What is FOP?
----------------
+------------
-Apache FOP is the world's first print formatter driven by XSL formatting
-objects. It is a Java application that reads a formatting object tree
-conforming to the XSL 1.1 Recommendation (05 December 2006) and then turns it
-into a PDF document, certain other output formats or allows you to preview it
-directly on screen. Note that not all parts of the XSL 1.1 specification
-have yes been implemented.
+Apache FOP is a print formatter driven by XSL formatting objects. It is a Java
+application that reads a formatting object tree conforming to the XSL 1.1
+Recommendation (05 December 2006) and then turns it into a PDF document,
+certain other output formats or allows you to preview it directly on screen.
+Note that not all parts of the XSL 1.1 specification have yet been
+implemented.
Apache FOP is part of Apache's XML Graphics project. The homepage of Apache
FOP is http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/.
Legal Information
----------------------
+-----------------
Apache FOP is published under the Apache License version 2.0. For the license
text, please see the following files:
Where to get help?
----------------------
+------------------
http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/gethelp.html
How do I build FOP?
-----------------------
+-------------------
If you've downloaded a binary distribution, you don't need to build
FOP.
How do I run FOP?
---------------------
+-----------------
Simply by typing "fop" on the command-line. Without any parameters you
will receive a screen with instruction on how to call FOP from the
RELEASE NOTES
==============================================================================
-Version 1.1rc1
-==============
+Version 1.1
+===========
-This is a candidate release of the next, minor (dot) release of Apache FOP,
-which primarily addresses bug fixes and also adds a number of new features.
-See below for details.
+This release of Apache FOP primarily addresses bug fixes and also adds a number
+of new features. See below for details.
Compliance
----------
A detailed list of known issues in this release is available at
http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/knownissues_overview.html.
-Major Changes in Version 1.1rc1
--------------------------------
+Major Changes in Version 1.1
+----------------------------
-* Adds support for complex scripts, in particular those that require
- either bidirectional processing or advanced typographic tables in
- fonts (e.g., the GSUB and GPOS tables of OpenType).
-* Adds support for fo:bidi-override and (relatively) full support
- for writing-mode='rl-tb' (or equivalent).
-* Adds support for Unicode BIDI Control characters: U+200E LEFT-TO-RIGHT
- MARK (LRM), U+200F RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK (RLM), U+202A LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
- (LRE), U+202B RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING (RLE), U+202D LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
- (LRO), U+202E RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE (RLO), and U+202C POP DIRECTIONAL
- FORMATTING (PDF).
+* Adds support for complex scripts.
+* Adds support for TTF fonts in PostScript.
+* Adds support for PDF Object Streams.
+* Adds support for PDF 128-bit encryption.
A more detailed list of changes in this release is available at
-http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/changes_1.1rc1.html.
+http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/changes_1.1.html.
A more detailed list of changes in this and earlier releases is available at
http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/changes.html.
<property file="${basedir}/build-local.properties"/>
<property file="${basedir}/build.properties"/>
<fileset dir="${basedir}" id="dist.bin">
- <include name="conf/**"/>
- <include name="examples/**"/>
+ <include name="KEYS"/>
<include name="LICENSE"/>
<include name="NOTICE"/>
<include name="README"/>
- <include name="KEYS"/>
- <include name="status.xml"/>
+ <include name="conf/**"/>
+ <include name="examples/**"/>
+ <include name="fop"/>
<include name="fop.bat"/>
<include name="fop.cmd"/>
<include name="fop.js"/>
- <include name="fop"/>
+ <include name="status.xml"/>
</fileset>
<fileset dir="${basedir}" id="dist.bin.lib">
<patternset id="dist.lib">
+ <include name="lib/README*"/>
<include name="lib/avalon-framework*"/>
- <include name="lib/xmlgraphics-commons*"/>
<include name="lib/batik*"/>
<include name="lib/commons-io*"/>
<include name="lib/commons-logging*"/>
- <include name="lib/README*"/>
<include name="lib/serializer*"/>
<include name="lib/xalan*"/>
<include name="lib/xerces*"/>
<include name="lib/xml-apis*"/>
+ <include name="lib/xmlgraphics-commons*"/>
</patternset>
</fileset>
- <patternset id="dist.src.lib.tools">
+ <patternset id="dist.src.lib.build">
<include name="lib/build/asm*"/>
- <include name="lib/build/backport-util-concurrent*"/>
+ <include name="lib/build/hamcrest*"/>
<include name="lib/build/jaxen*"/>
+ <include name="lib/build/mockito*"/>
+ <include name="lib/build/objenesis*"/>
<include name="lib/build/pmd*"/>
<include name="lib/build/qdox*"/>
<include name="lib/build/xmlunit*"/>
</patternset>
<fileset dir="${basedir}" id="dist.src">
- <include name="src/**"/>
- <include name="conf/**"/>
- <include name="hyph/hyphenation.dtd"/>
- <include name="hyph/readme"/>
- <patternset refid="dist.lib"/>
- <patternset refid="dist.src.lib.tools"/>
- <include name="lib/servlet*"/>
- <include name="test/**"/>
- <include name="examples/**"/>
+ <include name="KEYS"/>
<include name="LICENSE"/>
<include name="NOTICE"/>
<include name="README"/>
- <include name="KEYS"/>
- <include name="known-issues.xml"/>
- <include name="status.xml"/>
<include name="build.*"/>
- <include name="forrest.properties"/>
+ <include name="checkstyle*"/>
+ <exclude name="checkstyle-noframes.xsl"/>
+ <include name="conf/**"/>
+ <include name="examples/**"/>
+ <include name="findbugs*"/>
+ <include name="fop"/>
<include name="fop.bat"/>
<include name="fop.cmd"/>
<include name="fop.js"/>
- <include name="fop"/>
+ <include name="forrest.*"/>
+ <include name="hyph/hyphenation.dtd"/>
+ <include name="hyph/readme"/>
+ <include name="jacoco*"/>
+ <include name="known-issues.xml"/>
+ <include name="lib/servlet*"/>
+ <include name="src/**"/>
+ <include name="status.xml"/>
+ <include name="test/**"/>
+ <patternset refid="dist.lib"/>
+ <patternset refid="dist.src.lib.build"/>
</fileset>
<path id="libs-build-classpath">
<fileset dir="${basedir}/lib">
<gzip zipfile="${name}-${version}-src.tar.gz" src="${name}-${version}-src.tar"/>
<delete file="${name}-${version}-src.tar"/>
</target>
+ <target name="release-dist" depends="dist" description="Generates the distribution package and signs the release">
+ <property name="bin.suffix" value="bin"/>
+ <input message="Passphrase for your default private key (attention: passphrase will be echoed in clear text on the display!)" addproperty="pwd"/>
+ <antcall target="md5">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-src.zip"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-src.zip"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="md5">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-src.tar.gz"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-src.tar.gz"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="md5">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-${bin.suffix}.zip"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-${bin.suffix}.zip"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="md5">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-${bin.suffix}.tar.gz"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${name}-${version}-${bin.suffix}.tar.gz"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ </target>
+ <target name="md5">
+ <property name="md5.exec" value="md5sum"/>
+ <property name="md5.options" value=""/>
+ <exec executable="${md5.exec}" output="${sign.archive}.md5">
+ <arg line="${md5.options} ${sign.archive}"/>
+ </exec>
+ </target>
+ <target name="sign-file">
+ <property name="gpg.exec" value="gpg"/>
+ <property name="gpg.options" value="--armor --detach-sign --force-v3-sigs --batch --verbose --passphrase-fd 0"/>
+ <delete file="${sign.archive}.asc"/>
+ <exec executable="${gpg.exec}" inputstring="${pwd}">
+ <arg line="${gpg.options} ${sign.archive}"/>
+ </exec>
+ </target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Maven artifacts -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="maven-artifacts" depends="jar-main, jar-sources, jar-javadocs" description="Builds a Maven artifact that can be uploaded to a Maven repository">
- <filter token="version" value="${version}"/>
+ <filter token="version" value="${version}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}/maven"/>
<copy file="${basedir}/xmlgraphics-fop-pom-template.pom" tofile="${build.dir}/maven/pom.xml" filtering="true"/>
- <copy file="${build.dir}/${name}.jar" tofile="${build.dir}/maven/${name}-${version}.jar"/>
+ <copy file="${build.dir}/${name}.jar" tofile="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}.jar"/>
+ <fileset id="bundle-files" dir="${build.dir}">
+ <patternset>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}.jar"/>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}-sources.jar"/>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}-javadoc.jar"/>
+ </patternset>
+ <patternset>
+ <include name="maven/pom.xml"/>
+ </patternset>
+ </fileset>
+ <checksum algorithm="md5">
+ <fileset refid="bundle-files"/>
+ </checksum>
+ <checksum algorithm="sha1">
+ <fileset refid="bundle-files"/>
+ </checksum>
+ <input message="Passphrase for your default private key (attention: passphrase will be echoed in clear text on the display!)" addproperty="pwd"/>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}.jar"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}-sources.jar"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}-javadoc.jar"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
+ <antcall target="sign-file">
+ <param name="sign.archive" value="${build.dir}/maven/pom.xml"/>
+ <param name="pwd" value="${pwd}"/>
+ </antcall>
<jar jarfile="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}-bundle.jar">
<manifest>
- <attribute name="Build-Id" value="${ts} (${user.name} [${os.name} ${os.version} ${os.arch}, Java ${java.runtime.version}, Target Java ${javac.target}])"/>
+ <attribute name="Build-Id" value="${ts} (${user.name} [${os.name} ${os.version} ${os.arch}, Java ${java.runtime.version}])"/>
</manifest>
<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
- <include name="${name}-${version}-sources.jar"/>
- <include name="${name}-${version}-javadoc.jar"/>
+ <patternset>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}.jar*"/>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}-sources.jar*"/>
+ <include name="${name}-${version}-javadoc.jar*"/>
+ </patternset>
+ </fileset>
+ <fileset dir="${build.dir}/maven">
+ <patternset>
+ <include name="pom.xml*"/>
+ </patternset>
</fileset>
- <fileset dir="${build.dir}/maven"/>
<metainf dir="${basedir}" includes="LICENSE,NOTICE"/>
</jar>
<move file="${build.dir}/${name}-${version}-bundle.jar" todir="${basedir}"/>
# redirect moved files
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/anttask(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/anttask$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/compiling(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/compiling$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/configuration(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/configuration$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/embedding(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/embedding$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/extensions(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/extensions$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/fonts(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/fonts$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/graphics(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/graphics$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/hyphenation(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/hyphenation$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/intermediate(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/intermediate$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/output(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/output$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfa(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/pdfa$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfencryption(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/pdfencryption$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfx(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/pdfx$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/running(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/running$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/servlets(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/servlets$1
-RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/upgrading(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1/upgrading$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/anttask(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/anttask$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/compiling(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/compiling$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/configuration(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/configuration$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/embedding(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/embedding$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/extensions(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/extensions$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/fonts(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/fonts$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/graphics(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/graphics$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/hyphenation(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/hyphenation$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/intermediate(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/intermediate$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/output(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/output$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfa(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/pdfa$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfencryption(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/pdfencryption$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/pdfx(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/pdfx$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/running(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/running$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/servlets(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/servlets$1
+RedirectMatch Permanent ^/fop/upgrading(.*) http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1/upgrading$1
# redirect to versioned documentation
# Current stable release
-Redirect Temp /fop/stable http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.0
+Redirect Temp /fop/stable http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1
# Current unstable release (or trunk if no beta is the latest release)
-Redirect Temp /fop/unstable http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1rc1
+Redirect Temp /fop/unstable http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/trunk
# Latest release
-Redirect Temp /fop/current http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.0
-Redirect Temp /fop/latest http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.0
+Redirect Temp /fop/current http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1
+Redirect Temp /fop/latest http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.1
# Previous stable release
-Redirect Temp /fop/previous http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/0.95
+Redirect Temp /fop/previous http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/1.0
# Old releases
Redirect Temp /fop/maintenance http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/0.95
</asfext:implements>
<release>
<Version>
- <name>Upcoming release (candidate)</name>
- <created>2012-07-02</created>
- <revision>1.1rc1</revision>
+ <name>Current release (stable)</name>
+ <created>2012-10-20</created>
+ <revision>1.1</revision>
</Version>
</release>
<release>
<Version>
- <name>Current release (stable)</name>
+ <name>Previous release (stable)</name>
<created>2010-07-21</created>
<revision>1.0</revision>
</Version>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Accessibility</title>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ This page describes the
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility">accessibility</a>
+ features of Apache™ FOP.
+ <a href="http://www.section508.gov/">Section 508</a> defines accessibility in the context
+ of electronic documents for the USA but other countries have similar requirements.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Accessibility features are available only for the PDF output format and there are some
+ implementation limitations. Also, certain actions must be undertaken by the content creator
+ to ensure that FOP can create a truly accessible document.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Enabling accessibility</title>
+ <p>There are 3 ways to enable accessibility:</p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Command line:</strong> The command line option -a turns on accessibility:
+ <code>fop -a -fo mydocument.fo -pdf mydocument.pdf</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Embedding:</strong> <code>userAgent.setAccessibility(true);</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Optional setting in fop.xconf file:</strong>
+ <pre>
+ <fop version="1.0">
+ <accessibility>true</accessibility>
+ ...
+ </fop>
+ </pre>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ When accessibility is enabled, additional information relating to the logical structure of
+ the document is added to the PDF. That information allows the PDF viewer (or a
+ text-to-speech application) to retrieve the natural reading order of the document.
+ </p>
+ <note>The processing of the logical structure is memory-hungry. You may need to adjust the
+ Java heap size in order to process larger files.</note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="source">
+ <title>Changes to your XSL-FO input files</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP cannot automatically generate accessible PDFs. Some of the work can only be
+ performed by the content provider. Following are some changes that may be necessary to
+ your XSL-FO content in order to generate really accessible documents:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Table cells must have a table row as their parent.</li>
+ <li>
+ Images must have an alternate text: use the <code>fox:alt-text</code> extension attribute
+ (in the <a href="extensions.html#fox-namespace">fox namespace</a>) on
+ <code>fo:external-graphic</code> and <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code> to specify a
+ short text describing the image.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Ensure that the order of <code>fo:block-container</code> elements in a page corresponds to
+ the reading order.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Specify the natural language of the document using the language and country properties
+ (or via the <code>xml:lang</code> shorthand property).
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="customTags">
+ <title>Customized Tagging</title>
+ <p>The <a href="#PDFReference">PDF Reference</a> defines a set of standard Structure Types to
+ tag content. For example, ‘P’ is used for identifying paragraphs, ‘H1’ to ‘H6’ for headers,
+ ‘L’ for lists, ‘Div’ for block-level groups of elements, etc. This standard set is aimed at
+ improving interoperability between applications producing or consuming PDF. </p>
+ <p>FOP provides a default mapping of Formatting Objects to elements from that standard set.
