Changed output from Writer to OutputStream to allow for binary output.

Added compression filters for PDF renderer.


git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk@193888 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

41 files changed, 953 insertions, 591 deletions

diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/CommandLine.java b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/CommandLine.java
index 021b70cba..e8b0889d8 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/CommandLine.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/CommandLine.java
@@ -59,14 +59,8 @@ import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
 // Java
-import java.io.FileReader;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.*;
 import java.net.URL;
-import java.io.InputStream;
 
 
 // FOP
@@ -176,7 +170,7 @@ public class CommandLine {
             driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGPropertyListMapping");
             driver.buildFOTree(parser, fileInputSource(foFile));
             driver.format();
-            driver.setWriter(new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(pdfFile)));
+	    driver.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(pdfFile));
             driver.render();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             MessageHandler.errorln("FATAL ERROR: " + e.getMessage());
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/Driver.java b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/Driver.java
index f76b1786c..e9a86c9b4 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/Driver.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/Driver.java
@@ -77,10 +77,8 @@ import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;
 
 // Java
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.File;
+import java.io.*;
+
 
 /**
  * <P>Primary class that drives overall FOP process.
@@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ import java.io.File;
  *   driver.addElementMapping("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGElementMapping");
  *   driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.fo.StandardPropertyListMapping");
  *   driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGPropertyListMapping");
- *   driver.setWriter(new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(args[1])));
+ *   driver.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(args[1]));
  *   driver.buildFOTree(parser, fileInputSource(args[0]));
  *   driver.format();
  *   driver.render();
@@ -131,8 +129,8 @@ public class Driver {
     /** the renderer to use to output the area tree */
     protected Renderer renderer;
 
-    /** the PrintWriter to use to output the results of the renderer */
-    protected PrintWriter writer;
+    /** the stream to use to output the results of the renderer */
+    protected OutputStream stream;
 
     /** If true, full error stacks are reported */
     protected boolean errorDump = false;
@@ -421,13 +419,12 @@ public class Driver {
 
     }
 
-
     /**
-        * set the PrintWriter to use to output the result of the Renderer
-        * (if applicable)
-        */
-    public void setWriter(PrintWriter writer) {
-        this.writer = writer;
+       * set the OutputStream to use to output the result of the Renderer
+       * (if applicable)
+       */
+    public void setOutputStream(OutputStream stream) {
+        this.stream = stream;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -447,7 +444,7 @@ public class Driver {
         * render the area tree to the output form
         */
     public void render() throws IOException, FOPException {
-        this.renderer.render(areaTree, this.writer);
+        this.renderer.render(areaTree, this.stream);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/PrintCommandLine.java b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/PrintCommandLine.java
index 124e0f0eb..199568d13 100755
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/PrintCommandLine.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/PrintCommandLine.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
 import java.awt.Graphics;
 import java.awt.print.*;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public class PrintCommandLine extends CommandLine {
       }
     }
 
-    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
       tree = areaTree;
       if (endNumber == -1) {
         endNumber = tree.getPages().size();
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XTCommandLine.java b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XTCommandLine.java
index b11aed2d4..863f7836c 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XTCommandLine.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XTCommandLine.java
@@ -67,12 +67,7 @@ import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
 // Java
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileReader;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.*;
 import java.net.URL;
 
 /**
@@ -121,7 +116,7 @@ public class XTCommandLine {
 	    driver.addElementMapping("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGElementMapping");
 	    driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.fo.StandardPropertyListMapping");
 	    driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGPropertyListMapping");
-	    driver.setWriter(new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(args[2])));
+	    driver.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(args[2]));
 	    driver.buildFOTree(xslProcessor, fileInputSource(args[0]));
 	    driver.format();
 	    driver.render();
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XalanCommandLine.java b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XalanCommandLine.java
index fc6ad454e..a126e305c 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XalanCommandLine.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/apps/XalanCommandLine.java
@@ -60,16 +60,7 @@ import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
 
 // Java
-import java.io.FileReader;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.StringWriter;
-import java.io.StringReader;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.io.BufferedWriter;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.*;
 import java.net.URL;
 
 // Xalan
@@ -305,9 +296,8 @@ public class XalanCommandLine {
             driver.addElementMapping("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGElementMapping");
             driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.fo.StandardPropertyListMapping");
             driver.addPropertyList("org.apache.fop.svg.SVGPropertyListMapping");
-            PrintWriter pwriter = new PrintWriter(
-                                    new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(pdfFile)));
-            driver.setWriter(pwriter);
+            OutputStream stream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(pdfFile));
+            driver.setOutputStream(stream);
             driver.buildFOTree(parser, new InputSource(reader));
             reader.close();
             driver.format();
@@ -315,8 +305,8 @@ public class XalanCommandLine {
             if (usefile) {
                 new File (pdfFile + ".tmp").delete();
             }
-            pwriter.flush();
-            pwriter.close();
+            stream.flush();
+            stream.close();
         }
         catch (Exception e) {
             MessageHandler.errorln("FATAL ERROR: " + e.getMessage());
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/layout/hyphenation/Hyphenator.java b/src/org/apache/fop/layout/hyphenation/Hyphenator.java
index 73231724d..137707d63 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/layout/hyphenation/Hyphenator.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/layout/hyphenation/Hyphenator.java
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class Hyphenator {
 
