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-rw-r--r--contrib/kann/kautodiff.c2396
1 files changed, 2396 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/kann/kautodiff.c b/contrib/kann/kautodiff.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f303a723f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/kann/kautodiff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2396 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <float.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "kautodiff.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+ uint64_t s[2];
+ double n_gset;
+ int n_iset;
+ volatile int lock;
+} kad_rng_t;
+
+/**********************
+ * Graph construction *
+ **********************/
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_new_core(int n_d, int op, int n_child)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (n_d >= KAD_MAX_DIM) return 0;
+ s = (kad_node_t*)calloc(1, sizeof(kad_node_t));
+ s->n_d = n_d, s->op = op, s->n_child = n_child;
+ if (s->n_child) s->child = (kad_node_t**)calloc(s->n_child, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ return s;
+}
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_vleaf(uint8_t flag, float *x, float *g, int n_d, va_list ap)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ if (n_d > KAD_MAX_DIM) return 0;
+ p = (kad_node_t*)calloc(1, sizeof(kad_node_t));
+ p->n_d = n_d;
+ for (i = 0; i < n_d; ++i)
+ p->d[i] = va_arg(ap, int32_t);
+ p->x = x, p->g = g, p->flag = flag;
+ return p;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_const(float *x, int n_d, ...)
+{
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ va_list ap;
+ va_start(ap, n_d); p = kad_vleaf(KAD_CONST, x, 0, n_d, ap); va_end(ap);
+ return p;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_feed(int n_d, ...)
+{
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ va_list ap;
+ va_start(ap, n_d); p = kad_vleaf(0, 0, 0, n_d, ap); va_end(ap);
+ return p;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_var(float *x, float *g, int n_d, ...)
+{
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ va_list ap;
+ va_start(ap, n_d); p = kad_vleaf(KAD_VAR, x, g, n_d, ap); va_end(ap);
+ return p;
+}
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_finalize_node(kad_node_t *s) /* a helper function */
+{
+ int i;
+ if (kad_op_list[s->op](s, KAD_SYNC_DIM) < 0) { /* check dimension */
+ if (s->ptr) free(s->ptr);
+ free(s->child); free(s);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < s->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_back(s->child[i]))
+ break;
+ if (i < s->n_child) s->flag |= KAD_VAR;
+ return s;
+}
+
+/********** Simple arithmetic **********/
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_op2_core(int op, kad_node_t *x, kad_node_t *y)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, op, 2);
+ s->child[0] = x, s->child[1] = y;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_op1_core(int op, kad_node_t *x)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, op, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+#define KAD_FUNC_OP2(fname, op) kad_node_t *fname(kad_node_t *x, kad_node_t *y) { return kad_op2_core((op), x, y); }
+
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_add, 1)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_sub, 23)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_mul, 2)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_cmul, 3)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_matmul, 9)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_ce_multi, 13)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_ce_bin, 22)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_ce_bin_neg, 4)
+KAD_FUNC_OP2(kad_mse, 29)
+
+#define KAD_FUNC_OP1(fname, op) kad_node_t *fname(kad_node_t *x) { return kad_op1_core((op), x); }
+
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_log, 27)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_exp, 33)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_sin, 34)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_square, 5)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_sigm, 6)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_tanh, 7)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_relu, 8)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_1minus, 11)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_softmax, 14)
+KAD_FUNC_OP1(kad_stdnorm, 32)
+
+kad_node_t *kad_ce_multi_weighted(kad_node_t *pred, kad_node_t *truth, kad_node_t *weight)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 13, 3);
+ s->child[0] = pred, s->child[1] = truth, s->child[2] = weight;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+/********** Convolution **********/
+
+/* compute output dimension and padding sizes on both sides */
+static inline int conv_find_par(int in_size, int kernel_size, int stride, int pad0, int *new_pad0, int *new_pad1)
+{
+ int out_size, pad_both;
+ /* key equation: out_size = (in_size - kernel_size + pad_both) / stride + 1 */
+ if (pad0 == KAD_PAD_SAME && stride == 1) out_size = in_size;
+ else out_size = (in_size - kernel_size + (pad0 > 0? pad0 : 0) + stride - 1) / stride + 1;
+ pad_both = (out_size - 1) * stride + kernel_size - in_size;
+ *new_pad0 = pad_both / 2;
+ *new_pad1 = pad_both - *new_pad0;
+ return out_size;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+ int kernel_size, stride, pad[2];
+} conv_conf_t;
+
+static inline conv_conf_t *conv2d_gen_aux(int in_row, int in_col, int kernel_r, int kernel_c, int stride_r, int stride_c, int top_pad, int left_pad)
+{
+ conv_conf_t *cnn;
+ cnn = (conv_conf_t*)calloc(2, sizeof(conv_conf_t));
+ cnn[0].kernel_size = kernel_r, cnn[0].stride = stride_r;
+ cnn[1].kernel_size = kernel_c, cnn[1].stride = stride_c;
+ conv_find_par(in_row, kernel_r, stride_r, top_pad, &cnn[0].pad[0], &cnn[0].pad[1]);
+ conv_find_par(in_col, kernel_c, stride_c, left_pad, &cnn[1].pad[0], &cnn[1].pad[1]);
+ return cnn;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_conv2d(kad_node_t *x, kad_node_t *w, int stride_r, int stride_c, int top_pad, int left_pad)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (x->n_d != 4 || w->n_d != 4) return 0;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 16, 2);
+ s->child[0] = x, s->child[1] = w;
+ s->ptr = conv2d_gen_aux(x->d[2], x->d[3], w->d[2], w->d[3], stride_r, stride_c, top_pad, left_pad);
+ s->ptr_size = sizeof(conv_conf_t) * 2;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_max2d(kad_node_t *x, int kernel_r, int kernel_c, int stride_r, int stride_c, int top_pad, int left_pad)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (x->n_d != 4) return 0;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 17, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ s->ptr = conv2d_gen_aux(x->d[2], x->d[3], kernel_r, kernel_c, stride_r, stride_c, top_pad, left_pad);
+ s->ptr_size = sizeof(conv_conf_t) * 2;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+static inline conv_conf_t *conv1d_gen_aux(int in_col, int kernel_c, int stride_c, int left_pad)
+{
+ conv_conf_t *cnn;
+ cnn = (conv_conf_t*)calloc(1, sizeof(conv_conf_t));
+ cnn->kernel_size = kernel_c, cnn->stride = stride_c;
+ conv_find_par(in_col, kernel_c, stride_c, left_pad, &cnn->pad[0], &cnn->pad[1]);
+ return cnn;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_conv1d(kad_node_t *x, kad_node_t *w, int stride, int left_pad)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (x->n_d != 3 || w->n_d != 3) return 0;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 18, 2);
+ s->child[0] = x, s->child[1] = w;
+ s->ptr = conv1d_gen_aux(x->d[2], w->d[2], stride, left_pad);
+ s->ptr_size = sizeof(conv_conf_t);
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_max1d(kad_node_t *x, int kernel_size, int stride, int left_pad)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (x->n_d != 3) return 0;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 19, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ s->ptr = conv1d_gen_aux(x->d[2], kernel_size, stride, left_pad);
+ s->ptr_size = sizeof(conv_conf_t);
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_avg1d(kad_node_t *x, int kernel_size, int stride, int left_pad)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ if (x->n_d != 3) return 0;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 28, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ s->ptr = conv1d_gen_aux(x->d[2], kernel_size, stride, left_pad);
+ s->ptr_size = sizeof(conv_conf_t);
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+/********** Multi-node pooling **********/
+
+static kad_node_t *kad_pooling_general(int op, int n, kad_node_t **x)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, op, n);
+ s->flag |= KAD_POOL;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ s->child[i] = x[i];
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_avg(int n, kad_node_t **x) { return kad_pooling_general(10, n, x); }
+kad_node_t *kad_max(int n, kad_node_t **x) { return kad_pooling_general(21, n, x); }
+kad_node_t *kad_stack(int n, kad_node_t **x) { return kad_pooling_general(35, n, x); }
+
+kad_node_t *kad_select(int n, kad_node_t **x, int which)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t i, *aux;
+ aux = (int32_t*)calloc(1, 4);
+ *aux = which;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 12, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) s->child[i] = x[i];
+ s->flag |= KAD_POOL, s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+/********** Dimension reduction **********/
+
+static kad_node_t *kad_reduce_general(int op, kad_node_t *x, int axis)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t *aux;
+ aux = (int32_t*)malloc(4);
+ aux[0] = axis;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, op, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_reduce_sum(kad_node_t *x, int axis) { return kad_reduce_general(25, x, axis); }
+kad_node_t *kad_reduce_mean(kad_node_t *x, int axis) { return kad_reduce_general(26, x, axis); }
+