+ For example, <code>fo:page-sequence</code> is mapped to ‘Part’, <code>fo:block</code> is
+ mapped to ‘P’, <code>fo:list-block</code> to ‘L’, etc.</p>
+ <p>You may want to customize that mapping to improve the accuracy of the tagging or deal with
+ particular FO constructs. For example, you may want to make use of the ‘H1’ to ‘H6’ tags to
+ make the hierarchical structure of the document appear in the PDF. This is achieved by using
+ the <code>role</code> XSL-FO property:</p>
+ <source>...
+<fo:block role="H1" font-weight="bold">I. A Level 1 Heading</fo:block>
+<fo:block>This is the first paragraph of the first section...</fo:block>
+...</source>
+ <p>If a non-standard structure type is specified, FOP will issue a warning and fall back to
+ the default tag associated to the Formatting Object.</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="testing">
+ <title>Testing</title>
+ <p>
+ Accessible PDFs can be tested, for example, using Adobe Acrobat Professional. Its
+ Accessibility Check feature creates a report indicating any deficiencies with a PDF
+ document. Alternatively, you can just let a screen reader read the document aloud.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="limitations">
+ <title>Limitations</title>
+ <p>
+ Accessibility support in Apache FOP is relatively new, so there are certain
+ limitations. Please help us identify and close any gaps.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ The natural language can currently only be specified at the page-sequence level. The
+ document language is derived from the language of the first page-sequence. It is
+ currently not possible to override the language inside the content below the
+ page-sequence level.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ It's currently not possible to specify the expanded form of an abbreviation or acronym.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ SVG graphics (or images in general) are treated as a single figure. Text contained in
+ SVGs is not accessible. It's only possible to work with <code>fox:alt-text</code>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The side regions (region-before, region-after etc.) are currently not specially
+ identified. Screen readers may read their content at page changes.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="links">
+ <title>Related Links</title>
+ <p>
+ Many resources providing guidance about creating accessible documents can be found on the
+ web. Here are a few links, along with additional resources around the topic:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://www.section508.gov/">US Government - Website on Section 508</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility">Wikipedia on Accessibility in general</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format#Accessibility">Wikipedia on Accessibility in PDF</a></li>
+ <li id="PDFReference">
+ <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/pdf/PDFReference.pdf">PDF
+ Reference 1.4</a> (look up chapters 9.7 "Tagged PDF" and 9.8 "Accessibility Support")
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A support in Apache FOP</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/PDF_Accessibility">Developer-oriented details on the accessibility features (on the Wiki)</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Ant task</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP provides an Ant task for automating the document build process.
+ </p>
+ <section id="basics">
+ <title>Description</title>
+ <p>
+ The FOP Ant task will convert XSL-FO documents to PDF, PS, PCL etc. output
+ (see <a href="output.html">Output formats</a> for available formats).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ To call FOP tasks within Ant, first add a FOP task definition to your Ant build file.
+ One method of defining the task is as follows:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<property name="fop.home" value="....path to your FOP HOME directory..."/>
+
+<taskdef name="fop"
+ classname="org.apache.fop.tools.anttasks.Fop">
+ <classpath>
+ <fileset dir="${fop.home}/lib">
+ <include name="*.jar"/>
+ </fileset>
+ <fileset dir="${fop.home}/build">
+ <include name="fop.jar"/>
+ <include name="fop-hyph.jar" />
+ </fileset>
+ </classpath>
+</taskdef>
+ ]]></source>
+<p>
+ Then create FOP tasks within your Ant build file, using the FOP task parameters listed below.</p>
+ </section>
+ <!-- TODO: Installation/Configuration -->
+ <section id="parameters"><title>Parameters for FOP Ant task</title>
+ <table><caption>Parameters specified as attributes</caption>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Attribute</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+ <th>Required</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>fofile</td>
+ <td>XSL-FO file to be rendered</td>
+ <td>Yes, if no fileset nested element is used</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>xmlfile</td>
+ <td>XML input file</td>
+ <td>Yes, if no fofile is specified</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>xsltfile</td>
+ <td>XSLT input file</td>
+ <td>Yes, if no fofile is specified</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>outfile</td>
+ <td>Output filename</td>
+ <td>Yes, when fofile is used. (This attribute is not valid for filesets.)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>format</td>
+ <td>Possible output formats:<br/>
+ <code>application/X-fop-awt-preview</code><br/>
+ <code>application/X-fop-print</code><br/>
+ <code>application/X-fop-areatree</code><br/>
+ <code>application/pdf</code><br/>
+ <code>application/postscript</code><br/>
+ <code>application/mif</code><br/>
+ <code>application/rtf</code>,
+ <code>text/richtext</code>,
+ <code>text/rtf</code><br/>
+ <code>application/x-pcl</code>,
+ <code>application/vnd.hp-PCL</code><br/>
+ <code>application/x-afp</code>,
+ <code>application/vnd.ibm.modcap</code><br/>
+ <code>text/plain</code><br/>
+ <code>image/svg+xml</code><br/>
+ <code>image/gif</code><br/>
+ <code>image/png</code><br/>
+ <code>image/tiff</code><br/>
+ </td>
+ <td>No, defaults to <code>application/pdf</code></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>outdir</td>
+ <td>Output directory</td>
+ <td>Required if a fileset is used to specify the files to render; optional for fofile. (Can alternatively specify the full path in the fofile value.)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>force</td>
+ <td>Recreate target files, even if they are newer than their corresponding
+ source files. Note: This attribute is available in post-0.20.5
+ versions (0.20.x nightly build and 1.0dev) only; target files are
+ always generated (i.e., force=true) in 0.20.5 release.
+ </td>
+ <td>No, default is <code>false</code></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>basedir</td>
+ <td>Base directory to resolve relative references (e.g., graphics files) within the
+ FO document.
+ </td>
+ <td>No, for single FO File entry, default is to use the location
+ of that FO file.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>relativebase</td>
+ <td>For fileset usage only. A value of <code>true</code> specifies using the location
+ of each .fo file as the base directory for resolving relative file references located
+ within that .fo file. A value of <code>false</code> specifies using the value of
+ basedir for all files within the fileset, or just the current working directory
+ if basedir is not specified.
+ </td>
+ <td>No, default is <code>false</code>.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>userconfig</td>
+ <td>User configuration file (same as the FOP "-c" command line option).</td>
+ <td>No</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>messagelevel</td>
+ <td>Logging level<br/>
+ Possible values: <code>error</code>, <code>warn</code>, <code>info</code>, <code>verbose</code>, <code>debug</code>. <strong>Currently doesn't work in FOP Trunk!!!</strong></td>
+ <td>No, defaults to <code>verbose</code></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>logFiles</td>
+ <td>Controls whether the names of the files that are processed are logged
+ (<code>true</code>) or not (<code>false</code>). <strong>Currently doesn't work in FOP Trunk!!!</strong></td>
+ <td>No, default is <code>true</code></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>throwexceptions</td>
+ <td>Controls whether or not an exception is thrown if an error occurs during rendering.</td>
+ <td>Default is <code>true</code></td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p/>
+ <table><caption>Parameters specified as nested elements</caption>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Attribute</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+ <th>Required</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>fileset</td>
+ <td><a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/CoreTypes/fileset.html">FileSets</a>
+ are used to specify multiple XSL-FO files to be rendered.</td>
+ <td>Yes, if no fofile attribute is supplied</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section id="examples">
+ <title>Examples</title>
+ <p>
+ The following example converts a single XSL-FO file to a PDF document:
+ </p>
+
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<target name="generate-pdf" description="Generates a single PDF file">
+ <fop format="application/pdf"
+ fofile="c:\working\foDirectory\foDocument.fo"
+ outfile="c:\working\pdfDirectory\pdfDocument.pdf" />
+</target>
+ ]]></source>
+ <p>
+ This example converts all XSL-FO files within an entire directory to PostScript:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<target name="generate-multiple-ps"
+ description="Generates multiple PostScript files">
+ <fop format="application/postscript"
+ outdir="${build.dir}" messagelevel="debug">
+ <fileset dir="${fo.examples.dir}">
+ <include name="*.fo"/>
+ </fileset>
+ </fop>
+</target>
+ ]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The following example transforms and converts a single XML and XSLT file to an AFP document:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<target name="generate-afp-from-transform" description="Generates a single AFP file from an XSLT stylesheet">
+ <fop format="application/x-afp"
+ xmlfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xml"
+ xsltfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xslt"
+ outfile="c:\working\afpDirectory\Document.afp" />
+</target>
+ ]]></source>
+ <p>
+ This example transforms and converts all XML files within an entire directory to PostScript:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<target name="generate-multiple-ps-from-transform" description="Generates multiple PostScript files using an XSLT stylesheet">
+ <fop format="application/postscript"
+ xsltfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xslt"
+ outdir="${build.dir}" messagelevel="debug">
+ <fileset dir="${test.dir}">
+ <include name="*.xml"/>
+ </fileset>
+ </fop>
+</target>
+ ]]></source>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Building from Source Code</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="build-needed">
+ <title>Do You Need To Build?</title>
+<!-- text for released versions -->
+<!-- <p>
+ FOP distributions are either pre-compiled binary or source.
+ If you are using a binary distribution, it is already built and there is no need to build it again.
+ See the <a href="../download.html">Download Instructions</a> for information about whether a
+ binary or source distribution is best for your needs.
+ </p>-->
+<!-- /text for released versions -->
+<!-- text for trunk -->
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP snapshots are either pre-compiled binary or source.
+ If you are using a binary snapshot, it is already built and there is no need to build it again.
+ If you got the source code from a repository snapshot or via Subversion you will need to build FOP.
+ See the <a href="../download.html">Download Instructions</a> for information about where to obtain binary or repository snapshots, and whether a
+ binary or source snapshot is best for your needs.
+ </p>
+<!-- /text for trunk -->
+ </section>
+ <section id="env">
+ <title>Set Up Your Environment</title>
+ <section id="env-jdk">
+ <title>JDK</title>
+ <p>
+ Building FOP 1.1 requires a minimum Java Development Kit (JDK/SDK) of 1.5
+ (A Java Runtime Environment is not sufficient).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="env-classpath">
+ <title>CLASSPATH</title>
+ <p>
+ There is generally no need to setup a classpath. All libraries needed to compile FOP are included
+ in the source distribution and are referenced by the build script.
+ You will only need to adjust the classpath if you build FOP in some other way. See the build
+ script build.xml for details.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="env-java-home">
+ <title>JAVA_HOME</title>
+ <p>
+ The build script uses <a href="ext:ant">Apache Ant</a>, a popular
+ Java-based build tool, which usually requires that the environment variable JAVA_HOME point to
+ your local JDK root directory. This is true even if you use JDK 1.4 or above, which normally
+ does not need this setting.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="env-ant">
+ <title>Apache Ant</title>
+ <p>
+ <a href="ext:ant">Apache Ant</a> (Version 1.7 or later) must be installed in order to
+ build FOP. Following best practices we don't include Ant with FOP anymore. You can find the
+ <a href="ext:ant/manual/">instructions to install Ant in the Ant manual</a> on the web.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="build-script">
+ <title>Run the Build Script</title>
+ <p>
+ Change to the FOP root directory and build FOP by executing the build script (build.xml)
+ using the "ant" command.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ The "ant" command is only available on your system if you've properly
+ <a href="ext:ant/manual/">installed Apache Ant</a> and added Ant's location to the PATH
+ environment variable.
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ The file build.xml in the FOP root directory is the blueprint that Ant uses for the build. It
+ contains information for numerous build targets, many of which are building blocks to more
+ useful target, and others which are primarily used by the FOP developers.
+ You may benefit from looking through this file to learn more about the various build targets.
+ To obtain a complete list of useful build targets:
+ </p>
+ <source>ant -projecthelp</source>
+ <p>The most useful targets are:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <strong>package</strong>: Generates the JAR files (default). This is the normal build that
+ produces a jar file usable for running FOP.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>clean </strong>: Cleans the build directory. This is useful for making sure that
+ any build errors are cleaned up before starting a new build. It should not ordinarily be
+ needed, but may be helpful if you are having problems with the build process itself.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>javadocs</strong>: Creates the FOP API documentation.
+ <note>A minimum JDK version of 1.4.2 is required for generating the javadocs.</note>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>To run the build:</p>
+ <source>ant [target ...]</source>
+ <p>For example to do a normal build for the "all" target (which is the default):</p>
+ <source>ant</source>
+ <p>OR</p>
+ <source>ant all</source>
+ <p>To clean the build directory first:</p>
+ <source>ant clean all</source>
+ <note>
+ If you want to shorten the build time you can just call the "package" target which
+ doesn't perform any automated tests during the build.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="problems">
+ <title id="Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</title>
+ <p>If you have problems building FOP, please try the following:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Run the build with the target of "clean", then rerun the build.</li>
+ <li>Delete the build directory completely, then rerun the build.</li>
+ <li>
+ Make sure you do not have a non-FOP version of xerces.jar, xalan.jar, batik.jar,
+ or another dependency product somewhere in your CLASSPATH.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ If the build still fails, see the <a href="../gethelp.html">Getting Help</a>
+ page for further help.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Complex Scripts</title>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ This page describes the
+ <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_scripts">complex scripts</link>
+ features of Apache™ FOP, which include:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Support for languages written with right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic and Hebrew scripts.</li>
+ <li>Support for languages written with South Asian and Southeast Asian scripts, such as Devanagari,
+ Khmer, Tamil, Thai, and others.</li>
+ <li>Support for advanced substitution, reordering, and positioning of glyphs according to language
+ and script sensitive rules.</li>
+ <li>Support for advanced number to string formatting.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Disabling complex scripts</title>
+ <p>Complex script features are enabled by default. If some application of FOP does not
+ require this support, then it can be disabled in three ways:</p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Command line:</strong> The command line option <code>-nocs</code> turns off complex script
+ features: <code>fop -nocs -fo mydocument.fo -pdf mydocument.pdf</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Embedding:</strong> <code>userAgent.setComplexScriptFeaturesEnabled(false);</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Optional setting in fop.xconf file:</strong>
+ <pre>
+<fop version="1.0">
+ <complex-scripts disabled="true"/>
+ ...
+</fop>
+ </pre>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ When complex scripts features are enabled, additional information related to bidirectional
+ level resolution, the association between characters and glyphs, and glyph position adjustments
+ are added to the internal, parsed representation of the XSL-FO tree and its corresponding
+ formatted area tree. This additional information will somewhat increase the memory requirements for
+ processing documents that use these features.
