Migrate from U2F to Webauthn

Co-authored-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>
Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>

* Reset Session ID on login

When logging in the SessionID should be reset and the session cleaned up.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* with new session.RegenerateID function

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* update go-chi/session

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Ensure that session id is changed after oauth data is set and between account linking pages too

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* placate lint

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* as per review

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Move user related model into models/user

* Fix lint for windows

* Fix windows lint

* Fix windows lint

* Move some tests in models

* Merge

* Remove unnecessary functions of User struct

* Move more database methods out of user struct

* Move more database methods out of user struct

* Fix template failure

* Fix bug

* Remove finished FIXME

* remove unnecessary code

Duplicate #15987 to allow access to releases download through BASIC authentication.

Fix #16914

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

`models` does far too much. In particular it handles all `UserSignin`.

It shouldn't be responsible for calling LDAP, SMTP or PAM for signing in.

Therefore we should move this code out of `models`.

This code has to depend on `models` - therefore it belongs in `services`.

There is a package in `services` called `auth` and clearly this functionality belongs in there.

Plan:

- [x] Change `auth.Auth` to `auth.Method` - as they represent methods of authentication.
- [x] Move `models.UserSignIn` into `auth`
- [x] Move `models.ExternalUserLogin`
- [x] Move most of the `LoginVia*` methods to `auth` or subpackages
- [x] Move Resynchronize functionality to `auth`
  - Involved some restructuring of `models/ssh_key.go` to reduce the size of this massive file and simplify its files.
- [x] Move the rest of the LDAP functionality in to the ldap subpackage
- [x] Re-factor the login sources to express an interfaces `auth.Source`?
  - I've done this through some smaller interfaces Authenticator and Synchronizable - which would allow us to extend things in future
- [x] Now LDAP is out of models - need to think about modules/auth/ldap and I think all of that functionality might just be moveable
- [x] Similarly a lot Oauth2 functionality need not be in models too and should be moved to services/auth/source/oauth2
  - [x] modules/auth/oauth2/oauth2.go uses xorm... This is naughty - probably need to move this into models.
  - [x] models/oauth2.go - mostly should be in modules/auth/oauth2 or services/auth/source/oauth2 
- [x] More simplifications of login_source.go may need to be done
- Allow wiring in of notify registration -  *this can now easily be done - but I think we should do it in another PR*  - see #16178 
- More refactors...?
  - OpenID should probably become an auth Method but I think that can be left for another PR
  - Methods should also probably be cleaned up  - again another PR I think.
  - SSPI still needs more refactors.* Rename auth.Auth auth.Method
* Restructure ssh_key.go

- move functions from models/user.go that relate to ssh_key to ssh_key
- split ssh_key.go to try create clearer function domains for allow for
future refactors here.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Add sso.Group, context.Auth, context.APIAuth to allow auth special routes

* Remove unnecessary check

* Rename sso -> auth

* remove unused method of Auth interface

It appears that people have been using token authentication to navigate to raw paths
and recent changes have broken this. Whilst ideally these paths would not be being used
like this - it was not the intention to be a breaking change.

This PR restores access to these paths.

Fix #13772

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Prevent double-login for Git HTTP and LFS and simplify login

There are a number of inconsistencies with our current methods for
logging in for git and lfs. The first is that there is a double login
process. This is particularly evident in 1.13 where there are no less
than 4 hash checks for basic authentication due to the previous
IsPasswordSet behaviour.

This duplicated code had individual inconsistencies that were not
helpful and caused confusion.

This PR does the following:

* Remove the specific login code from the git and lfs handlers except
for the lfs special bearer token
* Simplify the meaning of DisableBasicAuthentication to allow Token and
Oauth2 sign-in.
* The removal of the specific code from git and lfs means that these
both now have the same login semantics and can - if not
DisableBasicAuthentication - login from external services. Further it
allows Oauth2 token authentication as per our standard mechanisms.
* The change in the recovery handler prevents the service from
re-attempting to login - primarily because this could easily cause a
further panic and it is wasteful.

* add test

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

It is currenly impossible to detect which "SSO" method is responsible for login. This
PR adds some basic trace logging to these methods.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

Add SameSite setting for cookies and rationalise the cookie setting code. Switches SameSite to Lax by default. 

There is a possible future extension of differentiating which cookies could be set at Strict by default but that is for a future PR.

Fix #5583

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>

Fix #14121, #14478.

The `AccessLog` middleware has to be after `Contexter` or `APIContexter` so that we can get `LoginUserName` if possible.
And also there is a **BREAK** change that it removed internal API access log.

* Some changes to fix recovery

* Move Recovery to middlewares

* Remove trace code

* Fix lint

* add session middleware and remove dependent on macaron for sso

* Fix panic 500 page rendering

* Fix bugs

* Fix fmt

* Fix vendor

* recover unnecessary change

* Fix lint and addd some comments about the copied codes.

* Use util.StatDir instead of com.StatDir

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>

* Skip SSPI authentication attempts for /api/internal

SSPI fails badly on authentication attempts to /api/internal which
it can never succesfully authenticate.

Fix #11260

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Update oauth2.go

Co-authored-by: techknowlogick <techknowlogick@gitea.io>
Co-authored-by: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Add single sign-on support via SSPI on Windows

* Ensure plugins implement interface

* Ensure plugins implement interface

* Move functions used only by the SSPI auth method to sspi_windows.go

* Field SSPISeparatorReplacement of AuthenticationForm should not be required via binding, as binding will insist the field is non-empty even if another login type is selected

* Fix breaking of oauth authentication on download links. Do not create new session with SSPI authentication on download links.

* Update documentation for the new 'SPNEGO with SSPI' login source

* Mention in documentation that ROOT_URL should contain the FQDN of the server

* Make sure that Contexter is not checking for active login sources when the ORM engine is not initialized (eg. when installing)

* Always initialize and free SSO methods, even if they are not enabled, as a method can be activated while the app is running (from Authentication sources)

* Add option in SSPIConfig for removing of domains from logon names

* Update helper text for StripDomainNames option

* Make sure handleSignIn() is called after a new user object is created by SSPI auth method

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Only make a query to the DB to check if SSPI is enabled on handlers that need that information for templates

* Remove code duplication

* Log errors in ActiveLoginSources

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Revert suffix of randomly generated E-mails for Reverse proxy authentication

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Revert unneeded white-space change in template

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Add copyright comments at the top of new files

* Use loopback name for randomly generated emails

* Add locale tag for the SSPISeparatorReplacement field with proper casing

* Revert casing of SSPISeparatorReplacement field in locale file, moving it up, next to other form fields

* Update docs/content/doc/features/authentication.en-us.md

Co-Authored-By: guillep2k <18600385+guillep2k@users.noreply.github.com>

* Remove Priority() method and define the order in which SSO auth methods should be executed in one place

* Log authenticated username only if it's not empty

* Rephrase helper text for automatic creation of users

* Return error if more than one active SSPI auth source is found

* Change newUser() function to return error, letting caller log/handle the error

* Move isPublicResource, isPublicPage and handleSignIn functions outside SSPI auth method to allow other SSO methods to reuse them if needed

* Refactor initialization of the list containing SSO auth methods

* Validate SSPI settings on POST

* Change SSPI to only perform authentication on its own login page, API paths and download links. Leave Toggle middleware to redirect non authenticated users to login page

* Make 'Default language' in SSPI config empty, unless changed by admin

* Show error if admin tries to add a second authentication source of type SSPI

* Simplify declaration of global variable

* Rebuild gitgraph.js on Linux

* Make sure config values containing only whitespace are not accepted