         HyphenationTree hTree = getFopHyphenationTree(key);
         if (hTree == null) {
-            String hyphenDir = StandardConfiguration.getStringValue("hyphenation-dir");
+            String hyphenDir = Configuration.getStringValue("hyphenation-dir");
             if (hyphenDir != null){
                 hTree = getUserHyphenationTree(key,hyphenDir);
             }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCII85Filter.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCII85Filter.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..13368c4ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCII85Filter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*-- $Id$ -- 
+
+ ============================================================================
+                   The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
+ ============================================================================
+ 
+    Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+ 
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ 
+ 1. Redistributions of  source code must  retain the above copyright  notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 
+ 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must
+    include  the following  acknowledgment:  "This product includes  software
+    developed  by the  Apache Software Foundation  (http://www.apache.org/)."
+    Alternately, this  acknowledgment may  appear in the software itself,  if
+    and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
+ 
+ 4. The names "Fop" and  "Apache Software Foundation"  must not be used to
+    endorse  or promote  products derived  from this  software without  prior
+    written permission. For written permission, please contact
+    apache@apache.org.
+ 
+ 5. Products  derived from this software may not  be called "Apache", nor may
+    "Apache" appear  in their name,  without prior written permission  of the
+    Apache Software Foundation.
+ 
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
+ INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+ FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.  IN NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
+ APACHE SOFTWARE  FOUNDATION  OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS  BE LIABLE FOR  ANY DIRECT,
+ INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,  EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
+ DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)  HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ ANY  THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,  STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR  OTHERWISE) ARISING IN  ANY WAY OUT OF THE  USE OF
+ THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ 
+ This software  consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
+ on  behalf of the Apache Software  Foundation and was  originally created by
+ James Tauber <jtauber@jtauber.com>. For more  information on the Apache 
+ Software Foundation, please see <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ 
+ */
+package org.apache.fop.pdf;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class ASCII85Filter extends PDFFilter
+{
+    private static final char ASCII85_ZERO = 'z';
+    private static final char ASCII85_START = '!';
+    private static final String ASCII85_EOD   = "~>";
+    
+    private static final long base85_4 = 85;
+    private static final long base85_3 = base85_4 * base85_4;
+    private static final long base85_2 = base85_3 * base85_4;
+    private static final long base85_1 = base85_2 * base85_4;
+    
+
+   
+    public String getName() 
+    {
+	return "/ASCII85Decode";
+    }
+    
+    public String getDecodeParms() 
+    {
+	return null;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] encode(byte[] data) 
+    {
+	
+	StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
+	int i;
+	int total = 0;
+	int diff = 0;
+	
+	for (i = 0; i+3 < data.length; i+=4) {
+	    byte b1 = data[i];
+	    byte b2 = data[i+1];
+	    byte b3 = data[i+2];
+	    byte b4 = data[i+3];
+	    
+	    long val = ((b1 << 24) & 0xff000000L) 
+		+ ((b2 << 16) & 0xff0000L) 
+		+ ((b3 << 8) & 0xff00L) 
+		+ (b4 & 0xffL);
+	    String conv = convertLong(val);
+	    
+	    buffer.append(conv);
+
+	    
+	}
+
+	
+	if (i < data.length) {
+	    int n = data.length - i;
+	    byte b1,b2,b3,b4;
+	    b1 = data[i++];
+	    if (i < data.length) {
+		b2 = data[i++];
+	    }
+	    else {
+		b2 = 0;
+	    }
+	    if (i < data.length) {
+		b3 = data[i++];
+	    }
+	    else {
+		b3 = 0;
+	    }
+	    // assert i = data.length
+	    b4 = 0;
+	   
+	    long val = ((b1 << 24) & 0xff000000L) 
+		+ ((b2 << 16) & 0xff0000L) 
+		+ ((b3 << 8) & 0xff00L) 
+		+ (b4 & 0xffL);
+	    String converted = convertLong(val);
+	    
+	    // special rule for handling zeros at the end
+	    if (val == 0) {
+		converted = "!!!!!";
+	    }
+	    buffer.append(converted.substring(0,n));
+	}
+	buffer.append(ASCII85_EOD);
+	return buffer.toString().getBytes();
+	
+    }
+    
+    private String convertLong(long val) 
+    {
+	val = val & 0xffffffff;
+	if (val < 0) {
+	    val = -val;
+	}
+	
+	if (val == 0) {
+	    return new Character(ASCII85_ZERO).toString();
+	}
+	else {
+	    byte c1 = (byte)((val / base85_1) & 0xFF);
+	    byte c2 = (byte)(((val - (c1 * base85_1)) / base85_2) & 0xFF);
+	    byte c3 = (byte)(((val 
+		       - (c1 * base85_1) 
+		       - (c2 * base85_2) 
+		       ) / base85_3) & 0xFF);
+	    byte c4 = (byte)(((val 
+		       - (c1 * base85_1) 
+		       - (c2 * base85_2)
+		       - (c3 * base85_3)
+		       ) / base85_4) & 0xFF);
+	    byte c5 = (byte)(((val 
+		       - (c1 * base85_1) 
+		       - (c2 * base85_2)
+		       - (c3 * base85_3)
+		       - (c4 * base85_4))) & 0xFF);
+			
+	    char[] ret = {(char)(c1+ASCII85_START),
+			   (char)(c2+ASCII85_START),
+			   (char)(c3+ASCII85_START),
+			   (char)(c4+ASCII85_START),
+			   (char)(c5+ASCII85_START)};
+	    for (int i = 0; i< ret.length; i++) {
+		if (ret[i] < 33 || ret[i] > 117) {
+		    System.out.println("illegal char value "+new Integer(ret[i]));
+		}
+	    }
+	    
+	    return new String(ret);
+	    	    
+	}	
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCIIHexFilter.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCIIHexFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e1a103127
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/ASCIIHexFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*-- $Id$ -- 
+
+ ============================================================================
+                   The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
+ ============================================================================
+ 
+    Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+ 
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ 
+ 1. Redistributions of  source code must  retain the above copyright  notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 
+ 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must
+    include  the following  acknowledgment:  "This product includes  software
+    developed  by the  Apache Software Foundation  (http://www.apache.org/)."
+    Alternately, this  acknowledgment may  appear in the software itself,  if
+    and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
+ 
+ 4. The names "Fop" and  "Apache Software Foundation"  must not be used to
+    endorse  or promote  products derived  from this  software without  prior
+    written permission. For written permission, please contact
+    apache@apache.org.
+ 
+ 5. Products  derived from this software may not  be called "Apache", nor may
+    "Apache" appear  in their name,  without prior written permission  of the
+    Apache Software Foundation.
+ 
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
+ INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+ FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.  IN NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
+ APACHE SOFTWARE  FOUNDATION  OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS  BE LIABLE FOR  ANY DIRECT,
+ INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,  EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
+ DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)  HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ ANY  THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,  STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR  OTHERWISE) ARISING IN  ANY WAY OUT OF THE  USE OF
+ THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ 
+ This software  consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
+ on  behalf of the Apache Software  Foundation and was  originally created by
+ James Tauber <jtauber@jtauber.com>. For more  information on the Apache 
+ Software Foundation, please see <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ 
+ */
+package org.apache.fop.pdf;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class ASCIIHexFilter extends PDFFilter
+{
+    private static final String ASCIIHEX_EOD = ">";
+    
+
+    public String getName() 
+    {
+	return "/ASCIIHexDecode";
+    }
+    
+    public String getDecodeParms() 
+    {
+	return null;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] encode(byte[] data) 
+    {
+	
+	StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
+	for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+	    int val = (int) (data[i] & 0xFF);
+	    if (val < 16) buffer.append("0");
+	    buffer.append(Integer.toHexString(val));
+	}
+	buffer.append(ASCIIHEX_EOD);
+	
+	return buffer.toString().getBytes();
+	
+    }
+    
+}
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/FlateFilter.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/FlateFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3994aecf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/FlateFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*-- $Id$ -- 
+
+ ============================================================================
+                   The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
+ ============================================================================
+ 
+    Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+ 
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ 
+ 1. Redistributions of  source code must  retain the above copyright  notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 
+ 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must
+    include  the following  acknowledgment:  "This product includes  software
+    developed  by the  Apache Software Foundation  (http://www.apache.org/)."
+    Alternately, this  acknowledgment may  appear in the software itself,  if
+    and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
+ 
+ 4. The names "Fop" and  "Apache Software Foundation"  must not be used to
+    endorse  or promote  products derived  from this  software without  prior
+    written permission. For written permission, please contact
+    apache@apache.org.
+ 
+ 5. Products  derived from this software may not  be called "Apache", nor may
+    "Apache" appear  in their name,  without prior written permission  of the
+    Apache Software Foundation.
+ 
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
+ INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+ FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.  IN NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
+ APACHE SOFTWARE  FOUNDATION  OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS  BE LIABLE FOR  ANY DIRECT,
+ INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,  EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
+ DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)  HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ ANY  THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,  STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR  OTHERWISE) ARISING IN  ANY WAY OUT OF THE  USE OF
+ THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ 
+ This software  consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
+ on  behalf of the Apache Software  Foundation and was  originally created by
+ James Tauber <jtauber@jtauber.com>. For more  information on the Apache 
+ Software Foundation, please see <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ 
+ */
+package org.apache.fop.pdf;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.zip.DeflaterOutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * A filter to deflate a stream. Note that the attributes for
+ * prediction, colors, bitsPerComponent, and columns are not supported
+ * when this filter is used to handle the data compression. They are
+ * only valid for externally encoded data such as that from a graphics
+ * file. 
+ */
+public class FlateFilter extends PDFFilter {
+
+    public static final int PREDICTION_NONE = 1;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_TIFF2 = 2;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_NONE = 10;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_SUB  = 11;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_UP   = 12;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_AVG  = 13;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_PAETH= 14;
+    public static final int PREDICTION_PNG_OPT  = 15;
+   
+    
+    private int _predictor = PREDICTION_NONE;
+    private int _colors;
+    private int _bitsPerComponent;
+    private int _columns;
+    
+    public String getName() 
+    {
+	return "/FlateDecode";
+    }
+    
+    public String getDecodeParms() 
+    {
+	if (_predictor > PREDICTION_NONE) {
+	    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+	    sb.append("<< /Predictor ");
+	    sb.append(_predictor);
+	    if (_colors > 0) {
+		sb.append(" /Colors "+_colors);
+	    }
+	    if (_bitsPerComponent > 0) {
+		sb.append(" /BitsPerComponent "+_bitsPerComponent);
+	    }
+	    if (_columns > 0) {
+		sb.append(" /Columns "+_columns);
+	    }
+	    sb.append(" >> ");
+	    return sb.toString();
+	}
+	return null;
+    }
+    
+
+    /**
+     * Encode the given data and return it. Note: a side effect of
+     * this method is that it resets the prediction to the default
+     * because these attributes are not supported. So the DecodeParms
+     * should be retrieved after calling this method.  
+     */
+    public byte[] encode(byte[] data) 
+    {
+	ByteArrayOutputStream outArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+ 	_predictor = PREDICTION_NONE;
+	try {
+ 	    DeflaterOutputStream compressedStream = 
+		new DeflaterOutputStream(outArrayStream);
+	    compressedStream.write(data, 0, data.length);
+ 	    compressedStream.flush();
+ 	    compressedStream.close();
+ 	}
+ 	catch (IOException e) {
+ 	    org.apache.fop.messaging.MessageHandler.error("Fatal error: "+
+							  e.getMessage());
+ 	    e.printStackTrace();
+ 	}
+ 	
+ 	return outArrayStream.toByteArray();
+    }
+    
+    public void setPredictor(int predictor)
+	throws PDFFilterException
+    {
+	_predictor = predictor;
+	
+    }
+
+    public int getPredictor() 
+    {
+	return _predictor;
+    }
+    
+    
+    public void setColors(int colors)
+	throws PDFFilterException
+    {
+	if (_predictor != PREDICTION_NONE) {
+	    _colors = colors;
+	}
+	else {
+	    throw new PDFFilterException
+		("Prediction must not be PREDICTION_NONE in order to set Colors");
+	}
+    }
+
+    public int getColors() 
+    {
+	return _colors;
+    }
+    
+
+    public void setBitsPerComponent(int bits) 
+	throws PDFFilterException
+    {
+	if (_predictor != PREDICTION_NONE) {
+	    _bitsPerComponent = bits;
+	}
+    	else {
+	    throw new PDFFilterException
+		("Prediction must not be PREDICTION_NONE in order to set bitsPerComponent");
+	}
+    }
+
+    public int getBitsPerComponent() 
+    {
+	return _bitsPerComponent;
+    }
+    
+
+    public void setColumns(int columns)
+	throws PDFFilterException
+    {
+	if (_predictor != PREDICTION_NONE) {
+	    _columns = columns;
+	}
+	else {
+	    throw new PDFFilterException
+		("Prediction must not be PREDICTION_NONE in order to set Columns");
+	}
+    }
+
+    public int getColumns() 
+    {
+	return _columns;
+    }
+    
+
+}
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAction.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAction.java
index 238f936d8..cd6e83bde 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAction.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAction.java
@@ -96,6 +96,6 @@ public abstract class PDFAction extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    abstract public String toPDF();
+    abstract public byte[] toPDF();
 