+ </p>
+ <note>A document author need not make explicit use of any complex scripts feature in order
+ for this additional information to be created. For example, if the author makes use of a font
+ that contains OpenType GSUB and/or GPOS tables, then those tables will be automatically used
+ unless complex scripts features are disabled.</note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="source">
+ <title>Changes to your XSL-FO input files</title>
+ <p>
+ In most circumstances, XSL-FO content does not need to change in order to make use of
+ complex scripts features; however, in certain contexts, fully automatic processing is not
+ sufficient. In these cases, an author may make use of the following XSL-FO constructs:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#script"><code>script</code></link> property.</li>
+ <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#language"><code>language</code></link> property.</li>
+ <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#writing-mode"><code>writing-mode</code></link> property.</li>
+ <li>The number to string conversion properties:
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#format"><code>format</code></link>,
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#grouping-separator"><code>grouping-separator</code></link>,
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#grouping-size"><code>grouping-size</code></link>,
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#letter-value"><code>letter-value</code></link>,
+ and <code>fox:number-conversion-features</code>.</li>
+ <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override"><code>fo:bidi-override</code></link> element.</li>
+ <li>Explicit bidirectional control characters: U+200E LRM, U+200F RLM, U+202A LRE,
+ U+202B RLE, U+202C PDF, U+202D LRO, U+202E RLO.</li>
+ <li>Explicit join control characters: U+200C ZWNJ and U+200D ZWJ.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="details">
+ <title>Authoring Details</title>
+ <p>The complex scripts related effects of the above enumerated XSL-FO constructs are more
+ fully described in the following sub-sections.</p>
+ <section id="script_property">
+ <title>Script Property</title>
+ <p>In order to apply font specific complex script features, it is necessary to know
+ the script that applies to the text undergoing layout processing. This script is determined
+ using the following algorithm:
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>If the FO element that governs the text specifies a
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#script"><code>script</code></link>
+ property and its value is not the empty string or <code>"auto"</code>, then that script is used.</li>
+ <li>Otherwise, the dominant script of the text is determined automatically by finding the
+ script whose constituent characters appear most frequently in the text.</li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>In case the automatic algorithm does not produce the desired results, an author may
+ explicitly specify a <code>script</code> property with the desired script. If specified,
+ it must be one of the four-letter script code specified in
+ <link href="http://unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html">ISO 15924 Code List</link> or
+ in the <link href="#extended_script_codes">Extended Script Codes</link> table. Comparison
+ of script codes is performed in a case-insensitive manner, so it does not matter what case
+ is used when specifying these codes in an XSL-FO document.</p>
+ <section id="standard_script_codes">
+ <title>Standard Script Codes</title>
+ <p>The following table enumerates the standard ISO 15924 4-letter codes recognized by FOP.</p>
+ <table class="ForrestTable tw30">
+ <tr>
+ <th style="text-align:center">Code</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Script</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>arab</code></td>
+ <td>Arabic</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>beng</code></td>
+ <td>Bengali</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>bopo</code></td>
+ <td>Bopomofo</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>cyrl</code></td>
+ <td>Cyrillic</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>deva</code></td>
+ <td>Devanagari</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>ethi</code></td>
+ <td>Ethiopic</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>geor</code></td>
+ <td>Georgian</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>grek</code></td>
+ <td>Greek</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>gujr</code></td>
+ <td>Gujarati</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>guru</code></td>
+ <td>Gurmukhi</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>hang</code></td>
+ <td>Hangul</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>hani</code></td>
+ <td>Han</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>hebr</code></td>
+ <td>Hebrew</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>hira</code></td>
+ <td>Hiragana</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>kana</code></td>
+ <td>Katakana</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>knda</code></td>
+ <td>Kannada</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>khmr</code></td>
+ <td>Khmer</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>laoo</code></td>
+ <td>Lao</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>latn</code></td>
+ <td>Latin</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>mlym</code></td>
+ <td>Malayalam</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>mymr</code></td>
+ <td>Burmese</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>mong</code></td>
+ <td>Mongolian</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>orya</code></td>
+ <td>Oriya</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>sinh</code></td>
+ <td>Sinhalese</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>taml</code></td>
+ <td>Tamil</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>telu</code></td>
+ <td>Telugu</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>thai</code></td>
+ <td>Thai</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>tibt</code></td>
+ <td>Tibetan</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>zmth</code></td>
+ <td>Math</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>zsym</code></td>
+ <td>Symbol</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>zyyy</code></td>
+ <td>Undetermined</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>zzzz</code></td>
+ <td>Uncoded</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section id="extended_script_codes">
+ <title>Extended Script Codes</title>
+ <p>The following table enumerates a number of non-standard extended script codes recognized by FOP.</p>
+ <table class="ForrestTable tw70">
+ <colgrp>
+ <col style="width:10%"/>
+ <col style="width:20%"/>
+ <col style="width:80%"/>
+ </colgrp>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Code</th>
+ <th>Script</th>
+ <th>Comments</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>bng2</code></td>
+ <td>Bengali</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>dev2</code></td>
+ <td>Devanagari</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>gur2</code></td>
+ <td>Gurmukhi</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>gjr2</code></td>
+ <td>Gujarati</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>knd2</code></td>
+ <td>Kannada</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>mlm2</code></td>
+ <td>Malayalam</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>ory2</code></td>
+ <td>Oriya</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>tml2</code></td>
+ <td>Tamil</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td style="text-align:center"><code>tel2</code></td>
+ <td>Telugu</td>
+ <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <warning>
+ Explicit use of one of the above extended script codes is not portable,
+ and should be limited to use with FOP only.
+ </warning>
+ <note>
+ When performing automatic script determination, FOP selects the OpenType Indic
+ Version 2 script codes by default. If the author requires Version 1 behavior, then
+ an explicit, non-extension script code should be specified in a governing <code>script</code>
+ property.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="language_property">
+ <title>Language Property</title>
+ <p>Certain fonts that support complex script features can make use of language information in order for
+ language specific processing rules to be applied. For example, a font designed for the Arabic script may support
+ typographic variations according to whether the written language is Arabic, Farsi (Persian), Sindhi, Urdu, or
+ another language written with the Arabic script. In order to apply these language specific features, the author
+ may explicitly mark the text with a <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#language"><code>language</code></link>
+ property.</p>
+ <p>When specifying the <code>language</code> property, the value of the property must be either an
+ <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-2_codes">ISO639-2 3-letter code</link> or an
+ <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes">ISO639-1 2-letter code</link>. Comparison of language
+ codes is performed in a case-insensitive manner, so it does not matter what case is used when specifying these
+ codes in an XSL-FO document.</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="writing_mode_property">
+ <title>Writing Mode Property</title>
+ <p>The <code>writing-mode</code> property is used to determine the axes and direction of the inline
+ progression direction, the block progression direction, the column progression direction (in tables
+ and flows), the shift direction, region placement, the resolution of writing-mode relative property
+ values (such as start, end, before, after), and the default block (paragraph) bidirectionality
+ level.
+ </p>
+ <p>The <code>writing-mode</code> property is inherited, so it can appear on any XSL-FO element type; however,
+ it applies (semantically) only to the following element types:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>fo:page-sequence</code></li>
+ <li><code>fo:simple-page-master</code></li>
+ <li><code>fo:region-*</code></li>
+ <li><code>fo:block-container</code></li>
+ <li><code>fo:inline-container</code></li>
+ <li><code>fo:table</code></li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>If it is not specified on one of these element types, but is specified on an ancestor element, then the value specified on that
+ ancestor element (the inherited value) is used; otherwise, the initial value <code>lr-tb</code> is used.</p>
+ <p>At present, only the following values of the <code>writing-mode</code> property are supported:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>lr-tb</code></li>
+ <li><code>rl-tb</code></li>
+ <li><code>lr</code></li>
+ <li><code>rl</code></li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>Writing modes that employ a vertical inline progression direction are not yet supported.</p>
+ </section>
+ <!-- [TBD] - NEED TO DOCUMENT
+ <section id="number_conversion_properties">
+ <title>Number Conversion Properties</title>
+ </section>
+ -->
+ <section id="bidi_override_element">
+ <title>Bidi Override Element</title>
+ <p>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override"><code>fo:bidi-override</code></link>
+ element may be used to override default bidirectional processing behavior,
+ including default embedding levels and default character directionality. In the absence of either this element
+ or use of explicit <link href="#bidi_controls">Bidi Control Characters</link>, the default behavior prescribed
+ by the <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override">Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm</link>
+ applies.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="bidi_controls">
+ <title>Bidi Control Characters</title>
+ <p>In addition to the use of the <link href="#bidi_override_element">Bidi Override Element</link>, an author
+ may make use of the following explicit Unicode Bidi Control Characters:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>U+200E - LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK (LRM)</li>
+ <li>U+200F - RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK (RLM)</li>
+ <li>U+202A - LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING (LRE)</li>
+ <li>U+202B - RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING (RLE)</li>
+ <li>U+202C - POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING (PDF)</li>
+ <li>U+202D - LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE (LRO)</li>
+ <li>U+202E - RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE (RLO)</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>If an embedding or override is not terminated (using U+202C PDF) prior to the end of a
+ <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#d0e4879">delimited text range</link>,
+ then it is automatically terminated by FOP.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="join_controls">
+ <title>Join Control Characters</title>
+ <p>In order to prevent joining behavior in contexts where joining occurs by default,
+ for example, between U+0628 ARABIC LETTER BEH and U+0646 ARABIC LETTER NOON,
+ an author may used a U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ).
+ </p>
+ <p>Conversely, in order to force joining behavior in contexts where joining does not occur by default,
+ for example, between U+0628 ARABIC LETTER BEH and U+0020 SPACE, an author may used a U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ).
+ </p>
+ <p>The behavior of ZWNJ and ZWJ is script specific. See
+ <link href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.1.0/ch08.pdf">The Unicode Standard, Chapter 8,
+ Middle Eastern Scripts</link> for information on the use of these control characters with the Arabic
+ script. See
+ <link href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.1.0/ch09.pdf">The Unicode Standard, Chapter 9,
+ South Asian Scripts - I</link> for information on the use of these control characters with common
+ Indic scripts.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="supported_scripts">
+ <title>Supported Scripts</title>
+ <p>Support for specific complex scripts is enumerated in the following table. Support
+ for those marked as not being supported is expected to be added in future revisions.</p>
+ <table>
+ <colgrp>
+ <col style="width: 15%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 65%"/>
+ </colgrp>
+ <tr>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Script</th>
+ <th>Support</th>
+ <th>Tested</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_alphabet">Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes">full</td>
+ <td class="yes">full</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_alphabet">Bengali</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_alphabet">Burmese</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari_alphabet">Devanagari</link></td>
+ <td class="partial">partial</td>
+ <td class="partial">partial</td>
+ <td style="text-align:left">join controls (ZWJ, ZWNJ) not yet supported</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_alphabet">Khmer</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_alphabet">Gujarati</link></td>
+ <td class="partial">partial</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td style="text-align:left">pre-alpha</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhī_alphabet">Gurmukhi</link></td>
+ <td class="partial">partial</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td style="text-align:left">pre-alpha</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet">Hebrew</link></td>
+ <td class="yes">full</td>
+ <td class="partial">partial</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannada_alphabet">Kannada</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_alphabet">Lao</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_alphabet">Malayalam</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_script">Mongolian</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriya_script">Oriya</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_alphabet">Tamil</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_alphabet">Telugu</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_alphabet">Tibetan</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_alphabet">Thai</link></td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td class="no">none</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section id="supported_fonts">
+ <title>Supported Fonts</title>
+ <p>Support for specific fonts is enumerated in the following sub-sections. If a given
+ font is not listed, then it has not been tested with these complex scripts features.</p>
+ <section id="fonts_arabic">
+ <title>Arabic Fonts</title>
+ <table>
+ <colgrp>
+ <col style="width: 15%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 65%"/>
+ </colgrp>
+ <tr>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Font</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Version</th>
+ <th style="text-align:center">Glyphs</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=24">Arial Unicode MS</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1081">1.01</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">50377</td>
+ <td>limited GPOS support</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=ArabicFonts">Lateef</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">1.0</td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">1147</td>
+ <td>language features for Kurdish (KUR), Sindhi (SND), Urdu (URD)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=ArabicFonts">Scheherazade</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">1.0</td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">1197</td>
+ <td>language features for Kurdish (KUR), Sindhi (SND), Urdu (URD)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="no" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=867">1.01</link></td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>contains invalid, out of order coverage table entries</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1645">5.00</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">414</td>
+ <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">5.92</td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">473</td>
+ <td>includes GPOS for advanced position adjustment</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FMID=877">1.01</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">530</td>
+ <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1658">5.00</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">530</td>
+ <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">5.92</td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">589</td>
+ <td>includes GPOS for advanced position adjustment</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section id="devanagari_fonts">
+ <title>Devanagari Fonts</title>
+ <table>
+ <colgrp>
+ <col style="width: 15%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 10%"/>
+ <col style="width: 65%"/>
+ </colgrp>
+ <tr>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Font</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Version</th>
+ <th style="text-align:center">Glyphs</th>
+ <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=370">Aparajita</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1700">1.00</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=374">Kokila</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1749">1.00</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=243">Mangal</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1759">5.01</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">885</td>
+ <td>designed for use in user interfaces</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=384">Utsaah</link></td>
+ <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1811">1.00</link></td>
+ <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="limitations">
+ <title>Other Limitations</title>
+ <p>
+ Complex scripts support in Apache FOP is relatively new, so there are certain
+ limitations. Please help us identify and close any gaps.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Only the PDF output format fully supports complex scripts features at the present time.</li>
+ <li>Shaping context does not extend across an element boundary. This limitation prevents the use of
+ <code>fo:character</code>, <code>fo:inline</code> or <code>fo:wrapper</code> in order to colorize
+ individual Arabic letters without affecting shaping behavior across the element boundary.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="links">
+ <title>Related Links</title>
+ <p>
+ In addition to the XSL-FO specification, a number of external resources provide
+ guidance about authoring documents that employ complex scripts and the features
+ described above:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><link href="http://www.unicode.org/">The Unicode Standard</link></li>
+ <li><link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override">Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm</link></li>
+ <li><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/ttochap1.htm">OpenType Advanced Typographic Extensions</link></li>
+ <li><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=CmplxRndExamples">Examples of Complex Rendering</link></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Configuration</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+
+ <body>
+ <section id="general">
+ <title>Configuration File Basics</title>
+ <p>
+ The Apache™ FOP configuration file is an XML file containing a variety of settings that are useful
+ for controlling FOP's behavior, and for helping it find resources that you wish it to use.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The easiest way to get started using a FOP configuration file is to copy the sample found
+ at <code>{fop-dir}/conf/fop.xconf</code> to a location of your choice, and then to
+ edit it according to your needs.
+ It contains templates for the various configuration options, most of which are commented
+ out. Remove the comments and change the settings for entries that you wish to use.
+ Be sure to follow any instructions, including comments which specify the value range.
+ Also, since the configuration file is XML, be sure to keep it well-formed.
