender+len(parser.end)]) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	block.Advance(opener)
+	_, pos := block.Position()
+	node := NewInline()
+	segment := pos.WithStop(pos.Start + ender)
+	node.AppendChild(node, ast.NewRawTextSegment(segment))
+	block.Advance(ender + len(parser.end))
+
+	trimBlock(node, block)
+	return node
+}
+
+func trimBlock(node *Inline, block text.Reader) {
+	if node.IsBlank(block.Source()) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// trim first space and last space
+	first := node.FirstChild().(*ast.Text)
+	if !(!first.Segment.IsEmpty() && block.Source()[first.Segment.Start] == ' ') {
+		return
+	}
+
+	last := node.LastChild().(*ast.Text)
+	if !(!last.Segment.IsEmpty() && block.Source()[last.Segment.Stop-1] == ' ') {
+		return
+	}
+
+	first.Segment = first.Segment.WithStart(first.Segment.Start + 1)
+	last.Segment = last.Segment.WithStop(last.Segment.Stop - 1)
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_renderer.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_renderer.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4c0f3761d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_renderer.go
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/renderer"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
+)
+
+// InlineRenderer is an inline renderer
+type InlineRenderer struct{}
+
+// NewInlineRenderer returns a new renderer for inline math
+func NewInlineRenderer() renderer.NodeRenderer {
+	return &InlineRenderer{}
+}
+
+func (r *InlineRenderer) renderInline(w util.BufWriter, source []byte, n ast.Node, entering bool) (ast.WalkStatus, error) {
+	if entering {
+		_, _ = w.WriteString(`<code class="language-math is-loading">`)
+		for c := n.FirstChild(); c != nil; c = c.NextSibling() {
+			segment := c.(*ast.Text).Segment
+			value := util.EscapeHTML(segment.Value(source))
+			if bytes.HasSuffix(value, []byte("\n")) {
+				_, _ = w.Write(value[:len(value)-1])
+				if c != n.LastChild() {
+					_, _ = w.Write([]byte(" "))
+				}
+			} else {
+				_, _ = w.Write(value)
+			}
+		}
+		return ast.WalkSkipChildren, nil
+	}
+	_, _ = w.WriteString(`</code>`)
+	return ast.WalkContinue, nil
+}
+
+// RegisterFuncs registers the renderer for inline math nodes
+func (r *InlineRenderer) RegisterFuncs(reg renderer.NodeRendererFuncRegisterer) {
+	reg.Register(KindInline, r.renderInline)
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/math.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/math.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7854ac84db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/math.go
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package math
+
+import (
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/parser"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/renderer"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
+)
+
+// Extension is a math extension
+type Extension struct {
+	enabled           bool
+	parseDollarInline bool
+	parseDollarBlock  bool
+}
+
+// Option is the interface Options should implement
+type Option interface {
+	SetOption(e *Extension)
+}
+
+type extensionFunc func(e *Extension)
+
+func (fn extensionFunc) SetOption(e *Extension) {
+	fn(e)
+}
+
+// Enabled enables or disables this extension
+func Enabled(enable ...bool) Option {
+	value := true
+	if len(enable) > 0 {
+		value = enable[0]
+	}
+	return extensionFunc(func(e *Extension) {
+		e.enabled = value
+	})
+}
+
+// WithInlineDollarParser enables or disables the parsing of $...$
+func WithInlineDollarParser(enable ...bool) Option {
+	value := true
+	if len(enable) > 0 {
+		value = enable[0]
+	}
+	return extensionFunc(func(e *Extension) {
+		e.parseDollarInline = value
+	})
+}
+
+// WithBlockDollarParser enables or disables the parsing of $$...$$
+func WithBlockDollarParser(enable ...bool) Option {
+	value := true
+	if len(enable) > 0 {
+		value = enable[0]
+	}
+	return extensionFunc(func(e *Extension) {
+		e.parseDollarBlock = value
+	})
+}
+
+// Math represents a math extension with default rendered delimiters
+var Math = &Extension{
+	enabled:           true,
+	parseDollarBlock:  true,
+	parseDollarInline: true,
+}
+
+// NewExtension creates a new math extension with the provided options
+func NewExtension(opts ...Option) *Extension {
+	r := &Extension{
+		enabled:           true,
+		parseDollarBlock:  true,
+		parseDollarInline: true,
+	}
+
+	for _, o := range opts {
+		o.SetOption(r)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+// Extend extends goldmark with our parsers and renderers
+func (e *Extension) Extend(m goldmark.Markdown) {
+	if !e.enabled {
+		return
+	}
+
+	m.Parser().AddOptions(parser.WithBlockParsers(
+		util.Prioritized(NewBlockParser(e.parseDollarBlock), 701),
+	))
+
+	inlines := []util.PrioritizedValue{
+		util.Prioritized(NewInlineBracketParser(), 501),
+	}
+	if e.parseDollarInline {
+		inlines = append(inlines, util.Prioritized(NewInlineDollarParser(), 501))
+	}
+	m.Parser().AddOptions(parser.WithInlineParsers(inlines...))
+
+	m.Renderer().AddOptions(renderer.WithNodeRenderers(
+		util.Prioritized(NewBlockRenderer(), 501),
+		util.Prioritized(NewInlineRenderer(), 502),
+	))
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/meta.go b/modules/markup/markdown/meta.go
index faf92ae2c6..28913fd684 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/meta.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/meta.go
@@ -5,47 +5,101 @@
 package markdown
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"errors"
-	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+	"unicode/utf8"
 
