tigervnc/BUILDING.txt

*******************************************************************************
**     Building TigerVNC
*******************************************************************************


================================
Build Requirements (All Systems)
================================

-- CMake (http://www.cmake.org) v2.8 or later

-- FLTK 1.3.2
   * Must be a patched snapshot to get full functionality
   * See "Building FLTK" below.

-- If building TLS support:
   * GnuTLS and its dependencies (libgcrypt, libtasn1, libgpg-error)

-- If building native language support (NLS):
   * Gnu gettext 0.14.4 or later
   * See "Building Native Language Support" below.

-- libjpeg-turbo SDK
   * If your system does not include libjpeg-turbo, then you can download the
     SDK from http://sourceforge.net/projects/libjpeg-turbo/files/
   * See "Building High-Performance JPEG Support" below.


=========================
Build Requirements (Unix)
=========================

-- Non-Mac platforms:
   * X11 development kit

-- If building Xvnc:
   * autoconf 2.57 or later
   * automake 1.7 or later
   * libtool 1.4 or later
   * OpenSSL v0.9.7 or later
   * Python v2.3 or later
   * zlib v1.2 or later

   * pkgconfig 0.20 or later
     If you are using an older RPM-based system which does not meet this
     minimum requirement (such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4), then you can
     build pkgconfig 0.20 from the Fedora 5 source RPM:
     http://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/core/5/source/SRPMS/pkgconfig-0.20-2.2.1.src.rpm

   * gettext 0.14.4 or later
     If you are using an older RPM-based system which does not meet this
     minimum requirement (such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4), then you can
     build gettext 0.14.5 from the Fedora 5 source RPM:
     http://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/core/5/source/SRPMS/gettext-0.14.5-3.src.rpm
     NOTE: gcj and libgcj are required when building the above source RPM.


============================
Build Requirements (Windows)
============================

-- MinGW or MinGW-w64

-- Inno Setup (needed to build the TigerVNC installer)
   Inno Setup can be downloaded from http://www.jrsoftware.org/isinfo.php.
   You also need the Inno Setup Preprocessor, which is available in the
   Inno Setup QuickStart Pack.

   Add the directory containing iscc.exe (for instance, 
   C:\Program Files\Inno Setup 5) to the system or user PATH environment
   variable prior to building TigerVNC.


=========================
Build Requirements (Java)
=========================

-- Sun/Oracle JDK v5 or later or OpenJDK

-- See "Building Java Support" below.


=============
Building FLTK
=============

TigerVNC requires FLTK 1.3.0 (or later). Although it will build and work
with plain 1.3.0, to get full functionality and the best behaviour you
need to build a patched version:

1. Check out FLTK 1.3.2 using Subversion:
$ svn co http://svn.easysw.com/public/fltk/fltk/tags/release-1.3.2 fltk-1.3.2

2. For full functionality, apply patches. Here's a shell script to do
that:

#!/bin/bash
set -e
apply_patch()
{
    rm -f $2
    wget http://www.fltk.org/strfiles/$1/$2
    patch -p1 < $2
}

# Export dead key information from FLTK to the apps
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2599
apply_patch 2599 fltk-1_v4.3.x-keyboard-x11.patch
apply_patch 2599 fltk-1_v4.3.x-keyboard-win32.patch
apply_patch 2599 fltk-1_v6.3.x-keyboard-osx.patch

# Notify applications of changes to the clipboard
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2636
apply_patch 2636 fltk-1.3.x-clipboard.patch
apply_patch 2636 fltk-1_v5.3.x-clipboard-x11.patch
apply_patch 2636 fltk-1_v3.3.x-clipboard-win32-fix.patch
apply_patch 2636 fltk-1_v2.3.x-clipboard-win32.patch
apply_patch 2636 fltk-1_v2.3.x-clipboard-osx.patch

# Ability to convert a Fl_Pixmap to a Fl_RGB_Image
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2659
apply_patch 2659 pixmap_v2.patch