+ </p>
+ <section id="general-available">
+ <title>Making Configuration Available to FOP</title>
+ <p>After creating your configuration file, you must tell FOP how to find it:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ If running FOP from the command-line, see the "-c" command-line option in
+ <a href="running.html">Running FOP</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ If running FOP as an embedded application, see
+ <a href="embedding.html#config-external">Embedding, Using a Configuration File</a>.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ See <a href="embedding.html#config-internal">Setting the Configuration Programmatically</a>
+ for instructions on how to do so in an embedded environment.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="general-elements">
+ <title>Summary of the General Configuration Options</title>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Element</th>
+ <th>Data Type (for the value)</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+ <th>Default Value</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>base</td>
+ <td>URL or directory</td>
+ <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative URL will be resolved.</td>
+ <td>current directory</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>font-base</td>
+ <td>URL or directory</td>
+ <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative font URLs will be resolved.
+ </td>
+ <td>base URL/directory (above)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>hyphenation-base</td>
+ <td>URL or directory</td>
+ <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative URLs to hyphenation pattern
+ files will be resolved. If not specified, support for user-supplied hyphenation
+ patterns remains disabled.
+ </td>
+ <td>disabled</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="4">Relative URIs for the above three properties are evaluated relative to the base URI of the configuration file. If the configuration is provided programmatically, the base URI can be set with <code>FopFactory.setUserConfigBaseURI</code>; default is the current working directory.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>hyphenation-pattern</td>
+ <td>String, attribute lang, attribute country (optional)</td>
+ <td>Register a file name for the hyphenation pattern for the mentioned language and country. Language ll and country CC must both consist of two letters.</td>
+ <td>ll_CC</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>source-resolution</td>
+ <td>Integer, dpi</td>
+ <td>
+ Resolution in dpi (dots per inch) which is used internally to determine the pixel
+ size for SVG images and bitmap images without resolution information.
+ </td>
+ <td>72 dpi</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>target-resolution</td>
+ <td>Integer, dpi</td>
+ <td>
+ Resolution in dpi (dots per inch) used to specify the output resolution for bitmap
+ images generated by bitmap renderers (such as the TIFF renderer) and by bitmaps
+ generated by Apache Batik for filter effects and such.
+ </td>
+ <td>72 dpi</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>strict-configuration</td>
+ <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
+ <td>
+ Setting this option to 'true' will cause FOP to strictly verify the contents of the
+ FOP configuration file to ensure that defined resources (such as fonts and base
+ URLs/directories) are valid and available to FOP. Any errors found will cause FOP to
+ immediately raise an exception.</td>
+ <td>false</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>strict-validation</td>
+ <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
+ <td>
+ Setting this option to 'false' causes FOP to be more forgiving about XSL-FO validity,
+ for example, you're allowed to specify a border on a region-body which is supported
+ by some FO implementations but is non-standard. Note that such a border would
+ currently have no effect in Apache FOP.</td>
+ <td>true</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>break-indent-inheritance</td>
+ <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
+ <td>
+ Setting this option to 'true' causes FOP to use an alternative rule set to determine
+ text indents specified through margins, start-indent and end-indent. Many commercial
+ FO implementations have chosen to break the XSL specification in this aspect. This
+ option tries to mimic their behaviour. Please note that Apache FOP may still not
+ behave exactly like those implementations either because FOP has not fully matched
+ the desired behaviour and because the behaviour among the commercial implementations
+ varies. The default for this option (i.e. false) is to behave exactly like the
+ specification describes.</td>
+ <td>false</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>complex-scripts</td>
+ <td>attribute disabled (optional)</td>
+ <td>
+ If present and if an attribute 'disabled' is specified with the value 'false', then
+ complex script features are disabled. The same result can be obtained on an FOP
+ per-invocation basis by specifying a '-nocs' command line option when invoking FOP.
+ When complex script features are disabled, all bidirectional processing and complex
+ character to glyph mapping processing is disabled; in addition, the loading of
+ GDEF, GSUB, and GPOS advanced typographic tables is disabled for OpenType and
+ TrueType fonts. Unless disabled by this mechanism or by use of the '-nocs' command
+ line option, complex script features will be enabled by default.
+ </td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>default-page-settings</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ <td>
+ Specifies the default width and height of a page if "auto" is specified
+ for either or both values. Use "height" and "width" attributes on the
+ default-page-settings element to specify the two values.</td>
+ <td>"height" 11 inches, "width" 8.26 inches</td>
+ </tr>
+ <!-- Disabled: no simultaneous Renderer and IF implementations at the moment
+ <tr>
+ <td>prefer-renderer</td>
+ <td>boolean (true, false)</td>
+ <td>
+ By default, FOP prefers the newer output implementations based on the
+ <code>IFDocumentHandler</code> interface. If no such implementation can be found for
+ a given MIME type, it looks for an implementation of the <code>Renderer</code> interface.
+ If necessary, you can invert the lookup order to prefer the Renderer variant over the
+ IFDocumentHandler variant by setting this value to true.
+ </td>
+ <td>false</td>
+ </tr>
+ -->
+ <tr>
+ <td>use-cache</td>
+ <td>boolean (true, false)</td>
+ <td>All fonts information that has been gathered as a result of "directory"
+ or "auto-detect" font configurations will be cached for future rendering runs.
+ This setting should improve performance on systems where
+ fonts have been configured using the "directory" or "auto-detect" tag mechanisms.
+ By default this option is switched on.</td>
+ <td>true</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>cache-file</td>
+ <td>String</td>
+ <td>This option specifies the file/directory path of the fop cache file.
+ This file is currently only used to cache font triplet information for future reference.</td>
+ <td>${base}/conf/fop.cache</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>renderers</td>
+ <td>(see text below)</td>
+ <td>Contains the configuration for each renderer. See below.</td>
+ <td>N/A</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ This is an excerpt from the example configuration file coming with FOP:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fop version="1.0">
+
+ <!-- Strict user configuration -->
+ <strict-configuration>true</strict-configuration>
+
+ <!-- Strict FO validation -->
+ <strict-validation>true</strict-validation>
+
+ <!-- Base URL for resolving relative URLs -->
+ <base>./</base>
+
+ <!-- Font Base URL for resolving relative font URLs -->
+ <font-base>./</font-base>
+
+ <!-- Source resolution in dpi (dots/pixels per inch) for determining the size of pixels in SVG and bitmap images, default: 72dpi -->
+ <source-resolution>72</source-resolution>
+ <!-- Target resolution in dpi (dots/pixels per inch) for specifying the target resolution for generated bitmaps, default: 72dpi -->
+ <target-resolution>72</target-resolution>
+
+ <!-- default page-height and page-width, in case
+ value is specified as auto -->
+ <default-page-settings height="11in" width="8.26in"/>
+
+ <!-- Use file name nl_Bel instead of the default nl_BE -->
+ <hyphenation-pattern lang="nl" country="BE">nl_Bel</hyphenation-pattern>
+
+ <!-- etc. etc..... -->
+</fop>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="image-loading">
+ <title>Image Loading Customization</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP uses the image loading framework from
+ <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/">Apache XML Graphics Commons</a> to load
+ images using various plug-ins. Every image loader plug-in has a hard-coded usage penalty
+ that influences which solution is chosen if there are multiple possibilities to load an image.
+ Sometimes, though, these penalties need to be tweaked and this can be done in the FOP
+ configuration. An example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<fop version="1.0">
+ [..]
+ <image-loading>
+ <penalty value="10000"
+ class="org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.impl.ImageLoaderRawCCITTFax"/>
+ <penalty value="INFINITE"
+ class="org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.impl.ImageLoaderInternalTIFF"/>
+ </image-loading>
+ <renderers....
+</fop>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The first penalty element increases the penalty for the raw CCITT loader. This practically
+ forces the decoding of CCITT compressed TIFF images except if there are no TIFF codecs
+ available.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The second penalty element sets an "infinite" penalty for the TIFF loader using the internal
+ TIFF codec. This practically disables that plug-in as it will never be chosen as a possible
+ solution.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Negative penalties are possible to promote a plug-in but a negative penalty sum will be
+ treated as zero penalty in most cases. For more details on the image loading framework,
+ please consult the documentation there.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="renderers">
+ <title>Renderer configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ Each Renderer has its own configuration section which is identified by the
+ MIME type the Renderer is written for, ex. "application/pdf" for the PDF Renderer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The configuration for the PDF Renderer could look like this:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderers>
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <filterList>
+ <!-- provides compression using zlib flate (default is on) -->
+ <value>flate</value>
+ </filterList>
+ <fonts>
+ <font metrics-url="arial.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arial.ttf">
+ <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font metrics-url="arialb.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arialb.ttf">
+ <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ </fonts>
+ </renderer>
+
+ <renderer mime="application/postscript">
+ <!-- etc. etc..... -->]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The details on the font configuration can be found on the separate <a href="fonts.html">Fonts</a> page.
+ Note especially the section entitled <a href="fonts.html#register">Register Fonts with FOP</a>.
+ </p>
+ <section id="pdf-renderer">
+ <title>Special Settings for the PDF Renderer</title>
+ <p>
+ The configuration element for the PDF renderer contains two elements. One is for the font configuration
+ (please follow the link above) and one is for the "filter list". The filter list controls how the
+ individual objects in a PDF file are encoded. By default, all objects get "flate" encoded (i.e. simply
+ compressed with the same algorithm that is also used in ZIP files). Most users don't need to change that
+ setting. For debugging purposes, it may be desired not to compress the internal objects at all so the
+ generated PDF commands can be read. In that case, you can simply use the following filter list. The
+ second filter list (type="image") ensures that all images still get compressed but also ASCII-85 encoded
+ so the produced PDF file is still easily readable in a text editor.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <filterList>
+ <value>null</value>
+ </filterList>
+ <filterList type="image">
+ <value>flate</value>
+ <value>ascii-85</value>
+ </filterList>
+
+ <fonts....
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Another (optional) setting specific to the PDF Renderer is an output color profile, an ICC
+ color profile which indicates the target color space the PDF file is generated for. This
+ setting is mainly used in conjunction with the <a href="pdfx.html">PDF/X</a> feature.
+ An example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <filterList...
+
+ <output-profile>C:\FOP\Color\EuropeISOCoatedFOGRA27.icc</output-profile>
+
+ <fonts....
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Some people don't have high requirements on color fidelity but instead want the smallest
+ PDF file sizes possible. In this case it's possible to disable the default sRGB color space
+ which XSL-FO requires. This will cause RGB colors to be generated as device-specific RGB.
+ Please note that this option is unavailable (and will cause an error) if you enable
+ PDF/A or PDF/X functionality or if you specify an output profile. This setting will make the
+ PDF about 4KB smaller. To disable the sRGB color space add the following setting:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <filterList...
+
+ <disable-srgb-colorspace>true</disable-srgb-colorspace>
+
+ <fonts....
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+
+ <p>FOP supports encryption of PDF output, thanks to Patrick C. Lankswert.
+ This feature is commonly used to prevent unauthorized viewing, printing, editing, copying text
+ from the document and doing annotations. It is also possible to ask the user for a password in
+ order to view the contents. Note that there already exist third party applications which can
+ decrypt an encrypted PDF without effort and allow the aforementioned operations, therefore the
+ degree of protection is limited. For further information about features and restrictions
+ regarding PDF encryption, look at the documentation coming with Adobe Acrobat or the technical
+ documentation on the Adobe web site.</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <encryption-params>
+ <encryption-length>128</encryption-length>
+ <user-password>testuserpass</user-password>
+ <owner-password>testownerpass</owner-password>
+ <noprint/>
+ <nocopy/>
+ <noedit/>
+ <noannotations/>
+ <nofillinforms/>
+ <noaccesscontent/>
+ <noassembledoc/>
+ <noprinthq/>
+ </encryption-params>
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ By default FOP produces PDF files of version 1.4, but this can be changed in order to benefit
+ from features that appeared in newer versions of PDF. At the moment, only a few features from
+ PDF 1.5 have been implemented, but the configuration element will accept any value between
+ 1.4 and 1.7. This is the value that will appear in the PDF header, although only features up
+ to 1.5 will actually be used.
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <version>1.5</version>
+ <!-- Versions 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 are accepted, all other values are invalid -->
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+ </p>
+
+ </section>
+ <section id="ps-renderer">
+ <title>Special Settings for the PostScript Renderer</title>
+ <p>
+ Besides the normal font configuration (the same "fonts" element as for the PDF renderer) the PostScript
+ renderer has an additional setting to force landscape pages to be rotated to fit on a page inserted into
+ the printer in portrait mode. Set the value to "true" to activate this feature. The default is "false".
+ Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer mime="application/postscript">
+ <auto-rotate-landscape>true</auto-rotate-landscape>
+
+ <fonts>
+ <font metrics-url="arial.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arial.ttf">
+ <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font metrics-url="arialb.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arialb.ttf">
+ <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ </fonts>
+ </renderer>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-renderer">
+ <title>Special Settings for the PCL Renderer</title>
+ <p>
+ Non-standard fonts for the PCL renderer are made available through the Java2D subsystem which means that
+ you don't have to do any custom font configuration in this case but you have to use the font names
+ offered by Java.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Additionally, there are certain settings that control how the renderer handles various elements.
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-pcl">
+ <rendering>quality</rendering>
+ <text-rendering>bitmap</text-rendering>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "rendering" setting is "speed" which causes borders
+ to be painted as plain rectangles. In this mode, no special borders (dotted,
+ dashed etc.) are available. If you want support for all border modes, set the
+ value to "quality" as indicated above. This will cause the borders to be painted
+ as bitmaps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "text-rendering" setting is "auto" which paints the
+ base fonts using PCL fonts. Non-base fonts are painted as bitmaps through Java2D.
+ If the mix of painting methods results in unwelcome output, you can set this
+ to "bitmap" which causes all text to be rendered as bitmaps.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-renderer">
+ <title>Special Settings for the AFP Renderer</title>
+ <p>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Additionally, there are certain settings that control how the renderer handles various elements.
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-afp">
+ <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" native="true"/>
+ <renderer-resolution>240</renderer-resolution>
+ <line-width-correction>2.5</line-width-correction>
+
+ <!-- a default external resource group file -->
+ <resource-group-file>resources.afp</resource-group-file>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the images "mode" setting is "b+w" (black and white). When the images "mode" setting is "b+w" a "bits-per-pixel" setting can be provided to aid the grayscale conversion process. With this setting all images referenced in your source document are converted to an IOCA FS45 grayscale bitmap image form.
+ When the setting is "color" all images are converted to an IOCA FS45 color bitmap image form. When "native" setting is "true", all images encountered (TIFF, GIF, JPEG and Encapsulated Postscript etc.) will be embedded directly in the datastream in their native form using a MO:DCA Object Container.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "renderer-resolution" is 240 dpi.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default line width is device dependent and may need to be fine tuned so that the output matches the expected result. The default correction value is 2.5.