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func isYAMLSeparator(line string) bool {
-	line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
-	for i := 0; i < len(line); i++ {
-		if line[i] != '-' {
+func isYAMLSeparator(line []byte) bool {
+	idx := 0
+	for ; idx < len(line); idx++ {
+		if line[idx] >= utf8.RuneSelf {
+			r, sz := utf8.DecodeRune(line[idx:])
+			if !unicode.IsSpace(r) {
+				return false
+			}
+			idx += sz
+			continue
+		}
+		if line[idx] != ' ' {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	dashCount := 0
+	for ; idx < len(line); idx++ {
+		if line[idx] != '-' {
+			break
+		}
+		dashCount++
+	}
+	if dashCount < 3 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for ; idx < len(line); idx++ {
+		if line[idx] >= utf8.RuneSelf {
+			r, sz := utf8.DecodeRune(line[idx:])
+			if !unicode.IsSpace(r) {
+				return false
+			}
+			idx += sz
+			continue
+		}
+		if line[idx] != ' ' {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
-	return len(line) > 2
+	return true
 }
 
 // ExtractMetadata consumes a markdown file, parses YAML frontmatter,
 // and returns the frontmatter metadata separated from the markdown content
 func ExtractMetadata(contents string, out interface{}) (string, error) {
-	var front, body []string
-	lines := strings.Split(contents, "\n")
-	for idx, line := range lines {
-		if idx == 0 {
-			// First line has to be a separator
-			if !isYAMLSeparator(line) {
-				return "", errors.New("frontmatter must start with a separator line")
-			}
-			continue
+	body, err := ExtractMetadataBytes([]byte(contents), out)
+	return string(body), err
+}
+
+// ExtractMetadata consumes a markdown file, parses YAML frontmatter,
+// and returns the frontmatter metadata separated from the markdown content
+func ExtractMetadataBytes(contents []byte, out interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+	var front, body []byte
+
+	start, end := 0, len(contents)
+	idx := bytes.IndexByte(contents[start:], '\n')
+	if idx >= 0 {
+		end = start + idx
+	}
+	line := contents[start:end]
+
+	if !isYAMLSeparator(line) {
+		return contents, errors.New("frontmatter must start with a separator line")
+	}
+	frontMatterStart := end + 1
+	for start = frontMatterStart; start < len(contents); start = end + 1 {
+		end = len(contents)
+		idx := bytes.IndexByte(contents[start:], '\n')
+		if idx >= 0 {
+			end = start + idx
 		}
+		line := contents[start:end]
 		if isYAMLSeparator(line) {
-			front, body = lines[1:idx], lines[idx+1:]
+			front = contents[frontMatterStart:start]
+			body = contents[end+1:]
 			break
 		}
 	}
 
 	if len(front) == 0 {
-		return "", errors.New("could not determine metadata")
+		return contents, errors.New("could not determine metadata")
 	}
 
