poi/src/java/org/apache/poi/hssf/usermodel/HSSFWorkbook.java

/* ====================================================================
   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
==================================================================== */

package org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException;
import org.apache.poi.POIDocument;
import org.apache.poi.ddf.EscherBSERecord;
import org.apache.poi.ddf.EscherBitmapBlip;
import org.apache.poi.ddf.EscherBlipRecord;
import org.apache.poi.ddf.EscherMetafileBlip;
import org.apache.poi.ddf.EscherRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hpsf.ClassID;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.OldExcelFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.DrawingManager2;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.HSSFFormulaParser;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalSheet.UnsupportedBOFType;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.RecordStream;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.AbstractEscherHolderRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BackupRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.DrawingGroupRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.ExtendedFormatRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.FontRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelSSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NameRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RecalcIdRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.Record;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RecordFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.UnknownRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.aggregates.RecordAggregate.RecordVisitor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.common.UnicodeString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.CellReference;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.crypt.Decryptor;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.DirectoryEntry;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.DirectoryNode;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.EntryUtils;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.FilteringDirectoryNode;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.NPOIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.Ole10Native;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.FormulaShifter;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.FormulaType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.SheetNameFormatter;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.udf.AggregatingUDFFinder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.udf.IndexedUDFFinder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.udf.UDFFinder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row.MissingCellPolicy;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.WorkbookUtil;
import org.apache.poi.util.Configurator;
import org.apache.poi.util.HexDump;
import org.apache.poi.util.LittleEndian;
import org.apache.poi.util.POILogFactory;
import org.apache.poi.util.POILogger;


/**
 * High level representation of a workbook.  This is the first object most users
 * will construct whether they are reading or writing a workbook.  It is also the
 * top level object for creating new sheets/etc.
 *
 * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalWorkbook
 * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet
 */
public final class HSSFWorkbook extends POIDocument implements org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook {
    private static final Pattern COMMA_PATTERN = Pattern.compile(",");

    /**
     * The maximum number of cell styles in a .xls workbook.
     * The 'official' limit is 4,000, but POI allows a slightly larger number.
     * This extra delta takes into account built-in styles that are automatically
     * created for new workbooks
     *
     * See http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/excel-specifications-and-limits-HP005199291.aspx
     */
    private static final int MAX_STYLES = 4030;

    private static final int DEBUG = POILogger.DEBUG;

    /**
     * used for compile-time performance/memory optimization.  This determines the
     * initial capacity for the sheet collection.  Its currently set to 3.
     * Changing it in this release will decrease performance
     * since you're never allowed to have more or less than three sheets!
     */

    public final static int INITIAL_CAPACITY = Configurator.getIntValue("HSSFWorkbook.SheetInitialCapacity",3);

    /**
     * this is the reference to the low level Workbook object
     */

    private InternalWorkbook workbook;

    /**
     * this holds the HSSFSheet objects attached to this workbook
     */

    protected List<HSSFSheet> _sheets;

    /**
     * this holds the HSSFName objects attached to this workbook
     */

    private ArrayList<HSSFName> names;

    /**
     * this holds the HSSFFont objects attached to this workbook.
     * We only create these from the low level records as required.
     */
    private Hashtable<Short,HSSFFont> fonts;

    /**
     * holds whether or not to preserve other nodes in the POIFS.  Used
     * for macros and embedded objects.
     */
    private boolean   preserveNodes;

    /**
     * Used to keep track of the data formatter so that all
     * createDataFormatter calls return the same one for a given
     * book.  This ensures that updates from one places is visible
     * someplace else.
     */
    private HSSFDataFormat formatter;

    /**
     * The policy to apply in the event of missing or
     *  blank cells when fetching from a row.
     * See {@link MissingCellPolicy}
     */
    private MissingCellPolicy missingCellPolicy = HSSFRow.RETURN_NULL_AND_BLANK;

    private static POILogger log = POILogFactory.getLogger(HSSFWorkbook.class);

    /**
     * The locator of user-defined functions.
     * By default includes functions from the Excel Analysis Toolpack
     */
    private UDFFinder _udfFinder = new IndexedUDFFinder(UDFFinder.DEFAULT);

    public static HSSFWorkbook create(InternalWorkbook book) {
    	return new HSSFWorkbook(book);
    }
    /**
     * Creates new HSSFWorkbook from scratch (start here!)
     *
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook() {
        this(InternalWorkbook.createWorkbook());
    }

    private HSSFWorkbook(InternalWorkbook book) {
        super((DirectoryNode)null);
        workbook = book;
        _sheets = new ArrayList<HSSFSheet>(INITIAL_CAPACITY);
        names = new ArrayList<HSSFName>(INITIAL_CAPACITY);
    }

    /**
     * Given a POI POIFSFileSystem object, read in its Workbook along
     *  with all related nodes, and populate the high and low level models.
     * <p>This calls {@link #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem, boolean)} with
     *  preserve nodes set to true. 
     * 
     * @see #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem, boolean)
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem fs) throws IOException {
        this(fs,true);
    }
    /**
     * Given a POI POIFSFileSystem object, read in its Workbook along
     *  with all related nodes, and populate the high and low level models.
     * <p>This calls {@link #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem, boolean)} with
     *  preserve nodes set to true. 
     * 
     * @see #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem, boolean)
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(NPOIFSFileSystem fs) throws IOException {
        this(fs.getRoot(),true);
    }

    /**
     * Given a POI POIFSFileSystem object, read in its Workbook and populate 
     * the high and low level models.  If you're reading in a workbook... start here!
     *
     * @param fs the POI filesystem that contains the Workbook stream.
     * @param preserveNodes whether to preserve other nodes, such as
     *        macros.  This takes more memory, so only say yes if you
     *        need to. If set, will store all of the POIFSFileSystem
     *        in memory
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem fs, boolean preserveNodes)
            throws IOException {
        this(fs.getRoot(), fs, preserveNodes);
    }

    /**
     * Normally, the Workbook will be in a POIFS Stream
     * called "Workbook". However, some weird XLS generators use "WORKBOOK"
     */
    private static final String[] WORKBOOK_DIR_ENTRY_NAMES = {
        "Workbook", // as per BIFF8 spec
        "WORKBOOK", // Typically from third party programs
        "BOOK",     // Typically odd Crystal Reports exports
    };


    public static String getWorkbookDirEntryName(DirectoryNode directory) {

        for (int i = 0; i < WORKBOOK_DIR_ENTRY_NAMES.length; i++) {
            String wbName = WORKBOOK_DIR_ENTRY_NAMES[i];
            try {
                directory.getEntry(wbName);
                return wbName;
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // continue - to try other options
            }
        }
        
        // check for an encrypted .xlsx file - they get OLE2 wrapped
        try {
        	directory.getEntry(Decryptor.DEFAULT_POIFS_ENTRY);
        	throw new EncryptedDocumentException("The supplied spreadsheet seems to be an Encrypted .xlsx file. " +
        			"It must be decrypted before use by XSSF, it cannot be used by HSSF");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // fall through
        }

        // check for previous version of file format
        try {
            directory.getEntry("Book");
            throw new OldExcelFormatException("The supplied spreadsheet seems to be Excel 5.0/7.0 (BIFF5) format. "
                    + "POI only supports BIFF8 format (from Excel versions 97/2000/XP/2003)");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // fall through
        }

        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The supplied POIFSFileSystem does not contain a BIFF8 'Workbook' entry. "
            + "Is it really an excel file?");
    }