+ </p>
+ <!--
+ <p>
+ The default value for the MO:DCA "interchange-set" is "MO:DCA-L". Other compliance settings include presentation interchange sets "MO:DCA-P IS/1" and "MO:DCA-P IS/2" (Resource Groups).
+ </p>
+ -->
+ <p>
+ By default if there is no configuration definition for "resource-group-file", external resources will be placed in a file called resources.afp.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+
+ <section>
+ <title>When it does not work</title>
+
+ <p>FOP searches the configuration file for the information it
+expects, at the position it expects. When that information is not
+present, FOP will not complain, it will just continue. When there is
+other information in the file, FOP will not complain, it will just
+ignore it. That means that when your configuration information is in
+the file but in a different XML element, or in a different XML path,
+than FOP expects, it will be silently ignored.</p>
+
+ <p>Check the following possibilities:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>The format of the configuration file has changed
+considerably between FOP 0.20.5 and FOP 1.0 and its beta versions. Did
+you convert your file to the new format?</li>
+
+ <li>The FOP distribution contains a schema for configuration
+files, at src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd. Did you validate your
+configuration file against it? Add the following schema location to
+the <code>schema</code> element:
+
+<source><![CDATA[<fop
+xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=
+"http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd?view=co">]]>
+</source>
+
+and run the configuration file through a validating schema
+parser. Note that the schema cannot detect all errors, and that it is
+stricter about the order of some elements than FOP itself is.</li>
+
+ <li>Run FOP in debug mode (command line option
+<code>-d</code>). This makes FOP report which configuration
+information it finds. Check if FOP finds what you expect.</li>
+
+ </ul>
+
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<!-- Embedding FOP -->
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Embedding</title>
+ <subtitle>How to Embed FOP in a Java application</subtitle>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ Review <a href="running.html">Running Apache™ FOP</a> for important information that applies
+ to embedded applications as well as command-line use, such as options and performance.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ To embed Apache™ FOP in your application, first create a new
+ org.apache.fop.apps.FopFactory instance. This object can be used to launch multiple
+ rendering runs. For each run, create a new org.apache.fop.apps.Fop instance through
+ one of the factory methods of FopFactory. In the method call you specify which output
+ format (i.e. MIME type) to use and, if the selected output format requires an
+ OutputStream, which OutputStream to use for the results of the rendering. You can
+ customize FOP's behaviour in a rendering run by supplying your own FOUserAgent
+ instance. The FOUserAgent can, for example, be used to set your own document handler
+ instance (details below). Finally, you retrieve a SAX DefaultHandler instance from
+ the Fop object and use that as the SAXResult of your transformation.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="API">
+ <title>The API</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP has many classes which express the "public" access modifier, however, this is not
+ indicative of their inclusion into the public API. Every attempt will be made to keep the
+ public API static, to minimize regressions for existing users, however, since the API is not
+ clearly defined, the list of classes below are the generally agreed public API:
+ <source><![CDATA[
+org.apache.fop.apps.*
+org.apache.fop.fo.FOEventHandler
+org.apache.fop.fo.ElementMappingRegistry
+org.apache.fop.fonts.FontManager
+org.apache.fop.events.EventListener
+org.apache.fop.events.Event
+org.apache.fop.events.model.EventSeverity
+org.apache.fop.render.ImageHandlerRegistry
+org.apache.fop.render.RendererFactory
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFContext
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFException
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFParser
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFSerializer
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFUtil
+org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.util.IFConcatenator]]></source>
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="basics">
+ <title>Basic Usage Pattern</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP relies heavily on JAXP. It uses SAX events exclusively to receive the XSL-FO
+ input document. It is therefore a good idea that you know a few things about JAXP (which
+ is a good skill anyway). Let's look at the basic usage pattern for FOP...
+ </p>
+ <p>Here is the basic pattern to render an XSL-FO file to PDF:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+import org.apache.fop.apps.FopFactory;
+import org.apache.fop.apps.Fop;
+import org.apache.fop.apps.MimeConstants;
+
+/*..*/
+
+// Step 1: Construct a FopFactory
+// (reuse if you plan to render multiple documents!)
+FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+
+// Step 2: Set up output stream.
+// Note: Using BufferedOutputStream for performance reasons (helpful with FileOutputStreams).
+OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:/Temp/myfile.pdf")));
+
+try {
+ // Step 3: Construct fop with desired output format
+ Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, out);
+
+ // Step 4: Setup JAXP using identity transformer
+ TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+ Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(); // identity transformer
+
+ // Step 5: Setup input and output for XSLT transformation
+ // Setup input stream
+ Source src = new StreamSource(new File("C:/Temp/myfile.fo"));
+
+ // Resulting SAX events (the generated FO) must be piped through to FOP
+ Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
+
+ // Step 6: Start XSLT transformation and FOP processing
+ transformer.transform(src, res);
+
+} finally {
+ //Clean-up
+ out.close();
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Let's discuss these 5 steps in detail:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 1:</strong> You create a new FopFactory instance. The FopFactory instance holds
+ references to configuration information and cached data. It's important to reuse this
+ instance if you plan to render multiple documents during a JVM's lifetime.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 2:</strong> You set up an OutputStream that the generated document
+ will be written to. It's a good idea to buffer the OutputStream as demonstrated
+ to improve performance.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 3:</strong> You create a new Fop instance through one of the factory
+ methods on the FopFactory. You tell the FopFactory what your desired output format
+ is. This is done by using the MIME type of the desired output format (ex. "application/pdf").
+ You can use one of the MimeConstants.* constants. The second parameter is the
+ OutputStream you've setup up in step 2.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 4</strong> We recommend that you use JAXP Transformers even
+ if you don't do XSLT transformations to generate the XSL-FO file. This way
+ you can always use the same basic pattern. The example here sets up an
+ "identity transformer" which just passes the input (Source) unchanged to the
+ output (Result). You don't have to work with a SAXParser if you don't do any
+ XSLT transformations.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 5:</strong> Here you set up the input and output for the XSLT
+ transformation. The Source object is set up to load the "myfile.fo" file.
+ The Result is set up so the output of the XSLT transformation is sent to FOP.
+ The FO file is sent to FOP in the form of SAX events which is the most efficient
+ way. Please always avoid saving intermediate results to a file or a memory buffer
+ because that affects performance negatively.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Step 6:</strong> Finally, we start the XSLT transformation by starting
+ the JAXP Transformer. As soon as the JAXP Transformer starts to send its output
+ to FOP, FOP itself starts its processing in the background. When the
+ <code>transform()</code> method returns FOP will also have finished converting
+ the FO file to a PDF file and you can close the OutputStream.
+ <note label="Tip!">
+ It's a good idea to enclose the whole conversion in a try..finally statement. If
+ you close the OutputStream in the finally section, this will make sure that the
+ OutputStream is properly closed even if an exception occurs during the conversion.
+ </note>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ If you're not totally familiar with JAXP Transformers, please have a look at the
+ <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> below. The section contains examples
+ for all sorts of use cases. If you look at all of them in turn you should be able
+ to see the patterns in use and the flexibility this approach offers without adding
+ too much complexity.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ This may look complicated at first, but it's really just the combination of an
+ XSL transformation and a FOP run. It's also easy to comment out the FOP part
+ for debugging purposes, for example when you're tracking down a bug in your
+ stylesheet. You can easily write the XSL-FO output from the XSL transformation
+ to a file to check if that part generates the expected output. An example for that
+ can be found in the <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> (See "ExampleXML2FO").
+ </p>
+ <section id="basic-logging">
+ <title>Logging</title>
+ <p>
+ Logging is now a little different than it was in FOP 0.20.5. We've switched from
+ Avalon Logging to <a href="ext:commons-logging">Jakarta Commons Logging</a>.
+ While with Avalon Logging the loggers were directly given to FOP, FOP now retrieves
+ its logger(s) through a statically available LogFactory. This is similar to the
+ general pattern that you use when you work with Apache Log4J directly, for example.
+ We call this "static logging" (Commons Logging, Log4J) as opposed to "instance logging"
+ (Avalon Logging). This has a consequence: You can't give FOP a logger for each
+ processing run anymore. The log output of multiple, simultaneously running FOP instances
+ is sent to the same logger.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ By default, <a href="ext:commons-logging">Jakarta Commons Logging</a> uses
+ JDK logging (available in JDKs 1.4 or higher) as its backend. You can configure Commons
+ Logging to use an alternative backend, for example Log4J. Please consult the
+ <a href="ext:commons-logging">documentation for Jakarta Commons Logging</a> on
+ how to configure alternative backends.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ As a result of the above we differentiate between two kinds of "logging":
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>(FOP-)Developer-oriented logging</li>
+ <li><a href="events.html">User/Integrator-oriented feedback</a> (NEW!)</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ The use of "feedback" instead of "logging" is intentional. Most people were using
+ log output as a means to get feedback from events within FOP. Therefore, FOP now
+ includes an <code>event</code> package which can be used to receive feedback from
+ the layout engine and other components within FOP <strong>per rendering run</strong>.
+ This feedback is not just some
+ text but event objects with parameters so these events can be interpreted by code.
+ Of course, there is a facility to turn these events into normal human-readable
+ messages. For details, please read on on the <a href="events.html">Events page</a>.
+ This leaves normal logging to be mostly a thing used by the FOP developers
+ although anyone can surely activate certain logging categories but the feedback
+ from the loggers won't be separated by processing runs. If this is required,
+ the <a href="events.html">Events subsystem</a> is the right approach.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="render">
+ <title>Processing XSL-FO</title>
+ <p>
+ Once the Fop instance is set up, call <code>getDefaultHandler()</code> to obtain a SAX
+ DefaultHandler instance to which you can send the SAX events making up the XSL-FO
+ document you'd like to render. FOP processing starts as soon as the DefaultHandler's
+ <code>startDocument()</code> method is called. Processing stops again when the
+ DefaultHandler's <code>endDocument()</code> method is called. Please refer to the basic
+ usage pattern shown above to render a simple XSL-FO document.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="render-with-xslt">
+ <title>Processing XSL-FO generated from XML+XSLT</title>
+ <p>
+ If you want to process XSL-FO generated from XML using XSLT we recommend
+ again using standard JAXP to do the XSLT part and piping the generated SAX
+ events directly through to FOP. The only thing you'd change to do that
+ on the basic usage pattern above is to set up the Transformer differently:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ //without XSLT:
+ //Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(); // identity transformer
+
+ //with XSLT:
+ Source xslt = new StreamSource(new File("mystylesheet.xsl"));
+ Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(xslt);]]></source>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="input">
+ <title>Input Sources</title>
+ <p>
+ The input XSL-FO document is always received by FOP as a SAX stream (see the
+ <a href="../dev/design/parsing.html">Parsing Design Document</a> for the rationale).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ However, you may not always have your input document available as a SAX stream.
+ But with JAXP it's easy to convert different input sources to a SAX stream so you
+ can pipe it into FOP. That sounds more difficult than it is. You simply have
+ to set up the right Source instance as input for the JAXP transformation.
+ A few examples:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <strong>URL:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource("http://localhost:8080/testfile.xml");</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>File:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new File("C:/Temp/myinputfile.xml"));</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>String:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new StringReader(myString)); // myString is a String</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>InputStream:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new MyInputStream(something));</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Byte Array:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new ByteArrayInputStream(myBuffer)); // myBuffer is a byte[] here</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>DOM:</strong> <code>Source src = new DOMSource(myDocument); // myDocument is a Document or a Node</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong>Java Objects:</strong> Please have a look at the <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> which contain an example for this.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ There are a variety of upstream data manipulations possible.
+ For example, you may have a DOM and an XSL stylesheet; or you may want to
+ set variables in the stylesheet. Interface documentation and some cookbook
+ solutions to these situations are provided in
+ <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/usagepatterns.html">Xalan Basic Usage Patterns</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="config-internal">
+ <title>Configuring Apache FOP Programmatically</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP provides two levels on which you can customize FOP's
+ behaviour: the FopFactory and the user agent.
+ </p>
+ <section id="fop-factory">
+ <title>Customizing the FopFactory</title>
+ <p>
+ The FopFactory holds configuration data and references to objects which are reusable over
+ multiple rendering runs. It's important to instantiate it only once (except in special
+ environments) and reuse it every time to create new FOUserAgent and Fop instances.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ You can set all sorts of things on the FopFactory:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ The <strong>font base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs for fonts. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.getFontManager().setFontBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/fonts");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ The <strong>hyphenation base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs for
+ hyphenation patterns. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.setHyphenBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/hyph");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Disable <strong>strict validation</strong>. When disabled FOP is less strict about the rules
+ established by the XSL-FO specification. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.setStrictValidation(false);</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Enable an <strong>alternative set of rules for text indents</strong> that tries to mimic the behaviour of many commercial
+ FO implementations, that chose to break the specification in this respect. The default of this option is
+ 'false', which causes Apache FOP to behave exactly as described in the specification. To enable the
+ alternative behaviour, call:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.setBreakIndentInheritanceOnReferenceAreaBoundary(true);</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>source resolution</strong> for the document. This is used internally to determine the pixel
+ size for SVG images and bitmap images without resolution information. Default: 72 dpi. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.setSourceResolution(96); // =96dpi (dots/pixels per Inch)</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Manually add an <strong>ElementMapping instance</strong>. If you want to supply a special FOP extension
+ you can give the instance to the FOUserAgent. Normally, the FOP extensions can be automatically detected
+ (see the documentation on extension for more info). Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.addElementMapping(myElementMapping); // myElementMapping is a org.apache.fop.fo.ElementMapping</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set a <strong>URIResolver</strong> for custom URI resolution. By supplying a JAXP URIResolver you can add
+ custom URI resolution functionality to FOP. For example, you can use
+ <a href="ext:xml.apache.org/commons/resolver">Apache XML Commons Resolver</a> to make use of XCatalogs. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>fopFactory.setURIResolver(myResolver); // myResolver is a javax.xml.transform.URIResolver</source>
+ <note>
+ Both the FopFactory and the FOUserAgent have a method to set a URIResolver. The URIResolver on the FopFactory
+ is primarily used to resolve URIs on factory-level (hyphenation patterns, for example) and it is always used
+ if no other URIResolver (for example on the FOUserAgent) resolved the URI first.
+ </note>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="user-agent">
+ <title>Customizing the User Agent</title>
+ <p>
+ The user agent is the entity that allows you to interact with a single rendering run, i.e. the processing of a single
+ document. If you wish to customize the user agent's behaviour, the first step is to create your own instance
+ of FOUserAgent using the appropriate factory method on FopFactory and pass that
+ to the factory method that will create a new Fop instance:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance(); // Reuse the FopFactory if possible!