-	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(strings.Join(front, "\n")), out); err != nil {
-		return "", err
+	log.Info("%s", string(front))
+
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(front, out); err != nil {
+		return contents, err
 	}
-	return strings.Join(body, "\n"), nil
+	return body, nil
 }
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/meta_test.go b/modules/markup/markdown/meta_test.go
index 939646f8fd..9332b35b42 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/meta_test.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/meta_test.go
@@ -56,6 +56,38 @@ func TestExtractMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestExtractMetadataBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("ValidFrontAndBody", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var meta structs.IssueTemplate
+		body, err := ExtractMetadataBytes([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s", sepTest, frontTest, sepTest, bodyTest)), &meta)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, bodyTest, body)
+		assert.Equal(t, metaTest, meta)
+		assert.True(t, validateMetadata(meta))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("NoFirstSeparator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var meta structs.IssueTemplate
+		_, err := ExtractMetadataBytes([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", frontTest, sepTest, bodyTest)), &meta)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("NoLastSeparator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var meta structs.IssueTemplate
+		_, err := ExtractMetadataBytes([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", sepTest, frontTest, bodyTest)), &meta)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("NoBody", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var meta structs.IssueTemplate
+		body, err := ExtractMetadataBytes([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", sepTest, frontTest, sepTest)), &meta)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "", body)
+		assert.Equal(t, metaTest, meta)
+		assert.True(t, validateMetadata(meta))
+	})
+}
+
 var (
 	sepTest   = "-----"
 	frontTest = `name: Test
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig.go b/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig.go
index bef67e9e59..6a3b3a1bde 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig.go
@@ -5,159 +5,114 @@
 package markdown
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
-	east "github.com/yuin/goldmark/extension/ast"
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
 // RenderConfig represents rendering configuration for this file
 type RenderConfig struct {
-	Meta string
-	Icon string
-	TOC  bool
-	Lang string
+	Meta     string
+	Icon     string
+	TOC      bool
+	Lang     string
+	yamlNode *yaml.Node
 }
 
-// ToRenderConfig converts a yaml.MapSlice to a RenderConfig
-func (rc *RenderConfig) ToRenderConfig(meta yaml.MapSlice) {
-	if meta == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	found := false
-	var giteaMetaControl yaml.MapItem
-	for _, item := range meta {
-		strKey, ok := item.Key.(string)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		strKey = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(strKey))
-		switch strKey {
-		case "gitea":
-			giteaMetaControl = item
-			found = true
-		case "include_toc":
-			val, ok := item.Value.(bool)
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			rc.TOC = val
-		case "lang":
-			val, ok := item.Value.(string)
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			val = strings.TrimSpace(val)
-			if len(val) == 0 {
-				continue
-			}
-			rc.Lang = val
+// UnmarshalYAML implement yaml.v3 UnmarshalYAML
+func (rc *RenderConfig) UnmarshalYAML(value *yaml.Node) error {
+	if rc == nil {
+		rc = &RenderConfig{
+			Meta: "table",
+			Icon: "table",
+			Lang: "",
 		}
 	}
+	rc.yamlNode = value
 
-	if found {
-		switch v := giteaMetaControl.Value.(type) {
-		case string:
-			switch v {
-			case "none":
-				rc.Meta = "none"
-			case "table":
-				rc.Meta = "table"
-			default: // "details"
-				rc.Meta = "details"
-			}
-		case yaml.MapSlice:
-			for _, item := range v {
-				strKey, ok := item.Key.(string)
-				if !ok {
-					continue
-				}
-				strKey = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(strKey))
-				switch strKey {
-				case "meta":
-					val, ok := item.Value.(string)
-					if !ok {
-						continue
-					}
-					switch strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(val)) {
-					case "none":
-						rc.Meta = "none"
-					case "table":
-						rc.Meta = "table"
-					default: // "details"
-						rc.Meta = "details"
-					}
-				case "details_icon":
-					val, ok := item.Value.(string)
-					if !ok {
-						continue
-					}
-					rc.Icon = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(val))
-				case "include_toc":
-					val, ok := item.Value.(bool)
-					if !ok {
-						continue
-					}
-					rc.TOC = val
-				case "lang":
-					val, ok := item.Value.(string)
-					if !ok {
-						continue
-					}
-					val = strings.TrimSpace(val)
-					if len(val) == 0 {
-						continue
-					}
-					rc.Lang = val
-				}
-			}
-		}
+	type basicRenderConfig struct {
+		Gitea *yaml.Node `yaml:"gitea"`
+		TOC   bool       `yaml:"include_toc"`
+		Lang  string     `yaml:"lang"`
 	}
-}
 
