Fixes #27819

We have support for two factor logins with the normal web login and with
basic auth. For basic auth the two factor check was implemented at three
different places and you need to know that this check is necessary. This
PR moves the check into the basic auth itself.

Next step of #27065

Part of #27065

This reduces the usage of `db.DefaultContext`. I think I've got enough
files for the first PR. When this is merged, I will continue working on
this.

Considering how many files this PR affect, I hope it won't take to long
to merge, so I don't end up in the merge conflict hell.

---------

Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>

`Named` is implemented by every `Method` and future implementations
should implement the method too.

> The scoped token PR just checked all API routes but in fact, some web
routes like `LFS`, git `HTTP`, container, and attachments supports basic
auth. This PR added scoped token check for them.

---------

Signed-off-by: jolheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>

Close #13539.

Co-authored by: @lunny @appleboy @fuxiaohei and others.

Related projects:
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-def
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-go
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner

### Summary

The target of this PR is to bring a basic implementation of "Actions",
an internal CI/CD system of Gitea. That means even though it has been
merged, the state of the feature is **EXPERIMENTAL**, and please note
that:

- It is disabled by default;
- It shouldn't be used in a production environment currently;
- It shouldn't be used in a public Gitea instance currently;
- Breaking changes may be made before it's stable.

**Please comment on #13539 if you have any different product design
ideas**, all decisions reached there will be adopted here. But in this
PR, we don't talk about **naming, feature-creep or alternatives**.

### ⚠️ Breaking

`gitea-actions` will become a reserved user name. If a user with the
name already exists in the database, it is recommended to rename it.

### Some important reviews

- What is `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` in `app.ini` for?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1055954954
- Why the api for runners is not under the normal `/api/v1` prefix?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061173592
- Why DBFS?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061301178
- Why ignore events triggered by `gitea-actions` bot?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1063254103
- Why there's no permission control for actions?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1090229868

### What it looks like

<details>

#### Manage runners

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205870657-c72f590e-2e08-4cd4-be7f-2e0abb299bbf.png">

#### List runs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872794-50fde990-2b45-48c1-a178-908e4ec5b627.png">


#### View logs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872501-9b7b9000-9542-4991-8f55-18ccdada77c3.png">



</details>

### How to try it

<details>

#### 1. Start Gitea

Clone this branch and [install from
source](https://docs.gitea.io/en-us/install-from-source).

Add additional configurations in `app.ini` to enable Actions:

```ini
[actions]
ENABLED = true
```

Start it.

If all is well, you'll see the management page of runners:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205877365-8e30a780-9b10-4154-b3e8-ee6c3cb35a59.png">


#### 2. Start runner

Clone the [act_runner](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner), and follow
the
[README](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner/src/branch/main/README.md)
to start it.

If all is well, you'll see a new runner has been added:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205878000-216f5937-e696-470d-b66c-8473987d91c3.png">

#### 3. Enable actions for a repo

Create a new repo or open an existing one, check the `Actions` checkbox
in settings and submit.

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879705-53e09208-73c0-4b3e-a123-2dcf9aba4b9c.png">
<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879383-23f3d08f-1a85-41dd-a8b3-54e2ee6453e8.png">

If all is well, you'll see a new tab "Actions":

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205881648-a8072d8c-5803-4d76-b8a8-9b2fb49516c1.png">

#### 4. Upload workflow files

Upload some workflow files to `.gitea/workflows/xxx.yaml`, you can
follow the [quickstart](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/quickstart)
of GitHub Actions. Yes, Gitea Actions is compatible with GitHub Actions
in most cases, you can use the same demo:

```yaml
name: GitHub Actions Demo
run-name: ${{ github.actor }} is testing out GitHub Actions 🚀
on: [push]
jobs:
  Explore-GitHub-Actions:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: echo "🎉 The job was automatically triggered by a ${{ github.event_name }} event."
      - run: echo "🐧 This job is now running on a ${{ runner.os }} server hosted by GitHub!"
      - run: echo "🔎 The name of your branch is ${{ github.ref }} and your repository is ${{ github.repository }}."
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - run: echo "💡 The ${{ github.repository }} repository has been cloned to the runner."
      - run: echo "🖥️ The workflow is now ready to test your code on the runner."
      - name: List files in the repository
        run: |
          ls ${{ github.workspace }}
      - run: echo "🍏 This job's status is ${{ job.status }}."
```

If all is well, you'll see a new run in `Actions` tab:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884473-79a874bc-171b-4aaf-acd5-0241a45c3b53.png">

#### 5. Check the logs of jobs

Click a run and you'll see the logs:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884800-994b0374-67f7-48ff-be9a-4c53f3141547.png">

#### 6. Go on

You can try more examples in [the
documents](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions)
of GitHub Actions, then you might find a lot of bugs.