+/********** Sampling related **********/
+
+kad_node_t *kad_dropout(kad_node_t *x, kad_node_t *y)
+{
+ kad_node_t *z;
+ z = kad_op2_core(15, x, y);
+ z->ptr = kad_rng(), z->ptr_size = sizeof(kad_rng_t);
+ return z;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_sample_normal(kad_node_t *x)
+{
+ kad_node_t *z;
+ z = kad_op1_core(24, x);
+ z->ptr = kad_rng(), z->ptr_size = sizeof(kad_rng_t);
+ return z;
+}
+
+/********** Miscellaneous **********/
+
+kad_node_t *kad_slice(kad_node_t *x, int axis, int start, int end)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t *aux;
+ if (end < start || start < 0) return 0;
+ aux = (int32_t*)malloc(3 * 4);
+ aux[0] = axis, aux[1] = start, aux[2] = end;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 20, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x;
+ s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 3 * 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_concat_array(int axis, int n, kad_node_t **p)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t i, *aux;
+ aux = (int32_t*)malloc(4);
+ aux[0] = axis;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 31, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ s->child[i] = p[i];
+ s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_concat(int axis, int n, ...)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_node_t **p, *s;
+ va_list ap;
+ p = (kad_node_t**)malloc(n * sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ va_start(ap, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p[i] = va_arg(ap, kad_node_p);
+ va_end(ap);
+ s = kad_concat_array(axis, n, p);
+ free(p);
+ return s;
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_reshape(kad_node_t *x, int n_d, int *d)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t i, *aux = 0;
+ if (n_d > 0) {
+ aux = (int32_t*)malloc(n_d * 4);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_d; ++i) aux[i] = d? d[i] : -1;
+ }
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 30, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x, s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = n_d * 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_reverse(kad_node_t *x, int axis)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t *aux;
+ aux = (int32_t*)malloc(4);
+ *aux = axis;
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 36, 1);
+ s->child[0] = x, s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+kad_node_t *kad_switch(int n, kad_node_t **p)
+{
+ kad_node_t *s;
+ int32_t i, *aux;
+ aux = (int32_t*)calloc(1, 4);
+ s = kad_new_core(0, 12, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ s->child[i] = p[i];
+ s->ptr = aux, s->ptr_size = 4;
+ return kad_finalize_node(s);
+}
+
+/***********************
+ * Graph linearization *
+ ***********************/
+
+static void kad_mark_back(int n, kad_node_t **v)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (v[i]->n_child == 0) continue;
+ for (j = 0; j < v[i]->n_child; ++j)
+ if (kad_is_back(v[i]->child[j]))
+ break;
+ if (j < v[i]->n_child) v[i]->flag |= KAD_VAR;
+ else v[i]->flag &= ~KAD_VAR;
+ }
+}
+
+static void kad_allocate_internal(int n, kad_node_t **v)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_mark_back(n, v);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *p = v[i];
+ if (p->n_child == 0) continue;
+ p->x = (float*)realloc(p->x, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ if (kad_is_back(p)) {
+ p->g = (float*)realloc(p->g, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ kad_op_list[p->op](p, KAD_ALLOC);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+int kad_sync_dim(int n, kad_node_t **v, int batch_size)
+{
+ int i, req_alloc = 0, req_sync = 0, old_size = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (kad_is_feed(v[i])) {
+ old_size = v[i]->d[0]; /* TODO: check if all feeds have the same batch size */
+ if (batch_size > 0 && v[i]->d[0] != batch_size)
+ v[i]->d[0] = batch_size, req_sync = 1;
+ } else if (v[i]->n_child > 0 && req_sync)
+ kad_op_list[v[i]->op](v[i], KAD_SYNC_DIM);
+ }
+ if (old_size < batch_size) req_alloc = 1;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (v[i]->n_child > 0 && v[i]->x == 0) req_alloc = 1;
+ if (req_alloc) kad_allocate_internal(n, v);
+ return batch_size > 0? batch_size : old_size;
+}
+
+#define kvec_t(type) struct { size_t n, m; type *a; }
+
+#define kv_pop(v) ((v).a[--(v).n])
+
+#define kv_push(type, v, x) do { \
+ if ((v).n == (v).m) { \
+ (v).m = (v).m? (v).m<<1 : 2; \
+ (v).a = (type*)realloc((v).a, sizeof(type) * (v).m); \
+ } \
+ (v).a[(v).n++] = (x); \
+ } while (0)
+
+/* IMPORTANT: kad_node_t::tmp MUST BE set to zero before calling this function */
+kad_node_t **kad_compile_array(int *n_node, int n_roots, kad_node_t **roots)
+{
+ int i;
+ kvec_t(kad_node_p) stack = {0,0,0}, a = {0,0,0};
+
+ /* generate kad_node_t::tmp, the count of the parent nodes; shifted by 1; lowest bit to detect fake roots */
+ for (i = 0; i < n_roots; ++i) {
+ roots[i]->tmp = 1; /* mark the root */
+ kv_push(kad_node_p, stack, roots[i]);
+ }
+ while (stack.n) {
+ kad_node_t *p = kv_pop(stack);
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[i];
+ if (q->tmp == 0) kv_push(kad_node_p, stack, q);
+ q->tmp += 1<<1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* topological sorting (Kahn's algorithm) */
+ for (i = 0; i < n_roots; ++i)
+ if (roots[i]->tmp>>1 == 0) /* if roots[i]->tmp>>1 != 0, it is not a real root */
+ kv_push(kad_node_p, stack, roots[i]);
+ while (stack.n) {
+ kad_node_t *p = kv_pop(stack);
+ kv_push(kad_node_p, a, p);
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i) {
+ p->child[i]->tmp -= 1<<1;
+ if (p->child[i]->tmp>>1 == 0)
+ kv_push(kad_node_p, stack, p->child[i]);
+ }
+ }
+ free(stack.a);
+ for (i = 0; i < (int)a.n; ++i) { /* check cycles; no cycles if constructed with kad_add() etc */
+ assert(a.a[i]->tmp>>1 == 0);
+ a.a[i]->tmp = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* reverse */
+ for (i = 0; i < (int)a.n>>1; ++i) { /* reverse a.a[] */
+ kad_node_p t;
+ t = a.a[i], a.a[i] = a.a[a.n-1-i], a.a[a.n-1-i] = t;
+ }
+ kad_allocate_internal(a.n, a.a);
+
+ *n_node = a.n;
+ return a.a;
+}
+
+kad_node_t **kad_compile(int *n_node, int n_roots, ...)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_node_t **roots, **ret;
+ va_list ap;
+
+ roots = (kad_node_t**)malloc(n_roots * sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ va_start(ap, n_roots);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_roots; ++i) roots[i] = va_arg(ap, kad_node_p);
+ va_end(ap);
+ ret = kad_compile_array(n_node, n_roots, roots);
+ free(roots);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/************************************
+ * Miscellaneous on compiled graphs *
+ ************************************/
+
+void kad_delete(int n, kad_node_t **a)
+{
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *p = a[i];
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ free(p->x); free(p->g);
+ }
+ free(p->child); free(p->ptr); free(p->gtmp); free(p);
+ }
+ free(a);
+}
+
+int kad_size_var(int n, kad_node_t *const* v)
+{
+ int c, i;
+ for (i = c = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_var(v[i]))
+ c += kad_len(v[i]);
+ return c;
+}
+
+int kad_size_const(int n, kad_node_t *const* v)
+{
+ int c, i;
+ for (i = c = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_const(v[i]))
+ c += kad_len(v[i]);
+ return c;
+}
+
+/**********************************
+ * Computate values and gradients *
+ **********************************/
+
+static void kad_propagate_marks(int n, kad_node_t **a)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+ kad_node_t *p = a[i];
+ if (p->tmp > 0) {
+ if (kad_is_switch(p)) {
+ int32_t *aux = (int32_t*)p->ptr;
+ if (p->child[*aux]->tmp == 0)
+ p->child[*aux]->tmp = 1;
+ } else {
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j)
+ if (p->child[j]->tmp == 0)
+ p->child[j]->tmp = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void kad_eval_marked(int n, kad_node_t **a)
+{
+ int i;
+ kad_propagate_marks(n, a);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (a[i]->n_child && a[i]->tmp > 0)
+ kad_op_list[a[i]->op](a[i], KAD_FORWARD);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i]->tmp = 0;
+}
+
+const float *kad_eval_at(int n, kad_node_t **a, int from)
+{
+ int i;
+ if (from < 0 || from >= n) from = n - 1;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i]->tmp = (i == from);
+ kad_eval_marked(n, a);
+ return a[from]->x;
+}
+
+void kad_grad(int n, kad_node_t **a, int from)
+{
+ int i;
+ if (from < 0 || from >= n) from = n - 1;
+ assert(a[from]->n_d == 0);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i]->tmp = (i == from);
+ kad_propagate_marks(n, a);
+ for (i = 0; i <= from; ++i) /* set all grandients to zero */
+ if (a[i]->g && a[i]->tmp > 0)
+ memset(a[i]->g, 0, kad_len(a[i]) * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = from, a[i]->g[0] = 1.0f; i >= 0; --i) /* backprop */
+ if (a[i]->n_child && a[i]->tmp > 0)
+ kad_op_list[a[i]->op](a[i], KAD_BACKWARD);
+ for (i = 0; i <= from; ++i) a[i]->tmp = 0;
+}
+
+/***********************
+ * Load and save graph *
+ ***********************/
+
+static void kad_save1(FILE *fp, const kad_node_t *p)
+{
+ fwrite(&p->ext_label, 4, 1, fp);
+ fwrite(&p->ext_flag, 4, 1, fp);
+ fwrite(&p->flag, 1, 1, fp);
+ fwrite(&p->n_child, 4, 1, fp);
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ int32_t j, pre = p->pre? p->pre->tmp : -1;
+ fwrite(&p->op, 2, 1, fp);
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j)
+ fwrite(&p->child[j]->tmp, 4, 1, fp);
+ fwrite(&pre, 4, 1, fp);
+ fwrite(&p->ptr_size, 4, 1, fp);
+ if (p->ptr_size > 0 && p->ptr)
+ fwrite(p->ptr, p->ptr_size, 1, fp);
+ } else {
+ fwrite(&p->n_d, 1, 1, fp);
+ if (p->n_d) fwrite(p->d, 4, p->n_d, fp);
+ }
+}
+
+static kad_node_t *kad_load1(FILE *fp, kad_node_t **node)
+{
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ p = (kad_node_t*)calloc(1, sizeof(kad_node_t));
+ fread(&p->ext_label, 4, 1, fp);
+ fread(&p->ext_flag, 4, 1, fp);
+ fread(&p->flag, 1, 1, fp);