     }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAnnotList.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAnnotList.java
index 66bc79449..058fd0cc6 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAnnotList.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFAnnotList.java
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class PDFAnnotList extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer(this.number + " "
 					  + this.generation
 					  + " obj\n[\n"); 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public class PDFAnnotList extends PDFObject {
 			  links.elementAt(i)).referencePDF() + "\n");
 	}
 	p = p.append("]\nendobj\n");
-	return p.toString();
+	return p.toString().getBytes();
     }
 
     /* example
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFArray.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFArray.java
index 012bd906f..da9a19381 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFArray.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFArray.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class PDFArray extends PDFObject {
 	 *
 	 * @return the PDF
 	 */
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 		StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer();
 		p.append(this.number + " " + this.generation + " obj\n[");
 		for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
@@ -85,6 +85,6 @@ public class PDFArray extends PDFObject {
 			p.append(values[i]);
 		}
 		p.append("]\nendobj\n");
-		return p.toString();
+		return p.toString().getBytes();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFBinaryStream.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFBinaryStream.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3383bfc28..000000000
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFBinaryStream.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-/*
-
- ============================================================================
-						 The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
- ============================================================================
- 
-	 Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
- 
- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
- tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- 
- 1. Redistributions of	source code must	retain the above copyright	notice,
-	 this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- 
- 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-	 this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-	 and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- 
- 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must
-	 include  the following  acknowledgment:	"This product includes	software
-	 developed	by the	Apache Software Foundation	(http://www.apache.org/)."
-	 Alternately, this	acknowledgment may	appear in the software itself,	if
-	 and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
- 
- 4. The names "Fop" and  "Apache Software Foundation"  must not be used to
-	 endorse  or promote  products derived	from this	software without	prior
-	 written permission. For written permission, please contact
-	 apache@apache.org.
- 
- 5. Products  derived from this software may not  be called "Apache", nor may
-	 "Apache" appear	in their name,	without prior written permission  of the
-	 Apache Software Foundation.
- 
- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
- INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
- FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR	PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.	IN NO  EVENT SHALL	THE
- APACHE SOFTWARE	FOUNDATION	OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS	BE LIABLE FOR	ANY DIRECT,
- INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,	EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
- DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT	OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
- OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)	HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
- ANY	THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,	STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
- (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR	OTHERWISE) ARISING IN	ANY WAY OUT OF THE	USE OF
- THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- 
- This software	consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
- on  behalf of the Apache Software	Foundation and was	originally created by
- James Tauber <jtauber@jtauber.com>. For more  information on the Apache 
- Software Foundation, please see <http://www.apache.org/>.
- 
- */
-
-//Author:       Eric SCHAEFFER
-//Description:  Encode a binary stream using PDF filters
-
-package org.apache.fop.pdf;
-
-import org.apache.fop.datatypes.ColorSpace;
-
-// Java
-import java.util.Vector;
-import java.lang.reflect.Array;
-
-import java.io.*;
-
-// compression
-import java.util.zip.Deflater;
-
-public class PDFBinaryStream {
-
-	private byte[] m_data = null;
-	private int m_dataSize = 0;
-	private Vector m_filters = null;
-
-	public PDFBinaryStream() {
-		m_filters = new Vector();
-	}
-
-	public void setData(byte[] data) {
-		this.m_data = data;
-		this.m_dataSize = java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(this.m_data);
-	}
-
-	public void encode(PDFFilter filter) throws PDFFilterException {
-		if (this.m_data == null) throw new PDFFilterException("no data to encode");
-
-		int filterType = filter.getType();
-		if (filterType == PDFFilter.FLATE_DECODE) {
-			Deflater compressor = new Deflater();
-
-			// PDFFilter properties ?
-			compressor.setLevel(Deflater.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION);
-			compressor.setStrategy(Deflater.DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
-
-			compressor.setInput(m_data);
-			compressor.finish();
-			byte[] compMap = new byte[this.m_dataSize];
-			int compSize = compressor.deflate(compMap);
-			compressor.end();
-
-			this.m_data = new byte[compSize];
-			for (int i = 0; i < compSize; i++) {
-				this.m_data[i] = compMap[i];
-			}
-			this.m_dataSize = compSize;
-//			this.m_data = compMap;
-//			this.m_dataSize = java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(this.m_data);
-//		} else if (filterType == PDFFilter.LZW_DECODE) {
-		} else if (filterType == PDFFilter.ASCII_HEX_DECODE) {
-			StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-			for (int i = 0; i < this.m_dataSize; i++) {
-				int val = (int) (this.m_data[i] & 0xFF);
-				if (val < 16) buffer.append("0");
-				buffer.append(Integer.toHexString(val));
-//// TEST ////
-/*
-buffer.append(" ");
-if (i % 75 == 0) buffer.append("\n");
-*/
-//// TEST ////
-			}
-			this.m_data = buffer.toString().getBytes();
-			this.m_dataSize = java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(this.m_data);
-		} else {
-			throw new PDFFilterException("filter not supported");
-		}
-
-		this.m_filters.addElement(filter);
-	}
-
-	public String toPDF() {
-		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-
-		buffer.append("<<\n/Length ");
-		buffer.append(this.m_dataSize);
-		buffer.append("\n");
-		buffer.append("/Filter [");
-		for (int i = this.m_filters.size(); i > 0; i--) {
-			PDFFilter filter = (PDFFilter) this.m_filters.elementAt(i - 1);
-			buffer.append(filter.toPDF());
-			if (i > 1) buffer.append(" ");
-		}
-		buffer.append("]\n");
-		buffer.append(">>\n");
-
-		buffer.append("stream\n");
-		buffer.append(this.m_data);
-		buffer.append("\nendstream\n");
-
-		return buffer.toString();
-	}
-
-	public String getPDFDictionary() {
-		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-
-		buffer.append("/Length ");
-//// TEST ////
-		buffer.append(this.m_dataSize);
-//		buffer.append(this.m_dataSize + 1);
-//// TEST ////
-		buffer.append("\n");
-		if (this.m_filters.size() > 0) {
-			buffer.append("/Filter [");
-			for (int i = this.m_filters.size(); i > 0; i--) {
-				PDFFilter filter = (PDFFilter) this.m_filters.elementAt(i - 1);
-				buffer.append(filter.toPDF());
-				if (i > 1) buffer.append(" ");
-			}
-			buffer.append("]\n");
-		}
-
-		return buffer.toString();
-	}
-
-	public String getPDFStream() {
-		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-
-		buffer.append("stream\n");
-		buffer.append(this.m_data);
-//// TEST ////
-//		buffer.append(">");
-//// TEST ////
-		buffer.append("\nendstream\n");
-
-		return buffer.toString();
-	}
-
-	public int outputPDFStream(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
-		int length = 0;
-		String p;
-
-		p = new String("stream\n");
-		writer.write(p);
-		length += p.length();
-
-/*
-		for (int i = 0; i < this.m_dataSize; i++) {
-			writer.write(Byte.toString(this.m_data[i]));
-		}
-*/
-		writer.write(new String(this.m_data));
-		length += this.m_dataSize;
-//// TEST ////
-//		writer.write(">");
-//		length += (new String(">")).length();
-//// TEST ////
-
-		p = new String("\nendstream\n");
-		writer.write(p);
-		length += p.length();
-
-		return length;
-	}
-
-}
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFColor.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFColor.java
index 66bb33b75..a7e58cb1b 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFColor.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFColor.java
@@ -375,9 +375,9 @@ public class PDFColor extends PDFPathPaint {
 		