Come on, PRs are welcome.

</details>

See also: [Feature Preview: Gitea
Actions](https://blog.gitea.io/2022/12/feature-preview-gitea-actions/)

---------

Co-authored-by: a101211279 <1012112796@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: delvh <dev.lh@web.de>
Co-authored-by: ChristopherHX <christopher.homberger@web.de>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>

This PR changed the Auth interface signature from 
`Verify(http *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter, store DataStore, sess
SessionStore) *user_model.User`
to 
`Verify(http *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter, store DataStore, sess
SessionStore) (*user_model.User, error)`.

There is a new return argument `error` which means the verification
condition matched but verify process failed, we should stop the auth
process.

Before this PR, when return a `nil` user, we don't know the reason why
it returned `nil`. If the match condition is not satisfied or it
verified failure? For these two different results, we should have
different handler. If the match condition is not satisfied, we should
try next auth method and if there is no more auth method, it's an
anonymous user. If the condition matched but verify failed, the auth
process should be stop and return immediately.

This will fix #20563

Co-authored-by: KN4CK3R <admin@oldschoolhack.me>
Co-authored-by: Jason Song <i@wolfogre.com>

Co-authored-by: KN4CK3R <admin@oldschoolhack.me>
Co-authored-by: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

Change all license headers to comply with REUSE specification.

Fix #16132

Co-authored-by: flynnnnnnnnnn <flynnnnnnnnnn@github>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>

* Move some files into models' sub packages

* Move functions

* merge main branch

* Fix check

* fix check

* Fix some tests

* Fix lint

* Fix lint

* Revert lint changes

* Fix error comments

* Fix lint

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>

* Added package store settings.

* Added models.

* Added generic package registry.

* Added tests.

* Added NuGet package registry.

* Moved service index to api file.

* Added NPM package registry.

* Added Maven package registry.

* Added PyPI package registry.

* Summary is deprecated.

* Changed npm name.

* Sanitize project url.

* Allow only scoped packages.

* Added user interface.

* Changed method name.

* Added missing migration file.

* Set page info.

* Added documentation.

* Added documentation links.

* Fixed wrong error message.

* Lint template files.

* Fixed merge errors.

* Fixed unit test storage path.

* Switch to json module.

* Added suggestions.

* Added package webhook.

* Add package api.

* Fixed swagger file.

* Fixed enum and comments.

* Fixed NuGet pagination.

* Print test names.

* Added api tests.

* Fixed access level.

* Fix User unmarshal.

* Added RubyGems package registry.

* Fix lint.

* Implemented io.Writer.

* Added support for sha256/sha512 checksum files.

* Improved maven-metadata.xml support.

* Added support for symbol package uploads.

* Added tests.

* Added overview docs.

* Added npm dependencies and keywords.

* Added no-packages information.

* Display file size.

* Display asset count.

* Fixed filter alignment.

* Added package icons.

* Formatted instructions.

* Allow anonymous package downloads.

* Fixed comments.

* Fixed postgres test.

* Moved file.

* Moved models to models/packages.

* Use correct error response format per client.

* Use simpler search form.

* Fixed IsProd.

* Restructured data model.

* Prevent empty filename.

* Fix swagger.

* Implemented user/org registry.

* Implemented UI.

* Use GetUserByIDCtx.

* Use table for dependencies.

* make svg

* Added support for unscoped npm packages.

* Add support for npm dist tags.

* Added tests for npm tags.

* Unlink packages if repository gets deleted.

* Prevent user/org delete if a packages exist.

* Use package unlink in repository service.

* Added support for composer packages.

* Restructured package docs.

* Added missing tests.

* Fixed generic content page.

* Fixed docs.

* Fixed swagger.