+ fread(&p->n_child, 4, 1, fp);
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ int32_t j, k;
+ p->child = (kad_node_t**)calloc(p->n_child, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ fread(&p->op, 2, 1, fp);
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j) {
+ fread(&k, 4, 1, fp);
+ p->child[j] = node? node[k] : 0;
+ }
+ fread(&k, 4, 1, fp);
+ if (k >= 0) p->pre = node[k];
+ fread(&p->ptr_size, 4, 1, fp);
+ if (p->ptr_size > 0) {
+ p->ptr = malloc(p->ptr_size);
+ fread(p->ptr, p->ptr_size, 1, fp);
+ }
+ } else {
+ fread(&p->n_d, 1, 1, fp);
+ if (p->n_d) fread(p->d, 4, p->n_d, fp);
+ }
+ return p;
+}
+
+int kad_save(FILE *fp, int n_node, kad_node_t **node)
+{
+ int32_t i, k = n_node;
+ fwrite(&k, 4, 1, fp);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_node; ++i) node[i]->tmp = i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n_node; ++i) kad_save1(fp, node[i]);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_node; ++i) node[i]->tmp = 0;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+kad_node_t **kad_load(FILE *fp, int *_n_node)
+{
+ int32_t i, n_node;
+ kad_node_t **node;
+ fread(&n_node, 4, 1, fp);
+ node = (kad_node_t**)malloc(n_node * sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ for (i = 0; i < n_node; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *p;
+ p = node[i] = kad_load1(fp, node);
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ kad_op_list[p->op](p, KAD_ALLOC);
+ kad_op_list[p->op](p, KAD_SYNC_DIM);
+ }
+ }
+ *_n_node = n_node;
+ kad_mark_back(n_node, node);
+ return node;
+}
+
+/***************
+ * Graph clone *
+ ***************/
+
+static inline kad_node_t *kad_dup1(const kad_node_t *p)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q;
+ q = (kad_node_t*)malloc(sizeof(kad_node_t));
+ memcpy(q, p, sizeof(kad_node_t));
+ q->pre = 0, q->tmp = 0, q->gtmp = 0;
+ if (p->ptr && p->ptr_size > 0) {
+ if (kad_use_rng(p) && !(p->flag & KAD_SHARE_RNG) && p->ptr_size == sizeof(kad_rng_t)) {
+ q->ptr = kad_rng(); /* each time step uses a different RNG */
+ } else {
+ q->ptr = malloc(p->ptr_size);
+ memcpy(q->ptr, p->ptr, p->ptr_size);
+ }
+ }
+ if (q->n_child) {
+ q->x = q->g = 0;
+ q->child = (kad_node_t**)calloc(q->n_child, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ }
+ return q;
+}
+
+kad_node_t **kad_clone(int n, kad_node_t **v, int batch_size)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ kad_node_t **u;
+ u = (kad_node_t**)calloc(n, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) v[i]->tmp = i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *p = v[i], *q;
+ q = u[i] = kad_dup1(p);
+ if (p->pre) q->pre = u[p->pre->tmp];
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j)
+ q->child[j] = u[p->child[j]->tmp];
+ } else if (!kad_is_feed(p)) {
+ q->x = (float*)malloc(kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ memcpy(q->x, p->x, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ q->g = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) v[i]->tmp = 0;
+ kad_sync_dim(n, u, batch_size); /* this will allocate x[] and g[] at internal nodes */
+ return u;
+}
+
+/**************
+ * Unroll RNN *
+ **************/
+
+typedef struct {
+ int32_t n, m;
+ kad_node_t **v;
+} nodes_t;
+
+static inline void push_nodes(nodes_t *w, kad_node_t *p)
+{
+ if (w->n == w->m) {
+ w->m = w->m? w->m<<1 : 16;
+ w->v = (kad_node_t**)realloc(w->v, w->m * sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ }
+ w->v[w->n++] = p;
+}
+
+static void kad_unroll_helper(int n_v, kad_node_t **v, int i_pivot, kad_node_t **t, int len, nodes_t *w)
+{
+ int i, j, l;
+ uint8_t *flag;
+ kad_node_t **aux;
+
+ assert(kad_is_pivot(v[i_pivot]) && t[i_pivot] == 0);
+ t[i_pivot] = kad_dup1(v[i_pivot]);
+ t[i_pivot]->n_child = len;
+ t[i_pivot]->child = (kad_node_t**)realloc(t[i_pivot]->child, len * sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+
+ flag = (uint8_t*)calloc(n_v, 1);
+ for (i = i_pivot, flag[i] = 16; i >= 0; --i) {
+ if (i < i_pivot && kad_is_pivot(v[i])) continue; /* don't trespass other pivots */
+ if (flag[i]&16) /* flag 16: nodes to unroll */
+ for (j = 0; j < v[i]->n_child; ++j)
+ flag[v[i]->child[j]->tmp] = 16;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < i_pivot; ++i) {
+ if (!(flag[i]&16)) continue;
+ if (kad_is_var(v[i]) || kad_is_const(v[i]) || kad_is_pivot(v[i])) flag[i] |= 1; /* external nodes that should not be duplicated */
+ if (v[i]->pre) flag[v[i]->pre->tmp] |= 2;
+ }
+ flag[v[i_pivot]->child[0]->tmp] |= 4;
+ aux = (kad_node_t**)calloc(n_v, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ for (l = 0; l < len; ++l) {
+ for (i = 0; i < i_pivot; ++i) {
+ if (!(flag[i]&16) || ((flag[i]&3) && t[i])) continue;
+ t[i] = kad_dup1(v[i]);
+ if (v[i]->n_child)
+ for (j = 0; j < v[i]->n_child; ++j)
+ t[i]->child[j] = t[v[i]->child[j]->tmp];
+ if (flag[i]&4) t[i_pivot]->child[l] = t[i];
+ if (l == 0 && (flag[i]&2)) aux[i] = t[i];
+ if (v[i]->pre) {
+ t[v[i]->pre->tmp] = t[i];
+ if (l == len - 1) t[i]->pre = aux[v[i]->pre->tmp]; /* this forms a cycle! */
+ }
+ push_nodes(w, t[i]);
+ }
+ }
+ push_nodes(w, t[i_pivot]);
+ free(aux); free(flag);
+}
+
+int kad_n_pivots(int n_v, kad_node_t **v)
+{
+ int i, n_pivots = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < n_v; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_pivot(v[i])) ++n_pivots;
+ return n_pivots;
+}
+
+kad_node_t **kad_unroll(int n_v, kad_node_t **v, int *new_n, int *len)
+{
+ int i, j, n_pivots = 0;
+ kad_node_t **t;
+ nodes_t w = {0,0,0};
+
+ t = (kad_node_t**)calloc(n_v, sizeof(kad_node_t*));
+ n_pivots = kad_n_pivots(n_v, v);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_v; ++i) v[i]->tmp = i;
+ if (n_pivots) {
+ int k, *i_pivots;
+ i_pivots = (int*)calloc(n_pivots, sizeof(int));
+ for (i = k = 0; i < n_v; ++i) /* collect pivots */
+ if (kad_is_pivot(v[i])) i_pivots[k++] = i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n_pivots; ++i) /* unroll each pivot, from the lowest to the highest */
+ kad_unroll_helper(n_v, v, i_pivots[i], t, len[i], &w);
+ free(i_pivots);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < n_v; ++i) { /* copy over the rest of nodes */
+ if (t[i]) continue;
+ t[i] = kad_dup1(v[i]);
+ if (v[i]->n_child)
+ for (j = 0; j < v[i]->n_child; ++j)
+ t[i]->child[j] = t[v[i]->child[j]->tmp];
+ push_nodes(&w, t[i]);
+ }
+ free(t);
+ for (i = 0; i < n_v; ++i) v[i]->tmp = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < w.n; ++i) /* stack may change the output dimension */
+ if (w.v[i]->n_child > 0)
+ kad_op_list[w.v[i]->op](w.v[i], KAD_SYNC_DIM);
+ kad_allocate_internal(w.n, w.v);
+ *new_n = w.n;
+ return w.v;
+}
+
+/********************************
+ * Vector and matrix operations *
+ ********************************/
+
+#ifdef __SSE__
+#include <xmmintrin.h>
+
+static inline float kad_sdot(int n, const float *x, const float *y) /* BLAS sdot using SSE */
+{
+ int i, n8 = n>>3<<3;
+ __m128 vs1, vs2;
+ float s, t[4];
+ vs1 = _mm_setzero_ps();
+ vs2 = _mm_setzero_ps();
+ for (i = 0; i < n8; i += 8) {
+ __m128 vx1, vx2, vy1, vy2;
+ vx1 = _mm_loadu_ps(&x[i]);
+ vx2 = _mm_loadu_ps(&x[i+4]);
+ vy1 = _mm_loadu_ps(&y[i]);
+ vy2 = _mm_loadu_ps(&y[i+4]);
+ vs1 = _mm_add_ps(vs1, _mm_mul_ps(vx1, vy1));
+ vs2 = _mm_add_ps(vs2, _mm_mul_ps(vx2, vy2));
+ }
+ for (s = 0.; i < n; ++i) s += x[i] * y[i];
+ _mm_storeu_ps(t, vs1);
+ s += t[0] + t[1] + t[2] + t[3];
+ _mm_storeu_ps(t, vs2);
+ s += t[0] + t[1] + t[2] + t[3];
+ return s;
+}
+static inline void kad_saxpy_inlined(int n, float a, const float *x, float *y) /* BLAS saxpy using SSE */
+{
+ int i, n8 = n>>3<<3;
+ __m128 va;
+ va = _mm_set1_ps(a);
+ for (i = 0; i < n8; i += 8) {
+ __m128 vx1, vx2, vy1, vy2, vt1, vt2;
+ vx1 = _mm_loadu_ps(&x[i]);
+ vx2 = _mm_loadu_ps(&x[i+4]);
+ vy1 = _mm_loadu_ps(&y[i]);
+ vy2 = _mm_loadu_ps(&y[i+4]);
+ vt1 = _mm_add_ps(_mm_mul_ps(va, vx1), vy1);
+ vt2 = _mm_add_ps(_mm_mul_ps(va, vx2), vy2);
+ _mm_storeu_ps(&y[i], vt1);
+ _mm_storeu_ps(&y[i+4], vt2);
+ }
+ for (; i < n; ++i) y[i] += a * x[i];
+}
+#else
+static inline float kad_sdot(int n, const float *x, const float *y) /* BLAS sdot */
+{
+ int i;
+ float s = 0.;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) s += x[i] * y[i];
+ return s;
+}
+static inline void kad_saxpy_inlined(int n, float a, const float *x, float *y) // BLAS saxpy
+{
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) y[i] += a * x[i];
+}
+#endif
+
+void kad_vec_mul_sum(int n, float *a, const float *b, const float *c)
+{
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] += b[i] * c[i];
+}
+
+void kad_saxpy(int n, float a, const float *x, float *y) { kad_saxpy_inlined(n, a, x, y); }
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CBLAS
+#include "cblas.h"
+void kad_sgemm_simple(int trans_A, int trans_B, int M, int N, int K, const float *A, const float *B, float *C)
+{
+ cblas_sgemm(CblasRowMajor, trans_A? CblasTrans : CblasNoTrans, trans_B? CblasTrans : CblasNoTrans, M, N, K, 1.0f, A, trans_A? M : K, B, trans_B? K : N, 1.0f, C, N);
+}
+#else
+void kad_sgemm_simple(int trans_A, int trans_B, int M, int N, int K, const float *A, const float *B, float *C) /* simplified BLAS sgemm */
+{
+ static const int x = 16;
+ int i, j, k;
+ if (!trans_A && trans_B) {
+ for (i = 0; i < M; i += x)
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j += x) {
+ int ii, ie = M < i + x? M : i + x;
+ int jj, je = N < j + x? N : j + x;
+ for (ii = i; ii < ie; ++ii) { /* loop tiling */
+ const float *aii = A + ii * K, *bjj;
+ float *cii = C + ii * N;
+ for (jj = j, bjj = B + j * K; jj < je; ++jj, bjj += K)
+ cii[jj] += kad_sdot(K, aii, bjj);
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (!trans_A && !trans_B) {
+ for (i = 0; i < M; ++i)
+ for (k = 0; k < K; ++k)
+ kad_saxpy_inlined(N, A[i*K+k], &B[k*N], &C[i*N]);
+ } else if (trans_A && !trans_B) {
+ for (k = 0; k < K; ++k)
+ for (i = 0; i < M; ++i)
+ kad_saxpy_inlined(N, A[k*M+i], &B[k*N], &C[i*N]);
+ } else abort(); /* not implemented for (trans_A && trans_B) */
+}
+#endif
+
+/***************************
+ * Random number generator *
