Next step of #27065

1. Give the global variable clear names
2. Use generic parameter for `onGiteaRun`

1. The "web" package shouldn't depends on "modules/context" package,
instead, let each "web context" register themselves to the "web"
package.
2. The old Init/Free doesn't make sense, so simplify it
* The ctx in "Init(ctx)" is never used, and shouldn't be used that way
* The "Free" is never called and shouldn't be called because the SSPI
instance is shared

---------

Co-authored-by: Giteabot <teabot@gitea.io>

Thanks to @trwnh

Close #23802

The ActivityPub id is an HTTPS URI that should remain constant, even if
the user changes their name.

Change all license headers to comply with REUSE specification.

Fix #16132

Co-authored-by: flynnnnnnnnnn <flynnnnnnnnnn@github>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>

* Add initial playwright config

* Simplify Makefile

* Simplify Makefile

* Use correct config files

* Update playwright settings

* Fix package-lock file

* Don't use test logger for e2e tests

* fix frontend lint

* Allow passing TEST_LOGGER variable

* Init postgres database

* use standard gitea env variables

* Update playwright

* update drone

* Move empty env var to commands

* Cleanup

* Move integrations to subfolder

* tests integrations to tests integraton

* Run e2e tests with go test

* Fix linting

* install CI deps

* Add files to ESlint

* Fix drone typo

* Don't log to console in CI

* Use go test http server

* Add build step before tests

* Move shared init function to common package

* fix drone

* Clean up tests

* Fix linting

* Better mocking for page + version string

* Cleanup test generation

* Remove dependency on gitea binary

* Fix linting

* add initial support for running specific tests

* Add ACCEPT_VISUAL variable

* don't require git-lfs

* Add initial documentation

* Review feedback

* Add logged in session test

* Attempt fixing drone race

* Cleanup and bump version

* Bump deps

* Review feedback

* simplify installation

* Fix ci

* Update install docs

The recovery, API, Web and package frameworks all create their own HTML
Renderers. This increases the memory requirements of Gitea
unnecessarily with duplicate templates being kept in memory.

Further the reloading framework in dev mode for these involves locking
and recompiling all of the templates on each load. This will potentially
hide concurrency issues and it is inefficient.

This PR stores the templates renderer in the context and stores this
context in the NormalRoutes, it then creates a fsnotify.Watcher
framework to watch files.

The watching framework is then extended to the mailer templates which
were previously not being reloaded in dev.

Then the locales are simplified to a similar structure.

Fix #20210 
Fix #20211
Fix #20217

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* go.mod: add go-fed/{httpsig,activity/pub,activity/streams} dependency

go get github.com/go-fed/activity/streams@master
go get github.com/go-fed/activity/pub@master
go get github.com/go-fed/httpsig@master

* activitypub: implement /api/v1/activitypub/user/{username} (#14186)

Return informations regarding a Person (as defined in ActivityStreams
https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-vocabulary/#dfn-person).

Refs: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/14186

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* activitypub: add the public key to Person (#14186)

Refs: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/14186

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* activitypub: go-fed conformant Clock instance

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* activitypub: signing http client

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* activitypub: implement the ReqSignature middleware

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* activitypub: hack_16834

Signed-off-by: Loïc Dachary <loic@dachary.org>

* Fix CI checks-backend errors with go mod tidy

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Change 2021 to 2022, properly format package imports

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Run make fmt and make generate-swagger

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Use Gitea JSON library, add assert for pkp

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Run make fmt again, fix err var redeclaration

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Remove LogSQL from ActivityPub person test

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Assert if json.Unmarshal succeeds

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Cleanup, handle invalid usernames for ActivityPub person GET request

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Rename hack_16834 to user_settings

Signed-off-by: Anthony Wang <ta180m@pm.me>

* Use the httplib module instead of http for GET requests

* Clean up whitespace with make fmt

* Use time.RFC1123 and make the http.Client proxy-aware

* Check if digest algo is supported in setting module

* Clean up some variable declarations

* Remove unneeded copy

* Use system timezone instead of setting.DefaultUILocation

* Use named constant for httpsigExpirationTime

* Make pubKey IRI #main-key instead of /#main-key

* Move /#main-key to #main-key in tests

* Implemented Webfinger endpoint.

* Add visible check.

* Add user profile as alias.