    /**
     * given a POI POIFSFileSystem object, and a specific directory
     *  within it, read in its Workbook and populate the high and
     *  low level models.  If you're reading in a workbook...start here.
     *
     * @param directory the POI filesystem directory to process from
     * @param fs the POI filesystem that contains the Workbook stream.
     * @param preserveNodes whether to preserve other nodes, such as
     *        macros.  This takes more memory, so only say yes if you
     *        need to. If set, will store all of the POIFSFileSystem
     *        in memory
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(DirectoryNode directory, POIFSFileSystem fs, boolean preserveNodes)
            throws IOException
    {
       this(directory, preserveNodes);
    }

    /**
     * given a POI POIFSFileSystem object, and a specific directory
     *  within it, read in its Workbook and populate the high and
     *  low level models.  If you're reading in a workbook...start here.
     *
     * @param directory the POI filesystem directory to process from
     * @param preserveNodes whether to preserve other nodes, such as
     *        macros.  This takes more memory, so only say yes if you
     *        need to. If set, will store all of the POIFSFileSystem
     *        in memory
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(DirectoryNode directory, boolean preserveNodes)
            throws IOException
    {
        super(directory);
        String workbookName = getWorkbookDirEntryName(directory);

        this.preserveNodes = preserveNodes;

        // If we're not preserving nodes, don't track the
        //  POIFS any more
        if(! preserveNodes) {
           this.directory = null;
        }

        _sheets = new ArrayList<HSSFSheet>(INITIAL_CAPACITY);
        names  = new ArrayList<HSSFName>(INITIAL_CAPACITY);

        // Grab the data from the workbook stream, however
        //  it happens to be spelled.
        InputStream stream = directory.createDocumentInputStream(workbookName);

        List<Record> records = RecordFactory.createRecords(stream);

        workbook = InternalWorkbook.createWorkbook(records);
        setPropertiesFromWorkbook(workbook);
        int recOffset = workbook.getNumRecords();

        // convert all LabelRecord records to LabelSSTRecord
        convertLabelRecords(records, recOffset);
        RecordStream rs = new RecordStream(records, recOffset);
        while (rs.hasNext()) {
            try {
                InternalSheet sheet = InternalSheet.createSheet(rs);
                _sheets.add(new HSSFSheet(this, sheet));
            } catch (UnsupportedBOFType eb) {
                // Hopefully there's a supported one after this!
                log.log(POILogger.WARN, "Unsupported BOF found of type " + eb.getType());
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0 ; i < workbook.getNumNames() ; ++i){
            NameRecord nameRecord = workbook.getNameRecord(i);
            HSSFName name = new HSSFName(this, nameRecord, workbook.getNameCommentRecord(nameRecord));
            names.add(name);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Companion to HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem), this constructs the 
     *  POI filesystem around your {@link InputStream}, including all nodes.
     * <p>This calls {@link #HSSFWorkbook(InputStream, boolean)} with
     *  preserve nodes set to true. 
     *
     * @see #HSSFWorkbook(InputStream, boolean)
     * @see #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem)
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(InputStream s) throws IOException {
        this(s,true);
    }

    /**
     * Companion to HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem), this constructs the 
     * POI filesystem around your {@link InputStream}.
     *
     * @param s  the POI filesystem that contains the Workbook stream.
     * @param preserveNodes whether to preserve other nodes, such as
     *        macros.  This takes more memory, so only say yes if you
     *        need to.
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     * @see #HSSFWorkbook(POIFSFileSystem)
     * @exception IOException if the stream cannot be read
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook(InputStream s, boolean preserveNodes)
            throws IOException
    {
        this(new NPOIFSFileSystem(s).getRoot(), preserveNodes);
    }

    /**
     * used internally to set the workbook properties.
     */

    private void setPropertiesFromWorkbook(InternalWorkbook book)
    {
        this.workbook = book;

        // none currently
    }

    /**
      * This is basically a kludge to deal with the now obsolete Label records.  If
      * you have to read in a sheet that contains Label records, be aware that the rest
      * of the API doesn't deal with them, the low level structure only provides read-only
      * semi-immutable structures (the sets are there for interface conformance with NO
      * Implementation).  In short, you need to call this function passing it a reference
      * to the Workbook object.  All labels will be converted to LabelSST records and their
      * contained strings will be written to the Shared String table (SSTRecord) within
      * the Workbook.
      *
      * @param records a collection of sheet's records.
      * @param offset the offset to search at
      * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelRecord
      * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelSSTRecord
      * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord
      */

     private void convertLabelRecords(List<Record> records, int offset)
     {
         if (log.check( POILogger.DEBUG ))
             log.log(POILogger.DEBUG, "convertLabelRecords called");
         for (int k = offset; k < records.size(); k++)
         {
             Record rec = records.get(k);

             if (rec.getSid() == LabelRecord.sid)
             {
                 LabelRecord oldrec = ( LabelRecord ) rec;

                 records.remove(k);
                 LabelSSTRecord newrec   = new LabelSSTRecord();
                 int            stringid =
                     workbook.addSSTString(new UnicodeString(oldrec.getValue()));

                 newrec.setRow(oldrec.getRow());
                 newrec.setColumn(oldrec.getColumn());
                 newrec.setXFIndex(oldrec.getXFIndex());
                 newrec.setSSTIndex(stringid);
                       records.add(k, newrec);
             }
         }
         if (log.check( POILogger.DEBUG ))
             log.log(POILogger.DEBUG, "convertLabelRecords exit");
     }

    /**
     * Retrieves the current policy on what to do when
     *  getting missing or blank cells from a row.
     * The default is to return blank and null cells.
     *  {@link MissingCellPolicy}
     */
    public MissingCellPolicy getMissingCellPolicy() {
        return missingCellPolicy;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the policy on what to do when
     *  getting missing or blank cells from a row.
     * This will then apply to all calls to
     *  {@link HSSFRow#getCell(int)}}. See
     *  {@link MissingCellPolicy}.
     * Note that this has no effect on any
     *  iterators, only on when fetching Cells
     *  by their column index.
     */
    public void setMissingCellPolicy(MissingCellPolicy missingCellPolicy) {
        this.missingCellPolicy = missingCellPolicy;
    }

    /**
     * sets the order of appearance for a given sheet.
     *
     * @param sheetname the name of the sheet to reorder
     * @param pos the position that we want to insert the sheet into (0 based)
     */

    public void setSheetOrder(String sheetname, int pos ) {
        int oldSheetIndex = getSheetIndex(sheetname);
        _sheets.add(pos,_sheets.remove(oldSheetIndex));
        workbook.setSheetOrder(sheetname, pos);

        FormulaShifter shifter = FormulaShifter.createForSheetShift(oldSheetIndex, pos);
        for (HSSFSheet sheet : _sheets) {
            sheet.getSheet().updateFormulasAfterCellShift(shifter, /* not used */ -1 );
        }

        workbook.updateNamesAfterCellShift(shifter);

        // adjust active sheet if necessary
        int active = getActiveSheetIndex();
        if(active == oldSheetIndex) {
            // moved sheet was the active one
            setActiveSheet(pos);
        } else if ((active < oldSheetIndex && active < pos) ||
                (active > oldSheetIndex && active > pos)) {
            // not affected
        } else if (pos > oldSheetIndex) {
            // moved sheet was below before and is above now => active is one less
            setActiveSheet(active-1);
        } else {
            // remaining case: moved sheet was higher than active before and is lower now => active is one more
            setActiveSheet(active+1);
        }
    }

    private void validateSheetIndex(int index) {
        int lastSheetIx = _sheets.size() - 1;
        if (index < 0 || index > lastSheetIx) {
            String range = "(0.." +    lastSheetIx + ")";
            if (lastSheetIx == -1) {
                range = "(no sheets)";
            }
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Sheet index ("
                    + index +") is out of range " + range);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Selects a single sheet. This may be different to
     * the 'active' sheet (which is the sheet with focus).
     */
    public void setSelectedTab(int index) {

        validateSheetIndex(index);
        int nSheets = _sheets.size();
        for (int i=0; i<nSheets; i++) {
               getSheetAt(i).setSelected(i == index);
        }
        workbook.getWindowOne().setNumSelectedTabs((short)1);
    }
    /**
     * deprecated May 2008
     * @deprecated use setSelectedTab(int)
     */
    @Deprecated
	public void setSelectedTab(short index) {
        setSelectedTab((int)index);
    }
    public void setSelectedTabs(int[] indexes) {

        for (int i = 0; i < indexes.length; i++) {
            validateSheetIndex(indexes[i]);
        }
        int nSheets = _sheets.size();
        for (int i=0; i<nSheets; i++) {
            boolean bSelect = false;
            for (int j = 0; j < indexes.length; j++) {
                if (indexes[j] == i) {
                    bSelect = true;
                    break;
                }

