Support scoped access tokens (#20908)

This PR adds the support for scopes of access tokens, mimicking the
design of GitHub OAuth scopes.

The changes of the core logic are in `models/auth` that `AccessToken`
struct will have a `Scope` field. The normalized (no duplication of
scope), comma-separated scope string will be stored in `access_token`
table in the database.
In `services/auth`, the scope will be stored in context, which will be
used by `reqToken` middleware in API calls. Only OAuth2 tokens will have
granular token scopes, while others like BasicAuth will default to scope
`all`.
A large amount of work happens in `routers/api/v1/api.go` and the
corresponding `tests/integration` tests, that is adding necessary scopes
to each of the API calls as they fit.


- [x] Add `Scope` field to `AccessToken`
- [x] Add access control to all API endpoints
- [x] Update frontend & backend for when creating tokens
- [x] Add a database migration for `scope` column (enable 'all' access
to past tokens)

I'm aiming to complete it before Gitea 1.19 release.

Fixes #4300

1 files changed, 3 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/tests/integration/api_repo_topic_test.go b/tests/integration/api_repo_topic_test.go
index 81eb1a9427..ab9fd9bb96 100644
--- a/tests/integration/api_repo_topic_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/api_repo_topic_test.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"testing"
 
+	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ func TestAPIRepoTopic(t *testing.T) {
 	repo3 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 3})
 
 	// Get user2's token
-	token2 := getUserToken(t, user2.Name)
+	token2 := getUserToken(t, user2.Name, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeRepo)
 
 	// Test read topics using login
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("/api/v1/repos/%s/%s/topics", user2.Name, repo2.Name)
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ func TestAPIRepoTopic(t *testing.T) {
 	MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusNotFound)
 
 	// Get user4's token
-	token4 := getUserToken(t, user4.Name)
+	token4 := getUserToken(t, user4.Name, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeRepo)
 
 	// Test read topics with write access
 	url = fmt.Sprintf("/api/v1/repos/%s/%s/topics?token=%s", user3.Name, repo3.Name, token4)