/*
 * Copyright 2000-2013 Vaadin Ltd.
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.vaadin.data.util;

import java.beans.BeanInfo;
import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * A wrapper class for adding the Item interface to any Java Bean.
 * 
 * @author Vaadin Ltd.
 * @since 3.0
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class BeanItem<BT> extends PropertysetItem {

    /**
     * The bean which this Item is based on.
     */
    private final BT bean;

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new instance of <code>BeanItem</code> and adds all properties
     * of a Java Bean to it. The properties are identified by their respective
     * bean names.
     * </p>
     * 
     * <p>
     * Note : This version only supports introspectable bean properties and
     * their getter and setter methods. Stand-alone <code>is</code> and
     * <code>are</code> methods are not supported.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param bean
     *            the Java Bean to copy properties from.
     * 
     */
    public BeanItem(BT bean) {
        this(bean, getPropertyDescriptors((Class<BT>) bean.getClass()));
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new instance of <code>BeanItem</code> using a pre-computed set
     * of properties. The properties are identified by their respective bean
     * names.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param bean
     *            the Java Bean to copy properties from.
     * @param propertyDescriptors
     *            pre-computed property descriptors
     */
    BeanItem(BT bean,
            Map<String, VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT>> propertyDescriptors) {

        this.bean = bean;

        for (VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT> pd : propertyDescriptors.values()) {
            addItemProperty(pd.getName(), pd.createProperty(bean));
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new instance of <code>BeanItem</code> and adds all listed
     * properties of a Java Bean to it - in specified order. The properties are
     * identified by their respective bean names.
     * </p>
     * 
     * <p>
     * Note : This version only supports introspectable bean properties and
     * their getter and setter methods. Stand-alone <code>is</code> and
     * <code>are</code> methods are not supported.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param bean
     *            the Java Bean to copy properties from.
     * @param propertyIds
     *            id of the property.
     */
    public BeanItem(BT bean, Collection<?> propertyIds) {

        this.bean = bean;

        // Create bean information
        LinkedHashMap<String, VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT>> pds = getPropertyDescriptors((Class<BT>) bean
                .getClass());

        // Add all the bean properties as MethodProperties to this Item
        for (Object id : propertyIds) {
            VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT> pd = pds.get(id);
            if (pd != null) {
                addItemProperty(pd.getName(), pd.createProperty(bean));
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Creates a new instance of <code>BeanItem</code> and adds all listed
     * properties of a Java Bean to it - in specified order. The properties are
     * identified by their respective bean names.
     * </p>
     * 
     * <p>
     * Note : This version only supports introspectable bean properties and
     * their getter and setter methods. Stand-alone <code>is</code> and
     * <code>are</code> methods are not supported.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param bean
     *            the Java Bean to copy properties from.
     * @param propertyIds
     *            ids of the properties.
     */
    public BeanItem(BT bean, String... propertyIds) {
        this(bean, Arrays.asList(propertyIds));
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Perform introspection on a Java Bean class to find its properties.
     * </p>
     * 
     * <p>
     * Note : This version only supports introspectable bean properties and
     * their getter and setter methods. Stand-alone <code>is</code> and
     * <code>are</code> methods are not supported.
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param beanClass
     *            the Java Bean class to get properties for.
     * @return an ordered map from property names to property descriptors
     */
    static <BT> LinkedHashMap<String, VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT>> getPropertyDescriptors(
            final Class<BT> beanClass) {
        final LinkedHashMap<String, VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT>> pdMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT>>();

        // Try to introspect, if it fails, we just have an empty Item
        try {
            List<PropertyDescriptor> propertyDescriptors = getBeanPropertyDescriptor(beanClass);

            // Add all the bean properties as MethodProperties to this Item
            // later entries on the list overwrite earlier ones
            for (PropertyDescriptor pd : propertyDescriptors) {
                final Method getMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
                if ((getMethod != null)
                        && getMethod.getDeclaringClass() != Object.class) {
                    VaadinPropertyDescriptor<BT> vaadinPropertyDescriptor = new MethodPropertyDescriptor<BT>(
                            pd.getName(), pd.getPropertyType(),
                            pd.getReadMethod(), pd.getWriteMethod());
                    pdMap.put(pd.getName(), vaadinPropertyDescriptor);
                }
            }
        } catch (final java.beans.IntrospectionException ignored) {
        }

        return pdMap;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the property descriptors of a class or an interface.
     * 
     * For an interface, superinterfaces are also iterated as Introspector does
     * not take them into account (Oracle Java bug 4275879), but in that case,
     * both the setter and the getter for a property must be in the same
     * interface and should not be overridden in subinterfaces for the discovery
     * to work correctly.
     * 
     * For interfaces, the iteration is depth first and the properties of
     * superinterfaces are returned before those of their subinterfaces.
     * 
     * @param beanClass
     * @return
     * @throws IntrospectionException
     */
    private static List<PropertyDescriptor> getBeanPropertyDescriptor(
            final Class<?> beanClass) throws IntrospectionException {
        // Oracle bug 4275879: Introspector does not consider superinterfaces of
        // an interface
        if (beanClass.isInterface()) {
            List<PropertyDescriptor> propertyDescriptors = new ArrayList<PropertyDescriptor>();

            for (Class<?> cls : beanClass.getInterfaces()) {
                propertyDescriptors.addAll(getBeanPropertyDescriptor(cls));
            }

            BeanInfo info = Introspector.getBeanInfo(beanClass);
            propertyDescriptors.addAll(Arrays.asList(info
                    .getPropertyDescriptors()));

            return propertyDescriptors;
        } else {
            BeanInfo info = Introspector.getBeanInfo(beanClass);
            return Arrays.asList(info.getPropertyDescriptors());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Expands nested bean properties by replacing a top-level property with
     * some or all of its sub-properties. The expansion is not recursive.
     * 
     * @param propertyId
     *            property id for the property whose sub-properties are to be
     *            expanded,
     * @param subPropertyIds
     *            sub-properties to expand, all sub-properties are expanded if
     *            not specified
     */
    public void expandProperty(String propertyId, String... subPropertyIds) {
        Set<String> subPropertySet = new HashSet<String>(
                Arrays.asList(subPropertyIds));

        if (0 == subPropertyIds.length) {
            // Enumerate all sub-properties
            Class<?> propertyType = getItemProperty(propertyId).getType();
            Map<String, ?> pds = getPropertyDescriptors(propertyType);
            subPropertySet.addAll(pds.keySet());
        }

        for (String subproperty : subPropertySet) {
            String qualifiedPropertyId = propertyId + "." + subproperty;
            addNestedProperty(qualifiedPropertyId);
        }

        removeItemProperty(propertyId);
    }

    /**
     * Adds a nested property to the item. The property must not exist in the
     * item already and must of form "field1.field2" where field2 is a field in
     * the object referenced to by field1. If an intermediate property returns
     * null, the property will return a null value
     * 
     * @param nestedPropertyId
     *            property id to add.
     */
    public void addNestedProperty(String nestedPropertyId) {
        addItemProperty(nestedPropertyId, new NestedMethodProperty<Object>(
                getBean(), nestedPropertyId));
    }

    /**
     * Gets the underlying JavaBean object.
     * 
     * @return the bean object.
     */
    public BT getBean() {
        return bean;
    }

}