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  1. <html><head>

  2.       <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">

  3.    <title>A brief introduction to XSL</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="reference.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="DocBook XSL Stylesheet Documentation"><link rel="up" href="publishing.html" title="Chapter 1. DocBook XSL"><link rel="previous" href="publishing.html" title="Chapter 1. DocBook XSL"><link rel="next" href="ch01s03.html" title="XSL processing model"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">A brief introduction to XSL</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="publishing.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. DocBook XSL</th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch01s03.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1"><a name="d0e168"></a><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="d0e168"></a>A brief introduction to XSL</h2></div></div><p>XSL is both a transformation language and a

  4.  formatting language. The XSLT transformation part lets you

  5.  scan through a document's structure and rearrange its

  6.  content any way you like. You can write out the content

  7.  using a different set of XML tags, and generate text as

  8.  needed. For example, you can scan through a document to

  9.  locate all headings and then insert a generated table of

  10.  contents at the beginning of the document, at the same time

  11.  writing out the content marked up as HTML. XSL is also a

  12.  rich formatting language, letting you apply typesetting

  13.  controls to all components of your output. With a good

  14.  formatting backend, it is capable of producing high quality

  15.  printed pages.</p><p>An XSL stylesheet is written using XML syntax, and is

  16.  itself a well-formed XML document. That makes the basic

  17.  syntax familiar, and enables an XML processor to check for

  18.  basic syntax errors. The stylesheet instructions use

  19.  special element names, which typically begin with

  20.  <tt>xsl:</tt> to distinguish them from any XML

  21.  tags you want to appear in the output. The XSL namespace is

  22.  identified at the top of the stylesheet file. As with other

  23.  XML, any XSL elements that are not empty will require a

  24.  closing tag. And some XSL elements have specific attributes

  25.  that control their behavior. It helps to keep a good XSL

  26.  reference book handy.</p><p>Here is an example of a simple XSL stylesheet applied

  27.  to a simple XML file to generate HTML output.</p><div class="example"><p><a name="d0e180"></a><b>Example 1.1. Simple XML file</b></p><pre class="programlisting">&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;

  28. &lt;document&gt;

  29. &lt;title&gt;Using a mouse&lt;/title&gt;

  30. &lt;para&gt;It's easy to use a mouse. Just roll it

  31. around and click the buttons.&lt;/para&gt;

  32. &lt;/document&gt;</pre></div><div class="example"><p><a name="d0e185"></a><b>Example 1.2. Simple XSL stylesheet</b></p><pre class="programlisting">&lt;?xml version='1.0'?&gt;

  33. &lt;xsl:stylesheet

  34.           xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version='1.0'&gt;

  35. &lt;xsl:output method="html"/&gt;

  36. 

  37. &lt;xsl:template match="document"&gt;

  38.   &lt;HTML&gt;&lt;HEAD&gt;&lt;TITLE&gt;

  39.     &lt;xsl:value-of select="./title"/&gt;

  40.   &lt;/TITLE&gt;

  41.   &lt;/HEAD&gt;

  42.   &lt;BODY&gt;

  43.     &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;

  44.   &lt;/BODY&gt;

  45.   &lt;/HTML&gt;

  46. &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

  47. 

  48. &lt;xsl:template match="title"&gt;

  49.   &lt;H1&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/H1&gt;

  50. &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

  51. 

  52. &lt;xsl:template match="para"&gt;

  53.   &lt;P&gt;&lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

  54. &lt;/xsl:template&gt;

  55. 

  56. &lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;

  57. </pre></div><div class="example"><p><a name="d0e190"></a><b>Example 1.3. HTML output</b></p><pre class="programlisting">&lt;HTML&gt;

  58. &lt;HEAD&gt;

  59. &lt;TITLE&gt;Using a mouse&lt;/TITLE&gt;

  60. &lt;/HEAD&gt;

  61. &lt;BODY&gt;

  62. &lt;H1&gt;Using a mouse&lt;/H1&gt;

  63. &lt;P&gt;It's easy to use a mouse. Just roll it

  64. around and click the buttons.&lt;/P&gt;

  65. &lt;/BODY&gt;

  66. &lt;/HTML&gt;

  67. </pre></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="publishing.html">Prev</a>&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="ch01s03.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left">Chapter 1. DocBook XSL&nbsp;</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="publishing.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">&nbsp;XSL processing model</td></tr></table></div></body></html>