 	}
 	
-	String toPDF()
+	byte[] toPDF()
 	{
-		return ("");
+		return (new byte[0]);
 
 	} //end of toPDF
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFDocument.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFDocument.java
index a259238a2..c69556046 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFDocument.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFDocument.java
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ import org.apache.fop.layout.FontMetric;
 import org.apache.fop.layout.FontDescriptor;
 // Java
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.Vector;
 import java.util.Hashtable;
 import java.util.Enumeration;
@@ -914,10 +914,13 @@ public class PDFDocument {
         /* create a PDFStream with the next object number and add it
     
            to the list of objects */
-        PDFStream obj = new PDFStream(++this.objectcount);
+	PDFStream obj = new PDFStream(++this.objectcount);
+	obj.addDefaultFilters();
+		
         this.objects.addElement(obj);
         return obj;
     }
+	    
 
     /**
      * make an annotation list object
@@ -945,13 +948,13 @@ public class PDFDocument {
     /**
      * write the entire document out
      *
-     * @param writer the PrinterWriter to output the document to
+     * @param writer the OutputStream to output the document to
      */
-    public void output(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+    public void output(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
 
         /* output the header and increment the character position by
            the header's length */
-        this.position += outputHeader(writer);
+        this.position += outputHeader(stream);
 
         this.resources.setXObjects(xObjects);
 
@@ -967,36 +970,44 @@ public class PDFDocument {
 
             /* output the object and increment the character position
                by the object's length */
-            this.position += object.output(writer);
+            this.position += object.output(stream);
         }
 
         /* output the xref table and increment the character position
            by the table's length */
-        this.position += outputXref(writer);
+        this.position += outputXref(stream);
 
-        /* output the trailer and flush the Writer */
-        outputTrailer(writer);
-        writer.flush();
+        /* output the trailer and flush the Stream */
+        outputTrailer(stream);
+        stream.flush();
     }
 
     /**
      * write the PDF header
      *
-     * @param writer the PrintWriter to write the header to
-     * @return the number of characters written
+     * @param stream the OutputStream to write the header to
+     * @return the number of bytes written
      */
-    protected int outputHeader(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
-        String pdf = "%PDF-" + this.pdfVersion + "\n";
-        writer.write(pdf);
-        return pdf.length();
+    protected int outputHeader(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
+	int length = 0;
+	byte[] pdf = ("%PDF-" + this.pdfVersion + "\n").getBytes();
+	stream.write(pdf);
+	length += pdf.length;
+	
+	// output a binary comment as recommended by the PDF spec (3.4.1)
+	byte[] bin = {(byte)'%', (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAB, (byte)0xAC, (byte)0xAD, (byte)'\n'};
+	stream.write(bin);
+	length += bin.length;
+	
+	return length;
     }
 
     /**
      * write the trailer
      *
-     * @param writer the PrintWriter to write the trailer to
+     * @param stream the OutputStream to write the trailer to
      */
-    protected void outputTrailer(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+    protected void outputTrailer(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
 
         /* construct the trailer */
         String pdf = "trailer\n<<\n/Size " + (this.objectcount+1)
@@ -1006,16 +1017,16 @@ public class PDFDocument {
         + "\n%%EOF\n";
 
         /* write the trailer */
-        writer.write(pdf);
+        stream.write(pdf.getBytes());
     }
 
     /**
      * write the xref table
      *
-     * @param writer the PrintWriter to write the xref table to
+     * @param stream the OutputStream to write the xref table to
      * @return the number of characters written
      */
-    private int outputXref(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+    private int outputXref(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
 
         /* remember position of xref table */
         this.xref = this.position;
@@ -1037,8 +1048,9 @@ public class PDFDocument {
         }
 
         /* write the xref table and return the character length */
-        writer.write(pdf.toString());
-        return pdf.length();
+	byte[] pdfBytes = pdf.toString().getBytes();
+	stream.write(pdfBytes);
+        return pdfBytes.length;
     }    
 
     public void setIDReferences(IDReferences idReferences){
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFEncoding.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFEncoding.java
index f5ed80a47..ad937f417 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFEncoding.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFEncoding.java
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public class PDFEncoding extends PDFObject {
 	 *
 	 * @return the PDF
 	 */
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 		StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer();
 		p.append(this.number + " " + this.generation
 				+ " obj\n<< /Type /Encoding");
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public class PDFEncoding extends PDFObject {
 			p.append(" ]");
 		}
 		p.append(" >>\nendobj\n");
-		return p.toString();
+		return p.toString().getBytes();
 	}
 	/* example (p. 214)
 		25 0 obj
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFileSpec.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFileSpec.java
index f588b9c40..fdfd0ea1c 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFileSpec.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFileSpec.java
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ public class PDFFileSpec extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = new String(this.number + " " + this.generation +
 			      " obj\n<<\n/Type /FileSpec\n" +
 			      "/F (" + this.filename + ")\n" + 
 			      ">>\nendobj\n"); 
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 
     /* example
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFilter.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFilter.java
index b0adc29c0..5783b829b 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFilter.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFilter.java
@@ -1,236 +1,107 @@
-/*
+/*-- $Id$ -- 
 
  ============================================================================
-						 The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
+                   The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
  ============================================================================
  
-	 Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+    Copyright (C) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
  
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
  tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  
- 1. Redistributions of	source code must	retain the above copyright	notice,
-	 this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 1. Redistributions of  source code must  retain the above copyright  notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  
  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-	 this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-	 and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  
  3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must
-	 include  the following  acknowledgment:	"This product includes	software
-	 developed	by the	Apache Software Foundation	(http://www.apache.org/)."
-	 Alternately, this	acknowledgment may	appear in the software itself,	if
-	 and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
+    include  the following  acknowledgment:  "This product includes  software
+    developed  by the  Apache Software Foundation  (http://www.apache.org/)."
+    Alternately, this  acknowledgment may  appear in the software itself,  if
+    and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
  
  4. The names "Fop" and  "Apache Software Foundation"  must not be used to
-	 endorse  or promote  products derived	from this	software without	prior
-	 written permission. For written permission, please contact
-	 apache@apache.org.
+    endorse  or promote  products derived  from this  software without  prior
+    written permission. For written permission, please contact
+    apache@apache.org.
  
