rspamd/src/lua/lua_trie.c

/*
 * Copyright 2024 Vsevolod Stakhov
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
#include "lua_common.h"
#include "message.h"
#include "libutil/multipattern.h"

/***
 * @module rspamd_trie
 * Rspamd trie module provides the data structure suitable for searching of many
 * patterns in arbitrary texts (or binary chunks). The algorithmic complexity of
 * this algorithm is at most O(n + m + z), where `n` is the length of text, `m` is a length of pattern and `z` is a number of patterns in the text.
 *
 * Here is a typical example of trie usage:
 * @example
local rspamd_trie = require "rspamd_trie"
local patterns = {'aab', 'ab', 'bcd\0ef'}

local trie = rspamd_trie.create(patterns)

local function trie_callback(number, pos)
	print('Matched pattern number ' .. tostring(number) .. ' at pos: ' .. tostring(pos))
end

trie:match('some big text', trie_callback)
 */

/* Suffix trie */
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, create);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, has_hyperscan);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, match);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, search_mime);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, search_rawmsg);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, search_rawbody);
LUA_FUNCTION_DEF(trie, destroy);

static const struct luaL_reg trielib_m[] = {
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, match),
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, search_mime),
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, search_rawmsg),
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, search_rawbody),
	{"__tostring", rspamd_lua_class_tostring},
	{"__gc", lua_trie_destroy},
	{NULL, NULL}};
static const struct luaL_reg trielib_f[] = {
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, create),
	LUA_INTERFACE_DEF(trie, has_hyperscan),
	{NULL, NULL}};

static struct rspamd_multipattern *
lua_check_trie(lua_State *L, int idx)
{
	void *ud = rspamd_lua_check_udata(L, 1, rspamd_trie_classname);

	luaL_argcheck(L, ud != NULL, 1, "'trie' expected");
	return ud ? *((struct rspamd_multipattern **) ud) : NULL;
}

static int
lua_trie_destroy(lua_State *L)
{
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie = lua_check_trie(L, 1);

	if (trie) {
		rspamd_multipattern_destroy(trie);
	}

	return 0;
}

/***
 * function trie.has_hyperscan()
 * Checks for hyperscan support
 *
 * @return {bool} true if hyperscan is supported
 */
static int
lua_trie_has_hyperscan(lua_State *L)
{
	lua_pushboolean(L, rspamd_multipattern_has_hyperscan());
	return 1;
}

/***
 * function trie.create(patterns, [flags])
 * Creates new trie data structure
 * @param {table} array of string patterns
 * @return {trie} new trie object
 */
static int
lua_trie_create(lua_State *L)
{
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie, **ptrie;
	int npat = 0, flags = RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_ICASE | RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_GLOB;
	GError *err = NULL;

	if (lua_isnumber(L, 2)) {
		flags = lua_tointeger(L, 2);
	}

	if (!lua_istable(L, 1)) {
		return luaL_error(L, "lua trie expects array of patterns for now");
	}
	else {
		lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
		lua_pushnil(L);

		while (lua_next(L, -2) != 0) {
			if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) {
				npat++;
			}

			lua_pop(L, 1);
		}

		trie = rspamd_multipattern_create_sized(npat, flags);
		lua_pushnil(L);

		while (lua_next(L, -2) != 0) {
			if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) {
				const char *pat;
				gsize patlen;

				pat = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &patlen);
				rspamd_multipattern_add_pattern_len(trie, pat, patlen, flags);
			}

			lua_pop(L, 1);
		}

		lua_pop(L, 1); /* table */

		if (!rspamd_multipattern_compile(trie, 0, &err)) {
			msg_err("cannot compile multipattern: %e", err);
			g_error_free(err);
			rspamd_multipattern_destroy(trie);
			lua_pushnil(L);
		}
		else {
			ptrie = lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(void *));
			rspamd_lua_setclass(L, rspamd_trie_classname, -1);
			*ptrie = trie;
		}
	}

	return 1;
}

#define PUSH_TRIE_MATCH(L, start, end, report_start) \
	do {                                             \
		if (report_start) {                          \
			lua_createtable(L, 2, 0);                \
			lua_pushinteger(L, (start));             \
			lua_rawseti(L, -2, 1);                   \
			lua_pushinteger(L, (end));               \
			lua_rawseti(L, -2, 2);                   \
		}                                            \
		else {                                       \
			lua_pushinteger(L, (end));               \
		}                                            \
	} while (0)

