Move `public/*` to `public/assets/*`

Some old PRs (like #15219) introduced inconsistent directory system.

For example: why the local directory "public" is accessed by
`http://site/assets`? How to serve the ".well-known" files properly in
the public directory?

For convention rules, the "public" directory is widely used for the
website's root directory. It shouldn't be an exception for Gitea.

So, this PR makes the things consistent:

* `http://site/assets/foo` means `{CustomPath}/public/assets/foo`.
* `{CustomPath}/public/.well-known` and `{CustomPath}/public/robots.txt`
can be used in the future.

This PR is also a prerequisite for a clear solution for:
* #21942
* #25892 
* discourse.gitea.io: [.well-known path serving custom files behind
proxy?](https://discourse.gitea.io/t/well-known-path-serving-custom-files-behind-proxy/5445/1)

This PR is breaking for users who have custom "public" files (CSS/JS).
After getting approvals, I will update the documents.

----

## ⚠️ BREAKING ⚠️

If you have files in your "custom/public/" folder, please move them to
"custom/public/assets/".

---------

Co-authored-by: 6543 <6543@obermui.de>
Co-authored-by: Giteabot <teabot@gitea.io>

Fix #23409 

Developers could browse & preview the local SVG images files directly.

It still has clear output.

![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2114189/224317107-f4b26c76-e36a-4e80-9eee-d8dc2e16421f.png)


![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2114189/224317527-2d4ca131-978c-4933-b071-4bae483f06e1.png)

---------

Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>
Co-authored-by: delvh <leon@kske.dev>

* Update JS dependencies

- Update all JS dependencies
- For octicons, rename trashcan to trash
- For svgo, migrate to v2 api, output seems to have slightly changed but icons look the same
- For stylelint, update config, fix custom property duplicates
- For monaco, drop legacy Edge support
- For eslint, enable new rules, fix new issues
- For less-loader, remove deprecated import syntax

* update svgo usage in generate-images and rebuild logo.svg with it

Introduce 'make svg' which calls a node script that compiles svg files
to `public/img/svg`. These files are vendored to not create a dependency
on Node for the backend build.

On the frontend side, configure webpack using `raw-loader` so SVGs can
be imported as string.

Also moved our existing SVGs to web_src/svg for consistency.

Fixes: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/11618