            }
               getSheetAt(i).setSelected(bSelect);
        }
        workbook.getWindowOne().setNumSelectedTabs((short)indexes.length);
    }
    /**
     * Convenience method to set the active sheet.  The active sheet is is the sheet
     * which is currently displayed when the workbook is viewed in Excel.
     * 'Selected' sheet(s) is a distinct concept.
     */
    public void setActiveSheet(int index) {

        validateSheetIndex(index);
        int nSheets = _sheets.size();
        for (int i=0; i<nSheets; i++) {
             getSheetAt(i).setActive(i == index);
        }
        workbook.getWindowOne().setActiveSheetIndex(index);
    }

    /**
     * gets the tab whose data is actually seen when the sheet is opened.
     * This may be different from the "selected sheet" since excel seems to
     * allow you to show the data of one sheet when another is seen "selected"
     * in the tabs (at the bottom).
     * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet#setSelected(boolean)
     */
    public int getActiveSheetIndex() {
        return workbook.getWindowOne().getActiveSheetIndex();
    }
    /**
     * deprecated May 2008
     * @deprecated - Misleading name - use getActiveSheetIndex()
     */
    @Deprecated
	public short getSelectedTab() {
        return (short) getActiveSheetIndex();
    }


    /**
     * sets the first tab that is displayed in the list of tabs
     * in excel.
     * @param index
     */
    public void setFirstVisibleTab(int index) {
        workbook.getWindowOne().setFirstVisibleTab(index);
    }
    /**
     * deprecated May 2008
     * @deprecated - Misleading name - use setFirstVisibleTab()
     */
    @Deprecated
	public void setDisplayedTab(short index) {
       setFirstVisibleTab(index);
    }

    /**
     * sets the first tab that is displayed in the list of tabs in excel.
     */
    public int getFirstVisibleTab() {
        return workbook.getWindowOne().getFirstVisibleTab();
    }
    /**
     * deprecated May 2008
     * @deprecated - Misleading name - use getFirstVisibleTab()
     */
    @Deprecated
	public short getDisplayedTab() {
        return (short) getFirstVisibleTab();
    }

    /**
     * Set the sheet name.
     *
     * @param sheetIx number (0 based)
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is null or invalid
     *  or workbook already contains a sheet with this name
     * @see #createSheet(String)
     * @see org.apache.poi.ss.util.WorkbookUtil#createSafeSheetName(String nameProposal)
     */
    public void setSheetName(int sheetIx, String name) {
        if (name == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sheetName must not be null");
        }

        if (workbook.doesContainsSheetName(name, sheetIx)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The workbook already contains a sheet with this name");
        }
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIx);
        workbook.setSheetName(sheetIx, name);
    }

    /**
     * @return Sheet name for the specified index
     */
    public String getSheetName(int sheetIndex) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIndex);
        return workbook.getSheetName(sheetIndex);
    }

    public boolean isHidden() {
        return workbook.getWindowOne().getHidden();
    }

    public void setHidden(boolean hiddenFlag) {
        workbook.getWindowOne().setHidden(hiddenFlag);
    }

    public boolean isSheetHidden(int sheetIx) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIx);
        return workbook.isSheetHidden(sheetIx);
    }

    public boolean isSheetVeryHidden(int sheetIx) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIx);
        return workbook.isSheetVeryHidden(sheetIx);
    }


    public void setSheetHidden(int sheetIx, boolean hidden) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIx);
        workbook.setSheetHidden(sheetIx, hidden);
    }

    public void setSheetHidden(int sheetIx, int hidden) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIx);
        WorkbookUtil.validateSheetState(hidden);
        workbook.setSheetHidden(sheetIx, hidden);
    }

    /** Returns the index of the sheet by his name
     * @param name the sheet name
     * @return index of the sheet (0 based)
     */
    public int getSheetIndex(String name){
        return workbook.getSheetIndex(name);
    }

    /** Returns the index of the given sheet
     * @param sheet the sheet to look up
     * @return index of the sheet (0 based). <tt>-1</tt> if not found
     */
    public int getSheetIndex(org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet sheet) {
        for(int i=0; i<_sheets.size(); i++) {
            if(_sheets.get(i) == sheet) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the external sheet index of the sheet
     *  with the given internal index, creating one
     *  if needed.
     * Used by some of the more obscure formula and
     *  named range things.
     * @deprecated for POI internal use only (formula parsing).  This method is likely to
     * be removed in future versions of POI.
     */
    @Deprecated
	public int getExternalSheetIndex(int internalSheetIndex) {
        return workbook.checkExternSheet(internalSheetIndex);
    }
    /**
     * @deprecated for POI internal use only (formula rendering).  This method is likely to
     * be removed in future versions of POI.
     */
    @Deprecated
	public String findSheetNameFromExternSheet(int externSheetIndex){
        // TODO - don't expose internal ugliness like externSheet indexes to the user model API
        return workbook.findSheetFirstNameFromExternSheet(externSheetIndex);
    }
    /**
     * @deprecated for POI internal use only (formula rendering).  This method is likely to
     * be removed in future versions of POI.
     *
     * @param refIndex Index to REF entry in EXTERNSHEET record in the Link Table
     * @param definedNameIndex zero-based to DEFINEDNAME or EXTERNALNAME record
     * @return the string representation of the defined or external name
     */
    @Deprecated
	public String resolveNameXText(int refIndex, int definedNameIndex) {
        // TODO - make this less cryptic / move elsewhere
        return workbook.resolveNameXText(refIndex, definedNameIndex);
    }

    /**
     * create an HSSFSheet for this HSSFWorkbook, adds it to the sheets and returns
     * the high level representation.  Use this to create new sheets.
     *
     * @return HSSFSheet representing the new sheet.
     */

    public HSSFSheet createSheet()
    {
        HSSFSheet sheet = new HSSFSheet(this);

        _sheets.add(sheet);
        workbook.setSheetName(_sheets.size() - 1, "Sheet" + (_sheets.size() - 1));
        boolean isOnlySheet = _sheets.size() == 1;
        sheet.setSelected(isOnlySheet);
        sheet.setActive(isOnlySheet);
        return sheet;
    }

    /**
     * create an HSSFSheet from an existing sheet in the HSSFWorkbook.
     *
     * @return HSSFSheet representing the cloned sheet.
     */

    public HSSFSheet cloneSheet(int sheetIndex) {
        validateSheetIndex(sheetIndex);
        HSSFSheet srcSheet = _sheets.get(sheetIndex);
        String srcName = workbook.getSheetName(sheetIndex);
        HSSFSheet clonedSheet = srcSheet.cloneSheet(this);
        clonedSheet.setSelected(false);
        clonedSheet.setActive(false);

        String name = getUniqueSheetName(srcName);
        int newSheetIndex = _sheets.size();
        _sheets.add(clonedSheet);
        workbook.setSheetName(newSheetIndex, name);

