Currently 'userxx' and 'orgxx' are both used as username in test files
when the user type is org, which is confusing. This PR replaces all
'userxx' with 'orgxx' when the user type is org(`user.type==1`).
Some non-trivial changes
1. Rename `user3` dir to `org3` in `tests/git-repositories-meta` 
2. Change `end` in `issue reference` because 'org3' is one char shorter
than 'user3'

![ksnip_20230913-112819](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/70063547/442988c5-4cf4-49b8-aa01-4dd6bf0ca954)
3. Change the search result number of `user/repo2` because
`user3/repo21` can't be searched now

![ksnip_20230913-112931](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/70063547/d9ebeba4-479f-4110-9a85-825efbc981fd)
4. Change the first org name getting from API because the result is
ordered by alphabet asc and now `org 17` is before `org25`
![JW8U7NIO(J$H
_YCRB36H)T](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/70063547/f55a685c-cf24-40e5-a87f-3a2327319548)
![)KFD411O4I8RB5ZOH7E0
Z3](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/70063547/a0dc3299-249c-46f6-91cb-d15d4ee88dd5)

Other modifications are just find all and replace all.
Unit tests with SQLite are all passed.

---------

Co-authored-by: caicandong <1290147055@qq.com>

## Changes
- Adds the following high level access scopes, each with `read` and
`write` levels:
    - `activitypub`
    - `admin` (hidden if user is not a site admin)
    - `misc`
    - `notification`
    - `organization`
    - `package`
    - `issue`
    - `repository`
    - `user`
- Adds new middleware function `tokenRequiresScopes()` in addition to
`reqToken()`
  -  `tokenRequiresScopes()` is used for each high-level api section
- _if_ a scoped token is present, checks that the required scope is
included based on the section and HTTP method
  - `reqToken()` is used for individual routes
- checks that required authentication is present (but does not check
scope levels as this will already have been handled by
`tokenRequiresScopes()`
- Adds migration to convert old scoped access tokens to the new set of
scopes
- Updates the user interface for scope selection

### User interface example
<img width="903" alt="Screen Shot 2023-05-31 at 1 56 55 PM"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/23248839/654766ec-2143-4f59-9037-3b51600e32f3">
<img width="917" alt="Screen Shot 2023-05-31 at 1 56 43 PM"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/23248839/1ad64081-012c-4a73-b393-66b30352654c">

## tokenRequiresScopes  Design Decision
- `tokenRequiresScopes()` was added to more reliably cover api routes.
For an incoming request, this function uses the given scope category
(say `AccessTokenScopeCategoryOrganization`) and the HTTP method (say
`DELETE`) and verifies that any scoped tokens in use include
`delete:organization`.
- `reqToken()` is used to enforce auth for individual routes that
require it. If a scoped token is not present for a request,
`tokenRequiresScopes()` will not return an error

## TODO
- [x] Alphabetize scope categories
- [x] Change 'public repos only' to a radio button (private vs public).
Also expand this to organizations
- [X] Disable token creation if no scopes selected. Alternatively, show
warning
- [x] `reqToken()` is missing from many `POST/DELETE` routes in the api.
`tokenRequiresScopes()` only checks that a given token has the correct
scope, `reqToken()` must be used to check that a token (or some other
auth) is present.
   -  _This should be addressed in this PR_
- [x] The migration should be reviewed very carefully in order to
minimize access changes to existing user tokens.
   - _This should be addressed in this PR_
- [x] Link to api to swagger documentation, clarify what
read/write/delete levels correspond to
- [x] Review cases where more than one scope is needed as this directly
deviates from the api definition.
   - _This should be addressed in this PR_
   - For example: 
   ```go
	m.Group("/users/{username}/orgs", func() {
		m.Get("", reqToken(), org.ListUserOrgs)
		m.Get("/{org}/permissions", reqToken(), org.GetUserOrgsPermissions)
}, tokenRequiresScopes(auth_model.AccessTokenScopeCategoryUser,
auth_model.AccessTokenScopeCategoryOrganization),
context_service.UserAssignmentAPI())
   ```

## Future improvements
- [ ] Add required scopes to swagger documentation
- [ ] Redesign `reqToken()` to be opt-out rather than opt-in
- [ ] Subdivide scopes like `repository`
- [ ] Once a token is created, if it has no scopes, we should display
text instead of an empty bullet point
- [ ] If the 'public repos only' option is selected, should read
categories be selected by default

Closes #24501
Closes #24799

Co-authored-by: Jonathan Tran <jon@allspice.io>
Co-authored-by: Kyle D <kdumontnu@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>

This PR adds the support for scopes of access tokens, mimicking the
design of GitHub OAuth scopes.