/* Normal callback type */
static int
lua_trie_lua_cb_callback(struct rspamd_multipattern *mp,
						 unsigned int strnum,
						 int match_start,
						 int textpos,
						 const char *text,
						 gsize len,
						 void *context)
{
	lua_State *L = context;
	int ret;

	gboolean report_start = lua_toboolean(L, -1);

	/* Function */
	lua_pushvalue(L, 3);
	lua_pushinteger(L, strnum + 1);

	PUSH_TRIE_MATCH(L, match_start, textpos, report_start);

	if (lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0) != 0) {
		msg_info("call to trie callback has failed: %s",
				 lua_tostring(L, -1));
		lua_pop(L, 1);

		return 1;
	}

	ret = lua_tonumber(L, -1);
	lua_pop(L, 1);

	return ret;
}

/* Table like callback, expect result table on top of the stack */
static int
lua_trie_table_callback(struct rspamd_multipattern *mp,
						unsigned int strnum,
						int match_start,
						int textpos,
						const char *text,
						gsize len,
						void *context)
{
	lua_State *L = context;

	int report_start = lua_toboolean(L, -2);
	/* Set table, indexed by pattern number */
	lua_rawgeti(L, -1, strnum + 1);

	if (lua_istable(L, -1)) {
		/* Already have table, add offset */
		gsize last = rspamd_lua_table_size(L, -1);
		PUSH_TRIE_MATCH(L, match_start, textpos, report_start);
		lua_rawseti(L, -2, last + 1);
		/* Remove table from the stack */
		lua_pop(L, 1);
	}
	else {
		/* Pop none */
		lua_pop(L, 1);
		/* New table */
		lua_newtable(L);
		PUSH_TRIE_MATCH(L, match_start, textpos, report_start);
		lua_rawseti(L, -2, 1);
		lua_rawseti(L, -2, strnum + 1);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * We assume that callback argument is at pos 3 and icase is in position 4
 */
static int
lua_trie_search_str(lua_State *L, struct rspamd_multipattern *trie,
					const char *str, gsize len, rspamd_multipattern_cb_t cb)
{
	int ret;
	unsigned int nfound = 0;

	if ((ret = rspamd_multipattern_lookup(trie, str, len,
										  cb, L, &nfound)) == 0) {
		return nfound;
	}

	return ret;
}

/***
 * @method trie:match(input, [cb][, report_start])
 * Search for patterns in `input` invoking `cb` optionally ignoring case
 * @param {table or string} input one or several (if `input` is an array) strings of input text
 * @param {function} cb callback called on each pattern match in form `function (idx, pos)` where `idx` is a numeric index of pattern (starting from 1) and `pos` is a numeric offset where the pattern ends
 * @param {boolean} report_start report both start and end offset when matching patterns
 * @return {boolean} `true` if any pattern has been found (`cb` might be called multiple times however). If `cb` is not defined then it returns a table of match positions indexed by pattern number
 */
static int
lua_trie_match(lua_State *L)
{
	LUA_TRACE_POINT;
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie = lua_check_trie(L, 1);
	const char *text;
	gsize len;
	gboolean found = FALSE, report_start = FALSE;
	struct rspamd_lua_text *t;
	rspamd_multipattern_cb_t cb = lua_trie_lua_cb_callback;

	int old_top = lua_gettop(L);

	if (trie) {
		if (lua_type(L, 3) != LUA_TFUNCTION) {
			if (lua_isboolean(L, 3)) {
				report_start = lua_toboolean(L, 3);
			}

			lua_pushboolean(L, report_start);
			/* Table like match */
			lua_newtable(L);
			cb = lua_trie_table_callback;
		}
		else {
			if (lua_isboolean(L, 4)) {
				report_start = lua_toboolean(L, 4);
			}
			lua_pushboolean(L, report_start);
		}

		if (lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TTABLE) {
			lua_pushvalue(L, 2);
			lua_pushnil(L);

			while (lua_next(L, -2) != 0) {
				if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) {
					text = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &len);

					if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, text, len, cb)) {
						found = TRUE;
					}
				}
				else if (lua_isuserdata(L, -1)) {
					t = lua_check_text(L, -1);

					if (t) {
						if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, t->start, t->len, cb)) {
							found = TRUE;
						}
					}
				}
				lua_pop(L, 1);
			}
		}
		else if (lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TSTRING) {
			text = lua_tolstring(L, 2, &len);

			if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, text, len, cb)) {
				found = TRUE;
			}
		}
		else if (lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TUSERDATA) {
			t = lua_check_text(L, 2);

			if (t && lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, t->start, t->len, cb)) {
				found = TRUE;
			}
		}
	}