+ // do the following for each new rendering run
+ FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+ // customize userAgent
+ Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_POSTSCRIPT, userAgent, out);]]></source>
+ <p>
+ You can do all sorts of things on the user agent:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ The <strong>base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>producer</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. The default producer is "Apache FOP". Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setProducer("MyKillerApplication");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>creating user</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setCreator("John Doe");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>author</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setAuthor("John Doe");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Override the <strong>creation date and time</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setCreationDate(new Date());</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>title</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setTitle("Invoice No 138716847");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>keywords</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setKeywords("XML XSL-FO");</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set the <strong>target resolution</strong> for the document. This is used to
+ specify the output resolution for bitmap images generated by bitmap renderers
+ (such as the TIFF renderer) and by bitmaps generated by Apache Batik for filter
+ effects and such. Default: 72 dpi. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setTargetResolution(300); // =300dpi (dots/pixels per Inch)</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set <strong>your own Document Handler</strong>. This feature can be used for several purposes, the most likey usage of which would probably be
+ binding a MIME type when the output is Intermediate Format (see <a href="#documenthandlers">Document Handlers</a>). This also allows advanced
+ users to create their own implementation of the document handler.
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setDocumentHandlerOverride(documentHandler) // documentHandler is an instance of org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set <strong>your own FOEventHandler instance</strong>. If you want to supply your own FOEventHandler or
+ configure an FOEventHandler subclass in a special way you can give the instance to the FOUserAgent. Normally,
+ the FOEventHandler instance is created by FOP. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setFOEventHandlerOverride(myFOEventHandler); // myFOEventHandler is an org.apache.fop.fo.FOEventHandler</source>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ Set a <strong>URIResolver</strong> for custom URI resolution. By supplying a JAXP URIResolver you can add
+ custom URI resolution functionality to FOP. For example, you can use
+ <a href="ext:xml.apache.org/commons/resolver">Apache XML Commons Resolver</a> to make use of XCatalogs. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source>userAgent.setURIResolver(myResolver); // myResolver is a javax.xml.transform.URIResolver</source>
+ <note>
+ Both the FopFactory and the FOUserAgent have a method to set a URIResolver. The URIResolver on the FOUserAgent is
+ used for resolving URIs which are document-related. If it's not set or cannot resolve a URI, the URIResolver
+ from the FopFactory is used.
+ </note>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <note>
+ You should not reuse an FOUserAgent instance between FOP rendering runs although you can. Especially
+ in multi-threaded environment, this is a bad idea.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="config-external">
+ <title>Using a Configuration File</title>
+ <p>
+ Instead of setting the parameters manually in code as shown above you can also set
+ many values from an XML configuration file:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration;
+import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.DefaultConfigurationBuilder;
+
+/*..*/
+
+DefaultConfigurationBuilder cfgBuilder = new DefaultConfigurationBuilder();
+Configuration cfg = cfgBuilder.buildFromFile(new File("C:/Temp/mycfg.xml"));
+fopFactory.setUserConfig(cfg);
+
+/* ..or.. */
+
+fopFactory.setUserConfig(new File("C:/Temp/mycfg.xml"));]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The layout of the configuration file is described on the <a href="configuration.html">Configuration page</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="documenthandlers">
+ <title>Document Handlers</title>
+ <p>
+ The document handlers are classes that inherit from <code>org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler</code>. This
+ is an interface for which a MIME type specific implementation can be created. This same handler is used either when XSL-FO
+ is used as the input or when Intermediate Format is used. Since IF is output format agnostic, if custom fonts or other
+ configuration information that affect layout (specific to a particular MIME type) are given then FOP needs that contextual
+ information. The document handler provides that context so that when the IF is rendered, it is more visually consistent with
+ FO rendering. The code below shows an example of how a document handler can be used to provide PDF configuration data to the
+ IFSerializer.
+ <source><![CDATA[
+IFDocumentHandler targetHandler = userAgent.getRendererFactory().createDocumentHandler(userAgent, MimeConstants.MIME_PDF);
+
+IFSerializer ifSerializer = new IFSerializer(); //Create the IFSerializer to write the intermediate format
+ifSerializer.setContext(new IFContext(userAgent));
+ifSerializer.mimicDocumentHandler(targetHandler); //Tell the IFSerializer to mimic the target format
+
+userAgent.setDocumentHandlerOverride(ifSerializer); //Make sure the prepared document handler is used
+ ]]></source>
+ The rest of the code is the same as in <a href="#basics">Basic Usage Patterns</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="hints">
+ <title>Hints</title>
+ <section id="object-reuse">
+ <title>Object reuse</title>
+ <p>
+ Fop instances shouldn't (and can't) be reused. Please recreate
+ Fop and FOUserAgent instances for each rendering run using the FopFactory.
+ This is a cheap operation as all reusable information is held in the
+ FopFactory. That's why it's so important to reuse the FopFactory instance.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="awt">
+ <title>AWT issues</title>
+ <p>
+ If your XSL-FO files contain SVG then Apache Batik will be used. When Batik is
+ initialised it uses certain classes in <code>java.awt</code> that
+ intialise the Java AWT classes. This means that a daemon thread
+ is created by the JVM and on Unix it will need to connect to a
+ DISPLAY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The thread means that the Java application may not automatically quit
+ when finished, you will need to call <code>System.exit()</code>. These
+ issues should be fixed in the JDK 1.4.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If you run into trouble running FOP on a head-less server, please see the
+ <a href="graphics.html#batik">notes on Batik</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="render-info">
+ <title>Getting information on the rendering process</title>
+ <p>
+ To get the number of pages that were rendered by FOP you can call
+ <code>Fop.getResults()</code>. This returns a <code>FormattingResults</code> object
+ where you can look up the number of pages produced. It also gives you the
+ page-sequences that were produced along with their id attribute and their
+ numbers of pages. This is particularly useful if you render multiple
+ documents (each enclosed by a page-sequence) and have to know the number of
+ pages of each document.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="performance">
+ <title>Improving performance</title>
+ <p>
+ There are several options to consider:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Whenever possible, try to use SAX to couple the individual components involved
+ (parser, XSL transformer, SQL datasource etc.).
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Depending on the target OutputStream (in case of a FileOutputStream, but not
+ for a ByteArrayOutputStream, for example) it may improve performance considerably
+ if you buffer the OutputStream using a BufferedOutputStream:
+ <code>out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);</code>
+ <br/>
+ Make sure you properly close the OutputStream when FOP is finished.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Cache the stylesheet. If you use the same stylesheet multiple times
+ you can set up a JAXP <code>Templates</code> object and reuse it each time you do
+ the XSL transformation. (More information can be found
+ <a class="fork" href="http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-05-2003/jw-0502-xsl.html">here</a>.)
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Use an XSLT compiler like <a class="fork" href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/xsltc_usage.html">XSLTC</a>
+ that comes with Xalan-J.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Fine-tune your stylesheet to make the XSLT process more efficient and to create XSL-FO that can
+ be processed by FOP more efficiently. Less is more: Try to make use of property inheritance where possible.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ You may also wish to consider trying to reduce <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/trunk/running.html#memory">memory usage</a>.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="multithreading">
+ <title>Multithreading FOP</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP may currently not be completely thread safe.
+ The code has not been fully tested for multi-threading issues, yet.
+ If you encounter any suspicious behaviour, please notify us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There is also a known issue with fonts being jumbled between threads when using
+ the Java2D/AWT renderer (which is used by the -awt and -print output options).
+ In general, you cannot safely run multiple threads through the AWT renderer.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+<section id="examples">
+ <title>Examples</title>
+ <p>
+ The directory "{fop-dir}/examples/embedding" contains several working examples.
+ </p>
+ <section id="ExampleFO2PDF">
+ <title>ExampleFO2PDF.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleFO2PDF.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+demonstrates the basic usage pattern to transform an XSL-FO
+file to PDF using FOP.
+ </p>
+ <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleFO2PDF.png" alt="Example XSL-FO to PDF"/>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleXML2FO">
+ <title>ExampleXML2FO.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleXML2FO.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+has nothing to do with FOP. It is there to show you how an XML
+file can be converted to XSL-FO using XSLT. The JAXP API is used to do the
+transformation. Make sure you've got a JAXP-compliant XSLT processor in your
+classpath (ex. <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j">Xalan</a>).
+ </p>
+ <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleXML2FO.png" alt="Example XML to XSL-FO"/>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleXML2PDF">
+ <title>ExampleXML2PDF.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleXML2PDF.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+demonstrates how you can convert an arbitrary XML file to PDF
+using XSLT and XSL-FO/FOP. It is a combination of the first two examples
+above. The example uses JAXP to transform the XML file to XSL-FO and FOP to
+transform the XSL-FO to PDF.
+ </p>
+ <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleXML2PDF.png" alt="Example XML to PDF (via XSL-FO)"/>
+ <p>
+The output (XSL-FO) from the XSL transformation is piped through to FOP using
+SAX events. This is the most efficient way to do this because the
+intermediate result doesn't have to be saved somewhere. Often, novice users
+save the intermediate result in a file, a byte array or a DOM tree. We
+strongly discourage you to do this if it isn't absolutely necessary. The
+performance is significantly higher with SAX.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleObj2XML">
+ <title>ExampleObj2XML.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleObj2XML.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+is a preparatory example for the next one. It's an example that
+shows how an arbitrary Java object can be converted to XML. It's an often
+needed task to do this. Often people create a DOM tree from a Java object and
+use that. This is pretty straightforward. The example here, however, shows how
+to do this using SAX, which will probably be faster and not even more
+complicated once you know how this works.
+ </p>
+ <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleObj2XML.png" alt="Example Java object to XML"/>
+ <p>
+For this example we've created two classes: ProjectTeam and ProjectMember
+(found in xml-fop/examples/embedding/java/embedding/model). They represent
+the same data structure found in
+xml-fop/examples/embedding/xml/xml/projectteam.xml. We want to serialize to XML a
+project team with several members which exist as Java objects.
+Therefore we created the two classes: ProjectTeamInputSource and
+ProjectTeamXMLReader (in the same place as ProjectTeam above).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+The XMLReader implementation (regard it as a special kind of XML parser) is
+responsible for creating SAX events from the Java object. The InputSource
+class is only used to hold the ProjectTeam object to be used.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+Have a look at the source of ExampleObj2XML.java to find out how this is
+used. For more detailed information see other resources on JAXP (ex.
+<a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxp/dist/1.1/docs/tutorial/xslt/3_generate.html">An older JAXP tutorial</a>).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleObj2PDF">
+ <title>ExampleObj2PDF.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleObj2PDF.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+combines the previous and the third to demonstrate
+how you can transform a Java object to a PDF directly in one smooth run
+by generating SAX events from the Java object that get fed to an XSL
+transformation. The result of the transformation is then converted to PDF
+using FOP as before.
+ </p>
+ <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleObj2PDF.png" alt="Example Java object to PDF (via XML and XSL-FO)"/>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleDOM2PDF">
+ <title>ExampleDOM2PDF.java</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleDOM2PDF.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+has FOP use a DOMSource instead of a StreamSource in order to
+use a DOM tree as input for an XSL transformation.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleSVG2PDF">
+ <title>ExampleSVG2PDF.java (PDF Transcoder example)</title>
+ <p>This
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleSVG2PDF.java?view=markup">
+ example</a>
+shows the usage of the PDF Transcoder, a sub-application within FOP.
+It is used to generate a PDF document from an SVG file.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ExampleConcat">
+ <title>ExampleConcat.java (IF Concatenation example)</title>
+ <p>
+This can be found in the <code>embedding.intermediate</code> package within the
+examples and describes how IF can be concatenated to produce a document. Because
+IF has been through FOPs layout engine, it should be visually consistent with FO
+rendered documents while allowing the user to merge numerous documents together.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="example-notes">
+ <title>Final notes</title>
+ <p>
+These examples should give you an idea of what's possible. It should be easy
+to adjust these examples to your needs. Also, if you have other examples that you
+think should be added here, please let us know via either the fop-users or fop-dev
+mailing lists. Finally, for more help please send your questions to the fop-users
+mailing list.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+</section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Events/Processing Feedback</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="introduction">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>
+ In versions until 0.20.5, Apache™ FOP used
+ <a href="http://excalibur.apache.org/framework/index.html">Avalon-style Logging</a> where
+ it was possible to supply a logger per processing run. During the redesign
+ the logging infrastructure was switched over to
+ <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging/">Commons Logging</a> which is (like Log4J or
+ java.util.logging) a "static" logging framework (the logger is accessed through static
+ variables). This made it very difficult in a multi-threaded system to retrieve information
+ for a single processing run.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ With FOP's event subsystem, we'd like to close this gap again and even go further. The
+ first point is to realize that we have two kinds of "logging". Firstly, we have the logging
+ infrastructure for the (FOP) developer who needs to be able to enable finer log messages
+ for certain parts of FOP to track down a certain problem. Secondly, we have the user who
+ would like to be informed about missing images, overflowing lines or substituted fonts.
+ These messages (or events) are targeted at less technical people and may ideally be
+ localized (translated). Furthermore, tool and solution builders would like to integrate
+ FOP into their own solutions. For example, an FO editor should be able to point the user
+ to the right place where a particular problem occurred while developing a document template.
+ Finally, some integrators would like to abort processing if a resource (an image or a font)
+ has not been found, while others would simply continue. The event system allows to
+ react on these events.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ On this page, we won't discuss logging as such. We will show how the event subsystem can
+ be used for various tasks. We'll first look at the event subsystem from the consumer side.
+ Finally, the production of events inside FOP will be discussed (this is mostly interesting
+ for FOP developers only).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="consumer">
+ <title>The consumer side</title>
+ <p>
+ The event subsystem is located in the <code>org.apache.fop.events</code> package and its
+ base is the <code>Event</code> class. An instance is created for each event and is sent
+ to a set of <code>EventListener</code> instances by the <code>EventBroadcaster</code>.
+ An <code>Event</code> contains:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>an event ID,</li>
+ <li>a source object (which generated the event),</li>
+ <li>a severity level (Info, Warning, Error and Fatal Error) and</li>
+ <li>a map of named parameters.</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ The <code>EventFormatter</code> class can be used to translate the events into
+ human-readable, localized messages.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ A full example of what is shown here can be found in the
+ <code>examples/embedding/java/embedding/events</code> directory in the FOP distribution.
+ The example can also be accessed
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/events/">via the web</a>.