  5. Products  derived from this software may not  be called "Apache", nor may
-	 "Apache" appear	in their name,	without prior written permission  of the
-	 Apache Software Foundation.
+    "Apache" appear  in their name,  without prior written permission  of the
+    Apache Software Foundation.
  
  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
  INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
- FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR	PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.	IN NO  EVENT SHALL	THE
- APACHE SOFTWARE	FOUNDATION	OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS	BE LIABLE FOR	ANY DIRECT,
- INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,	EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
- DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT	OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
- OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)	HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
- ANY	THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,	STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
- (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR	OTHERWISE) ARISING IN	ANY WAY OUT OF THE	USE OF
+ FITNESS  FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE ARE  DISCLAIMED.  IN NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
+ APACHE SOFTWARE  FOUNDATION  OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS  BE LIABLE FOR  ANY DIRECT,
+ INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,  EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES (INCLU-
+ DING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT  OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ OF USE, DATA, OR  PROFITS; OR BUSINESS  INTERRUPTION)  HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ ANY  THEORY OF LIABILITY,  WHETHER  IN CONTRACT,  STRICT LIABILITY,  OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR  OTHERWISE) ARISING IN  ANY WAY OUT OF THE  USE OF
  THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  
- This software	consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
- on  behalf of the Apache Software	Foundation and was	originally created by
+ This software  consists of voluntary contributions made  by many individuals
+ on  behalf of the Apache Software  Foundation and was  originally created by
  James Tauber <jtauber@jtauber.com>. For more  information on the Apache 
  Software Foundation, please see <http://www.apache.org/>.
  
-*/
-
-//Author:       Eric SCHAEFFER
-//Description:  represent a PDF filter object
-
-package org.apache.fop.pdf;
-
-public class PDFFilter {
-	public static int ASCII_HEX_DECODE = 1;
-	public static int ASCII_85_DECODE = 2;
-	public static int LZW_DECODE = 3;
-	public static int RUN_LENGTH_DECODE = 4;
-	public static int CCITT_FAX_DECODE = 5;
-	public static int DCT_DECODE = 6;
-	public static int FLATE_DECODE = 7;
-
-	// Filter type
-	private int m_filterType;
-
-	// Properties
-
-	// LZW - Flat
-	private Integer m_predictor = null;
-	// LZW - Flat - CCITT
-	private Integer m_columns = null;
-	// LZW - Flat
-	private Integer m_colors = null;
-	// LZW - Flat
-	private Integer m_bitsPerComponent = null;
-	// LZW
-	private Integer m_earlyChange = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Integer m_k = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Boolean m_endOfLine = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Boolean m_encodedByteAlign = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Integer m_rows = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Boolean m_endOfBlock = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Boolean m_blackls1 = null;
-	// CCITT
-	private Integer m_damagedRowsBeforeError = null;
-
-	public PDFFilter(int filter) throws PDFFilterException {
-		if (	(filter != ASCII_HEX_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != ASCII_85_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != LZW_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != RUN_LENGTH_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != CCITT_FAX_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != DCT_DECODE) &&
-				(filter != FLATE_DECODE)
-				) {
-			throw new PDFFilterException("Filter type not supported");
-		}
-		this.m_filterType = filter;
-	}
-
-	public int getType() {
-		return this.m_filterType;
-	}
-
-	public void setPredictor(Integer value) throws PDFFilterException {
-		if ((this.m_filterType != LZW_DECODE) && (this.m_filterType != FLATE_DECODE)) {
-			throw new PDFFilterException("No Predictor property for this filter");
-		}
 
-		this.m_predictor = value;
-	}
-
-	public Integer getPredictor() throws PDFFilterException {
-		if ((this.m_filterType != LZW_DECODE) && (this.m_filterType != FLATE_DECODE)) {
-			throw new PDFFilterException("No Predictor property for this filter");
-		}
-
-		return this.m_predictor;
-	}
-
-// ... etc ... 
-
-	public String toPDF() {
-		String pdf = null;
-/*
-	public static int DCT_DECODE = 6;
 */
-		if (this.m_filterType == ASCII_HEX_DECODE) {
-			pdf = "/ASCIIHexDecode";
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == ASCII_85_DECODE) {
-			pdf = "/ASCI85Decode";
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == LZW_DECODE) {
-			StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-			buffer.append("/LZWDecode");
-
-			if (this.m_predictor != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Predictor ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_predictor);
-			}
-			if (this.m_columns != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Columns ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_columns);
-			}
-			if (this.m_colors != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Colors ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_colors);
-			}
-			if (this.m_bitsPerComponent != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /BitsPerComponent ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_bitsPerComponent);
-			}
-			if (this.m_earlyChange != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /EarlyChange ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_earlyChange);
-			}
-
-			pdf = buffer.toString();
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == FLATE_DECODE) {
-			StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-			buffer.append("/FlateDecode");
 
-			if (this.m_predictor != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Predictor ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_predictor);
-			}
-			if (this.m_columns != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Columns ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_columns);
-			}
-			if (this.m_colors != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Colors ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_colors);
-			}
-			if (this.m_bitsPerComponent != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /BitsPerComponent ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_bitsPerComponent);
-			}
 
-			pdf = buffer.toString();
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == RUN_LENGTH_DECODE) {
-			pdf = "/RunLengthDecode";
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == CCITT_FAX_DECODE) {
-			StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
-			buffer.append("/CCITTFaxDecode");
-
-			if (this.m_k != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /K ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_k);
-			}
-			if (this.m_endOfLine != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /EndOfLine ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_endOfLine);
-			}
-			if (this.m_encodedByteAlign != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /EncodedByteAlign ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_encodedByteAlign);
-			}
-			if (this.m_columns != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Columns ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_columns);
-			}
-			if (this.m_rows != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Rows ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_rows);
-			}
-			if (this.m_endOfBlock != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /EndOfBlock ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_endOfBlock);
-			}
-			if (this.m_blackls1 != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /Blackls1 ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_blackls1);
-			}
-			if (this.m_damagedRowsBeforeError != null) {
-				buffer.append(" /DamagedRowsBeforeError ");
-				buffer.append(this.m_damagedRowsBeforeError);
-			}
-
-			pdf = buffer.toString();
-		} else if (this.m_filterType == DCT_DECODE) {
-			pdf = "/DCTDecode";
-		}
+//Author:       Eric SCHAEFFER, Kelly A. Campbell
+//Description:  represent a PDF filter object
 
-		return pdf;
-	}
+package org.apache.fop.pdf;
 