        // Check this sheet has an autofilter, (which has a built-in NameRecord at workbook level)
        int filterDbNameIndex = findExistingBuiltinNameRecordIdx(sheetIndex, NameRecord.BUILTIN_FILTER_DB);
        if (filterDbNameIndex != -1) {
            NameRecord newNameRecord = workbook.cloneFilter(filterDbNameIndex, newSheetIndex);
            HSSFName newName = new HSSFName(this, newNameRecord);
            names.add(newName);
        }
        // TODO - maybe same logic required for other/all built-in name records
//        workbook.cloneDrawings(clonedSheet.getSheet());

        return clonedSheet;
    }

    private String getUniqueSheetName(String srcName) {
        int uniqueIndex = 2;
        String baseName = srcName;
        int bracketPos = srcName.lastIndexOf('(');
        if (bracketPos > 0 && srcName.endsWith(")")) {
            String suffix = srcName.substring(bracketPos + 1, srcName.length() - ")".length());
            try {
                uniqueIndex = Integer.parseInt(suffix.trim());
                uniqueIndex++;
                baseName=srcName.substring(0, bracketPos).trim();
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // contents of brackets not numeric
            }
        }
        while (true) {
            // Try and find the next sheet name that is unique
            String index = Integer.toString(uniqueIndex++);
            String name;
            if (baseName.length() + index.length() + 2 < 31) {
                name = baseName + " (" + index + ")";
            } else {
                name = baseName.substring(0, 31 - index.length() - 2) + "(" + index + ")";
            }

            //If the sheet name is unique, then set it otherwise move on to the next number.
            if (workbook.getSheetIndex(name) == -1) {
              return name;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a new sheet for this Workbook and return the high level representation.
     * Use this to create new sheets.
     *
     * <p>
     *     Note that Excel allows sheet names up to 31 chars in length but other applications
     *     (such as OpenOffice) allow more. Some versions of Excel crash with names longer than 31 chars,
     *     others - truncate such names to 31 character.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     *     POI's SpreadsheetAPI silently truncates the input argument to 31 characters.
     *     Example:
     *
     *     <pre><code>
     *     Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("My very long sheet name which is longer than 31 chars"); // will be truncated
     *     assert 31 == sheet.getSheetName().length();
     *     assert "My very long sheet name which i" == sheet.getSheetName();
     *     </code></pre>
     * </p>
     *
     * Except the 31-character constraint, Excel applies some other rules:
     * <p>
     * Sheet name MUST be unique in the workbook and MUST NOT contain the any of the following characters:
     * <ul>
     * <li> 0x0000 </li>
     * <li> 0x0003 </li>
     * <li> colon (:) </li>
     * <li> backslash (\) </li>
     * <li> asterisk (*) </li>
     * <li> question mark (?) </li>
     * <li> forward slash (/) </li>
     * <li> opening square bracket ([) </li>
     * <li> closing square bracket (]) </li>
     * </ul>
     * The string MUST NOT begin or end with the single quote (') character.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param sheetname  sheetname to set for the sheet.
     * @return Sheet representing the new sheet.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is null or invalid
     *  or workbook already contains a sheet with this name
     * @see org.apache.poi.ss.util.WorkbookUtil#createSafeSheetName(String nameProposal)
     */
    public HSSFSheet createSheet(String sheetname)
    {
        if (sheetname == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sheetName must not be null");
        }

        if (workbook.doesContainsSheetName( sheetname, _sheets.size() ))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException( "The workbook already contains a sheet of this name" );

        HSSFSheet sheet = new HSSFSheet(this);

        workbook.setSheetName(_sheets.size(), sheetname);
        _sheets.add(sheet);
        boolean isOnlySheet = _sheets.size() == 1;
        sheet.setSelected(isOnlySheet);
        sheet.setActive(isOnlySheet);
        return sheet;
    }

    /**
     * get the number of spreadsheets in the workbook (this will be three after serialization)
     * @return number of sheets
     */

    public int getNumberOfSheets()
    {
        return _sheets.size();
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated for POI internal use only (formula parsing).  This method is likely to
     * be removed in future versions of POI.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public int getSheetIndexFromExternSheetIndex(int externSheetNumber) {
        // TODO - don't expose internal ugliness like externSheet indexes to the user model API
        return workbook.getFirstSheetIndexFromExternSheetIndex(externSheetNumber);
    }

    private HSSFSheet[] getSheets() {
        HSSFSheet[] result = new HSSFSheet[_sheets.size()];
        _sheets.toArray(result);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Get the HSSFSheet object at the given index.
     * @param index of the sheet number (0-based physical & logical)
     * @return HSSFSheet at the provided index
     */

    public HSSFSheet getSheetAt(int index)
    {
        validateSheetIndex(index);
        return _sheets.get(index);
    }

    /**
     * Get sheet with the given name (case insensitive match)
     * @param name of the sheet
     * @return HSSFSheet with the name provided or <code>null</code> if it does not exist
     */

    public HSSFSheet getSheet(String name)
    {
        HSSFSheet retval = null;

        for (int k = 0; k < _sheets.size(); k++)
        {
            String sheetname = workbook.getSheetName(k);

            if (sheetname.equalsIgnoreCase(name))
            {
                retval = _sheets.get(k);
            }
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * Removes sheet at the given index.<p/>
     *
     * Care must be taken if the removed sheet is the currently active or only selected sheet in
     * the workbook. There are a few situations when Excel must have a selection and/or active
     * sheet. (For example when printing - see Bug 40414).<br/>
     *
     * This method makes sure that if the removed sheet was active, another sheet will become
     * active in its place.  Furthermore, if the removed sheet was the only selected sheet, another
     * sheet will become selected.  The newly active/selected sheet will have the same index, or
     * one less if the removed sheet was the last in the workbook.
     *
     * @param index of the sheet  (0-based)
     */
    public void removeSheetAt(int index) {
        validateSheetIndex(index);
        boolean wasSelected = getSheetAt(index).isSelected();

        _sheets.remove(index);
        workbook.removeSheet(index);

        // set the remaining active/selected sheet
        int nSheets = _sheets.size();
        if (nSheets < 1) {
            // nothing more to do if there are no sheets left
            return;
        }
        // the index of the closest remaining sheet to the one just deleted
        int newSheetIndex = index;
        if (newSheetIndex >= nSheets) {
            newSheetIndex = nSheets-1;
        }

        if (wasSelected) {
            boolean someOtherSheetIsStillSelected = false;
            for (int i =0; i < nSheets; i++) {
                if (getSheetAt(i).isSelected()) {
                    someOtherSheetIsStillSelected = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!someOtherSheetIsStillSelected) {
                setSelectedTab(newSheetIndex);
            }
        }

        // adjust active sheet
        int active = getActiveSheetIndex();
        if(active == index) {
            // removed sheet was the active one, reset active sheet if there is still one left now
            setActiveSheet(newSheetIndex);
        } else if (active > index) {
            // removed sheet was below the active one => active is one less now
            setActiveSheet(active-1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * determine whether the Excel GUI will backup the workbook when saving.
     *
     * @param backupValue   true to indicate a backup will be performed.
     */

    public void setBackupFlag(boolean backupValue)
    {
        BackupRecord backupRecord = workbook.getBackupRecord();

        backupRecord.setBackup(backupValue ? (short) 1
                : (short) 0);
    }