+ </p>
+ <section id="write-listener">
+ <title>Writing an EventListener</title>
+ <p>
+ The following code sample shows a very simple EventListener. It basically just sends
+ all events to System.out (stdout) or System.err (stderr) depending on the event severity.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[import org.apache.fop.events.Event;
+import org.apache.fop.events.EventFormatter;
+import org.apache.fop.events.EventListener;
+import org.apache.fop.events.model.EventSeverity;
+
+/** A simple event listener that writes the events to stdout and stderr. */
+public class SysOutEventListener implements EventListener {
+
+ /** {@inheritDoc} */
+ public void processEvent(Event event) {
+ String msg = EventFormatter.format(event);
+ EventSeverity severity = event.getSeverity();
+ if (severity == EventSeverity.INFO) {
+ System.out.println("[INFO ] " + msg);
+ } else if (severity == EventSeverity.WARN) {
+ System.out.println("[WARN ] " + msg);
+ } else if (severity == EventSeverity.ERROR) {
+ System.err.println("[ERROR] " + msg);
+ } else if (severity == EventSeverity.FATAL) {
+ System.err.println("[FATAL] " + msg);
+ } else {
+ assert false;
+ }
+ }
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ You can see that for every event the method <code>processEvent</code> of the
+ <code>EventListener</code> will be called. Inside this method you can do whatever
+ processing you would like including throwing a <code>RuntimeException</code>, if you want
+ to abort the current processing run.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The code above also shows how you can turn an event into a human-readable, localized
+ message that can be presented to a user. The <code>EventFormatter</code> class does
+ this for you. It provides additional methods if you'd like to explicitly specify
+ the locale.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ It is possible to gather all events for a whole processing run so they can be
+ evaluated afterwards. However, care should be taken about memory consumption since
+ the events provide references to objects inside FOP which may themselves have
+ references to other objects. So holding on to these objects may mean that whole
+ object trees cannot be released!
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="add-listener">
+ <title>Adding an EventListener</title>
+ <p>
+ To register the event listener with FOP, get the <code>EventBroadcaster</code> which
+ is associated with the user agent (<code>FOUserAgent</code>) and add it there:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[FOUserAgent foUserAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+foUserAgent.getEventBroadcaster().addEventListener(new SysOutEventListener());]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Please note that this is done separately for each processing run, i.e. for each
+ new user agent.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="listener-example1">
+ <title>An additional listener example</title>
+ <p>
+ Here's an additional example of an event listener:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ By default, FOP continues processing even if an image wasn't found. If you have
+ more strict requirements and want FOP to stop if an image is not available, you can
+ do something like the following in the simplest case:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[public class MyEventListener implements EventListener {
+
+ public void processEvent(Event event) {
+ if ("org.apache.fop.ResourceEventProducer".equals(
+ event.getEventGroupID())) {
+ event.setSeverity(EventSeverity.FATAL);
+ } else {
+ //ignore all other events (or do something of your choice)
+ }
+ }
+
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Increasing the event severity to FATAL will signal the event broadcaster to throw
+ an exception and stop further processing. In the above case, all resource-related
+ events will cause FOP to stop processing.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ You can also customize the exception to throw (you can may throw a RuntimeException
+ or subclass yourself) and/or which event to respond to:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[public class MyEventListener implements EventListener {
+
+ public void processEvent(Event event) {
+ if ("org.apache.fop.ResourceEventProducer.imageNotFound"
+ .equals(event.getEventID())) {
+
+ //Get the FileNotFoundException that's part of the event's parameters
+ FileNotFoundException fnfe = (FileNotFoundException)event.getParam("fnfe");
+
+ throw new RuntimeException(EventFormatter.format(event), fnfe);
+ } else {
+ //ignore all other events (or do something of your choice)
+ }
+ }
+
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ This throws a <code>RuntimeException</code> with the <code>FileNotFoundException</code>
+ as the cause. Further processing effectively stops in FOP. You can catch the exception
+ in your code and react as you see necessary.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="producer">
+ <title>The producer side (for FOP developers)</title>
+ <p>
+ This section is primarily for FOP and FOP plug-in developers. It describes how to use
+ the event subsystem for producing events.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ The event package has been designed in order to be theoretically useful for use cases
+ outside FOP. If you think this is interesting independently from FOP, please talk to
+ <a href="mailto:fop-dev@xmlgraphics.apache.org">us</a>.
+ </note>
+ <section id="basic-event-production">
+ <title>Producing and sending an event</title>
+ <p>
+ The basics are very simple. Just instantiate an <code>Event</code> object and fill
+ it with the necessary parameters. Then pass it to the <code>EventBroadcaster</code>
+ which distributes the events to the interested listeneners. Here's a code example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[Event ev = new Event(this, "complain", EventSeverity.WARN,
+ Event.paramsBuilder()
+ .param("reason", "I'm tired")
+ .param("blah", new Integer(23))
+ .build());
+EventBroadcaster broadcaster = [get it from somewhere];
+broadcaster.broadcastEvent(ev);
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The <code>Event.paramsBuilder()</code> is a
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface">fluent interface</a>
+ to help with the build-up of the parameters. You could just as well instantiate a
+ <code>Map</code> (<code>Map<String, Object></code>) and fill it with values.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="event-producer">
+ <title>The EventProducer interface</title>
+ <p>
+ To simplify event production, the event subsystem provides the <code>EventProducer</code>
+ interface. You can create interfaces which extend <code>EventProducer</code>. These
+ interfaces will contain one method per event to be generated. By contract, each event
+ method must have as its first parameter a parameter named "source" (Type Object) which
+ indicates the object that generated the event. After that come an arbitrary number of
+ parameters of any type as needed by the event.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The event producer interface does not need to have any implementation. The implementation
+ is produced at runtime by a dynamic proxy created by <code>DefaultEventBroadcaster</code>.
+ The dynamic proxy creates <code>Event</code> instances for each method call against
+ the event producer interface. Each parameter (except "source") is added to the event's
+ parameter map.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ To simplify the code needed to get an instance of the event producer interface it is
+ suggested to create a public inner provider class inside the interface.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Here's an example of such an event producer interface:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[public interface MyEventProducer extends EventProducer {
+
+ public class Provider {
+
+ public static MyEventProducer get(EventBroadcaster broadcaster) {
+ return (MyEventProducer)broadcaster.getEventProducerFor(MyEventProducer.class);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Complain about something.
+ * @param source the event source
+ * @param reason the reason for the complaint
+ * @param blah the complaint
+ * @event.severity WARN
+ */
+ void complain(Object source, String reason, int blah);
+
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ To produce the same event as in the first example above, you'd use the following code:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[EventBroadcaster broadcaster = [get it from somewhere];
+TestEventProducer producer = TestEventProducer.Provider.get(broadcaster);
+producer.complain(this, "I'm tired", 23);]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="event-model">
+ <title>The event model</title>
+ <p>
+ Inside an invocation handler for a dynamic proxy, there's no information about
+ the names of each parameter. The JVM doesn't provide it. The only thing you know is
+ the interface and method name. In order to properly fill the <code>Event</code>'s
+ parameter map we need to know the parameter names. These are retrieved from an
+ event object model. This is found in the <code>org.apache.fop.events.model</code>
+ package. The data for the object model is retrieved from an XML representation of the
+ event model that is loaded as a resource. The XML representation is generated using an
+ Ant task at build time (<code>ant resourcegen</code>). The Ant task (found in
+ <code>src/codegen/java/org/apache/fop/tools/EventProducerCollectorTask.java</code>)
+ scans FOP's sources for descendants of the <code>EventProducer</code> interface and
+ uses <a href="http://qdox.codehaus.org/">QDox</a> to parse these interfaces.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The event model XML files are generated during build by the Ant task mentioned above when
+ running the "resourcegen" task. So just run <code>"ant resourcegen"</code> if you receive
+ a <code>MissingResourceException</code> at runtime indicating that
+ <code>"event-model.xml"</code> is missing.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Primarily, the QDox-based collector task records the parameters' names and types.
+ Furthermore, it extracts additional attributes embedded as Javadoc comments from
+ the methods. At the moment, the only such attribute is "@event.severity" which indicates
+ the default event severity (which can be changed by event listeners). The example event
+ producer above shows the Javadocs for an event method.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There's one more information that is extracted from the event producer information for
+ the event model: an optional primary exception. The first exception in the "throws"
+ declaration of an event method is noted. It is used to throw an exception from
+ the invocation handler if the event has an event severity of "FATAL" when all
+ listeners have been called (listeners can update the event severity). Please note
+ that an implementation of
+ <code>org.apache.fop.events.EventExceptionManager$ExceptionFactory</code> has to be
+ registered for the <code>EventExceptionManager</code> to be able to construct the
+ exception from an event.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For a given application, there can be multiple event models active at the same time.
+ In FOP, each renderer is considered to be a plug-in and provides its own specific
+ event model. The individual event models are provided through an
+ <code>EventModelFactory</code>. This interface is implemented for each event model
+ and registered through the service provider mechanism
+ (see the <a href="#plug-ins">plug-ins section</a> for details).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="event-severity">
+ <title>Event severity</title>
+ <p>
+ Four different levels of severity for events has been defined:
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>INFO: informational only</li>
+ <li>WARN: a Warning</li>
+ <li>ERROR: an error condition from which FOP can recover. FOP will continue processing.</li>
+ <li>FATAL: a fatal error which causes an exception in the end and FOP will stop processing.</li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ Event listeners can choose to ignore certain events based on their event severity.
+ Please note that you may recieve an event "twice" in a specific case: if there is
+ a fatal error an event is generated and sent to the listeners. After that an exception
+ is thrown with the same information and processing stops. If the fatal event is
+ shown to the user and the following exception is equally presented to the user it
+ may appear that the event is duplicated. Of course, the same information is just
+ published through two different channels.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="plug-ins">
+ <title>Plug-ins to the event subsystem</title>
+ <p>
+ The event subsystem is extensible. There are a number of extension points:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <strong><code>org.apache.fop.events.model.EventModelFactory</code>:</strong> Provides
+ an event model to the event subsystem.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <strong><code>org.apache.fop.events.EventExceptionManager$ExceptionFactory</code>:</strong>
+ Creates exceptions for events, i.e. turns an event into a specific exception.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ The names in bold above are used as filenames for the service provider files that
+ are placed in the <code>META-INF/services</code> directory. That way, they are
+ automatically detected. This is a mechanism defined by the
+ <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/jar/jar.html#Service%20Provider">JAR file specification</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="l10n">
+ <title>Localization (L10n)</title>
+ <p>
+ One goal of the event subsystem was to have localized (translated) event messages.
+ The <code>EventFormatter</code> class can be used to convert an event to a
+ human-readable message. Each <code>EventProducer</code> can provide its own XML-based
+ translation file. If there is none, a central translation file is used, called
+ "EventFormatter.xml" (found in the same directory as the <code>EventFormatter</code>
+ class).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The XML format used by the <code>EventFormatter</code> is the same as
+ <a href="ext:cocoon">Apache Cocoon's</a> catalog format. Here's an example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<catalogue xml:lang="en">
+ <message key="locator">
+ [ (See position {loc})| (See {#gatherContextInfo})| (No context info available)]
+ </message>
+ <message key="org.apache.fop.render.rtf.RTFEventProducer.explicitTableColumnsRequired">
+ RTF output requires that all table-columns for a table are defined. Output will be incorrect.{{locator}}
+ </message>
+ <message key="org.apache.fop.render.rtf.RTFEventProducer.ignoredDeferredEvent">
+ Ignored deferred event for {node} ({start,if,start,end}).{{locator}}
+ </message>
+</catalogue>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The example (extracted from the RTF handler's event producer) has message templates for
+ two event methods. The class used to do variable replacement in the templates is
+ <code>org.apache.fop.util.text.AdvancedMessageFormat</code> which is more powerful
+ than the <code>MessageFormat</code> classes provided by the Java class library
+ (<code>java.util.text</code> package).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "locator" is a template that is reused by the other message templates
+ by referencing it through "{{locator}}". This is some kind of include command.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Normal event parameters are accessed by name inside single curly braces, for example:
+ "{node}". For objects, this format just uses the <code>toString()</code> method to turn
+ the object into a string, unless there is an <code>ObjectFormatter</code> registered
+ for that type (there's an example for <code>org.xml.sax.Locator</code>).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The single curly braces pattern supports additional features. For example, it is possible
+ to do this: "{start,if,start,end}". "if" here is a special field modifier that evaluates
+ "start" as a boolean and if that is true returns the text right after the second comma
+ ("start"). Otherwise it returns the text after the third comma ("end"). The "equals"
+ modifier is similar to "if" but it takes as an additional (comma-separated) parameter
+ right after the "equals" modifier, a string that is compared to the value of the variable.
+ An example: {severity,equals,EventSeverity:FATAL,,some text} (this adds "some text" if
+ the severity is not FATAL).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Additional such modifiers can be added by implementing the
+ <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$Part</code> and <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$PartFactory</code>
+ interfaces.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Square braces can be used to specify optional template sections. The whole section will
+ be omitted if any of the variables used within are unavailable. Pipe (|) characters can
+ be used to specify alternative sub-templates (see "locator" above for an example).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Developers can also register a function (in the above example:
+ <code>{#gatherContextInfo})</code>
+ to do more complex information rendering. These functions are implementations of the
+ <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$Function</code> interface. Please take care that this is
+ done in a locale-independent way as there is no locale information available, yet.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Standard Apache™ FOP Extensions</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <p>
+ By "extension", we mean any data that can be placed in the input XML document that
+ is not addressed by the XSL-FO standard.
+ By having a mechanism for supporting extensions, Apache™ FOP is able to add features that
+ are not covered in the specification.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The extensions documented here are included with FOP, and are automatically available
+ to you. If you wish to add an extension of your own to FOP, please see the
+ <a href="../dev/extensions.html">Developers' Extension Page</a>.
+ </p>
+ <note>All extensions require the correct use of an appropriate namespace in your input document.</note>
+ <section id="svg">
+ <title>SVG</title>
+ <p>
+ Please see the <a href="graphics.html#svg">SVG documentation</a> for more details.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="fo-extensions">
+ <title>FO Extensions</title>
+ <section id="fox-namespace">
+ <title>Namespace</title>
+ <p>
+ By convention, FO extensions in FOP use the "fox" namespace prefix.
+ To use any of the FO extensions, add a namespace entry for
+ <code>http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions</code> to the root element:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:fox="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions">]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="bookmarks">
+ <title>PDF Bookmarks</title>
+ <p>
+ In old versions of Apache FOP there was a <code>fox:outline</code> element
+ which was used to create outlines in PDF files. The redesigned code makes use
+ of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl11/#fo_bookmark-tree">bookmark feature defined in the W3C XSL 1.1 standard</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="named-destinations">
+ <title>Anchors or Named Destinations</title>
+ <p>Use the fox:destination element to define "named destinations" inside a PDF document.
+These are useful as fragment identifiers, e.g. "http://server/document.pdf#anchor-name".
+fox:destination elements can be placed almost anywhere in the fo document, including a child of
+root, a block-level element, or an inline-level element.
+For the destination to actually work, it must correspond to an "id" attribute on some fo element
+within the document. In other words, the "id" attribute actually creates the "view" within the
+PDF document. The fox:destination simply gives that view an independent name.
+</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<fox:destination internal-destination="table-of-contents"/>
+...