# Support for custom cursors
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2660
apply_patch 2660 fltk-1_v5.3.x-cursor.patch

# Improve modality interaction with WM
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2802
apply_patch 2802 fltk-1_v2.3.0-modal.patch

# Window icons
# http://www.fltk.org/str.php?L2816
apply_patch 2816 fltk-1_v3.3.0-icons.patch

# Multihead
# http://fltk.org/str.php?L2860
apply_patch 2860 fltk-1.3.x-screen_num.patch
apply_patch 2860 fltk-1_v3.3.x-multihead.patch

3. Use CMake to build FLTK using the same procedures described below for
   building TigerVNC.  The recipes in the "Build Recipes" section also apply.
   If you want optimized code, make sure to build with
   -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release. 

4. (optional) Use 'make install' to install FLTK into a directory of your
   choosing.

5. When building TigerVNC, set the FLTK_FLUID_EXECUTABLE CMake variable to the
   location of the fluid executable that was built in Step 3 or installed in
   Step 4.  This gives CMake a hint as to where to find the FLTK library.

6. If you did not install FLTK, then set the FLTK_INCLUDE_DIR CMake variable to
   the location of the FLTK source directory.


==================
Out-of-Tree Builds
==================

Binary objects, libraries, and executables are generated in the same directory
from which cmake was executed (the "binary directory"), and this directory need
not necessarily be the same as the TigerVNC source directory.  You can create
multiple independent binary directories, in which different versions of
TigerVNC can be built from the same source tree using different compilers or
settings.  In the sections below, {build_directory} refers to the binary
directory, whereas {source_directory} refers to the TigerVNC source directory.
For in-tree builds, these directories are the same.


=================
Building TigerVNC
=================


Building the TigerVNC Viewer on Unix/Mac Systems
------------------------------------------------

The following procedure will build the TigerVNC Viewer on Linux and Unix
systems.  On 64-bit systems, this will build a 64-bit version of TigerVNC.  See
"Build Recipes" for specific build instructions for building a 32-bit version
of TigerVNC on 64-bit systems.

  cd {build_directory}
  cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" [additional CMake flags] {source_directory}
  make


Building the TigerVNC Server on Modern Unix/Linux Systems
---------------------------------------------------------

Building the TigerVNC Server (Xvnc) is a bit trickier.  On newer systems
containing Xorg 7.4 or later (such as Fedora), Xvnc is typically built to use
the X11 shared libraries provided with the system.  The procedure for this is
system-specific, since it requires specifying such things as font directories,
but the general outline is as follows (this procedure assumes that the viewer
has already been built, per above.)

  > cd {build_directory}

    If performing an out-of-tree build:
  > mkdir unix
  > cp -R {source_directory}/unix/xserver unix/

  > cp -R {xorg_source}/* unix/xserver/
    (NOTE: {xorg_source} is the directory containing the Xorg source for the
    machine on which you are building TigerVNC.  The most recent versions of
    Red Hat/CentOS/Fedora, for instance, provide an RPM called
    "xorg-x11-server-source", which installs the Xorg source under
    /usr/share/xorg-x11-server-source.)

  > cd unix/xserver/
  > patch -p1 < {source_directory}/unix/xserver{version}.patch
    (where {version} matches the X server version you are building, such as
    "17" for version 1.7.x.)
  > autoreconf -fiv

  > ./configure --with-pic --without-dtrace --disable-static --disable-dri \
      --disable-xinerama --disable-xvfb --disable-xnest --disable-xorg \
      --disable-dmx --disable-xwin --disable-xephyr --disable-kdrive \
      --disable-config-dbus --disable-config-hal --disable-config-udev \
      --disable-dri2 --enable-install-libxf86config --enable-glx \
      --with-default-font-path="catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpath.d,built-ins" \
      --with-fontdir=/usr/share/X11/fonts \
      --with-xkb-path=/usr/share/X11/xkb \
      --with-xkb-output=/var/lib/xkb \
      --with-xkb-bin-directory=/usr/bin \
      --with-serverconfig-path=/usr/lib[64]/xorg \
      --with-dri-driver-path=/usr/lib[64]/dri \
      {additional configure options}
    (NOTE: This is merely an example that works with Red Hat Enterprise/CentOS
    6 and recent Fedora releases.  You should customize it for your particular
    system.  In particular, it will be necessary to customize the font, XKB,
    and DRI directories.)