The changes of the core logic are in `models/auth` that `AccessToken`
struct will have a `Scope` field. The normalized (no duplication of
scope), comma-separated scope string will be stored in `access_token`
table in the database.
In `services/auth`, the scope will be stored in context, which will be
used by `reqToken` middleware in API calls. Only OAuth2 tokens will have
granular token scopes, while others like BasicAuth will default to scope
`all`.
A large amount of work happens in `routers/api/v1/api.go` and the
corresponding `tests/integration` tests, that is adding necessary scopes
to each of the API calls as they fit.


- [x] Add `Scope` field to `AccessToken`
- [x] Add access control to all API endpoints
- [x] Update frontend & backend for when creating tokens
- [x] Add a database migration for `scope` column (enable 'all' access
to past tokens)

I'm aiming to complete it before Gitea 1.19 release.

Fixes #4300

Change all license headers to comply with REUSE specification.

Fix #16132

Co-authored-by: flynnnnnnnnnn <flynnnnnnnnnn@github>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>

* Add initial playwright config

* Simplify Makefile

* Simplify Makefile

* Use correct config files

* Update playwright settings

* Fix package-lock file

* Don't use test logger for e2e tests

* fix frontend lint

* Allow passing TEST_LOGGER variable

* Init postgres database

* use standard gitea env variables

* Update playwright

* update drone

* Move empty env var to commands

* Cleanup

* Move integrations to subfolder

* tests integrations to tests integraton

* Run e2e tests with go test

* Fix linting

* install CI deps

* Add files to ESlint

* Fix drone typo

* Don't log to console in CI

* Use go test http server

* Add build step before tests

* Move shared init function to common package

* fix drone

* Clean up tests

* Fix linting

* Better mocking for page + version string

* Cleanup test generation

* Remove dependency on gitea binary

* Fix linting

* add initial support for running specific tests

* Add ACCEPT_VISUAL variable

* don't require git-lfs

* Add initial documentation

* Review feedback

* Add logged in session test

* Attempt fixing drone race

* Cleanup and bump version

* Bump deps

* Review feedback

* simplify installation

* Fix ci

* Update install docs

* Refactor AssertExistsAndLoadBean to use generics

* Fix tests

Co-authored-by: zeripath <art27@cantab.net>

* Remove dependent on session auth for api/v1 routers

* Remove unnecessary session on API context

* remove missed header

* fix test

* fix missed api/v1

* gofumpt -w -l .

* gofumpt -w -l -extra .

* Add linter

* manual fix

* change make fmt

* Some refactors related repository model

* Move more methods out of repository

* Move repository into models/repo

* Fix test

* Fix test

* some improvements

* Remove unnecessary function

* Move user related model into models/user

* Fix lint for windows

* Fix windows lint

* Fix windows lint

* Move some tests in models

* Merge

* Remove unnecessary variable assignments

As title

* enable ineffassign

Co-authored-by: zeripath <art27@cantab.net>
Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>

* Move db related basic functions to models/db

* Fix lint

* Fix lint

* Fix test

* Fix lint

* Fix lint

* revert unnecessary change

* Fix test

* Fix wrong replace string

* Use *Context

* Correct committer spelling and fix wrong replaced words

Co-authored-by: zeripath <art27@cantab.net>

* Add info about list endpoints to CONTRIBUTING.md

* Let all list endpoints return X-Total-Count header 

* Add TODOs for GetCombinedCommitStatusByRef

* Fix models/issue_stopwatch.go

* Rrefactor models.ListDeployKeys

* Introduce helper func and use them for SetLinkHeader related func

* Fix data race in testlogger

* Update git_helper_for_declarative_test.go

* Create API endpoints for repo topics.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Generate swagger

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Add documentation to functions

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Grammar fix

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix function comment

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Can't use FindTopics when looking for a single repo topic, as it doesnt use exact match

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Add PUT ​/repos​/{owner}​/{repo}​/topics and remove GET ​/repos​/{owner}​/{repo}​/topics

* Ignore if topic is sent twice in same request, refactoring.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix topic dropdown with api changes.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Style fix

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Update API documentation

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Better way to handle duplicate topics in slice

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Make response element TopicName an array of strings, instead of using an array of TopicName

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Add test cases for API Repo Topics.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix format of tests

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix comments

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix unit tests after adding some more topics to the test fixture.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Update models/topic.go

Limit multiple if else if ...

Co-Authored-By: Antoine GIRARD <sapk@users.noreply.github.com>

* Engine as first parameter in function

Co-Authored-By: Antoine GIRARD <sapk@users.noreply.github.com>

* Replace magic numbers with http status code constants.

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix variable scope

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Test one read with login and one with token

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Add some more tests

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Use empty struct for efficiency

Co-Authored-By: Lauris BH <lauris@nix.lv>

* Add test case to check access for user with write access

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Fix access, repo admin required to change topics

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Correct first test to be without token

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>

* Any repo reader should be able to access topics.

* No need for string pointer

Signed-off-by: David Svantesson <davidsvantesson@gmail.com>