	if (lua_type(L, 3) == LUA_TFUNCTION) {
		lua_settop(L, old_top);
		lua_pushboolean(L, found);
	}
	else {
		lua_remove(L, -2);
	}

	return 1;
}

/***
 * @method trie:search_mime(task, cb)
 * This is a helper mehthod to search pattern within text parts of a message in rspamd task
 * @param {task} task object
 * @param {function} cb callback called on each pattern match @see trie:match
 * @param {boolean} caseless if `true` then match ignores symbols case (ASCII only)
 * @return {boolean} `true` if any pattern has been found (`cb` might be called multiple times however)
 */
static int
lua_trie_search_mime(lua_State *L)
{
	LUA_TRACE_POINT;
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie = lua_check_trie(L, 1);
	struct rspamd_task *task = lua_check_task(L, 2);
	struct rspamd_mime_text_part *part;
	const char *text;
	gsize len, i;
	gboolean found = FALSE;
	rspamd_multipattern_cb_t cb = lua_trie_lua_cb_callback;

	if (trie && task) {
		PTR_ARRAY_FOREACH(MESSAGE_FIELD(task, text_parts), i, part)
		{
			if (!IS_TEXT_PART_EMPTY(part) && part->utf_content.len > 0) {
				text = part->utf_content.begin;
				len = part->utf_content.len;

				if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, text, len, cb) != 0) {
					found = TRUE;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	lua_pushboolean(L, found);
	return 1;
}

/***
 * @method trie:search_rawmsg(task, cb[, caseless])
 * This is a helper mehthod to search pattern within the whole undecoded content of rspamd task
 * @param {task} task object
 * @param {function} cb callback called on each pattern match @see trie:match
 * @param {boolean} caseless if `true` then match ignores symbols case (ASCII only)
 * @return {boolean} `true` if any pattern has been found (`cb` might be called multiple times however)
 */
static int
lua_trie_search_rawmsg(lua_State *L)
{
	LUA_TRACE_POINT;
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie = lua_check_trie(L, 1);
	struct rspamd_task *task = lua_check_task(L, 2);
	const char *text;
	gsize len;
	gboolean found = FALSE;

	if (trie && task) {
		text = task->msg.begin;
		len = task->msg.len;

		if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, text, len, lua_trie_lua_cb_callback) != 0) {
			found = TRUE;
		}
	}

	lua_pushboolean(L, found);
	return 1;
}

/***
 * @method trie:search_rawbody(task, cb[, caseless])
 * This is a helper mehthod to search pattern within the whole undecoded content of task's body (not including headers)
 * @param {task} task object
 * @param {function} cb callback called on each pattern match @see trie:match
 * @param {boolean} caseless if `true` then match ignores symbols case (ASCII only)
 * @return {boolean} `true` if any pattern has been found (`cb` might be called multiple times however)
 */
static int
lua_trie_search_rawbody(lua_State *L)
{
	LUA_TRACE_POINT;
	struct rspamd_multipattern *trie = lua_check_trie(L, 1);
	struct rspamd_task *task = lua_check_task(L, 2);
	const char *text;
	gsize len;
	gboolean found = FALSE;

	if (trie && task) {
		if (MESSAGE_FIELD(task, raw_headers_content).len > 0) {
			text = task->msg.begin + MESSAGE_FIELD(task, raw_headers_content).len;
			len = task->msg.len - MESSAGE_FIELD(task, raw_headers_content).len;
		}
		else {
			/* Treat as raw message */
			text = task->msg.begin;
			len = task->msg.len;
		}

		if (lua_trie_search_str(L, trie, text, len, lua_trie_lua_cb_callback) != 0) {
			found = TRUE;
		}
	}

	lua_pushboolean(L, found);
	return 1;
}

static int
lua_load_trie(lua_State *L)
{
	lua_newtable(L);

	/* Flags */
	lua_pushstring(L, "flags");
	lua_newtable(L);

	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_GLOB);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "glob");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_RE);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "re");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_ICASE);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "icase");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_UTF8);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "utf8");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_TLD);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "tld");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_DOTALL);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "dot_all");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_SINGLEMATCH);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "single_match");
	lua_pushinteger(L, RSPAMD_MULTIPATTERN_NO_START);
	lua_setfield(L, -2, "no_start");
	lua_settable(L, -3);

	/* Main content */
	luaL_register(L, NULL, trielib_f);

	return 1;
}

void luaopen_trie(lua_State *L)
{
	rspamd_lua_new_class(L, rspamd_trie_classname, trielib_m);
	lua_pop(L, 1);
	rspamd_lua_add_preload(L, "rspamd_trie", lua_load_trie);
}