+ ***************************/
+
+static kad_rng_t kad_rng_dat = { {0x50f5647d2380309dULL, 0x91ffa96fc4c62cceULL}, 0.0, 0, 0 };
+
+static inline uint64_t kad_splitmix64(uint64_t x)
+{
+ uint64_t z = (x += 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15ULL);
+ z = (z ^ (z >> 30)) * 0xBF58476D1CE4E5B9ULL;
+ z = (z ^ (z >> 27)) * 0x94D049BB133111EBULL;
+ return z ^ (z >> 31);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t kad_xoroshiro128plus_next(kad_rng_t *r)
+{
+ const uint64_t s0 = r->s[0];
+ uint64_t s1 = r->s[1];
+ const uint64_t result = s0 + s1;
+ s1 ^= s0;
+ r->s[0] = (s0 << 55 | s0 >> 9) ^ s1 ^ (s1 << 14);
+ r->s[1] = s0 << 36 | s0 >> 28;
+ return result;
+}
+
+static inline void kad_xoroshiro128plus_jump(kad_rng_t *r)
+{
+ static const uint64_t JUMP[] = { 0xbeac0467eba5facbULL, 0xd86b048b86aa9922ULL };
+ uint64_t s0 = 0, s1 = 0;
+ int i, b;
+ for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
+ for (b = 0; b < 64; b++) {
+ if (JUMP[i] & 1ULL << b)
+ s0 ^= r->s[0], s1 ^= r->s[1];
+ kad_xoroshiro128plus_next(r);
+ }
+ r->s[0] = s0, r->s[1] = s1;
+}
+
+void kad_srand(void *d, uint64_t seed)
+{
+ kad_rng_t *r = d? (kad_rng_t*)d : &kad_rng_dat;
+ r->n_gset = 0.0, r->n_iset = 0;
+ r->s[0] = kad_splitmix64(seed);
+ r->s[1] = kad_splitmix64(r->s[0]);
+}
+
+void *kad_rng(void)
+{
+ kad_rng_t *r;
+ r = (kad_rng_t*)calloc(1, sizeof(kad_rng_t));
+ kad_xoroshiro128plus_jump(&kad_rng_dat);
+ r->s[0] = kad_rng_dat.s[0], r->s[1] = kad_rng_dat.s[1];
+ return r;
+}
+
+uint64_t kad_rand(void *d) { return kad_xoroshiro128plus_next(d? (kad_rng_t*)d : &kad_rng_dat); }
+
+double kad_drand(void *d)
+{
+ union { uint64_t i; double d; } u;
+ u.i = 0x3FFULL << 52 | kad_xoroshiro128plus_next(d? (kad_rng_t*)d : &kad_rng_dat) >> 12;
+ return u.d - 1.0;
+}
+
+double kad_drand_normal(void *d)
+{
+ kad_rng_t *r = d? (kad_rng_t*)d : &kad_rng_dat;
+ if (r->n_iset == 0) {
+ double fac, rsq, v1, v2;
+ do {
+ v1 = 2.0 * kad_drand(d) - 1.0;
+ v2 = 2.0 * kad_drand(d) - 1.0;
+ rsq = v1 * v1 + v2 * v2;
+ } while (rsq >= 1.0 || rsq == 0.0);
+ fac = sqrt(-2.0 * log(rsq) / rsq);
+ r->n_gset = v1 * fac;
+ r->n_iset = 1;
+ return v2 * fac;
+ } else {
+ r->n_iset = 0;
+ return r->n_gset;
+ }
+}
+
+/*************
+ * Operators *
+ *************/
+
+static inline void kad_copy_dim1(kad_node_t *dst, const kad_node_t *src) /* set the dimension/shape of dst to src */
+{
+ dst->n_d = src->n_d;
+ if (src->n_d) memcpy(dst->d, src->d, src->n_d * sizeof(int));
+}
+
+/********** Arithmetic operations **********/
+
+int kad_op_add(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n0, n1;
+ kad_node_t *q[2];
+
+ q[0] = p->child[0], n0 = kad_len(q[0]);
+ q[1] = p->child[1], n1 = kad_len(q[1]);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n0 % n1 != 0) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q[0]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ assert(n0 >= n1);
+ memcpy(p->x, q[0]->x, n0 * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_saxpy(n1, 1.0f, q[1]->x, p->x + i);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(q[0])) kad_saxpy(n0, 1.0f, p->g, q[0]->g);
+ if (kad_is_back(q[1]))
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_saxpy(n1, 1.0f, p->g + i, q[1]->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_sub(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n0, n1;
+ kad_node_t *q[2];
+
+ q[0] = p->child[0], n0 = kad_len(q[0]);
+ q[1] = p->child[1], n1 = kad_len(q[1]);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n0 % n1 != 0) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q[0]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ assert(n0 >= n1);
+ memcpy(p->x, q[0]->x, n0 * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_saxpy(n1, -1.0f, q[1]->x, p->x + i);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(q[0])) kad_saxpy(n0, 1.0f, p->g, q[0]->g);
+ if (kad_is_back(q[1]))
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_saxpy(n1, -1.0f, p->g + i, q[1]->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_mul(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n0, n1;
+ kad_node_t *q[2];
+
+ q[0] = p->child[0], n0 = kad_len(q[0]);
+ q[1] = p->child[1], n1 = kad_len(q[1]);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n0 % n1 != 0) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q[0]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ assert(n0 >= n1);
+ memset(p->x, 0, n0 * sizeof(float));
+ if (q[0]->x != 0 && q[1]->x != 0)
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1) /* TODO: optimize when n1==1 */
+ kad_vec_mul_sum(n1, p->x + i, q[0]->x + i, q[1]->x);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(q[0]) && q[1]->x)
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_vec_mul_sum(n1, q[0]->g + i, p->g + i, q[1]->x);
+ if (kad_is_back(q[1]) && q[0]->x)
+ for (i = 0; i < n0; i += n1)
+ kad_vec_mul_sum(n1, q[1]->g, p->g + i, q[0]->x + i);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_cmul(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n_a_row, n_b_row, n_col, n_a_col = 1, n_b_col = 1;
+ kad_node_t *q[2];
+
+ q[0] = p->child[0], q[1] = p->child[1];
+ n_col = q[0]->d[q[0]->n_d - 1] > q[1]->d[q[1]->n_d - 1]? q[0]->d[q[0]->n_d - 1] : q[1]->d[q[1]->n_d - 1];
+ for (i = q[0]->n_d - 1; i >= 0; --i) if (n_a_col < n_col) n_a_col *= q[0]->d[i];
+ for (i = q[1]->n_d - 1; i >= 0; --i) if (n_b_col < n_col) n_b_col *= q[1]->d[i];
+ n_a_row = kad_len(q[0]) / n_a_col, n_b_row = kad_len(q[1]) / n_b_col;
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n_a_col != n_b_col) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 2, p->d[0] = n_a_row, p->d[1] = n_b_row;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memset(p->x, 0, n_a_row * n_b_row * sizeof(float));
+ if (q[0]->x && q[1]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(0, 1, n_a_row, n_b_row, n_col, q[0]->x, q[1]->x, p->x); /* Y = X * trans(W) */
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(q[0]) && q[1]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(0, 0, n_a_row, n_col, n_b_row, p->g, q[1]->x, q[0]->g); /* G_x <- G_y * W */
+ if (kad_is_back(q[1]) && q[0]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(1, 0, n_b_row, n_col, n_a_row, p->g, q[0]->x, q[1]->g); /* G_w <- trans(G_y) * X */
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_matmul(kad_node_t *p, int action) /* TODO: matmul and cmul have different broadcasting rules */
+{
+ int n_a_row, n_b_row, n_a_col, n_b_col;
+ kad_node_t *q[2];
+
+ q[0] = p->child[0];
+ q[1] = p->child[1];
+ n_a_row = q[0]->n_d == 1? 1 : q[0]->d[0];
+ n_b_row = q[1]->n_d == 1? 1 : q[1]->d[0];
+ n_a_col = kad_len(q[0]) / n_a_row;
+ n_b_col = kad_len(q[1]) / n_b_row;
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n_a_col != n_b_row) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 2, p->d[0] = n_a_row, p->d[1] = n_b_col;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memset(p->x, 0, n_a_row * n_b_col * sizeof(float));
+ if (q[0]->x && q[1]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(0, 0, n_a_row, n_b_col, n_a_col, q[0]->x, q[1]->x, p->x); /* Y = X * W */
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(q[0]) && q[1]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(0, 1, n_a_row, n_a_col, n_b_col, p->g, q[1]->x, q[0]->g); /* G_x <- G_y * trans(W) */
+ if (kad_is_back(q[1]) && q[0]->x)
+ kad_sgemm_simple(1, 0, n_b_row, n_b_col, n_a_row, q[0]->x, p->g, q[1]->g); /* G_y <- trans(A) * G_y */
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_square(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ p->x[i] = q->x[i] * q->x[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * (q->x[i] + q->x[i]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_1minus(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p->x[i] = 1.0f - q->x[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ kad_saxpy(n, -1.0f, p->g, q->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_exp(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p->x[i] = expf(q->x[i]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * p->x[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_log(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p->x[i] = logf(q->x[i]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] / q->x[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_reduce_sum(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ int i, j, k, axis, d0, d1;
+
+ assert(p->ptr);
+ axis = *(int32_t*)p->ptr;
+ if (axis < 0 || axis >= q->n_d) return -1;
+ for (i = 0, d0 = 1; i < axis; ++i) d0 *= q->d[i];
+ for (i = axis + 1, d1 = 1; i < q->n_d; ++i) d1 *= q->d[i];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ p->n_d = q->n_d - 1;
+ for (i = j = 0; i < q->n_d; ++i)
+ if (i != axis) p->d[j++] = q->d[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memset(p->x, 0, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < q->d[axis]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d1; ++k)
+ p->x[i * d1 + k] += q->x[(i * q->d[axis] + j) * d1 + k];
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < q->d[axis]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d1; ++k)
+ q->g[(i * q->d[axis] + j) * d1 + k] += p->g[i * d1 + k];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_reduce_mean(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ int i, j, k, axis, d0, d1;
+
+ assert(p->ptr);
+ axis = *(int32_t*)p->ptr;
+ if (axis < 0 || axis >= q->n_d) return -1;
+ for (i = 0, d0 = 1; i < axis; ++i) d0 *= q->d[i];
+ for (i = axis + 1, d1 = 1; i < q->n_d; ++i) d1 *= q->d[i];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ p->n_d = q->n_d - 1;
+ for (i = j = 0; i < q->n_d; ++i)
+ if (i != axis) p->d[j++] = q->d[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ float t = 1.0f / q->d[axis];
+ memset(p->x, 0, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < q->d[axis]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d1; ++k)
+ p->x[i * d1 + k] += t * q->x[(i * q->d[axis] + j) * d1 + k];
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ float t = 1.0f / q->d[axis];