  > make TIGERVNC_SRCDIR={source_directory}


Building the TigerVNC Server on Legacy Unix/Linux Systems
---------------------------------------------------------

Those using systems with older versions of Xorg must build a "legacy-friendly"
version of the TigerVNC Server.  This is accomplished by downloading and
building the more recent Xorg modules in a local directory and then building
Xvnc such that it links against the local build of these libraries, not the X11
libraries installed on the system.  The "build-xorg" script in the TigerVNC
source distribution (located under unix/) automates this process.

The following procedure will build both the TigerVNC Viewer and a
"legacy-friendly" version of the TigerVNC Server:

  cd {build_directory}
  sh {source_directory}/unix/build-xorg init
  sh {source_directory}/unix/build-xorg build [additional CMake flags]

build-xorg generates a version of Xvnc that has no external dependencies on the
X11 shared libraries or any other distribution-specific shared libraries.  This
version of Xvnc should be transportable across multiple O/S distributions.
build-xorg should work on Red Hat Enterprise 4, its contemporaries, and later
systems.  It probably will not work on older systems.  It has not been tested
on non-Linux systems (yet).

build-xorg can also be used to rebuild just the TigerVNC Server and Viewer,
once the X11 modules and other dependencies have been built for the first time.
This is convenient for testing changes that just apply to the TigerVNC source
code.  To accomplish this, run:

  sh {source_directory}/unix/build-xorg rebuild [additional make flags]

For instance,

  sh {source_directory}/unix/build-xorg rebuild clean

will clean both the Xvnc and vncviewer builds without destroying any of the
build configuration or module dependencies.


Building the Windows TigerVNC Viewer with MinGW
-----------------------------------------------

If building the Windows version of TigerVNC on a Windows build system, use
the following procedure.

  cd {build_directory}
  cmake -G "MSYS Makefiles" [additional CMake flags] {source_directory}
  make

If cross-compiling on a Unix/Linux system, then see the "Build Recipes" section
below.


Debug Build
-----------

Add "-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug" to the CMake command line.


Self-Contained GCC Build
------------------------

If TigerVNC is built using GCC (including MinGW), then it may depend on the
libgcc or libstdc++ dynamic libraries.  To eliminate this dependency, add

  -DBUILD_STATIC=1

to the CMake command line.


======================================
Building High-Performance JPEG Support
======================================

In order to achieve its high levels of performance, TigerVNC relies on
libjpeg-turbo (http://www.libjpeg-turbo.org), a derivative of libjpeg which
uses SIMD instructions to accelerate baseline JPEG compression and
decompression.  If you are building TigerVNC on an operating system that
includes libjpeg-turbo as a system library (for instance, Fedora 14 and later),
then the TigerVNC build system should detect the system version of
libjpeg-turbo automatically and link against it.  However, this produces a
version of TigerVNC that depends on the libjpeg-turbo dynamic libraries, and
thus the TigerVNC binaries are not portable.

To build a fully portable, cross-compatible version of TigerVNC with
high-performance JPEG support, it is necessary to link against the
libjpeg-turbo static library.  This is also necessary when building the
Windows or OS X versions of TigerVNC.  To link against the libjpeg-turbo static
library, first install the libjpeg-turbo SDK, which is available from
https://sourceforge.net/projects/libjpeg-turbo/files/.  Next, use the
JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR and JPEG_LIBRARY CMake variables to specify the location of
libjpeg-turbo.  For example, adding

  -DJPEG_INCLUDE_DIR=/opt/libjpeg-turbo/include \
    -DJPEG_LIBRARY=/opt/libjpeg-turbo/lib/libjpeg.a

to the CMake command line will link TigerVNC against a static version of
libjpeg-turbo installed under /opt/TigerVNC (which is the normal install
location for the libjpeg-turbo SDK on Unix and Linux platforms.)  Replace "lib"
with "lib32" or "lib64" to use the 32-bit or 64-bit version of the library on
64-bit Linux platforms.