* Added missing type.

* Fixed ambiguous column.

* Organize content store by sha256 hash.

* Added admin package management.

* Added support for sorting.

* Add support for multiple identical versions/files.

* Added missing repository unlink.

* Added file properties.

* make fmt

* lint

* Added Conan package registry.

* Updated docs.

* Unify package names.

* Added swagger enum.

* Use longer TEXT column type.

* Removed version composite key.

* Merged package and container registry.

* Removed index.

* Use dedicated package router.

* Moved files to new location.

* Updated docs.

* Fixed JOIN order.

* Fixed GROUP BY statement.

* Fixed GROUP BY #2.

* Added symbol server support.

* Added more tests.

* Set NOT NULL.

* Added setting to disable package registries.

* Moved auth into service.

* refactor

* Use ctx everywhere.

* Added package cleanup task.

* Changed packages path.

* Added container registry.

* Refactoring

* Updated comparison.

* Fix swagger.

* Fixed table order.

* Use token auth for npm routes.

* Enabled ReverseProxy auth.

* Added packages link for orgs.

* Fixed anonymous org access.

* Enable copy button for setup instructions.

* Merge error

* Added suggestions.

* Fixed merge.

* Handle "generic".

* Added link for TODO.

* Added suggestions.

* Changed temporary buffer filename.

* Added suggestions.

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Thomas Boerger <thomas@webhippie.de>

* Update docs/content/doc/packages/nuget.en-us.md

Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Thomas Boerger <thomas@webhippie.de>

* gofumpt -w -l .

* gofumpt -w -l -extra .

* Add linter

* manual fix

* change make fmt

* Move user related model into models/user

* Fix lint for windows

* Fix windows lint

* Fix windows lint

* Move some tests in models

* Merge

In order to reduce load on the GC extract out the constant names of the Basic and ReverseProxy methods.

As mentioned in https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/15119#discussion_r730352176

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

This PR extends #16594 to allow LDAP to be able to be set to skip local 2FA too. The technique used here would be extensible to PAM and SMTP sources.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

Duplicate #15987 to allow access to releases download through BASIC authentication.

Fix #16914

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

`models` does far too much. In particular it handles all `UserSignin`.

It shouldn't be responsible for calling LDAP, SMTP or PAM for signing in.

Therefore we should move this code out of `models`.

This code has to depend on `models` - therefore it belongs in `services`.

There is a package in `services` called `auth` and clearly this functionality belongs in there.

Plan:

- [x] Change `auth.Auth` to `auth.Method` - as they represent methods of authentication.
- [x] Move `models.UserSignIn` into `auth`
- [x] Move `models.ExternalUserLogin`
- [x] Move most of the `LoginVia*` methods to `auth` or subpackages
- [x] Move Resynchronize functionality to `auth`
  - Involved some restructuring of `models/ssh_key.go` to reduce the size of this massive file and simplify its files.
- [x] Move the rest of the LDAP functionality in to the ldap subpackage
- [x] Re-factor the login sources to express an interfaces `auth.Source`?
  - I've done this through some smaller interfaces Authenticator and Synchronizable - which would allow us to extend things in future
- [x] Now LDAP is out of models - need to think about modules/auth/ldap and I think all of that functionality might just be moveable
- [x] Similarly a lot Oauth2 functionality need not be in models too and should be moved to services/auth/source/oauth2
  - [x] modules/auth/oauth2/oauth2.go uses xorm... This is naughty - probably need to move this into models.
  - [x] models/oauth2.go - mostly should be in modules/auth/oauth2 or services/auth/source/oauth2 
- [x] More simplifications of login_source.go may need to be done
- Allow wiring in of notify registration -  *this can now easily be done - but I think we should do it in another PR*  - see #16178 
- More refactors...?
  - OpenID should probably become an auth Method but I think that can be left for another PR
  - Methods should also probably be cleaned up  - again another PR I think.
  - SSPI still needs more refactors.* Rename auth.Auth auth.Method
* Restructure ssh_key.go

- move functions from models/user.go that relate to ssh_key to ssh_key
- split ssh_key.go to try create clearer function domains for allow for
future refactors here.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Add sso.Group, context.Auth, context.APIAuth to allow auth special routes

* Remove unnecessary check

* Rename sso -> auth

* remove unused method of Auth interface

It appears that people have been using token authentication to navigate to raw paths
and recent changes have broken this. Whilst ideally these paths would not be being used
like this - it was not the intention to be a breaking change.