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < q->d[axis]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d1; ++k)
+ q->g[(i * q->d[axis] + j) * d1 + k] += t * p->g[i * d1 + k];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** Miscellaneous **********/
+
+int kad_op_dropout(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ assert(p->child[1]->n_d == 0);
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[0]))
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, n);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ float r = kad_is_const(q) || kad_is_var(q)? 0.0f : *p->child[1]->x, z = 1.0f / (1.0f - r);
+ uint8_t *flag = (uint8_t*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ int kept = (kad_drand(p->ptr) >= r);
+ p->x[i] = kept? q->x[i] * z : 0.0f;
+ if (flag) flag[i] = kept;
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(p->child[0])) {
+ float r = kad_is_const(q) || kad_is_var(q)? 0.0f : *p->child[1]->x, z = 1.0f / (1.0f - r);
+ uint8_t *flag = (uint8_t*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (flag[i]) q->g[i] += z * p->g[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_sample_normal(kad_node_t *p, int action) /* not tested */
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[0]))
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, n * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ float *r = (float*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ float z;
+ z = (float)kad_drand_normal(p->ptr);
+ p->x[i] = q->x[i] * z;
+ if (r) r[i] = z;
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(p->child[0])) {
+ float *r = (float*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * r[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_slice(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ int32_t *aux, *range;
+ int i, axis, d0, d1;
+
+ assert(p->ptr);
+ aux = (int32_t*)p->ptr, axis = aux[0], range = aux + 1;
+ if (axis < 0 || axis >= q->n_d) return -1;
+ for (i = 0, d0 = 1; i < axis; ++i) d0 *= q->d[i];
+ for (i = axis + 1, d1 = 1; i < q->n_d; ++i) d1 *= q->d[i];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (range[0] >= range[1] || range[0] < 0 || range[1] > q->d[axis]) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ p->d[axis] = range[1] - range[0];
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ memcpy(&p->x[i * p->d[axis] * d1], &q->x[(i * q->d[axis] + range[0]) * d1], (range[1] - range[0]) * d1 * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ kad_saxpy((range[1] - range[0]) * d1, 1.0f, &p->g[i * p->d[axis] * d1], &q->g[(i * q->d[axis] + range[0]) * d1]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_concat(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ int32_t *aux;
+ int i, j, k, axis, d0, d1;
+
+ assert(p->ptr);
+ aux = (int32_t*)p->ptr, axis = aux[0];
+ for (i = 0, d0 = 1; i < axis; ++i) d0 *= q->d[i];
+ for (i = axis + 1, d1 = 1; i < q->n_d; ++i) d1 *= q->d[i];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i) {
+ if (p->child[i]->n_d != q->n_d) return -1;
+ for (j = 0; j < q->n_d; ++j)
+ if (j != axis && q->d[j] != p->child[i]->d[j]) return -1;
+ }
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ p->d[axis] += p->child[i]->d[axis];
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = k = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j) {
+ q = p->child[j];
+ memcpy(&p->x[(i * p->d[axis] + k) * d1], &q->x[i * q->d[axis] * d1], q->d[axis] * d1 * sizeof(float));
+ k += q->d[axis];
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = k = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j) {
+ q = p->child[j];
+ if (!kad_is_back(q)) continue;
+ kad_saxpy(q->d[axis] * d1, 1.0f, &p->g[(i * p->d[axis] + k) * d1], &q->g[i * q->d[axis] * d1]);
+ k += q->d[axis];
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_reshape(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (p->ptr) {
+ int32_t *aux = (int32_t*)p->ptr;
+ int i, len = 1, n_missing = 0;
+ p->n_d = p->ptr_size / 4;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d; ++i) p->d[i] = aux[i];
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d; ++i)
+ if (p->d[i] <= 0) ++n_missing;
+ else len *= p->d[i];
+ if (n_missing == 0 && len != kad_len(q)) return -1;
+ if (n_missing > 1) { /* attempt to infer missing dimensions except the last one */
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d; ++i)
+ if (p->d[i] <= 0 && i < q->n_d) {
+ p->d[i] = q->d[i], len *= p->d[i];
+ if (--n_missing == 1) break;
+ }
+ if (n_missing > 1) return -1;
+ }
+ if (n_missing == 1) { /* infer the last missing dimension */
+ if (kad_len(q) % len != 0) return -1;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d; ++i)
+ if (p->d[i] <= 0) p->d[i] = kad_len(q) / len;
+ }
+ } else kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memcpy(p->x, q->x, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ kad_saxpy(kad_len(p), 1.0f, p->g, q->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_reverse(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ int axis, i, j, n, d0, d1;
+
+ axis = p->ptr? *(int32_t*)p->ptr : 0;
+ if (axis < 0) axis += q->n_d;
+ assert(axis >= 0 && axis < q->n_d);
+ for (i = 0, d0 = 1; i < axis; ++i) d0 *= q->d[i];
+ n = q->d[axis];
+ for (i = axis + 1, d1 = 1; i < q->n_d; ++i) d1 *= q->d[i];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
+ memcpy(&p->x[(i * n + n - 1 - j) * d1], &q->x[(i * n + j) * d1], d1 * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
+ kad_saxpy(d1, 1.0f, &p->g[(i * n + n - 1 - j) * d1], &q->g[(i * n + j) * d1]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** Cost functions **********/
+
+int kad_op_mse(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *y1 = p->child[0]; /* test */
+ kad_node_t *y0 = p->child[1]; /* truth */
+ int i, n;
+
+ n = kad_len(y0);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n != kad_len(y1)) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 0;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ double cost = 0.0;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ cost += (y1->x[i] - y0->x[i]) * (y1->x[i] - y0->x[i]);
+ p->x[0] = (float)(cost / n);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(y1)) {
+ float t = 2.0f * p->g[0] / n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ y1->g[i] += t * (y1->x[i] - y0->x[i]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_ce_bin(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ static const float tiny = 1e-9f;
+ kad_node_t *y1 = p->child[0]; /* test */
+ kad_node_t *y0 = p->child[1]; /* truth */
+ int i, n;
+
+ n = kad_len(y0);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n != kad_len(y1)) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 0;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ double cost = 0.0;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += y0->x[i] * log(y0->x[i] / (y1->x[i] > tiny? y1->x[i] : tiny));
+ if (1.0f - y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += (1.0f - y0->x[i]) * log((1.0f - y0->x[i]) / (1.0f - y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f - y1->x[i] : tiny));
+ }
+ p->x[0] = (float)(cost / n);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(y1)) {
+ float t = p->g[0] / n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ y1->g[i] -= t * y0->x[i] / (y1->x[i] > tiny? y1->x[i] : tiny);
+ if (1.0f - y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ y1->g[i] += t * (1.0f - y0->x[i]) / (1.0f - y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f - y1->x[i] : tiny);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_ce_bin_neg(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ static const float tiny = 1e-9f;
+ kad_node_t *y1 = p->child[0]; /* test */
+ kad_node_t *y0 = p->child[1]; /* truth */
+ int i, n;
+
+ n = kad_len(y0);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (n != kad_len(y1)) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 0;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ double cost = 0.0;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (1.0f + y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += .5f * (1.0f + y0->x[i]) * log((1.0f + y0->x[i]) / (1.0f + y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f + y1->x[i] : tiny));
+ if (1.0f - y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += .5f * (1.0f - y0->x[i]) * log((1.0f - y0->x[i]) / (1.0f - y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f - y1->x[i] : tiny));
+ }
+ p->x[0] = (float)(cost / n);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(y1)) {
+ float t = p->g[0] / n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (1.0f + y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ y1->g[i] -= .5f * t * (1.0f + y0->x[i]) / (1.0f + y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f + y1->x[i] : tiny);
+ if (1.0f - y0->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ y1->g[i] += .5f * t * (1.0f - y0->x[i]) / (1.0f - y1->x[i] > tiny? 1.0f - y1->x[i] : tiny);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_ce_multi(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ static const float tiny = 1e-9f;
+ kad_node_t *y1 = p->child[0]; /* test */
+ kad_node_t *y0 = p->child[1]; /* truth */
+ kad_node_t *c = 0;
+ int i, j, n1, d0;
+
+ n1 = y0->d[y0->n_d - 1];
+ d0 = kad_len(y0) / n1;
+ if (p->n_child == 3) {
+ c = p->child[2];
+ assert(c->n_d == 1 && c->d[0] == n1);
+ }
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (kad_len(y0) != kad_len(y1) || y0->d[y0->n_d - 1] != y1->d[y1->n_d - 1]) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 0;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ double cost = 0.0;
+ if (c == 0) {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float *x1 = &y1->x[j * n1], *x0 = &y0->x[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+ if (x0[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += x0[i] * log(x0[i] / (x1[i] > tiny? x1[i] : tiny));
+ }
+ } else {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float *x1 = &y1->x[j * n1], *x0 = &y0->x[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+ if (x0[i] > 0.0f)