+public abstract class PDFFilter {
+    /* These are no longer needed, but are here as a reminder about what 
+       filters pdf supports.
+
+	public static final int ASCII_HEX_DECODE = 1;
+	public static final int ASCII_85_DECODE = 2;
+	public static final int LZW_DECODE = 3;
+	public static final int RUN_LENGTH_DECODE = 4;
+	public static final int CCITT_FAX_DECODE = 5;
+	public static final int DCT_DECODE = 6;
+	public static final int FLATE_DECODE = 7;
+
+    */
+
+    /** Marker to know if this filter has already been applied to the data */
+    private boolean _applied = false;
+    
+    public boolean isApplied() 
+    {
+	return _applied;
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * Set the applied attribute to the given value. This attribute is
+     * used to determine if this filter is just a placeholder for the
+     * decodeparms and dictionary entries, or if the filter needs to
+     * actually encode the data. For example if the raw data is copied
+     * out of an image file in it's compressed format, then this
+     * should be set to true and the filter options should be set to
+     * those which the raw data was encoded with.  
+     */
+    public void setApplied(boolean b) 
+    {
+	_applied = b;
+    }
+    
+    
+    /** return a PDF string representation of the filter, e.g. /FlateDecode */
+    public abstract String getName();
+    
+    /** return a parameter dictionary for this filter, or null */
+    public abstract String getDecodeParms();
+     
+    /** encode the given data with the filter */
+    public abstract byte[] encode(byte[] data);
+    
+ 
+    
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFont.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFont.java
index a1226bb19..9b11c5f02 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFont.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFont.java
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ public class PDFFont extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
         StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer();
         p.append(this.number + " " + this.generation
                 + " obj\n<< /Type /Font\n/Subtype /" + TYPE_NAMES[this.subtype]
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ public class PDFFont extends PDFObject {
         }
         fillInPDF(p);
         p.append(" >>\nendobj\n");
-        return p.toString();
+        return p.toString().getBytes();
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFontDescriptor.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFontDescriptor.java
index 3f9f38d45..23c6a60f9 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFontDescriptor.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFontDescriptor.java
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public class PDFFontDescriptor extends PDFObject {
 	 *
 	 * @return the PDF
 	 */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 		StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer(
 				this.number + " " + this.generation
 				+ " obj\n<< /Type /FontDescriptor"
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public class PDFFontDescriptor extends PDFObject {
 		// CID optional field
 		fillInPDF(p);
 		p.append("\n >>\nendobj\n");
-		return p.toString();
+		return p.toString().getBytes();
     }
 
 	/**
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFunction.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFunction.java
index 674c86761..848166fe5 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFunction.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFFunction.java
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ public class PDFFunction extends PDFObject {
 	  * 
 	  * @return the PDF string.
 	  */ 
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 		int vectorSize=0;
 		int numberOfFunctions=0;
 		int tempInt=0;
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ public class PDFFunction extends PDFObject {
 			
 		}
 		
-		return (p.toString());
+		return (p.toString().getBytes());
 		
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoTo.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoTo.java
index 0a8c1aae3..60862d024 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoTo.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoTo.java
@@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ public class PDFGoTo extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = new String(this.number + " " + this.generation +
 			      " obj\n<<\n/S /GoTo\n" +
 			      "/D [" + this.pageReference + " /XYZ "+xPosition+" "+yPosition+" null]\n" + 
 			      ">>\nendobj\n"); 
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 
     /* example
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoToRemote.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoToRemote.java
index 917aa4380..9164186f2 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoToRemote.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFGoToRemote.java
@@ -88,14 +88,14 @@ public class PDFGoToRemote extends PDFAction {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = new String(this.number + " " + this.generation +
 			      " obj\n" +
 			      "<<\n/S /GoToR\n" +
 			      "/F " + pdfFileSpec.referencePDF() + "\n" +
 			      "/D [ 0 /XYZ null null null ]" +
 			      " \n>>\nendobj\n"); 
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 
     
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInfo.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInfo.java
index 89f8b3ec7..ad9aba808 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInfo.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInfo.java
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ public class PDFInfo extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation
 	    + " obj\n<< /Type /Info\n/Producer (" + this.producer
 	    + ") >>\nendobj\n";
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInternalLink.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInternalLink.java
index f4405464c..d715b91c3 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInternalLink.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFInternalLink.java
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ public class PDFInternalLink extends PDFAction {
      *
      * @return an empty string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {	
-	return "";
+    public byte[] toPDF() {	
+	return new byte[0];
     } 
     
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFLink.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFLink.java
index 2fc56e675..b8caaae86 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFLink.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFLink.java
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public class PDFLink extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation + " obj\n" +
 	    "<< /Type /Annot\n" +
 	    "/Subtype /Link\n" +
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class PDFLink extends PDFObject {
 	    "/Border [ 0 0 0 ]\n" +
 	    "/A " + this.action.getAction() + "\n" +
 	    "/H /I\n>>\nendobj\n";
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 
     /* example
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFObject.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFObject.java
index 3bf9ab6e7..573923a6f 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFObject.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFObject.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ package org.apache.fop.pdf;
 
 // Java
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 
 /**
  * generic PDF object.
@@ -89,13 +89,13 @@ public abstract class PDFObject {
     /**
      * write the PDF represention of this object
      *
-     * @param writer the PrintWriter to write the PDF to
-     * @return the number of characters written
+     * @param stream the stream to write the PDF to
+     * @return the number of bytes written
      */
-    protected int output(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
-	String pdf = this.toPDF();
-	writer.write(pdf);
-	return pdf.length();
+    protected int output(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
+	byte[] pdf = this.toPDF();
+	stream.write(pdf);
+	return pdf.length;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -113,5 +113,5 @@ public abstract class PDFObject {
      *
      * @return PDF string
      */
-    abstract String toPDF();
+    abstract byte[] toPDF();
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPage.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPage.java
index c3cfc6326..e6838c1fd 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPage.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPage.java
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public class PDFPage extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
 
 	sb = sb.append(this.number + " " + this.generation + " obj\n" +
@@ -155,6 +155,6 @@ public class PDFPage extends PDFObject {
 
 	sb = sb.append(">>\nendobj\n");
 
-	return sb.toString();
+	return sb.toString().getBytes();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPages.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPages.java
index b707660dc..3c099dacb 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPages.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPages.java
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public class PDFPages extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer(this.number + " "
 					  + this.generation
 					  + " obj\n<< /Type /Pages\n/Count " 
@@ -125,6 +125,6 @@ public class PDFPages extends PDFObject {
 	    p = p.append(((PDFObject)kids.elementAt(i)).referencePDF() + " ");
 	}
 	p = p.append("] >>\nendobj\n");
-	return p.toString();
+	return p.toString().getBytes();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPattern.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPattern.java
index a5b9d5f1a..02055358e 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPattern.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFPattern.java
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public class PDFPattern extends PDFPathPaint {
 	  *
 	  * @return the PDF string.
 	  */
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 
 
 		int vectorSize=0;
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ public class PDFPattern extends PDFPathPaint {
 
 		
 
-		return (p.toString());
+		return (p.toString().getBytes());
 
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRectangle.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRectangle.java
index 5c5a563d6..d0efca90a 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRectangle.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRectangle.java
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public class PDFRectangle {
 	 *
 	 * @return the PDF
 	 */
-    public String toPDF() {
-		return " [" + llx + " " + lly + " " + urx + " " + ury + "] ";
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
+		return (" [" + llx + " " + lly + " " + urx + " " + ury + "] ").getBytes();
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFResources.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFResources.java
index 30ee840dd..b4612b704 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFResources.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFResources.java
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public class PDFResources extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF
      */
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 		StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer(this.number + " "
 						+ this.generation
 						+ " obj\n<< \n");
@@ -187,6 +187,6 @@ public class PDFResources extends PDFObject {
 
 		p = p.append(">> \nendobj\n");
 
-		return p.toString();
+		return p.toString().getBytes();
 	}    
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRoot.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRoot.java
index a1f309a31..92a8a7839 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRoot.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFRoot.java
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ public class PDFRoot extends PDFObject {
      *
      * @return the PDF string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
 	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation
 	    + " obj\n<< /Type /Catalog\n/Pages " 
 	    + this.rootPages.referencePDF() + " >>\nendobj\n";
-	return p;
+	return p.getBytes();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFShading.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFShading.java
index 948b92798..a9aeea1cf 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFShading.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFShading.java
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ public class PDFShading extends PDFObject {
 	  * 
 	  * @return the PDF string.
 	  */ 
-	public String toPDF() {
+	public byte[] toPDF() {
 		int vectorSize;
 		int tempInt;
 		StringBuffer p = new StringBuffer();
@@ -591,6 +591,6 @@ public class PDFShading extends PDFObject {
 
 		p.append(">> \nendobj\n");
 	