This PR restores access to these paths.

Fix #13772

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Prevent double-login for Git HTTP and LFS and simplify login

There are a number of inconsistencies with our current methods for
logging in for git and lfs. The first is that there is a double login
process. This is particularly evident in 1.13 where there are no less
than 4 hash checks for basic authentication due to the previous
IsPasswordSet behaviour.

This duplicated code had individual inconsistencies that were not
helpful and caused confusion.

This PR does the following:

* Remove the specific login code from the git and lfs handlers except
for the lfs special bearer token
* Simplify the meaning of DisableBasicAuthentication to allow Token and
Oauth2 sign-in.
* The removal of the specific code from git and lfs means that these
both now have the same login semantics and can - if not
DisableBasicAuthentication - login from external services. Further it
allows Oauth2 token authentication as per our standard mechanisms.
* The change in the recovery handler prevents the service from
re-attempting to login - primarily because this could easily cause a
further panic and it is wasteful.

* add test

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

It is currenly impossible to detect which "SSO" method is responsible for login. This
PR adds some basic trace logging to these methods.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* fix build

* take flash error message back and fix more windows lint error

* performance optimization

* own step to check lint for windows

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>

* Some changes to fix recovery

* Move Recovery to middlewares

* Remove trace code

* Fix lint

* add session middleware and remove dependent on macaron for sso

* Fix panic 500 page rendering

* Fix bugs

* Fix fmt

* Fix vendor

* recover unnecessary change

* Fix lint and addd some comments about the copied codes.

* Use util.StatDir instead of com.StatDir

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>

* Add single sign-on support via SSPI on Windows

* Ensure plugins implement interface

* Ensure plugins implement interface

* Move functions used only by the SSPI auth method to sspi_windows.go

* Field SSPISeparatorReplacement of AuthenticationForm should not be required via binding, as binding will insist the field is non-empty even if another login type is selected

* Fix breaking of oauth authentication on download links. Do not create new session with SSPI authentication on download links.

* Update documentation for the new 'SPNEGO with SSPI' login source

* Mention in documentation that ROOT_URL should contain the FQDN of the server

* Make sure that Contexter is not checking for active login sources when the ORM engine is not initialized (eg. when installing)

* Always initialize and free SSO methods, even if they are not enabled, as a method can be activated while the app is running (from Authentication sources)

* Add option in SSPIConfig for removing of domains from logon names

* Update helper text for StripDomainNames option

* Make sure handleSignIn() is called after a new user object is created by SSPI auth method

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Remove default value from text of form field helper

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Only make a query to the DB to check if SSPI is enabled on handlers that need that information for templates

* Remove code duplication

* Log errors in ActiveLoginSources

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Revert suffix of randomly generated E-mails for Reverse proxy authentication

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Revert unneeded white-space change in template

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Add copyright comments at the top of new files

* Use loopback name for randomly generated emails

* Add locale tag for the SSPISeparatorReplacement field with proper casing

* Revert casing of SSPISeparatorReplacement field in locale file, moving it up, next to other form fields

* Update docs/content/doc/features/authentication.en-us.md

Co-Authored-By: guillep2k <18600385+guillep2k@users.noreply.github.com>

* Remove Priority() method and define the order in which SSO auth methods should be executed in one place

* Log authenticated username only if it's not empty

* Rephrase helper text for automatic creation of users

* Return error if more than one active SSPI auth source is found

* Change newUser() function to return error, letting caller log/handle the error

* Move isPublicResource, isPublicPage and handleSignIn functions outside SSPI auth method to allow other SSO methods to reuse them if needed

* Refactor initialization of the list containing SSO auth methods

* Validate SSPI settings on POST

* Change SSPI to only perform authentication on its own login page, API paths and download links. Leave Toggle middleware to redirect non authenticated users to login page

* Make 'Default language' in SSPI config empty, unless changed by admin

* Show error if admin tries to add a second authentication source of type SSPI

* Simplify declaration of global variable

* Rebuild gitgraph.js on Linux

* Make sure config values containing only whitespace are not accepted