+ cost += c->x[i] * x0[i] * log(x0[i] / (x1[i] > tiny? x1[i] : tiny));
+ }
+ }
+ p->x[0] = (float)(cost / d0);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(y1)) {
+ float t = p->g[0] / d0;
+ if (c == 0) {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float *g = &y1->g[j * n1], *x1 = &y1->x[j * n1], *x0 = &y0->x[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+ g[i] -= t * x0[i] / (x1[i] > tiny? x1[i] : tiny);
+ }
+ } else {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float *g = &y1->g[j * n1], *x1 = &y1->x[j * n1], *x0 = &y0->x[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+ g[i] -= t * c->x[i] * x0[i] / (x1[i] > tiny? x1[i] : tiny);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** Normalization **********/
+
+int kad_op_stdnorm(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, j, n, m;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ assert(q->n_d > 0);
+ n = q->d[q->n_d - 1];
+ m = kad_len(q) / n;
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, m * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ float *si = (float*)p->gtmp;
+ for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ float *px = &p->x[j * n], *qx = &q->x[j * n];
+ float avg, std_inv;
+ double s;
+ for (i = 0, s = 0.0; i < n; ++i) s += qx[i];
+ avg = (float)(s / n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) px[i] = qx[i] - avg;
+ for (i = 0, s = 0.0; i < n; ++i) s += px[i] * px[i];
+ std_inv = s == 0.0? 1.0f : (float)(1.0 / sqrt(s / n));
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) px[i] *= std_inv;
+ si[j] = std_inv;
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ float *si = (float*)p->gtmp;
+ for (j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
+ float *pg = &p->g[j * n], *qg = &q->g[j * n], *px = &p->x[j * n], std_inv = si[j];
+ double s, t;
+ for (i = 0, s = t = 0.0; i < n; ++i)
+ s += pg[i], t += px[i] * pg[i];
+ s /= n, t /= n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ qg[i] += std_inv * (pg[i] - s - px[i] * t);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** Activation functions **********/
+
+int kad_op_sigm(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ p->x[i] = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf(-q->x[i]));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * (p->x[i] * (1.0f - p->x[i]));
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_tanh(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ if (q->x[i] < -20.0f) p->x[i] = -1.0f;
+ else {
+ float y;
+ y = expf(-2.0f * q->x[i]);
+ p->x[i] = (1.0f - y) / (1.0f + y);
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * (1.0f - p->x[i] * p->x[i]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_relu(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ p->x[i] = q->x[i] > 0.0f? q->x[i] : 0.0f;
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (q->x[i] > 0.0f)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_sin(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p->x[i] = sinf(q->x[i]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ q->g[i] += p->g[i] * cosf(q->x[i]);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_softmax(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, j, n1, d0;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+
+ n1 = q->d[q->n_d - 1];
+ d0 = kad_len(q) / n1;
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float s, max, *x = &q->x[j * n1], *y = &p->x[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0, max = -FLT_MAX; i < n1; ++i)
+ max = max > x[i]? max : x[i];
+ for (i = 0, s = 0.0f; i < n1; ++i) {
+ y[i] = expf(x[i] - max);
+ s += y[i];
+ }
+ for (i = 0, s = 1.0f / s; i < n1; ++i) y[i] *= s;
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ for (j = 0; j < d0; ++j) {
+ float s, *g = &p->g[j * n1], *y = &p->x[j * n1], *h = &q->g[j * n1];
+ for (i = 0, s = 0.0f; i < n1; ++i)
+ s += g[i] * y[i];
+ for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+ h[i] += y[i] * (g[i] - s);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** Multi-node pooling **********/
+
+int kad_op_avg(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ float tmp;
+ kad_node_t *q;
+
+ assert(p->n_child > 0);
+ tmp = 1.0f / p->n_child;
+ q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_len(p->child[i]) != n) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memcpy(p->x, q->x, n * sizeof(float));
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ kad_saxpy(n, 1.0f, p->child[i]->x, p->x);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) p->x[i] *= tmp;
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[i]))
+ kad_saxpy(n, tmp, p->g, p->child[i]->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_max(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ int i, n;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ int *max_j;
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_len(p->child[i]) != n) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ max_j = (int*)calloc(n, sizeof(int));
+ p->gtmp = max_j;
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ int j, *max_j = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ memset(max_j, 0, n * sizeof(int));
+ memcpy(p->x, q->x, n * sizeof(float));
+ for (j = 1; j < p->n_child; ++j)
+ for (i = 0, q = p->child[j]; i < n; ++i)
+ if (q->x[i] > p->x[i]) p->x[i] = q->x[i], max_j[i] = j;
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ int *max_j = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ p->child[max_j[i]]->g[i] += p->g[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_stack(kad_node_t *p, int action) /* TODO: allow axis, as in TensorFlow */
+{
+ int i, n, axis = 0;
+ kad_node_t *q;
+
+ assert(p->n_child > 0);
+ q = p->child[0];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ for (i = 1; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_len(p->child[i]) != n) return -1;
+ p->n_d = q->n_d + 1;
+ for (i = 0; i < axis; ++i) p->d[i] = q->d[i];
+ p->d[axis] = p->n_child;
+ for (; i < q->n_d; ++i) p->d[i+1] = q->d[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) { /* TODO: doesn't work when axis != 0 */
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ memcpy(&p->x[i * n], p->child[i]->x, n * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[i]))
+ kad_saxpy(n, 1.0f, &p->g[i * n], p->child[i]->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_select(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ kad_node_t *q;
+ int i, n, which;
+
+ which = *(int32_t*)p->ptr;
+ if (which < 0) which += p->n_child;
+ assert(which >= 0 && which < p->n_child);
+ q = p->child[which];
+ n = kad_len(q);
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_child; ++i)
+ if (p->child[i]->n_d != q->n_d || kad_len(p->child[i]) != n)
+ break;
+ if (i < p->n_child) return -1;
+ kad_copy_dim1(p, q);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ memcpy(p->x, q->x, n * sizeof(float));
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD && kad_is_back(q)) {
+ kad_saxpy(n, 1.0f, p->g, q->g);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** 2D convolution **********/
+
+static void conv_rot180(int d0, int d1, float *x) /* rotate/reverse a weight martix */
+{
+ int i, j;
+ for (i = 0; i < d0; ++i) {
+ float tmp, *xi = &x[i * d1];
+ for (j = 0; j < d1>>1; ++j)
+ tmp = xi[j], xi[j] = xi[d1-1-j], xi[d1-1-j] = tmp;
+ }
+}
+
+static void conv2d_move_1to3(int d[4], const float *x, float *y) /* convert the NCHW shape to the NHWC shape */
+{
+ int i, j, k, l;
+ for (i = 0; i < d[0]; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < d[1]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d[2]; ++k) {
+ int ik = (i * d[2] + k) * d[3], ijk = ((i * d[1] + j) * d[2] + k) * d[3];
+ for (l = 0; l < d[3]; ++l)
+ y[(ik + l) * d[1] + j] = x[ijk + l];
+ }
+}
+
+static void conv2d_add_3to1(int d[4], const float *y, float *x) /* convert the NHWC shape back to NCHW and add to another NCHW-shaped array */
+{
+ int i, j, k, l;
+ for (i = 0; i < d[0]; ++i)
+ for (j = 0; j < d[1]; ++j)
+ for (k = 0; k < d[2]; ++k) {
+ int ik = (i * d[2] + k) * d[3], ijk = ((i * d[1] + j) * d[2] + k) * d[3];
+ for (l = 0; l < d[3]; ++l)
+ x[ijk + l] += y[(ik + l) * d[1] + j];
+ }
+}
+
+#define conv_out_size(in_size, aux) (((in_size) - (aux)->kernel_size + (aux)->pad[0] + (aux)->pad[1]) / (aux)->stride + 1)
+
+#define process_row_for(_xx, _ww, _yy, _wn, _pn, _stride, _pad, _t) do { \
+ int j, l; \
+ if (_stride > 1) { \
+ for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) { \
+ const float *xl = &_xx[l - _pad]; \
+ for (j = 0; j < _pn; ++j, xl += _stride) _t[j] = *xl; \
+ kad_saxpy(_pn, _ww[l], _t, _yy); \
+ } \
+ } else for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) kad_saxpy(_pn, _ww[l], &_xx[l - _pad], _yy); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define process_row_back_x(_xx, _ww, _yy, _wn, _pn, _stride, _pad, _t) do { \
+ int j, l; \
+ if (_stride > 1) { \
+ for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) { \
+ float *xl = &_xx[l - _pad]; \
+ memset(_t, 0, _pn * sizeof(float)); \
+ kad_saxpy(_pn, _ww[l], _yy, _t); \
+ for (j = 0; j < _pn; ++j, xl += _stride) *xl += _t[j]; \
+ } \
+ } else for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) kad_saxpy(_pn, _ww[l], _yy, &_xx[l - _pad]); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define process_row_back_w(_xx, _ww, _yy, _wn, _pn, _stride, _pad, _t) do { \
+ int j, l; \
+ if (_stride > 1) { \
+ for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) { \
+ const float *xl = &_xx[l - _pad]; \
+ for (j = 0; j < _pn; ++j, xl += _stride) _t[j] = *xl; \
+ _ww[l] += kad_sdot(_pn, _yy, _t); \
+ } \
+ } else for (l = 0; l < _wn; ++l) _ww[l] += kad_sdot(_pn, _yy, &_xx[l - _pad]); \
+} while (0)
+
+/* Forward and backward passes are implemented with two different algorithms.
+ * The first is faster for small kernels with few input channels; otherwise the
+ * second algorithm is faster. Both algorithms should produce identical
+ * results, up to the precision of "float".