-func (rc *RenderConfig) toMetaNode(meta yaml.MapSlice) ast.Node {
-	switch rc.Meta {
-	case "table":
-		return metaToTable(meta)
-	case "details":
-		return metaToDetails(meta, rc.Icon)
-	default:
+	var basic basicRenderConfig
+
+	err := value.Decode(&basic)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if basic.Lang != "" {
+		rc.Lang = basic.Lang
+	}
+
+	rc.TOC = basic.TOC
+	if basic.Gitea == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-}
 
-func metaToTable(meta yaml.MapSlice) ast.Node {
-	table := east.NewTable()
-	alignments := []east.Alignment{}
-	for range meta {
-		alignments = append(alignments, east.AlignNone)
+	var control *string
+	if err := basic.Gitea.Decode(&control); err == nil && control != nil {
+		log.Info("control %v", control)
+		switch strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(*control)) {
+		case "none":
+			rc.Meta = "none"
+		case "table":
+			rc.Meta = "table"
+		default: // "details"
+			rc.Meta = "details"
+		}
+		return nil
 	}
-	row := east.NewTableRow(alignments)
-	for _, item := range meta {
-		cell := east.NewTableCell()
-		cell.AppendChild(cell, ast.NewString([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%v", item.Key))))
-		row.AppendChild(row, cell)
+
+	type giteaControl struct {
+		Meta string     `yaml:"meta"`
+		Icon string     `yaml:"details_icon"`
+		TOC  *yaml.Node `yaml:"include_toc"`
+		Lang string     `yaml:"lang"`
 	}
-	table.AppendChild(table, east.NewTableHeader(row))
 
-	row = east.NewTableRow(alignments)
-	for _, item := range meta {
-		cell := east.NewTableCell()
-		cell.AppendChild(cell, ast.NewString([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%v", item.Value))))
-		row.AppendChild(row, cell)
+	var controlStruct *giteaControl
+	if err := basic.Gitea.Decode(controlStruct); err != nil || controlStruct == nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	table.AppendChild(table, row)
-	return table
-}
 
-func metaToDetails(meta yaml.MapSlice, icon string) ast.Node {
-	details := NewDetails()
-	summary := NewSummary()
-	summary.AppendChild(summary, NewIcon(icon))
-	details.AppendChild(details, summary)
-	details.AppendChild(details, metaToTable(meta))
+	switch strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(controlStruct.Meta)) {
+	case "none":
+		rc.Meta = "none"
+	case "table":
+		rc.Meta = "table"
+	default: // "details"
+		rc.Meta = "details"
+	}
+
+	rc.Icon = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(controlStruct.Icon))
+
+	if controlStruct.Lang != "" {
+		rc.Lang = controlStruct.Lang
+	}
+
+	var toc bool
+	if err := controlStruct.TOC.Decode(&toc); err == nil {
+		rc.TOC = toc
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
 