* Add actor IRI and remote interaction URL to WebFinger response

* fmt

* Fix lint errors

* Use go-ap instead of go-fed

* Run go mod tidy to fix missing modules in go.mod and go.sum

* make fmt

* Convert remaining code to go-ap

* Clean up go.sum

* Fix JSON unmarshall error

* Fix CI errors by adding @context to Person() and making sure types match

* Correctly decode JSON in api_activitypub_person_test.go

* Force CI rerun

* Fix TestActivityPubPersonInbox segfault

* Fix lint error

* Use @mariusor's suggestions for idiomatic go-ap usage

* Correctly add inbox/outbox IRIs to person

* Code cleanup

* Remove another LogSQL from ActivityPub person test

* Move httpsig algos slice to an init() function

* Add actor IRI and remote interaction URL to WebFinger response

* Update TestWebFinger to check for ActivityPub IRI in aliases

* make fmt

* Force CI rerun

* WebFinger: Add CORS header and fix Href -> Template for remote interactions

The CORS header is needed due to https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7033#section-5 and fixes some Peertube <-> Gitea federation issues

* make lint-backend

* Make sure Person endpoint has Content-Type application/activity+json and includes PreferredUsername, URL, and Icon

Setting the correct Content-Type is essential for federating with Mastodon

* Use UTC instead of GMT

* Rename pkey to pubKey

* Make sure HTTP request Date in GMT

* make fmt

* dont drop err

* Make sure API responses always refer to username in original case

Copied from what I wrote on #19133 discussion: Handling username case is a very tricky issue and I've already encountered a Mastodon <-> Gitea federation bug due to Gitea considering Ta180m and ta180m to be the same user while Mastodon thinks they are two different users. I think the best way forward is for Gitea to only use the original case version of the username for federation so other AP software don't get confused.

* Move httpsig algs constant slice to modules/setting/federation.go

* Add new federation settings to app.example.ini and config-cheat-sheet

* Return if marshalling error

* Make sure Person IRIs are generated correctly

This commit ensures that if the setting.AppURL is something like "http://127.0.0.1:42567" (like in the integration tests), a trailing slash will be added after that URL.

* If httpsig verification fails, fix Host header and try again

This fixes a very rare bug when Gitea and another AP server (confirmed to happen with Mastodon) are running on the same machine, Gitea fails to verify incoming HTTP signatures. This is because the other AP server creates the sig with the public Gitea domain as the Host. However, when Gitea receives the request, the Host header is instead localhost, so the signature verification fails. Manually changing the host header to the correct value and trying the veification again fixes the bug.


* Revert "If httpsig verification fails, fix Host header and try again"

This reverts commit f53e46c721.

The bug was actually caused by nginx messing up the Host header when reverse-proxying since I didn't have the line `proxy_set_header Host $host;` in my nginx config for Gitea.

* Go back to using ap.IRI to generate inbox and outbox IRIs

* use const for key values

* Update routers/web/webfinger.go

* Use ctx.JSON in Person response to make code cleaner

* Revert "Use ctx.JSON in Person response to make code cleaner"

This doesn't work because the ctx.JSON() function already sends the response out and it's too late to edit the headers.

This reverts commit 95aad98897.

* Use activitypub.ActivityStreamsContentType for Person response Content Type

* Limit maximum ActivityPub request and response sizes to a configurable setting

* Move setting key constants to models/user/setting_keys.go

* Fix failing ActivityPubPerson integration test by checking the correct field for username

* Add a warning about changing settings that can break federation

* Add better comments

* Don't multiply Federation.MaxSize by 1<<20 twice

* Add more better comments

* Fix failing ActivityPubMissingPerson test

We now use ctx.ContextUser so the message printed out when a user does not exist is slightly different

* make generate-swagger

For some reason I didn't realize that /templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl was machine-generated by make generate-swagger... I've been editing it by hand for three months! 🤦

* Move getting the RFC 2616 time to a separate function

* More code cleanup

* Update go-ap to fix empty liked collection and removed unneeded HTTP headers

* go mod tidy

* Add ed25519 to httpsig algorithms

* Use go-ap/jsonld to add @context and marshal JSON

* Change Gitea user agent from the default to Gitea/Version

* Use ctx.ServerError and remove all remote interaction code from webfinger.go