-		return(p.toString());
+		return(p.toString().getBytes());
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFStream.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFStream.java
index f1e1ca76f..4ac8b75e2 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFStream.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFStream.java
@@ -50,6 +50,14 @@
  */
 package org.apache.fop.pdf;
 
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Vector;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import org.apache.fop.configuration.Configuration;
+import org.apache.fop.messaging.MessageHandler;
+
 /**
  * class representing a PDF stream.
  * 
@@ -61,8 +69,11 @@ package org.apache.fop.pdf;
 public class PDFStream extends PDFObject {
 
     /** the stream of PDF commands */
-    protected StringBuffer data = new StringBuffer();
+    private ByteArrayOutputStream _data;
 
+    /** the filters that should be applied */
+    private Vector _filters;
+    
     /**
      * create an empty stream object
      *
@@ -70,6 +81,8 @@ public class PDFStream extends PDFObject {
      */
     public PDFStream(int number) {
 	super(number);
+	_data = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+	_filters = new Vector();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -78,8 +91,71 @@ public class PDFStream extends PDFObject {
      * @param s the string of PDF to add
      */
     public void add(String s) {
-	this.data = this.data.append(s);
+	try {
+	    _data.write(s.getBytes());
+	}
+	catch (IOException ex) {
+	    ex.printStackTrace();
+	}
+	
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a filter for compression of the stream. Filters are
+     * applied in the order they are added. This should always be a 
+     * new instance of the particular filter of choice. The applied
+     * flag in the filter is marked true after it has been applied to the
+     * data.
+     */
+    public void addFilter(PDFFilter filter) 
+    {
+	if (filter != null) {
+	    _filters.add(filter);
+	}
+
+    }
+
+    public void addFilter(String filterType) 
+    {
+	if (filterType.equals("flate")) {
+	    addFilter(new FlateFilter());
+	}
+	else if (filterType.equals("ascii-85")) {
+	    addFilter(new ASCII85Filter());
+	}
+	else if (filterType.equals("ascii-hex")) {
+	    addFilter(new ASCIIHexFilter());
+	}
+	else {
+	    MessageHandler.errorln("Unsupported filter type in stream-filter-list: "+filterType);
+	}
+    }
+    
+
+    protected void addDefaultFilters() 
+    {
+	Vector filters = Configuration.getListValue("stream-filter-list",
+						    Configuration.PDF);
+	if (filters == null) {
+	    // try getting it as a String
+	    String filter = Configuration.getStringValue("stream-filter-list",
+							 Configuration.PDF);
+	    if (filter == null) {
+		// built-in default to flate
+		addFilter(new FlateFilter());
+	    }
+	    else {
+		addFilter(filter);
+	    }
+	}
+	else {
+	    for (int i=0; i < filters.size(); i++) {
+		String v = (String)filters.elementAt(i);
+		addFilter(v);
+	    }
+	}
     }
+    
 
     /**
      * append an array of xRGB pixels, ASCII Hex Encoding it first
@@ -89,39 +165,204 @@ public class PDFStream extends PDFObject {
      * @param height the height of the image in pixels
      */
     public void addImageArray(int[] pixels, int width, int height) {
-	for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
-	    for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
-		int p = pixels[i * width + j];
-		int r = (p >> 16) & 0xFF;
-		int g = (p >>  8) & 0xFF;
-		int b = (p      ) & 0xFF;
-		if (r < 16) {
-		    this.data = this.data.append(0);
-		}
-		this.data = this.data.append(Integer.toHexString(r));
-		if (g < 16) {
-		    this.data = this.data.append(0);
+	try {
+	    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
+		for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
+		    int p = pixels[i * width + j];
+		    int r = (p >> 16) & 0xFF;
+		    int g = (p >>  8) & 0xFF;
+		    int b = (p      ) & 0xFF;
+		    if (r < 16) {
+			_data.write('0');
+		    }
+		    _data.write(Integer.toHexString(r).getBytes());
+		    if (g < 16) {
+			_data.write('0');
+		    }
+		    _data.write(Integer.toHexString(g).getBytes());
+		    if (b < 16) {
+			_data.write('0');
+		    }
+		    _data.write(Integer.toHexString(b).getBytes());
+		    _data.write(' ');
 		}
-		this.data = this.data.append(Integer.toHexString(g));
-		if (b < 16) {
-		    this.data = this.data.append(0);
-		}
-		this.data = this.data.append(Integer.toHexString(b));
-		this.data = this.data.append(" ");
 	    }
+	    _data.write(">\n".getBytes());
+	}
+	catch (IOException ex) {
+	    ex.printStackTrace();
 	}
-	this.data = this.data.append(">\n");
+	
     }
 
+    public void setData(byte[] data) 
+	throws IOException
+    {
+	_data.reset();
+	_data.write(data);
+    }
+    
+    public byte[] getData() 
+    {
+	return _data.toByteArray();
+    }
+    
+    public int getDataLength() 
+    {
+	return _data.size();
+    }
+    
+    
+
     /**
      * represent as PDF.
      *
      * @return the PDF string.
      */ 
-    public String toPDF() {
-	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation
-	    + " obj\n<< /Length " + (this.data.length()+1)
-	    + " >>\nstream\n" + this.data + "\nendstream\nendobj\n";
-	return p;
+    /*
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
+	byte[] d = _data.toByteArray();
+	ByteArrayOutputStream s = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+       	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation
+	    + " obj\n<< /Length " + (d.length+1)
+	    + " >>\nstream\n";
+	s.write(p.getBytes());
+	s.write(d);
+	s.write("\nendstream\nendobj\n".getBytes());
+	return s.toByteArray();
+    }
+    */
+    public byte[] toPDF() {
+	throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+    
+
+    // overload the base object method so we don't have to copy 
+    // byte arrays around so much
+    protected int output(OutputStream stream) throws IOException 
+    {
+	int length = 0;
+	String filterEntry = applyFilters();
+	byte[] p = (this.number + " " + this.generation
+		    + " obj\n<< /Length " + (_data.size()+1) + " "
+		    + filterEntry + " >>\n").getBytes();
+	
+	stream.write(p);
+	length += p.length;
+	length += outputStreamData(stream);
+	p = "endobj\n".getBytes();
+	stream.write(p);
+	length += p.length;
+	return length;
+	
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Output just the stream data enclosed by stream/endstream markers
+     */
+    protected int outputStreamData(OutputStream stream) throws IOException
+    {
+	int length = 0;
+	byte[] p ="stream\n".getBytes();
+	stream.write(p);
+	length += p.length;
+	_data.writeTo(stream);
+	length += _data.size();
+	p = "\nendstream\n".getBytes();
+	stream.write(p);
+	length += p.length;
+	return length;
+	
     }
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * Apply the filters to the data
+     * in the order given and return the /Filter and /DecodeParms
+     * entries for the stream dictionary. If the filters have already
+     * been applied to the data (either externally, or internally)
+     * then the dictionary entries are built and returned.
+     */
+    protected String applyFilters() throws IOException
+    {
+	if (_filters.size() > 0) {
+	    Vector names = new Vector();
+	    Vector parms = new Vector();
+	    
+	    // run the filters
+	    Enumeration e = _filters.elements();
+	    while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+		PDFFilter filter = (PDFFilter)e.nextElement();
+		// apply the filter encoding if neccessary
+		if (!filter.isApplied()) {
+		    byte[] tmp = filter.encode(_data.toByteArray());
+		    _data.reset();
+		    _data.write(tmp);
+		    filter.setApplied(true);
+		}
+		// place the names in our local vector in reverse order
+		names.add(0, filter.getName()); 
+		parms.add(0, filter.getDecodeParms());
+	    }
+	    	    
+	    // now build up the filter entries for the dictionary
+	    return buildFilterEntries(names) + buildDecodeParms(parms);
+	}    
+	return "";
+	
+    }
+    
+    private String buildFilterEntries(Vector names) 
+    {
+	StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+	sb.append("/Filter ");
+	if (names.size() > 1) {
+	    sb.append("[ ");
+	}
+	Enumeration e = names.elements();
+	while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+	    sb.append((String)e.nextElement());
+	    sb.append(" ");
+	}
+	if (names.size() > 1) {
+	    sb.append("]");
+	}
+	sb.append("\n");
+	return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    private String buildDecodeParms(Vector parms) 
+    {
+	StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+	boolean needParmsEntry = false;
+	sb.append("/DecodeParms ");
+	
+	if (parms.size() > 1) {
+	    sb.append("[ ");
+	}
+	Enumeration e = parms.elements();
+	while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
+	    String s = (String)e.nextElement();
+	    if (s != null) {
+		sb.append(s);
+		needParmsEntry = true;
+	    }
+	    else {
+		sb.append("null");
+	    }
+	    sb.append(" ");
+	}
+	if (parms.size() > 1) {
+	    sb.append("]");
+	}
+	sb.append("\n");
+	if (needParmsEntry) {
+	    return sb.toString();
+	}
+	else {
+	    return "";
+	}
+    }
+    
+
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFUri.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFUri.java
index 4c8cf7039..9709fa684 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFUri.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFUri.java
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ public class PDFUri extends PDFAction {
      *
      * @return an empty string
      */
-    public String toPDF() {	
-	return "";
+    public byte[] toPDF() {	
+	return new byte[0];
     } 
     