-	return details
+func (rc *RenderConfig) toMetaNode() ast.Node {
+	if rc.yamlNode == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	switch rc.Meta {
+	case "table":
+		return nodeToTable(rc.yamlNode)
+	case "details":
+		return nodeToDetails(rc.yamlNode, rc.Icon)
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
 }
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig_test.go b/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1027035cda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/renderconfig_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package markdown
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+func TestRenderConfig_UnmarshalYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		expected *RenderConfig
+		args     string
+	}{
+		{
+			"empty", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "",
+		},
+		{
+			"lang", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "test",
+			}, "lang: test",
+		},
+		{
+			"metatable", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "gitea: table",
+		},
+		{
+			"metanone", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "none",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "gitea: none",
+		},
+		{
+			"metadetails", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "details",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "gitea: details",
+		},
+		{
+			"metawrong", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "details",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "gitea: wrong",
+		},
+		{
+			"toc", &RenderConfig{
+				TOC:  true,
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "include_toc: true",
+		},
+		{
+			"tocfalse", &RenderConfig{
+				TOC:  false,
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}, "include_toc: false",
+		},
+		{
+			"toclang", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				TOC:  true,
+				Lang: "testlang",
+			}, `
+	include_toc: true
+	lang: testlang
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			"complexlang", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "testlang",
+			}, `
+	gitea:
+		lang: testlang
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			"complexlang2", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "testlang",
+			}, `
+	lang: notright
+	gitea:
+		lang: testlang
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			"complexlang", &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "testlang",
+			}, `
+	gitea:
+		lang: testlang
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			"complex2", &RenderConfig{
+				Lang: "two",
+				Meta: "table",
+				TOC:  true,
+				Icon: "smiley",
+			}, `
+	lang: one
+	include_toc: true
+	gitea:
+		details_icon: smiley
+		meta: table
+		include_toc: true
+		lang: two
+`,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := &RenderConfig{
+				Meta: "table",
+				Icon: "table",
+				Lang: "",
+			}
+			if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(tt.args), got); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("RenderConfig.UnmarshalYAML() error = %v", err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			if got.Meta != tt.expected.Meta {
+				t.Errorf("Meta Expected %s Got %s", tt.expected.Meta, got.Meta)
+			}
+			if got.Icon != tt.expected.Icon {
+				t.Errorf("Icon Expected %s Got %s", tt.expected.Icon, got.Icon)
+			}
+			if got.Lang != tt.expected.Lang {
+				t.Errorf("Lang Expected %s Got %s", tt.expected.Lang, got.Lang)
+			}
+			if got.TOC != tt.expected.TOC {
+				t.Errorf("TOC Expected %t Got %t", tt.expected.TOC, got.TOC)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/sanitizer.go b/modules/markup/sanitizer.go
index 57e88fdabc..807a8a7892 100644
--- a/modules/markup/sanitizer.go
+++ b/modules/markup/sanitizer.go
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func createDefaultPolicy() *bluemonday.Policy {
 	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^code-block( is-loading)?$`)).OnElements("pre")
 
 	// For Chroma markdown plugin
-	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^(chroma )?language-[\w-]+$`)).OnElements("code")
+	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^(chroma )?language-[\w-]+( display)?( is-loading)?$`)).OnElements("code")
 
 	// Checkboxes
 	policy.AllowAttrs("type").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^checkbox$`)).OnElements("input")
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func createDefaultPolicy() *bluemonday.Policy {
 	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`emoji`)).OnElements("img")
 
 	// Allow icons, emojis, chroma syntax and keyword markup on span
-	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^((icon(\s+[\p{L}\p{N}_-]+)+)|(emoji))$|^([a-z][a-z0-9]{0,2})$|^` + keywordClass + `$`)).OnElements("span")
+	policy.AllowAttrs("class").Matching(regexp.MustCompile(`^((icon(\s+[\p{L}\p{N}_-]+)+)|(emoji)|(language-math display)|(language-math inline))$|^([a-z][a-z0-9]{0,2})$|^` + keywordClass + `$`)).OnElements("span")
 
 	// Allow 'style' attribute on text elements.
 	policy.AllowAttrs("style").OnElements("span", "p")
diff --git a/modules/setting/setting.go b/modules/setting/setting.go
index 09e510ffa0..1ac13cb5fe 100644
--- a/modules/setting/setting.go
+++ b/modules/setting/setting.go
@@ -344,10 +344,12 @@ var (
 		EnableHardLineBreakInDocuments bool
 		CustomURLSchemes               []string `ini:"CUSTOM_URL_SCHEMES"`
 		FileExtensions                 []string
+		EnableMath                     bool
 	}{
 		EnableHardLineBreakInComments:  true,
 		EnableHardLineBreakInDocuments: false,
 		FileExtensions:                 strings.Split(".md,.markdown,.mdown,.mkd", ","),
+		EnableMath:                     true,
 	}
 
 	// Admin settings