    /**
     * determine whether the Excel GUI will backup the workbook when saving.
     *
     * @return the current setting for backups.
     */

    public boolean getBackupFlag()
    {
        BackupRecord backupRecord = workbook.getBackupRecord();

        return (backupRecord.getBackup() == 0) ? false
                : true;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the repeating rows and columns for a sheet (as found in
     * 2003:File->PageSetup->Sheet, 2007:Page Layout->Print Titles).
     *   This is function is included in the workbook
     * because it creates/modifies name records which are stored at the
     * workbook level.
     * <p>
     * To set just repeating columns:
     * <pre>
     *  workbook.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0,0,1,-1-1);
     * </pre>
     * To set just repeating rows:
     * <pre>
     *  workbook.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0,-1,-1,0,4);
     * </pre>
     * To remove all repeating rows and columns for a sheet.
     * <pre>
     *  workbook.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0,-1,-1,-1,-1);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param sheetIndex    0 based index to sheet.
     * @param startColumn   0 based start of repeating columns.
     * @param endColumn     0 based end of repeating columns.
     * @param startRow      0 based start of repeating rows.
     * @param endRow        0 based end of repeating rows.
     *
     * @deprecated use {@link HSSFSheet#setRepeatingRows(CellRangeAddress)}
     *        or {@link HSSFSheet#setRepeatingColumns(CellRangeAddress)}
     */
    @Deprecated
	public void setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(int sheetIndex,
                                           int startColumn, int endColumn,
                                           int startRow, int endRow) {
      HSSFSheet sheet = getSheetAt(sheetIndex);

      CellRangeAddress rows = null;
      CellRangeAddress cols = null;

      if (startRow != -1) {
        rows = new CellRangeAddress(startRow, endRow, -1, -1);
      }
      if (startColumn != -1) {
        cols = new CellRangeAddress(-1, -1, startColumn, endColumn);
      }

      sheet.setRepeatingRows(rows);
      sheet.setRepeatingColumns(cols);
    }


    int findExistingBuiltinNameRecordIdx(int sheetIndex, byte builtinCode) {
        for(int defNameIndex =0; defNameIndex<names.size(); defNameIndex++) {
            NameRecord r = workbook.getNameRecord(defNameIndex);
            if (r == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Unable to find all defined names to iterate over");
            }
            if (!r.isBuiltInName() || r.getBuiltInName() != builtinCode) {
                continue;
            }
            if (r.getSheetNumber() -1 == sheetIndex) {
                return defNameIndex;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }


    HSSFName createBuiltInName(byte builtinCode, int sheetIndex) {
      NameRecord nameRecord =
        workbook.createBuiltInName(builtinCode, sheetIndex + 1);
      HSSFName newName = new HSSFName(this, nameRecord, null);
      names.add(newName);
      return newName;
    }


    HSSFName getBuiltInName(byte builtinCode, int sheetIndex) {
      int index = findExistingBuiltinNameRecordIdx(sheetIndex, builtinCode);
      if (index < 0) {
        return null;
      } else {
        return names.get(index);
      }
    }


    /**
     * create a new Font and add it to the workbook's font table
     * @return new font object
     */

    public HSSFFont createFont()
    {
        /*FontRecord font =*/ workbook.createNewFont();
        short fontindex = (short) (getNumberOfFonts() - 1);

        if (fontindex > 3)
        {
            fontindex++;   // THERE IS NO FOUR!!
        }
        if(fontindex == Short.MAX_VALUE){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Maximum number of fonts was exceeded");
        }

        // Ask getFontAt() to build it for us,
        //  so it gets properly cached
        return getFontAt(fontindex);
    }

    /**
     * Finds a font that matches the one with the supplied attributes
     */
    public HSSFFont findFont(short boldWeight, short color, short fontHeight,
                             String name, boolean italic, boolean strikeout,
                             short typeOffset, byte underline)
    {
        for (short i=0; i<=getNumberOfFonts(); i++) {
            // Remember - there is no 4!
            if(i == 4) continue;

            HSSFFont hssfFont = getFontAt(i);
            if (hssfFont.getBoldweight() == boldWeight
                    && hssfFont.getColor() == color
                    && hssfFont.getFontHeight() == fontHeight
                    && hssfFont.getFontName().equals(name)
                    && hssfFont.getItalic() == italic
                    && hssfFont.getStrikeout() == strikeout
                    && hssfFont.getTypeOffset() == typeOffset
                    && hssfFont.getUnderline() == underline)
            {
                return hssfFont;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * get the number of fonts in the font table
     * @return number of fonts
     */

    public short getNumberOfFonts()
    {
        return (short) workbook.getNumberOfFontRecords();
    }

    /**
     * Get the font at the given index number
     * @param idx  index number
     * @return HSSFFont at the index
     */
    public HSSFFont getFontAt(short idx) {
        if(fonts == null) fonts = new Hashtable<Short, HSSFFont>();

        // So we don't confuse users, give them back
        //  the same object every time, but create
        //  them lazily
        Short sIdx = Short.valueOf(idx);
        if(fonts.containsKey(sIdx)) {
            return fonts.get(sIdx);
        }

        FontRecord font = workbook.getFontRecordAt(idx);
        HSSFFont retval = new HSSFFont(idx, font);
        fonts.put(sIdx, retval);

        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * Reset the fonts cache, causing all new calls
     *  to getFontAt() to create new objects.
     * Should only be called after deleting fonts,
     *  and that's not something you should normally do
     */
    protected void resetFontCache() {
        fonts = new Hashtable<Short, HSSFFont>();
    }

    /**
     * Create a new Cell style and add it to the workbook's style table.
     * You can define up to 4000 unique styles in a .xls workbook.
     *
     * @return the new Cell Style object
     * @throws IllegalStateException if the maximum number of cell styles exceeded the limit
     */

    public HSSFCellStyle createCellStyle()
    {
        if(workbook.getNumExFormats() == MAX_STYLES) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("The maximum number of cell styles was exceeded. " +
                    "You can define up to 4000 styles in a .xls workbook");
        }
        ExtendedFormatRecord xfr = workbook.createCellXF();
        short index = (short) (getNumCellStyles() - 1);
        HSSFCellStyle style = new HSSFCellStyle(index, xfr, this);

        return style;
    }

    /**
     * get the number of styles the workbook contains
     * @return count of cell styles
     */

    public short getNumCellStyles()
    {
        return (short) workbook.getNumExFormats();
    }

    /**
     * get the cell style object at the given index
     * @param idx  index within the set of styles
     * @return HSSFCellStyle object at the index
     */
    public HSSFCellStyle getCellStyleAt(short idx)
    {
        ExtendedFormatRecord xfr = workbook.getExFormatAt(idx);
        HSSFCellStyle style = new HSSFCellStyle(idx, xfr, this);

        return style;
    }
    
    /**
     * Closes the underlying {@link NPOIFSFileSystem} from which
     *  the Workbook was read, if any. Has no effect on Workbooks
     *  opened from an InputStream, or newly created ones.
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException
    {
        if (directory != null) {
            if (directory.getNFileSystem() != null) {
                directory.getNFileSystem().close();
                directory = null;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Method write - write out this workbook to an {@link OutputStream}.  Constructs
     * a new POI POIFSFileSystem, passes in the workbook binary representation  and
     * writes it out.
     *
     * @param stream - the java OutputStream you wish to write the XLS to
     *
     * @exception IOException if anything can't be written.
     * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
     */
    @Override
	public void write(OutputStream stream)
            throws IOException
    {
        byte[] bytes = getBytes();
        NPOIFSFileSystem fs = new NPOIFSFileSystem();

        // For tracking what we've written out, used if we're
        //  going to be preserving nodes
        List<String> excepts = new ArrayList<String>(1);

        // Write out the Workbook stream
        fs.createDocument(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes), "Workbook");

        // Write out our HPFS properties, if we have them
        writeProperties(fs, excepts);

        if (preserveNodes) {
            // Don't write out the old Workbook, we'll be doing our new one
            // If the file had an "incorrect" name for the workbook stream,
            // don't write the old one as we'll use the correct name shortly
        	excepts.addAll(Arrays.asList(WORKBOOK_DIR_ENTRY_NAMES));

            // Copy over all the other nodes to our new poifs
            EntryUtils.copyNodes(
                    new FilteringDirectoryNode(this.directory, excepts)
                    , new FilteringDirectoryNode(fs.getRoot(), excepts)
            );