When building on Windows systems, adding

  -DJPEG_INCLUDE_DIR=/c/libjpeg-turbo-gcc[64]/include \
    -DJPEG_LIBRARY=/c/libjpeg-turbo-gcc[64]/lib/libjpeg.a

to the CMake command line will link TigerVNC against the static version of
libjpeg-turbo provided by the libjpeg-turbo SDK for GCC (MinGW.)

CMake will report:

  Performing Test FOUND_LIBJPEG_TURBO - Success

if it successfully finds libjpeg-turbo.


=====================
Building Java Support
=====================

TigerVNC includes a Java version of the TigerVNC Viewer, which can be used on
any platform that has a Java Runtime Environment (JRE) installed.  The Java
viewer works similarly to the native viewer, but with lower performance.

To build the Java TigerVNC Viewer, add

  -DBUILD_JAVA=1

to the CMake or build-xorg command line.  The build system will attempt to find
an installed Java Development Kit (JDK) and determine the appropriate paths for
the Java compiler (javac) and the JAR creation utility (jar).  You can override
these paths by setting the Java_JAVAC_EXECUTABLE and Java_JAR_EXECUTABLE CMake
variables.  You can also override the default flags that are passed to javac
by setting the JAVACFLAGS CMake variable.  The build system will look for
keytool and jarsigner in the same directory as Java_JAR_EXECUTABLE.  These
tools are needed to sign the JAR file, which is necessary to enable certain
functionality (such as clipboard transfers) when the Java viewer is used as an
applet.

If the Java viewer is built along with the Windows TigerVNC Server (WinVNC),
then the build system will embed the Java viewer into WinVNC4.exe so that it
will automatically be served up using WinVNC's built-in HTTP server.
Similarly, if the Java viewer is built along with the Unix TigerVNC Server
(Xvnc), then the build system will include the Java viewer in the server
tarball.


======================================
Building Native Language Support (NLS)
======================================

NLS requires gettext, which is supplied with most Linux distributions and
with MinGW for Windows and which can easily be built from source on OS X and
other Unix variants.

You can override the ICONV_LIBRARIES and LIBINTL_LIBRARY CMake variables to
specify the locations of libiconv and libintl, respectively.  For instance,
adding

  -DLIBINTL_LIBRARY=/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.a

to the CMake command line would link TigerVNC against a static version of
libintl located under /opt/gettext.  Adding

  -DICONV_INCLUDE_DIR=/mingw/include \
    -DICONV_LIBRARIES=/mingw/lib/libiconv.a \
    -DGETTEXT_INCLUDE_DIR=/mingw/include \
    -DLIBINTL_LIBRARY=/mingw/lib/libintl.a

to the CMake command line would link TigerVNC against the static versions of
libiconv and libintl included in the MinGW Developer Toolkit.


===============================================
Building Transport Layer Security (TLS) support
===============================================

VeNCrypt (the TigerVNC security and authentication extensions) can be built
with TLS support, which provides built-in encryption for VNC sessions.  This
requires GnuTLS, which is readily available in many Linux distributions but not
as readily available in binary form on other types of systems.  This section
describes the issues associated with building a version of TigerVNC with TLS
support and how to work around those issues.


Unix/Mac
--------

In general, if you are building on a Unix-ish platform that has the GnuTLS
libraries and include files installed in the standard system locations, then
the TigerVNC build system should detect the system version of GnuTLS
automatically and link against it.  However, this produces a version of
TigerVNC that depends on the GnuTLS dynamic libraries, and thus the TigerVNC
binaries are not portable.