+ */
+int kad_op_conv2d(kad_node_t *p, int action) /* in the number-channel-height-width (NCHW) shape */
+{
+#define conv2d_loop1(_x, _w, _y, _tmp, _row_func) do { /* for the NCHW shape */ \
+ int n, c1, c0, i, k, ii; \
+ for (n = 0; n < q->d[0]; ++n) /* mini-batch */ \
+ for (c1 = 0; c1 < w->d[0]; ++c1) /* output channel */ \
+ for (c0 = 0; c0 < w->d[1]; ++c0) /* input channel */ \
+ for (k = 0; k < w->d[2]; ++k) { /* kernel row */ \
+ float *_ww = &(_w)[((c1 * w->d[1] + c0) * w->d[2] + k) * w->d[3]]; \
+ for (i = 0, ii = k - aux[0].pad[0]; i < p->d[2] && ii >= 0 && ii < q->d[2]; ++i, ii += aux[0].stride) { /* output row */ \
+ float *_xx = &(_x)[((n * q->d[1] + c0) * q->d[2] + ii) * q->d[3]]; \
+ float *_yy = &(_y)[((n * p->d[1] + c1) * p->d[2] + i) * p->d[3]]; \
+ if (x_padded) { \
+ memcpy(x_padded + aux[1].pad[0], _xx, q->d[3] * sizeof(float)); \
+ _xx = x_padded + aux[1].pad[0]; \
+ } \
+ _row_func(_xx, _ww, _yy, w->d[3], p->d[3], aux[1].stride, aux[1].pad[0], (_tmp)); \
+ } /* ~i */ \
+ } /* ~k, c0, c1, n */ \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define conv2d_loop2(_x, _w, _y, _code) do { /* for the NHWC shape */ \
+ int n, c1, i, j, k, ii, j_skip = aux[1].stride * q->d[1], m = w->d[3] * w->d[1]; \
+ for (n = 0; n < q->d[0]; ++n) /* mini-batch */ \
+ for (c1 = 0; c1 < w->d[0]; ++c1) /* output channel */ \
+ for (k = 0; k < w->d[2]; ++k) { /* kernel row */ \
+ float *_ww = &(_w)[(c1 * w->d[2] + k) * m]; \
+ for (i = 0, ii = k - aux[0].pad[0]; i < p->d[2] && ii >= 0 && ii < q->d[2]; ++i, ii += aux[0].stride) { /* output and input row */ \
+ float *_xx = &(_x)[(n * q->d[2] + ii) * q->d[3] * q->d[1]]; \
+ float *_yy = &(_y)[((n * p->d[1] + c1) * p->d[2] + i) * p->d[3]]; \
+ if (x_padded) { \
+ memcpy(x_padded + aux[1].pad[0] * q->d[1], _xx, q->d[3] * q->d[1] * sizeof(float)); \
+ _xx = x_padded; \
+ } \
+ for (j = 0; j < p->d[3]; ++j, _xx += j_skip, ++_yy) _code; /* output and input column */ \
+ } /* ~i */ \
+ } /* ~k, c1, n */ \
+ } while (0)
+
+ conv_conf_t *aux = (conv_conf_t*)p->ptr;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0], *w = p->child[1];
+ float *t = 0, *q1 = 0, *w1 = 0, *x_padded = 0;
+ int algo_switch = 0;
+
+ if (action == KAD_FORWARD || action == KAD_BACKWARD) { /* allocate working space */
+ if (w->d[3] * w->d[1] < 16) {
+ t = (float*)malloc(p->d[3] * sizeof(float));
+ x_padded = aux[1].pad[0] + aux[1].pad[1] > 0? (float*)calloc(q->d[3] + aux[1].pad[0] + aux[1].pad[1], sizeof(float)) : 0;
+ } else {
+ q1 = (float*)malloc(kad_len(q) * sizeof(float));
+ w1 = (float*)malloc(kad_len(w) * sizeof(float));
+ x_padded = aux[1].pad[0] + aux[1].pad[1] > 0? (float*)calloc((q->d[3] + aux[1].pad[0] + aux[1].pad[1]) * q->d[1], sizeof(float)) : 0;
+ algo_switch = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (q->n_d != 4 || w->n_d != 4) return -1;
+ if (q->d[1] != w->d[1]) return -1; /* unmatched input channels */
+ p->n_d = 4;
+ p->d[0] = q->d[0], p->d[1] = w->d[0], p->d[2] = conv_out_size(q->d[2], &aux[0]), p->d[3] = conv_out_size(q->d[3], &aux[1]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->x);
+ memset(p->x, 0, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ if (!algo_switch) { /* this is the first algorithm */
+ conv2d_loop1(q->x, w->x, p->x, t, process_row_for);
+ } else { /* this is the second algorithm */
+ conv2d_move_1to3(q->d, q->x, q1);
+ conv2d_move_1to3(w->d, w->x, w1);
+ conv2d_loop2(q1, w1, p->x, (*_yy += kad_sdot(m, _ww, _xx)));
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->x);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[0])) { /* backprop to the input array */
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->x);
+ if (!algo_switch) {
+ conv2d_loop1(q->g, w->x, p->g, t, process_row_back_x);
+ } else {
+ memset(q1, 0, kad_len(q) * sizeof(float));
+ conv2d_move_1to3(w->d, w->x, w1);
+ conv2d_loop2(q1, w1, p->g, kad_saxpy(m, *_yy, _ww, _xx));
+ conv2d_add_3to1(q->d, q1, q->g);
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->x);
+ }
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[1])) { /* backprop to the weight matrix */
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->g);
+ if (!algo_switch) {
+ conv2d_loop1(q->x, w->g, p->g, t, process_row_back_w);
+ } else {
+ conv2d_move_1to3(q->d, q->x, q1);
+ memset(w1, 0, kad_len(w) * sizeof(float));
+ conv2d_loop2(q1, w1, p->g, kad_saxpy(m, *_yy, _xx, _ww));
+ conv2d_add_3to1(w->d, w1, w->g);
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2] * w->d[3], w->g);
+ }
+ }
+ free(t); free(q1); free(w1); free(x_padded);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_max2d(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ conv_conf_t *aux = (conv_conf_t*)p->ptr;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (q->n_d != 4) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 4;
+ p->d[0] = q->d[0], p->d[1] = q->d[1], p->d[2] = conv_out_size(q->d[2], &aux[0]), p->d[3] = conv_out_size(q->d[3], &aux[1]);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, kad_len(p) * sizeof(int));
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ int rest = 1, len, t, i;
+ int *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ len = kad_len(p);
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) p->x[i] = -FLT_MAX;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d - 2; ++i) rest *= p->d[i];
+ for (t = 0; t < rest; ++t) {
+ int i, j, k, l, p_row = p->d[p->n_d - 2], p_col = p->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ for (i = 0; i < p_row; ++i) {
+ int u = (t * p_row + i) * p_col;
+ for (k = 0; k < aux[0].kernel_size; ++k) {
+ int v, v0, v_end, ii = i * aux[0].stride + k - aux[0].pad[0];
+ if (ii < 0 || ii >= q->d[p->n_d - 2]) continue;
+ v0 = (t * q->d[p->n_d - 2] + ii) * q->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ v_end = v0 + q->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ for (l = 0; l < aux[1].kernel_size; ++l)
+ for (j = 0, v = v0 + (l > aux[1].pad[0]? l - aux[1].pad[0] : 0); j < p_col && v < v_end; ++j, v += aux[1].stride)
+ if (p->x[u + j] < q->x[v])
+ p->x[u + j] = q->x[v], f[u + j] = v;
+ } /* ~k */
+ } /* ~i */
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ int i, len, *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ len = kad_len(p);
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) q->g[f[i]] += p->g[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** 1D convolution **********/
+
+static void conv1d_move_1to2(int d[3], const float *x, float *y)
+{
+ int i, j, k;
+ for (k = 0; k < d[0]; ++k)
+ for (j = 0; j < d[1]; ++j)
+ for (i = 0; i < d[2]; ++i)
+ y[(k * d[2] + i) * d[1] + j] = x[(k * d[1] + j) * d[2] + i];
+}
+
+static void conv1d_add_2to1(int d[3], const float *y, float *x)
+{
+ int i, j, k;
+ for (k = 0; k < d[0]; ++k)
+ for (j = 0; j < d[1]; ++j)
+ for (i = 0; i < d[2]; ++i)
+ x[(k * d[1] + j) * d[2] + i] += y[(k * d[2] + i) * d[1] + j];
+}
+
+int kad_op_conv1d(kad_node_t *p, int action) /* in the number-channel-width (NCW) shape */
+{
+#define conv1d_loop1(_x, _w, _y, _tmp, _row_func) do { /* for the NCW shape */ \
+ int n, c1, c0; \
+ for (n = 0; n < q->d[0]; ++n) /* mini-batch */ \
+ for (c1 = 0; c1 < w->d[0]; ++c1) /* output channel */ \
+ for (c0 = 0; c0 < w->d[1]; ++c0) { /* input channel */ \
+ float *_ww = &(_w)[(c1 * w->d[1] + c0) * w->d[2]]; \
+ float *_xx = &(_x)[(n * q->d[1] + c0) * q->d[2]]; \
+ float *_yy = &(_y)[(n * p->d[1] + c1) * p->d[2]]; \
+ if (x_padded) { \
+ memcpy(x_padded + aux->pad[0], _xx, q->d[2] * sizeof(float)); \
+ _xx = x_padded + aux->pad[0]; \
+ } \
+ _row_func(_xx, _ww, _yy, w->d[2], p->d[2], aux->stride, aux->pad[0], (_tmp)); \
+ } /* ~c0, c1, n */ \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define conv1d_loop2(_x, _w, _y, _code) do { /* for the NWC shape */ \
+ int n, c1, j, j_skip = aux->stride * q->d[1], m = w->d[2] * w->d[1]; \
+ for (n = 0; n < q->d[0]; ++n) /* mini-batch */ \
+ for (c1 = 0; c1 < w->d[0]; ++c1) { /* output channel */ \
+ float *_ww = &(_w)[c1 * m]; \
+ float *_xx = &(_x)[n * q->d[1] * q->d[2]]; \
+ float *_yy = &(_y)[(n * p->d[1] + c1) * p->d[2]]; \
+ if (x_padded) { \
+ memcpy(x_padded + aux->pad[0] * q->d[1], _xx, q->d[2] * q->d[1] * sizeof(float)); \
+ _xx = x_padded; \
+ } \
+ for (j = 0; j < p->d[2]; ++j, _xx += j_skip, ++_yy) _code; \
+ } /* ~c1, n */ \
+ } while (0)
+
+ conv_conf_t *aux = (conv_conf_t*)p->ptr;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0], *w = p->child[1];
+ float *t = 0, *q1 = 0, *w1 = 0, *x_padded = 0;
+ int algo_switch = 0;
+
+ if (action == KAD_FORWARD || action == KAD_BACKWARD) { /* allocate working space */
+ if (w->d[2] * w->d[1] < 32) {
+ t = (float*)malloc(p->d[2] * sizeof(float));
+ x_padded = aux->pad[0] + aux->pad[1] > 0? (float*)calloc(q->d[2] + aux->pad[0] + aux->pad[1], sizeof(float)) : 0;
+ } else {
+ q1 = (float*)malloc(kad_len(q) * sizeof(float));
+ w1 = (float*)malloc(kad_len(w) * sizeof(float));
+ x_padded = aux->pad[0] + aux->pad[1] > 0? (float*)calloc((q->d[2] + aux->pad[0] + aux->pad[1]) * q->d[1], sizeof(float)) : 0;
+ algo_switch = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (q->n_d != 3 || w->n_d != 3) return -1;
+ if (q->d[1] != w->d[1]) return -1; /* unmatched input channels */
+ p->n_d = 3;
+ p->d[0] = q->d[0], p->d[1] = w->d[0], p->d[2] = conv_out_size(q->d[2], aux);
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->x);
+ memset(p->x, 0, kad_len(p) * sizeof(float));