            // YK: preserve StorageClsid, it is important for embedded workbooks,
            // see Bugzilla 47920
            fs.getRoot().setStorageClsid(this.directory.getStorageClsid());
        }
        fs.writeFilesystem(stream);
    }

    /**
     * Totals the sizes of all sheet records and eventually serializes them
     */
    private static final class SheetRecordCollector implements RecordVisitor {

        private List<Record> _list;
        private int _totalSize;

        public SheetRecordCollector() {
            _totalSize = 0;
            _list = new ArrayList<Record>(128);
        }
        public int getTotalSize() {
            return _totalSize;
        }
        public void visitRecord(Record r) {
            _list.add(r);
            _totalSize+=r.getRecordSize();
            
        }
        public int serialize(int offset, byte[] data) {
            int result = 0;
            int nRecs = _list.size();
            for(int i=0; i<nRecs; i++) {
                Record rec = _list.get(i);
                result += rec.serialize(offset + result, data);
            }
            return result;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Method getBytes - get the bytes of just the HSSF portions of the XLS file.
     * Use this to construct a POI POIFSFileSystem yourself.
     *
     *
     * @return byte[] array containing the binary representation of this workbook and all contained
     *         sheets, rows, cells, etc.
     */
    public byte[] getBytes() {
        if (log.check( POILogger.DEBUG )) {
            log.log(DEBUG, "HSSFWorkbook.getBytes()");
        }

        HSSFSheet[] sheets = getSheets();
        int nSheets = sheets.length;


        // before getting the workbook size we must tell the sheets that
        // serialization is about to occur.
        workbook.preSerialize();
        for (int i = 0; i < nSheets; i++) {
            sheets[i].getSheet().preSerialize();
            sheets[i].preSerialize();
        }

        int totalsize = workbook.getSize();

        // pre-calculate all the sheet sizes and set BOF indexes
        SheetRecordCollector[] srCollectors = new SheetRecordCollector[nSheets];
        for (int k = 0; k < nSheets; k++) {
            workbook.setSheetBof(k, totalsize);
            SheetRecordCollector src = new SheetRecordCollector();
            sheets[k].getSheet().visitContainedRecords(src, totalsize);
            totalsize += src.getTotalSize();
            srCollectors[k] = src;
        }

        byte[] retval = new byte[totalsize];
        int pos = workbook.serialize(0, retval);

        for (int k = 0; k < nSheets; k++) {
            SheetRecordCollector src = srCollectors[k];
            int serializedSize = src.serialize(pos, retval);
            if (serializedSize != src.getTotalSize()) {
                // Wrong offset values have been passed in the call to setSheetBof() above.
                // For books with more than one sheet, this discrepancy would cause excel
                // to report errors and loose data while reading the workbook
                throw new IllegalStateException("Actual serialized sheet size (" + serializedSize
                        + ") differs from pre-calculated size (" + src.getTotalSize()
                        + ") for sheet (" + k + ")");
                // TODO - add similar sanity check to ensure that Sheet.serializeIndexRecord() does not write mis-aligned offsets either
            }
            pos += serializedSize;
        }
        return retval;
    }

    /** @deprecated Do not call this method from your applications. Use the methods
     *  available in the HSSFRow to add string HSSFCells
     */
    @Deprecated
	public int addSSTString(String string)
    {
        return workbook.addSSTString(new UnicodeString(string));
    }

    /** @deprecated Do not call this method from your applications. Use the methods
     *  available in the HSSFRow to get string HSSFCells
     */
    @Deprecated
	public String getSSTString(int index)
    {
        return workbook.getSSTString(index).getString();
    }

    InternalWorkbook getWorkbook() {
        return workbook;
    }

    public int getNumberOfNames(){
        int result = names.size();
        return result;
    }

    public HSSFName getName(String name) {
        int nameIndex = getNameIndex(name);
        if (nameIndex < 0) {
            return null;
        }
        return names.get(nameIndex);
    }

    public HSSFName getNameAt(int nameIndex) {
        int nNames = names.size();
        if (nNames < 1) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("There are no defined names in this workbook");
        }
        if (nameIndex < 0 || nameIndex > nNames) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Specified name index " + nameIndex
                    + " is outside the allowable range (0.." + (nNames-1) + ").");
        }
        return names.get(nameIndex);
    }

    public NameRecord getNameRecord(int nameIndex) {
        return getWorkbook().getNameRecord(nameIndex);
    }

    /** gets the named range name
     * @param index the named range index (0 based)
     * @return named range name
     */
    public String getNameName(int index){
        String result = getNameAt(index).getNameName();

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the printarea for the sheet provided
     * <p>
     * i.e. Reference = $A$1:$B$2
     * @param sheetIndex Zero-based sheet index (0 Represents the first sheet to keep consistent with java)
     * @param reference Valid name Reference for the Print Area
     */
    public void setPrintArea(int sheetIndex, String reference)
    {
        NameRecord name = workbook.getSpecificBuiltinRecord(NameRecord.BUILTIN_PRINT_AREA, sheetIndex+1);


        if (name == null) {
            name = workbook.createBuiltInName(NameRecord.BUILTIN_PRINT_AREA, sheetIndex+1);
            // adding one here because 0 indicates a global named region; doesn't make sense for print areas
        }
        String[] parts = COMMA_PATTERN.split(reference);
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(32);
        for (int i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
            if(i>0) {
                sb.append(",");
            }
            SheetNameFormatter.appendFormat(sb, getSheetName(sheetIndex));
            sb.append("!");
            sb.append(parts[i]);
        }
        name.setNameDefinition(HSSFFormulaParser.parse(sb.toString(), this, FormulaType.NAMEDRANGE, sheetIndex));
    }

    /**
     * For the Convenience of Java Programmers maintaining pointers.
     * @see #setPrintArea(int, String)
     * @param sheetIndex Zero-based sheet index (0 = First Sheet)
     * @param startColumn Column to begin printarea
     * @param endColumn Column to end the printarea
     * @param startRow Row to begin the printarea
     * @param endRow Row to end the printarea
     */
    public void setPrintArea(int sheetIndex, int startColumn, int endColumn,
                              int startRow, int endRow) {

        //using absolute references because they don't get copied and pasted anyway
        CellReference cell = new CellReference(startRow, startColumn, true, true);
        String reference = cell.formatAsString();

        cell = new CellReference(endRow, endColumn, true, true);
        reference = reference+":"+cell.formatAsString();

        setPrintArea(sheetIndex, reference);
    }


    /**
     * Retrieves the reference for the printarea of the specified sheet, the sheet name is appended to the reference even if it was not specified.
     * @param sheetIndex Zero-based sheet index (0 Represents the first sheet to keep consistent with java)
     * @return String Null if no print area has been defined
     */
    public String getPrintArea(int sheetIndex) {
        NameRecord name = workbook.getSpecificBuiltinRecord(NameRecord.BUILTIN_PRINT_AREA, sheetIndex+1);
        //adding one here because 0 indicates a global named region; doesn't make sense for print areas
        if (name == null) {
            return null;
        }

        return HSSFFormulaParser.toFormulaString(this, name.getNameDefinition());
    }

    /**
     * Delete the printarea for the sheet specified
     * @param sheetIndex Zero-based sheet index (0 = First Sheet)
     */
    public void removePrintArea(int sheetIndex) {
        getWorkbook().removeBuiltinRecord(NameRecord.BUILTIN_PRINT_AREA, sheetIndex+1);
    }

    /** creates a new named range and add it to the model
     * @return named range high level
     */
    public HSSFName createName(){
        NameRecord nameRecord = workbook.createName();