To build a fully portable, cross-compatible version of TigerVNC with TLS
support, it is necessary to link against the GnuTLS static library (as well
as the static libraries of its dependencies.)  If you are lucky enough, then
your O/S distribution may include pre-packaged versions of these static
libraries.  Otherwise, it will be necessary to build GnuTLS, libgcrypt,
libtasn1, and libgpg-error from source.

You can manipulate the GNUTLS_INCLUDE_DIR and GNUTLS_LIBRARY CMake variables to
build TigerVNC against a custom build of GnuTLS that is installed in a
non-system directory.  For instance, adding

  -DGNUTLS_INCLUDE_DIR=/opt/gnutls/include \
    -DGNUTLS_LIBRARY='/opt/gnutls/lib/libgnutls.a;/opt/gnutls/lib/libgcrypt.a;/opt/gnutls/lib/libgpg-error.a;/opt/gnutls/lib/libtasn1.a' \
    -DUSE_INCLUDED_ZLIB=1

to the CMake or 'build-xorg build' command line will cause TigerVNC to be
statically linked against a custom installation of GnuTLS that resides under
/opt/gnutls.  GnuTLS depends on zlib, so specifying -DUSE_INCLUDED_ZLIB=1 will
satisfy that dependency using TigerVNC's in-tree version of zlib, which
prevents TigerVNC from depending on the libz dynamic library.


MinGW
-----

An installer containing the GnuTLS header files, as well as static and dynamic
link libraries for 32-bit MinGW, can be downloaded from the following site:

http://josefsson.org/gnutls4win/

As of this writing, GnuTLS cannot be built cleanly with MinGW64 due to the fact
that portions of the code assume an LP64 data model (Windows uses LLP64.)
Thus, it is not possible at this time to produce a Win64 version of TigerVNC
with TLS support.

Whether you use the above installer or build GnuTLS from source, make sure that
you install the libraries and headers into a pathname that doesn't contain
spaces (the installer will try to install under c:\Program Files unless you
tell it otherwise.)  If the GnuTLS include path contains spaces, then the MinGW
resource compiler will barf when you try to build TigerVNC.

You can manipulate the GNUTLS_INCLUDE_DIR and GNUTLS_LIBRARY CMake variables to
specify the directory under which you installed GnuTLS.  For instance, adding

  -DGNUTLS_INCLUDE_DIR=/c/gnutls/include \
    -DGNUTLS_LIBRARY=/c/gnutls/lib/libgnutls.dll.a

to the CMake command line when using MinGW will cause TigerVNC to be linked
against GnuTLS DLLs that are installed under c:\gnutls.

Adding

  -DGNUTLS_INCLUDE_DIR=/c/gnutls/include \
    -DGNUTLS_LIBRARY='/c/gnutls/lib/libgnutls.a;/c/gnutls/lib/libgcrypt.a;/c/gnutls/lib/libtasn1.a;/c/gnutls/lib/libgpg-error.a'

to the CMake command line will cause TigerVNC to be statically linked against
GnuTLS libraries that are installed under c:\gnutls.


===================
Installing TigerVNC
===================

You can use the build system to install TigerVNC into a directory of your
choosing.  To do this, add:

  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX={install_directory}

to the CMake command line.  Then, you can run 'make install' to build and
install it.

If you don't specify CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX, then the default is
c:\Program Files\TigerVNC on Windows and /usr/local on Unix.


=========================
Creating Release Packages
=========================

The following commands can be used to create various types of release packages:


Unix
----

make tarball

  Create a binary tarball containing the TigerVNC Viewer

make servertarball

  Create a binary tarball containing both the TigerVNC Server and Viewer

make dmg

  Create Macintosh disk image file that contains an application bundle of the
  TigerVNC Viewer

make udmg

  On 64-bit OS X systems, this creates a version of the Macintosh package and
  disk image which contains universal i386/x86-64 binaries.  You should first
  configure a 32-bit out-of-tree build of TigerVNC, then configure a 64-bit
  out-of-tree build, then run 'make udmg' from the 64-bit build directory.  The
  build system will look for the 32-bit build under {source_directory}/osxx86
  by default, but you can override this by setting the OSX_X86_BUILD CMake
  variable to the directory containing your configured 32-bit build.  Either
  the 64-bit or 32-bit build can be configured to be backward compatible by
  using the instructions in the "Build Recipes" section.