 }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFXObject.java b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFXObject.java
index 039f28ea1..0009c75fe 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFXObject.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/pdf/PDFXObject.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ package org.apache.fop.pdf;
 // Java
 import java.io.IOException;
 import org.apache.fop.messaging.MessageHandler;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 
 // FOP
 import org.apache.fop.datatypes.ColorSpace;
@@ -98,21 +98,24 @@ public class PDFXObject extends PDFObject {
     /**
      * represent as PDF
      */
-    protected int output(PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+    protected int output(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
 	int length=0;
 	int i=0;
 	int x,y;
 
 	try {
-		PDFBinaryStream imgStream = new PDFBinaryStream();
+	    // delegate the stream work to PDFStream
+	    PDFStream imgStream = new PDFStream(0);
+	    
 		imgStream.setData(fopimage.getBitmaps());
-		imgStream.encode(new PDFFilter(PDFFilter.FLATE_DECODE));
-		imgStream.encode(new PDFFilter(PDFFilter.ASCII_HEX_DECODE));
+		imgStream.addFilter(new FlateFilter());
+		String dictEntries = imgStream.applyFilters();
 
 		String p = this.number + " " + this.generation + " obj\n";
 		p = p + "<</Type /XObject\n";
 		p = p + "/Subtype /Image\n";
 		p = p + "/Name /Im" + Xnum + "\n";
+		p = p + "/Length " + imgStream.getDataLength();
 		p = p + "/Width " + fopimage.getWidth() + "\n";
 		p = p + "/Height " + fopimage.getHeight() + "\n";
 		p = p + "/BitsPerComponent " + fopimage.getBitsPerPixel() + "\n";
@@ -122,30 +125,30 @@ public class PDFXObject extends PDFObject {
 			PDFColor transp = fopimage.getTransparentColor();
 			p = p + "/Mask [" + transp.red255() + " " + transp.red255() + " " + transp.green255() + " " + transp.green255() + " " + transp.blue255() + " " + transp.blue255() + "]\n";
 		}
-		p = p + imgStream.getPDFDictionary();
+		p = p + dictEntries;
 		p = p + ">>\n";
 
 		// don't know if it's the good place (other objects can have references to it)
 		fopimage.close();
 
 		// push the pdf dictionary on the writer
-		writer.write(p);
-		length += p.length();
+		byte[] pdfBytes = p.getBytes();
+		stream.write(pdfBytes);
+		length += pdfBytes.length;
 		// push all the image data on  the writer and takes care of length for trailer
-		length += imgStream.outputPDFStream(writer);
+		length += imgStream.outputStreamData(stream);
 
-		p = "endobj\n";
-		writer.write(p);
-		length += p.length();
+		pdfBytes = ("endobj\n").getBytes();
+		stream.write(pdfBytes);
+		length += pdfBytes.length;
 	} catch (FopImageException imgex) {
-MessageHandler.errorln("Error in XObject : " + imgex.getMessage());
-	} catch (PDFFilterException filterex) {
-MessageHandler.errorln("Error in XObject : " + filterex.getMessage());
+	    MessageHandler.errorln("Error in XObject : " + imgex.getMessage());
 	}
+
 	return length;
     }
     
-    String toPDF() {
+    byte[] toPDF() {
 /* Not used any more
 	String p = this.number + " " + this.generation + " obj\n";
 	p = p + "<</Type /XObject\n";
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/render/Renderer.java b/src/org/apache/fop/render/Renderer.java
index 8afac542d..b78ca0d7a 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/render/Renderer.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/render/Renderer.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ import org.apache.fop.apps.FOPException;
 import org.apache.fop.layout.*;
 
 // Java
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public interface Renderer {
     public void setProducer(String producer);
 
     /** render the given area tree to the given writer */
-    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, PrintWriter writer) throws IOException, FOPException;
+    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, OutputStream stream) throws IOException, FOPException;
  
     /** render the given area container */
     public void renderAreaContainer(AreaContainer area);
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/render/awt/AWTRenderer.java b/src/org/apache/fop/render/awt/AWTRenderer.java
index ce0559d77..a6803c243 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/render/awt/AWTRenderer.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/render/awt/AWTRenderer.java
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ public class AWTRenderer implements Renderer, Printable, Pageable {
     }
 
     public void render(AreaTree areaTree,
-                       PrintWriter writer) throws IOException {
+                       OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
         tree = areaTree;
         render(areaTree, 0);
     }
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/render/pdf/PDFRenderer.java b/src/org/apache/fop/render/pdf/PDFRenderer.java
index 293e3cf0b..ebf79ba88 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/render/pdf/PDFRenderer.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/render/pdf/PDFRenderer.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ import org.apache.fop.dom.svg.SVGArea;
 
 // Java
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.Enumeration;
 import java.awt.Rectangle;
 import java.util.Vector;
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ public class PDFRenderer implements Renderer {
        * render the areas into PDF
        *
        * @param areaTree the laid-out area tree
-       * @param writer the PrintWriter to write the PDF with
+       * @param stream the OutputStream to write the PDF to
        */
     public void render(AreaTree areaTree,
-                       PrintWriter writer) throws IOException, FOPException {
+                       OutputStream stream) throws IOException, FOPException {
         MessageHandler.logln("rendering areas to PDF");
         idReferences = areaTree.getIDReferences();
         this.pdfResources = this.pdfDoc.getResources();
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ public class PDFRenderer implements Renderer {
         }
 
         MessageHandler.logln("writing out PDF");
-        this.pdfDoc.output(writer);
+        this.pdfDoc.output(stream);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/org/apache/fop/render/xml/XMLRenderer.java b/src/org/apache/fop/render/xml/XMLRenderer.java
index 85b83f459..6330db0fc 100644
--- a/src/org/apache/fop/render/xml/XMLRenderer.java
+++ b/src/org/apache/fop/render/xml/XMLRenderer.java
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ import org.apache.fop.fo.properties.LeaderPattern;
 // Java
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.Enumeration;
 
 /**
@@ -95,10 +96,10 @@ public class XMLRenderer implements Renderer {
      * @param areaTree the laid-out area tree
      * @param writer the PrintWriter to give the XML to
      */
-    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, PrintWriter writer)
+    public void render(AreaTree areaTree, OutputStream stream)
 	throws IOException {
 	MessageHandler.logln("rendering areas to XML");
-	this.writer = writer;
+	this.writer = new PrintWriter(stream);
 	this.writer.write("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<!-- produced by "
 			  + this.producer + " -->\n");
 	writeStartTag("<AreaTree>");