        HSSFName newName = new HSSFName(this, nameRecord);

        names.add(newName);

        return newName;
    }

    public int getNameIndex(String name) {

        for (int k = 0; k < names.size(); k++) {
            String nameName = getNameName(k);

            if (nameName.equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
                return k;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }


    /**
     * As {@link #getNameIndex(String)} is not necessarily unique
     * (name + sheet index is unique), this method is more accurate.
     *
     * @param name the name whose index in the list of names of this workbook
     *        should be looked up.
     * @return an index value >= 0 if the name was found; -1, if the name was
     *         not found
     */
    int getNameIndex(HSSFName name) {
      for (int k = 0; k < names.size(); k++) {
        if (name == names.get(k)) {
            return k;
        }
      }
      return -1;
    }


    public void removeName(int index){
        names.remove(index);
        workbook.removeName(index);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the instance of HSSFDataFormat for this workbook.
     * @return the HSSFDataFormat object
     * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.record.FormatRecord
     * @see org.apache.poi.hssf.record.Record
     */
    public HSSFDataFormat createDataFormat() {
    if (formatter == null)
        formatter = new HSSFDataFormat(workbook);
    return formatter;
    }


    public void removeName(String name) {
        int index = getNameIndex(name);
        removeName(index);
    }


    /**
     * As {@link #removeName(String)} is not necessarily unique
     * (name + sheet index is unique), this method is more accurate.
     *
     * @param name the name to remove.
     */
    void removeName(HSSFName name) {
      int index = getNameIndex(name);
      removeName(index);
    }

    public HSSFPalette getCustomPalette()
    {
        return new HSSFPalette(workbook.getCustomPalette());
    }

    /** Test only. Do not use */
    public void insertChartRecord()
    {
        int loc = workbook.findFirstRecordLocBySid(SSTRecord.sid);
        byte[] data = {
           (byte)0x0F, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0xF0, (byte)0x52,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x06, (byte)0xF0, (byte)0x18, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x01, (byte)0x08, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x02, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x02,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x01, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x01, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x03, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x33, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x0B, (byte)0xF0, (byte)0x12,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0xBF, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x08, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x08, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x81,
           (byte)0x01, (byte)0x09, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x08,
           (byte)0xC0, (byte)0x01, (byte)0x40, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x08, (byte)0x40, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x1E, (byte)0xF1,
           (byte)0x10, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x0D,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x08, (byte)0x0C, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x00, (byte)0x08, (byte)0x17, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00,
           (byte)0x08, (byte)0xF7, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x10,
        };
        UnknownRecord r = new UnknownRecord((short)0x00EB, data);
        workbook.getRecords().add(loc, r);
    }

    /**
     * Spits out a list of all the drawing records in the workbook.
     */
    public void dumpDrawingGroupRecords(boolean fat)
    {
        DrawingGroupRecord r = (DrawingGroupRecord) workbook.findFirstRecordBySid( DrawingGroupRecord.sid );
        r.decode();
        List<EscherRecord> escherRecords = r.getEscherRecords();
        PrintWriter w = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        for ( Iterator<EscherRecord> iterator = escherRecords.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); )
        {
            EscherRecord escherRecord = iterator.next();
            if (fat)
                System.out.println(escherRecord.toString());
            else
                escherRecord.display(w, 0);
        }
        w.flush();
    }

    void initDrawings(){
        DrawingManager2 mgr = workbook.findDrawingGroup();
        if(mgr != null) {
            for(int i=0; i < getNumberOfSheets(); i++)  {
                getSheetAt(i).getDrawingPatriarch();
            }
        } else {
            workbook.createDrawingGroup();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds a picture to the workbook.
     *
     * @param pictureData       The bytes of the picture
     * @param format            The format of the picture.  One of <code>PICTURE_TYPE_*</code>
     *
     * @return the index to this picture (1 based).
     */
    public int addPicture(byte[] pictureData, int format)
    {
        initDrawings();

        byte[] uid = DigestUtils.md5(pictureData);
        EscherBlipRecord blipRecord;
        int blipSize;
        short escherTag;
        switch (format) {
            case PICTURE_TYPE_WMF:
                // remove first 22 bytes if file starts with magic bytes D7-CD-C6-9A
                // see also http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile#Hinweise_zur_WMF-Spezifikation
                if (LittleEndian.getInt(pictureData) == 0x9AC6CDD7) {
                    byte picDataNoHeader[] = new byte[pictureData.length-22];
                    System.arraycopy(pictureData, 22, picDataNoHeader, 0, pictureData.length-22);
                    pictureData = picDataNoHeader;
                }
                // fall through
            case PICTURE_TYPE_EMF:
                EscherMetafileBlip blipRecordMeta = new EscherMetafileBlip();
                blipRecord = blipRecordMeta;
                blipRecordMeta.setUID(uid);
                blipRecordMeta.setPictureData(pictureData);
                // taken from libre office export, it won't open, if this is left to 0
                blipRecordMeta.setFilter((byte)-2);
                blipSize = blipRecordMeta.getCompressedSize() + 58;
                escherTag = 0;
                break;
            default:
                EscherBitmapBlip blipRecordBitmap = new EscherBitmapBlip();
                blipRecord = blipRecordBitmap;
                blipRecordBitmap.setUID( uid );
                blipRecordBitmap.setMarker( (byte) 0xFF );
                blipRecordBitmap.setPictureData( pictureData );
                blipSize = pictureData.length + 25;
                escherTag = (short) 0xFF;
    	        break;
        }

        blipRecord.setRecordId((short) (EscherBitmapBlip.RECORD_ID_START + format));
        switch (format)
        {
            case PICTURE_TYPE_EMF:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_EMF);
                break;
            case PICTURE_TYPE_WMF:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_WMF);
                break;
            case PICTURE_TYPE_PICT:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_PICT);
                break;
            case PICTURE_TYPE_PNG:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_PNG);
                break;
            case HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_JPEG);
                break;
            case HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB:
                blipRecord.setOptions(HSSFPictureData.MSOBI_DIB);
                break;
        }
        
        EscherBSERecord r = new EscherBSERecord();
        r.setRecordId( EscherBSERecord.RECORD_ID );
        r.setOptions( (short) ( 0x0002 | ( format << 4 ) ) );
        r.setBlipTypeMacOS( (byte) format );
        r.setBlipTypeWin32( (byte) format );
        r.setUid( uid );
        r.setTag( escherTag );
        r.setSize( blipSize );
        r.setRef( 0 );
        r.setOffset( 0 );
        r.setBlipRecord( blipRecord );
        
        return workbook.addBSERecord( r );
    }

    /**
     * Gets all pictures from the Workbook.
     *
     * @return the list of pictures (a list of {@link HSSFPictureData} objects.)
     */
    public List<HSSFPictureData> getAllPictures()
    {
        // The drawing group record always exists at the top level, so we won't need to do this recursively.
        List<HSSFPictureData> pictures = new ArrayList<HSSFPictureData>();
        Iterator<Record> recordIter = workbook.getRecords().iterator();
        while (recordIter.hasNext())
        {
            Record r = recordIter.next();
            if (r instanceof AbstractEscherHolderRecord)
            {
                ((AbstractEscherHolderRecord) r).decode();
                List<EscherRecord> escherRecords = ((AbstractEscherHolderRecord) r).getEscherRecords();
                searchForPictures(escherRecords, pictures);
            }
        }
        return pictures;
    }

    /**
     * Performs a recursive search for pictures in the given list of escher records.
     *
     * @param escherRecords the escher records.
     * @param pictures the list to populate with the pictures.
     */
    private void searchForPictures(List<EscherRecord> escherRecords, List<HSSFPictureData> pictures)
    {
        for(EscherRecord escherRecord : escherRecords) {

            if (escherRecord instanceof EscherBSERecord)
            {
                EscherBlipRecord blip = ((EscherBSERecord) escherRecord).getBlipRecord();
                if (blip != null)
                {
                    // TODO: Some kind of structure.
                    HSSFPictureData picture = new HSSFPictureData(blip);
					pictures.add(picture);
                }