Windows
-------

make installer

  Create a Windows installer using Inno Setup.  The installer package
  (TigerVNC[64].exe) will be located under {build_directory}.


=============
Build Recipes
=============


32-bit Build on 64-bit Linux/Unix (including OS X)
--------------------------------------------------

Set the following environment variables before building TigerVNC.

  CFLAGS='-O3 -m32'
  CXXFLAGS='-O3 -m32'
  LDFLAGS=-m32

If you are building the TigerVNC Server on a modern Unix/Linux system, then
you will also need to pass the appropriate --host argument when configuring the
X server source (for instance, --host=i686-pc-linux-gnu).


64-bit Backward-Compatible Build on 64-bit OS X
-----------------------------------------------

Add

  -DCMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.5.sdk \
    -DCMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5 

to the CMake command line.  The OS X 10.5 SDK must be installed.


32-bit Backward-Compatible Build on 64-bit OS X
-----------------------------------------------

Set the following environment variables:

  CC=gcc-4.0
  CXX=g++-4.0
  CFLAGS='-O3 -m32'
  CXXFLAGS='-O3 -m32'
  LDFLAGS=-m32

and add

  -DCMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk \
    -DCMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.4

to the CMake command line.  The OS X 10.4 SDK must be installed.


64-bit MinGW Build on Cygwin
----------------------------

  cd {build_directory}
  CC=/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc CXX=/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ \
    RC=/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-windres \
    cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows \
    -DCMAKE_AR=/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ar \
    -DCMAKE_RANLIB=/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ranlib {source_directory}
  make

This produces a 64-bit build of TigerVNC that does not depend on cygwin1.dll or
other Cygwin DLL's.  The mingw64-x86_64-gcc-core and mingw64-x86_64-gcc-g++
packages (and their dependencies) must be installed.


32-bit MinGW Build on Cygwin
----------------------------

  cd {build_directory}
  CC=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32-gcc CXX=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32-g++ \
    RC=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32-windres \
    cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows \
    -DDCMAKE_AR=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32-ar \
    -DCMAKE_RANLIB=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32-ranlib {source_directory}
  make

This produces a 32-bit build of TigerVNC that does not depend on cygwin1.dll or
other Cygwin DLL's.  The mingw64-i686-gcc-core and mingw64-i686-gcc-g++
packages (and their dependencies) must be installed.


MinGW-w64 Build on Windows
--------------------------

This produces a 64-bit build of TigerVNC using the "native" MinGW-w64 toolchain
(which is faster than the Cygwin version):

  cd {build_directory}
  CC={mingw-w64_binary_path}/x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc \
    CXX={mingw-w64_binary_path}/x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ \
    RC={mingw-w64_binary_path}/x86_64-w64-mingw32-windres \
    cmake -G "MSYS Makefiles" \
    -DCMAKE_AR={mingw-w64_binary_path}/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ar \
    -DCMAKE_RANLIB={mingw-w64_binary_path}/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ranlib \
    {source_directory}
  make


MinGW Build on Linux
--------------------

  cd {build_directory}
  CC={mingw_binary_path}/i386-mingw32-gcc \
    CXX={mingw_binary_path}/i386-mingw32-g++ \
    RC={mingw_binary_path}/i386-mingw32-windres \
    cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows \
    -DCMAKE_AR={mingw_binary_path}/i386-mingw32-ar \
    -DCMAKE_RANLIB={mingw_binary_path}/i386-mingw32-ranlib \
    {source_directory}
  make