+ if (!algo_switch) { /* this is the first algorithm */
+ conv1d_loop1(q->x, w->x, p->x, t, process_row_for);
+ } else { /* this is the second algorithm */
+ conv1d_move_1to2(q->d, q->x, q1);
+ conv1d_move_1to2(w->d, w->x, w1);
+ conv1d_loop2(q1, w1, p->x, (*_yy += kad_sdot(m, _ww, _xx)));
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->x);
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[0])) { /* backprop to the input array */
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->x);
+ if (!algo_switch) {
+ conv1d_loop1(q->g, w->x, p->g, t, process_row_back_x);
+ } else {
+ memset(q1, 0, kad_len(q) * sizeof(float));
+ conv1d_move_1to2(w->d, w->x, w1);
+ conv1d_loop2(q1, w1, p->g, kad_saxpy(m, *_yy, _ww, _xx));
+ conv1d_add_2to1(q->d, q1, q->g);
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->x);
+ }
+ if (kad_is_back(p->child[1])) { /* backprop to the weight matrix */
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->g);
+ if (!algo_switch) {
+ conv1d_loop1(q->x, w->g, p->g, t, process_row_back_w);
+ } else {
+ conv1d_move_1to2(q->d, q->x, q1);
+ memset(w1, 0, kad_len(w) * sizeof(float));
+ conv1d_loop2(q1, w1, p->g, kad_saxpy(m, *_yy, _xx, _ww));
+ conv1d_add_2to1(w->d, w1, w->g);
+ }
+ conv_rot180(w->d[0] * w->d[1], w->d[2], w->g);
+ }
+ }
+ free(t); free(q1); free(w1); free(x_padded);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_max1d(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ conv_conf_t *aux = (conv_conf_t*)p->ptr;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (q->n_d != 3) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 3;
+ p->d[0] = q->d[0], p->d[1] = q->d[1], p->d[2] = conv_out_size(q->d[2], aux);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, kad_len(p) * sizeof(int));
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ int rest = 1, len, t, i;
+ int *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ len = kad_len(p);
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) p->x[i] = -FLT_MAX;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d - 1; ++i) rest *= p->d[i];
+ for (t = 0; t < rest; ++t) {
+ int j, l, p_width = p->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ int u = t * p_width, v, v0 = t * q->d[p->n_d - 1], v_end = v0 + q->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ for (l = 0; l < aux->kernel_size; ++l)
+ for (j = 0, v = v0 + (l > aux->pad[0]? l - aux->pad[0] : 0); j < p_width && v < v_end; ++j, v += aux->stride)
+ if (p->x[u + j] < q->x[v])
+ p->x[u + j] = q->x[v], f[u + j] = v;
+ }
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ int i, len, *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ len = kad_len(p);
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) q->g[f[i]] += p->g[i];
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int kad_op_avg1d(kad_node_t *p, int action)
+{
+ conv_conf_t *aux = (conv_conf_t*)p->ptr;
+ kad_node_t *q = p->child[0];
+ if (action == KAD_SYNC_DIM) {
+ if (q->n_d != 3) return -1;
+ p->n_d = 3;
+ p->d[0] = q->d[0], p->d[1] = q->d[1], p->d[2] = conv_out_size(q->d[2], aux);
+ } else if (action == KAD_ALLOC) {
+ p->gtmp = realloc(p->gtmp, kad_len(p) * sizeof(int));
+ } else if (action == KAD_FORWARD) {
+ int rest = 1, len, t, i;
+ int *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ len = kad_len(p);
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) p->x[i] = 0.0f, f[i] = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d - 1; ++i) rest *= p->d[i];
+ for (t = 0; t < rest; ++t) {
+ int j, l, p_width = p->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ int u = t * p_width, v, v0 = t * q->d[p->n_d - 1], v_end = v0 + q->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ for (l = 0; l < aux->kernel_size; ++l)
+ for (j = 0, v = v0 + (l > aux->pad[0]? l - aux->pad[0] : 0); j < p_width && v < v_end; ++j, v += aux->stride)
+ p->x[u + j] += q->x[v], ++f[u + j];
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) p->x[i] /= f[i];
+ } else if (action == KAD_BACKWARD) {
+ int rest = 1, t, i;
+ int *f = (int*)p->gtmp;
+ for (i = 0; i < p->n_d - 1; ++i) rest *= p->d[i];
+ for (t = 0; t < rest; ++t) {
+ int j, l, p_width = p->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ int u = t * p_width, v, v0 = t * q->d[p->n_d - 1], v_end = v0 + q->d[p->n_d - 1];
+ for (l = 0; l < aux->kernel_size; ++l)
+ for (j = 0, v = v0 + (l > aux->pad[0]? l - aux->pad[0] : 0); j < p_width && v < v_end; ++j, v += aux->stride)
+ q->g[v] += p->g[u + j] / f[u + j];
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/********** List of operators **********/
+
+kad_op_f kad_op_list[KAD_MAX_OP] = {
+ 0,
+ kad_op_add, /* 1: element-wise addition */
+ kad_op_mul, /* 2: element-wise multiplication */
+ kad_op_cmul, /* 3: column multiplication */
+ kad_op_ce_bin_neg, /* 4: binary cross-entropy for (-1,1) */
+ kad_op_square, /* 5: square */
+ kad_op_sigm, /* 6: sigmoid */
+ kad_op_tanh, /* 7: tanh */
+ kad_op_relu, /* 8: ReLU */
+ kad_op_matmul, /* 9: matrix multiplication */
+ kad_op_avg, /* 10: general average pooling (not for ConvNet) */
+ kad_op_1minus, /* 11: 1-x */
+ kad_op_select, /* 12: choose between one of the children */
+ kad_op_ce_multi, /* 13: multi-class cross-entropy */
+ kad_op_softmax, /* 14: softmax */
+ kad_op_dropout, /* 15: dropout */
+ kad_op_conv2d, /* 16: 2D convolution */
+ kad_op_max2d, /* 17: 2D max pooling (for 2D ConvNet) */
+ kad_op_conv1d, /* 18: 1D convolution */
+ kad_op_max1d, /* 19: 1D max pooling (for 1D ConvNet) */
+ kad_op_slice, /* 20: slice data at a dimension */
+ kad_op_max, /* 21: general max pooling */
+ kad_op_ce_bin, /* 22: binary cross-entropy for (0,1) */
+ kad_op_sub, /* 23: element-wise subtraction */
+ kad_op_sample_normal, /* 24: sample from a normal distribution */
+ kad_op_reduce_sum, /* 25 */
+ kad_op_reduce_mean, /* 26 */
+ kad_op_log, /* 27: log() */
+ kad_op_avg1d, /* 28: 1D average pooling (for 1D ConvNet) */
+ kad_op_mse, /* 29: mean square error */
+ kad_op_reshape, /* 30 */
+ kad_op_concat, /* 31 */
+ kad_op_stdnorm, /* 32: layer normalization */
+ kad_op_exp, /* 33: exp() */
+ kad_op_sin, /* 34: sin() */
+ kad_op_stack, /* 35: tf.stack, but on the first axis only */
+ kad_op_reverse /* 36: tf.reverse, but on one axis only */
+};
+
+char *kad_op_name[KAD_MAX_OP] = {
+ 0, "add", "mul", "cmul", "ce_bin_neg", "square", "sigm", "tanh", "relu", "matmul", "avg", "1minus", "select", "ce_multi", "softmax",
+ "dropout", "conv2d", "max2d", "conv1d", "max1d", "slice", "max", "ce_bin", "sub", "sample_normal", "reduce_sum", "reduce_mean", "log",
+ "avg1d", "mse", "reshape", "concat", "stdnorm", "exp", "sin", "stack", "reverse"
+};
+
+/**************************
+ *** Debugging routines ***
+ **************************/
+
+void kad_trap_fe(void)
+{
+#ifdef __SSE__
+ _MM_SET_EXCEPTION_MASK(_MM_GET_EXCEPTION_MASK() & ~(_MM_MASK_INVALID | _MM_MASK_DIV_ZERO));
+#endif
+}
+
+void kad_print_graph(FILE *fp, int n, kad_node_t **v)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) v[i]->tmp = i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ kad_node_t *p = v[i];
+ fprintf(fp, "%d\t%x:%x\t%d\t", i, p->flag, p->ext_flag, p->ext_label);
+ if (p->pre) fprintf(fp, "%d\t", p->pre->tmp);
+ else fprintf(fp, ".\t");
+ fputs("[", fp);
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_d; ++j) {
+ if (j) fputc(',', fp);
+ fprintf(fp, "%d", p->d[j]);
+ }
+ fprintf(fp, "]\t");
+ if (p->n_child) {
+ fprintf(fp, "%s(", kad_op_name[p->op]);
+ for (j = 0; j < p->n_child; ++j) {
+ if (j) fputc(',', fp);
+ fprintf(fp, "$%d", p->child[j]->tmp);
+ }
+ fprintf(fp, ")");
+ } else fprintf(fp, "%s", kad_is_feed(p)? "feed" : kad_is_var(p)? "var" : kad_is_const(p)? "const" : "N/A");
+ fputc('\n', fp);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) v[i]->tmp = 0;
+}
+
+static void kad_add_delta(int n, kad_node_t **a, float c, float *delta)
+{
+ int i, k;
+ for (i = k = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_var(a[i])) {
+ kad_saxpy(kad_len(a[i]), c, &delta[k], a[i]->x);
+ k += kad_len(a[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+void kad_check_grad(int n, kad_node_t **a, int from)
+{
+ const float eps = 1e-5f, rel = 1e-7f / eps;
+ int i, k, n_var;
+ float *g0, *delta, f0, f_minus, f_plus, s0, s1, rel_err, p_m_err;
+ n_var = kad_size_var(n, a);
+ g0 = (float*)calloc(n_var, sizeof(float));
+ f0 = *kad_eval_at(n, a, from);
+ kad_grad(n, a, from);
+ for (i = k = 0; i < n; ++i)
+ if (kad_is_var(a[i])) {
+ memcpy(&g0[k], a[i]->g, kad_len(a[i]) * sizeof(float));
+ k += kad_len(a[i]);
+ }
+ delta = (float*)calloc(n_var, sizeof(float));
+ for (k = 0; k < n_var; ++k) delta[k] = (float)kad_drand(0) * eps;
+ kad_add_delta(n, a, 1.0f, delta);
+ f_plus = *kad_eval_at(n, a, from);
+ kad_add_delta(n, a, -2.0f, delta);
+ f_minus = *kad_eval_at(n, a, from);
+ kad_add_delta(n, a, 1.0f, delta);
+ s0 = kad_sdot(n_var, g0, delta);
+ s1 = .5f * (f_plus - f_minus);
+ fprintf(stderr, "Gradient check -- %g <=> %g @ %g -- ", s0/eps, s1/eps, f0);
+ if (fabs(s1) >= rel * eps) {
+ rel_err = fabsf(fabsf(s0) - fabsf(s1)) / (fabsf(s0) + fabsf(s1));
+ p_m_err = fabsf(f_plus + f_minus - 2.0f * f0) / fabsf(f_plus - f_minus);
+ fprintf(stderr, "rel_err:%g p_m_err:%g -- ", rel_err, p_m_err);
+ if (rel_err >= rel && rel_err > p_m_err) fprintf(stderr, "failed\n");
+ else fprintf(stderr, "passed\n");
+ } else fprintf(stderr, "skipped\n");
+ free(delta); free(g0);
+}
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-12-29 00:55:15 +0000