            }

            // Recursive call.
            searchForPictures(escherRecord.getChildRecords(), pictures);
        }

    }

    protected static Map<String,ClassID> getOleMap() {
    	Map<String,ClassID> olemap = new HashMap<String,ClassID>();
    	olemap.put("PowerPoint Document", ClassID.PPT_SHOW);
    	for (String str : WORKBOOK_DIR_ENTRY_NAMES) {
    		olemap.put(str, ClassID.XLS_WORKBOOK);
    	}
    	// ... to be continued
    	return olemap;
    }
    
    public int addOlePackage(POIFSFileSystem poiData, String label, String fileName, String command)
    throws IOException {
    	DirectoryNode root = poiData.getRoot();
    	Map<String,ClassID> olemap = getOleMap();
    	for (Map.Entry<String,ClassID> entry : olemap.entrySet()) {
    		if (root.hasEntry(entry.getKey())) {
    			root.setStorageClsid(entry.getValue());
    			break;
    		}
    	}
    	
    	ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    	poiData.writeFilesystem(bos);
        return addOlePackage(bos.toByteArray(), label, fileName, command);
    }
    
    public int addOlePackage(byte[] oleData, String label, String fileName, String command)
    throws IOException {
    	// check if we were created by POIFS otherwise create a new dummy POIFS for storing the package data
    	if (directory == null) {
    		directory = new NPOIFSFileSystem().getRoot();
    		preserveNodes = true;
    	}
    	
        // get free MBD-Node
        int storageId = 0;
        DirectoryEntry oleDir = null;
        do {
            String storageStr = "MBD"+ HexDump.toHex(++storageId);
            if (!directory.hasEntry(storageStr)) {
                oleDir = directory.createDirectory(storageStr);
                oleDir.setStorageClsid(ClassID.OLE10_PACKAGE);
            }
        } while (oleDir == null);
    	
        // the following data was taken from an example libre office document
        // beside this "\u0001Ole" record there were several other records, e.g. CompObj,
        // OlePresXXX, but it seems, that they aren't neccessary
        byte oleBytes[] = { 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
        oleDir.createDocument("\u0001Ole", new ByteArrayInputStream(oleBytes));
        
        Ole10Native oleNative = new Ole10Native(label, fileName, command, oleData);
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        oleNative.writeOut(bos);
        oleDir.createDocument(Ole10Native.OLE10_NATIVE, new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray()));
        
    	return storageId;
    }
    
    /**
     * Adds the LinkTable records required to allow formulas referencing
     *  the specified external workbook to be added to this one. Allows
     *  formulas such as "[MyOtherWorkbook]Sheet3!$A$5" to be added to the 
     *  file, for workbooks not already referenced.
     *
     * @param name The name the workbook will be referenced as in formulas
     * @param workbook The open workbook to fetch the link required information from
     */
    public int linkExternalWorkbook(String name, Workbook workbook) {
        return this.workbook.linkExternalWorkbook(name, workbook);
    }
    
    /**
     * Is the workbook protected with a password (not encrypted)?
     */
    public boolean isWriteProtected() {
        return this.workbook.isWriteProtected();
    }

    /**
     * protect a workbook with a password (not encypted, just sets writeprotect
     * flags and the password.
     * @param password to set
     */
    public void writeProtectWorkbook( String password, String username ) {
       this.workbook.writeProtectWorkbook(password, username);
    }

    /**
     * removes the write protect flag
     */
    public void unwriteProtectWorkbook() {
       this.workbook.unwriteProtectWorkbook();
    }

    /**
     * Gets all embedded OLE2 objects from the Workbook.
     *
     * @return the list of embedded objects (a list of {@link HSSFObjectData} objects.)
     */
    public List<HSSFObjectData> getAllEmbeddedObjects()
    {
        List<HSSFObjectData> objects = new ArrayList<HSSFObjectData>();
        for (int i = 0; i < getNumberOfSheets(); i++)
        {
            getAllEmbeddedObjects(getSheetAt(i), objects);
        }
        return objects;
    }

    /**
     * Gets all embedded OLE2 objects from the Workbook.
     *
     * @param sheet embedded object attached to
     * @param objects the list of embedded objects to populate.
     */
    private void getAllEmbeddedObjects(HSSFSheet sheet, List<HSSFObjectData> objects)
    {
        HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.getDrawingPatriarch();
        if (null == patriarch){
            return;
        }
        getAllEmbeddedObjects(patriarch, objects);
    }
    /**
     * Recursively iterates a shape container to get all embedded objects.
     *
     * @param parent the parent.
     * @param objects the list of embedded objects to populate.
     */
    private void getAllEmbeddedObjects(HSSFShapeContainer parent, List<HSSFObjectData> objects)
    {
        for (HSSFShape shape : parent.getChildren()) {
            if (shape instanceof HSSFObjectData) {
                objects.add((HSSFObjectData) shape);
            } else if (shape instanceof HSSFShapeContainer) {
                getAllEmbeddedObjects((HSSFShapeContainer) shape, objects);
            }
        }
    }
    public HSSFCreationHelper getCreationHelper() {
        return new HSSFCreationHelper(this);
    }

    /**
     *
     * Returns the locator of user-defined functions.
     * The default instance extends the built-in functions with the Analysis Tool Pack
     *
     * @return the locator of user-defined functions
     */
    /*package*/ UDFFinder getUDFFinder(){
        return _udfFinder;
    }

    /**
     * Register a new toolpack in this workbook.
     *
     * @param toopack the toolpack to register
     */
    public void addToolPack(UDFFinder toopack){
        AggregatingUDFFinder udfs = (AggregatingUDFFinder)_udfFinder;
        udfs.add(toopack);
    }

    /**
     * Whether the application shall perform a full recalculation when the workbook is opened.
     * <p>
     * Typically you want to force formula recalculation when you modify cell formulas or values
     * of a workbook previously created by Excel. When set to true, this flag will tell Excel
     * that it needs to recalculate all formulas in the workbook the next time the file is opened.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * Note, that recalculation updates cached formula results and, thus, modifies the workbook.
     * Depending on the version, Excel may prompt you with "Do you want to save the changes in <em>filename</em>?"
     * on close.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param value true if the application will perform a full recalculation of
     * workbook values when the workbook is opened
     * @since 3.8
     */
    public void setForceFormulaRecalculation(boolean value){
        InternalWorkbook iwb = getWorkbook();
        RecalcIdRecord recalc = iwb.getRecalcId();
        recalc.setEngineId(0);
    }

    /**
     * Whether Excel will be asked to recalculate all formulas when the  workbook is opened.
     *
     * @since 3.8
     */
    public boolean getForceFormulaRecalculation(){
        InternalWorkbook iwb = getWorkbook();
        RecalcIdRecord recalc = (RecalcIdRecord)iwb.findFirstRecordBySid(RecalcIdRecord.sid);
        return recalc != null && recalc.getEngineId() != 0;
    }

	/**
	 * Changes an external referenced file to another file.
	 * A formula in Excel which references a cell in another file is saved in two parts:
	 * The referenced file is stored in an reference table. the row/cell information is saved separate.
	 * This method invocation will only change the reference in the lookup-table itself.
	 * @param oldUrl The old URL to search for and which is to be replaced
	 * @param newUrl The URL replacement
	 * @return true if the oldUrl was found and replaced with newUrl. Otherwise false
	 */
    public boolean changeExternalReference(String oldUrl, String newUrl) {
    	return workbook.changeExternalReference(oldUrl, newUrl);
    }

    public DirectoryNode getRootDirectory(){
        return directory;
    }
}