+<fo:block id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</fo:block>]]></source>
+ <warning>It is possible that in some future release of FOP, <em>all </em>elements with
+"id" attributes will generate named-destinations, which will eliminate the need for
+fox:destination.</warning>
+ </section>
+ <section id="table-continue-label">
+ <title>Table Continuation Label</title>
+ <p>This extension element hasn't been reimplemented for the redesigned code, yet.</p>
+ <!--p>Use the fox:continued-label element to create content in table-header and
+table-footer cells that will appear only on pages after the first page that the table
+appears. fox:continued-label is itself inline content, and is a container of fo:inline
+content. This content will be laid out only if the table does not fit on a single page and flows
+to following pages. Here is an example of FO code creating such a table-header:</p>
+<source><![CDATA[<fo:table-header>
+ <fo:table-row>
+ <fo:table-cell>
+ <fo:block>Header column 1 with continued label
+ <fox:continued-label><fo:inline> (cont.)</fo:inline></fox:continued-label>
+ </fo:block>
+ </fo:table-cell>
+ <fo:table-cell>
+ <fo:block>Header column 2 with no continued label</fo:block>
+ </fo:table-cell>
+ </fo:table-row>
+</fo:table-header>]]></source-->
+ </section>
+ <section id="widow-orphan-content-limit">
+ <title>fox:orphan-content-limit and fox:widow-content-limit</title>
+ <p>
+ The two proprietary extension properties, fox:orphan-content-limit and
+ fox:widow-content-limit, are used to improve the layout of list-blocks and tables.
+ If you have a table with many entries, you don't want a single row to be left over
+ on a page. You will want to make sure that at least two or three lines are kept
+ together. The properties take an absolute length which specifies the area at the
+ beginning (fox:widow-content-limit) or at the end (fox:orphan-content-limit) of a
+ table or list-block. The properties are inherited and only have an effect on fo:table
+ and fo:list-block. An example: fox:widow-content-limit="3 * 1.2em" would make sure
+ the you'll have at least three lines (assuming line-height="1.2") together on a table
+ or list-block.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="external-document">
+ <title>fox:external-document</title>
+ <note>
+ This feature is incomplete. Support for multi-page documents will be added shortly.
+ At the moment, only single-page images will work. And this will not work with RTF output.
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ This is a proprietary extension element which allows to add whole images as pages to
+ an FO document. For example, if you have a scanned document or a fax as multi-page TIFF
+ file, you can append or insert this document using the <code>fox:external-document</code>
+ element. Each page of the external document will create one full page in the target
+ format.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The <code>fox:external-document</code> element is structurally a peer to
+ <code>fo:page-sequence</code>, so wherever you can put an <code>fo:page-sequence</code>
+ you could also place a <code>fox:external-document</code>.
+ Therefore, the specified contents for <code>fo:root</code> change to:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <code>
+ (layout-master-set, declarations?, bookmark-tree?, (page-sequence|page-sequence-wrapper|fox:external-document|fox:destination)+)
+ </code>
+ </p>
+ <section>
+ <title>Specification</title>
+ <p>
+ The <code>fox:external-document</code> extension formatting object is used to specify
+ how to create a (sub-)sequence of pages within a document. The content of these pages
+ comes from the individual subimages/pages of an image or paged document (for example:
+ multi-page TIFF in the form of faxes or scanned documents, or PDF files). The
+ formatting object creates the necessary areas to display one image per page.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ In terms of page numbers, the behaviour is the same as for
+ <code>fo:page-sequence</code>. The placement of the image inside the page is similar
+ to that of <code>fo:external-graphic</code> or <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code>,
+ i.e. the viewport (and therefore the page size) is defined by either the intrinsic
+ size of the image or by the size properties that apply to this formatting object.
+ </p>
+ <p>Content: EMPTY</p>
+ <p>The following properties apply to this formatting object:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>(Common Accessibility Properties) (not implemented, yet)</li>
+ <li>(Common Aural Properties) (not implemented, yet)</li>
+ <li>block-progression-dimension</li>
+ <li>content-height</li>
+ <li>content-type</li>
+ <li>content-width</li>
+ <li>display-align</li>
+ <li>height</li>
+ <li>id</li>
+ <li>inline-progression-dimension</li>
+ <li>overflow</li>
+ <li>pages: <page-set> (see below) (not implemented, yet)</li>
+ <li>reference-orientation</li>
+ <li>scaling</li>
+ <li>scaling-method</li>
+ <li>src</li>
+ <li>text-align</li>
+ <li>width</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ Datatype "page-set": Value: auto | <integer-range>,
+ Default: "auto" which means all pages/subimages of the document.
+ <integer-range> allows values such as "7" or "1-3"
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ <code>fox:external-document</code> is not suitable for concatenating FO documents.
+ For this, XInclude is recommended.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="transform">
+ <title>Free-form Transformation for fo:block-container</title>
+ <p>
+ For <code>fo:block-container</code> elements whose <code>absolute-position</code> set to
+ "absolute" or "fixed" you can use the extension attribute <code>fox:transform</code>
+ to apply a free-form transformation to the whole block-container. The content of the
+ <code>fox:transform</code> attribute is the same as for
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/coords.html#TransformAttribute">SVG's transform attribute</a>.
+ The transformation specified here is performed in addition to other implicit
+ transformations of the block-container (resulting from top, left and other properties)
+ and after them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Examples: <code>fox:transform="rotate(45)"</code> would rotate the block-container
+ by 45 degrees clock-wise around its upper-left corner.
+ <code>fox:transform="translate(10000,0)"</code> would move the block-container to the
+ right by 10 points (=10000 millipoints, FOP uses millipoints internally!).
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ This extension attribute doesn't work for all output formats! It's currently only
+ supported for PDF, PS and Java2D-based renderers.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="color-functions">
+ <title>Color functions</title>
+ <p>
+ XSL-FO supports specifying color using the rgb(), rgb-icc() and system-color() functions.
+ Apache FOP provides additional color functions for special use cases. Please note that
+ using these functions compromises the interoperability of an FO document.
+ </p>
+ <section id="color-function-cmyk">
+ <title>cmyk()</title>
+ <p><code>color cmyk(numeric, numeric, numeric, numeric)</code></p>
+ <p>
+ This function will construct a color in device-specific CMYK color space. The numbers
+ must be between 0.0 and 1.0. For output formats that don't support device-specific
+ color space the CMYK value is converted to an sRGB value.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pseudo-color-profiles">
+ <title>#CMYK pseudo-profile</title>
+ <p><code>color rgb-icc(numeric, numeric, numeric, #CMYK, numeric, numeric, numeric, numeric)</code></p>
+ <p>
+ The <code>rgb-icc</code> function will respond to a pseudo-profile called "#CMYK"
+ which indicates a device-specific CMYK color space. The "#CMYK" profile is implicitely
+ available and doesn't have to be (and cannot be) defined through an
+ <code>fo:color-profile</code> element. It is provided for compatibility with certain
+ commercial XSL-FO implementations. Please note that this is not part of the official
+ specification but rather a convention. The following two color specifications are
+ equivalent:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>cmyk(0%,0%,20%,40%)</code></li>
+ <li><code>rgb-icc(153, 153, 102, #CMYK, 0, 0, 0.2, 0.4)</code></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="prepress">
+ <title>Prepress Support</title>
+
+ <p>
+ This section defines a number of extensions related to
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepress">prepress</a> support.
+ <code>fox:scale</code> defines a general scale factor for the generated pages.
+ <code>fox:bleed</code> defines the
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleed_%28printing%29">bleed area</a> for a page.
+ <code>fox:crop-offset</code> defines the outer edges of the area in which crop marks,
+ registration marks, color bars and page information are placed.
+ For details, please read on below.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ Those extensions have been implemented in the PDF and Java2D renderers only.
+ </note>
+
+ <section id="scale">
+ <title>fox:scale</title>
+ <p>Value: <number>{1,2}</p>
+ <p>Initial: 1</p>
+ <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
+ <p>
+ This property specifies a scale factor along resp. the x and y axes. If only one number
+ is provided it is used for both the x and y scales. A scale factor smaller than 1
+ shrinks the page. A scale factor greater than 1 enlarges the page.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="bleed">
+ <title>fox:bleed</title>
+ <p>
+ Value: <length>{1,4}
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Initial: 0pt
+ </p>
+ <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
+ <p>
+ If there is only one value, it applies to all sides. If there are two values, the top and bottom
+ bleed widths are set to the first value and the right and left bleed widths are set to the second.
+ If there are three values, the top is set to the first value, the left and right are set to the second,
+ and the bottom is set to the third. If there are four values, they apply to the top, right, bottom, and
+ left, respectively.
+ (Corresponds to <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl11/#padding">the definition of
+ padding</a>).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ This extension indirectly defines the BleedBox and is calculated by expanding the TrimBox by
+ the bleed widths. The lengths must be non-negative.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="cropOffset">
+ <title>fox:crop-offset</title>
+ <p>
+ Value: <length>{1,4}
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Initial: bleed (see below)
+ </p>
+ <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
+ <p>
+ Same behaviour as with fox:bleed. The initial value is set to the same values as the
+ fox:bleed property.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ This extension indirectly defines the MediaBox and is calculated by expanding
+ the TrimBox by the crop offsets. The lengths must be non-negative.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="cropBox">
+ <title>fox:crop-box</title>
+ <p>
+ Value: [trim-box | bleed-box | media-box]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Initial: media-box
+ </p>
+ <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
+ <p>
+ The crop box controls how Acrobat displays the page (CropBox in PDF) or how the Java2DRenderer sizes
+ the output media. The PDF specification defines that the CropBox defaults to the MediaBox. This extension
+ follows that definition. To simplify usage and cover most use cases, the three supported enumeration
+ values "trim-box", "bleed-box" and "media-box" set the CropBox to one of those three other boxes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If requested in the future, we could offer to specify the CropBox in absolute coordinates rather
+ than just by referencing another box.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Fonts</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ <authors>
+ <person name="Jeremias Märki" email=""/>
+ <person name="Tore Engvig" email=""/>
+ <person name="Adrian Cumiskey" email=""/>
+ <person name="Max Berger" email=""/>
+ </authors>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="intro">
+ <title>Summary</title>
+ <p>The following table summarizes the font capabilities of the various Apache� FOP renderers:</p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Renderer</th>
+ <th>Base-14</th>
+ <th>AWT/OS</th>
+ <th>Custom</th>
+ <th>Custom Embedding</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>PDF</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>PostScript</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>PCL</td>
+ <td>yes (modified)</td>
+ <td>yes (painted as bitmaps)</td>
+ <td>yes (painted as bitmaps)</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>AFP</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Java2D/AWT/Bitmap</td>
+ <td>if available from OS</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>n/a (display only)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Print</td>
+ <td>if available from OS</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>controlled by OS printer driver</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>RTF</td>
+ <td>n/a (font metrics not needed)</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>TXT</td>
+ <td>yes (used for layout but not for output)</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>yes (used for layout but not for output)</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ </tr>
+<!--tr> NOT AVAILABLE
+ <td>MIF</td>
+ <td>n/a (font metrics not needed)</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ </tr-->
+<!--tr> NOT AVAILABLE
+ <td>SVG</td>
+ <td>if available from OS</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ </tr-->
+ <tr>
+ <td>XML</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>no</td>
+ <td>yes</td>
+ <td>n/a</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Base-14 Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ The Adobe PostScript and PDF Specification specify a set of 14 fonts that must be
+ available to every PostScript interpreter and PDF reader:
+ Helvetica (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
+ Times (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
+ Courier (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
+ Symbol and ZapfDingbats.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The following font family names are hard-coded into FOP for the Base-14 font set:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Base-14 font</th>
+ <th>font families</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Helvetica</td>
+ <td>Helvetica, sans-serif, SansSerif</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Times</td>
+ <td>Times, Times Roman, Times-Roman, serif, any</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Courier</td>
+ <td>Courier, monospace, Monospaced</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Symbol</td>
+ <td>Symbol</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>ZapfDingbats</td>
+ <td>ZapfDingbats</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ Please note that recent versions of Adobe Acrobat Reader replace
+ "Helvetica" with "Arial" and "Times" with "Times New Roman" internally.
+ GhostScript replaces "Helvetica" with "Nimbus Sans L" and "Times" with
+ "Nimbus Roman No9 L". Other document viewers may do similar font
+ substitutions. If you need to make sure that there are no such
+ substitutions, you need to specify an explicit font and embed it in
+ the target document.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="missing-fonts">
+ <title>Missing Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ When FOP does not have a specific font at its disposal (because it's
+ not installed in the operating system or set up in FOP's configuration),
+ the font is replaced with "any". "any" is internally mapped to the
+ Base-14 font "Times" (see above).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="missing-glyphs">
+ <title>Missing Glyphs</title>
+ <p>
+ Every font contains a particular set of
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyph">glyphs</a>. If no glyph can be found for
+ a given character, FOP will issue a warning and use the glpyh for "#" (if available)
+ instead. Before it does that, it consults a (currently hard-coded) registry of
+ glyph substitution groups (see Glyphs.java in Apache XML Graphics Commons).
+ This registry can supply alternative glyphs in some cases (like using space when a no-break
+ space is requested). But there's no guarantee that the result will be as expected (for
+ example, in the case of hyphens and similar glyphs). A better way is to use a font that
+ has all the necessary glyphs. This glyph substitution is only a last resort.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="awt">
+ <title>Java2D/AWT/Operating System Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ The Java2D family of renderers (Java2D, AWT, Print, TIFF, PNG), use the
+ Java AWT subsystem for font metric information. Through operating system
+ registration, the AWT subsystem knows what fonts are available on the system,
+ and the font metrics for each one.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ When working with one of these output formats and you're missing a font, just
+ install it in your operating system and they should be available for these
+ renderers. Please note that this is not true for other output formats such as
+ PDF or PostScript.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="custom">
+ <title>Custom Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ Support for custom fonts is highly output format dependent (see above table).
+ This section shows how to add Type 1 and TrueType fonts to the PDF, PostScript and
+ Java2D-based renderers. Other renderers (like AFP) support other font formats. Details
+ in this case can be found on the page about <a href="output.html">output formats</a>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ In earlier FOP versions, it was always necessary to create an XML font metrics file
+ if you wanted to add a custom font. This unconvenient step has been removed and in
+ addition to that, FOP supports auto-registration of fonts, i.e. FOP can find fonts
+ installed in your operating system or can scan user-specified directories for fonts.
+ Font registration via XML font metrics file is still supported and may still be necessary
+ for some very special cases as fallback variant while we stabilize font auto-detection.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Basic information about fonts can be found at:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/ftypes.html">Adobe font types</a>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/technotes/fonts.html">Adobe Font Technote</a>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="basics">
+ <title>Basic font configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ If you want FOP to use custom fonts, you need to tell it where to find them. This
+ is done in the configuration file and once per renderer (because each output format
+ is a little different). In the basic form, you can either tell FOP to find your
+ operating system fonts or you can specify directories that it will search for
+ support fonts. These fonts will then automatically be registered.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<renderers>
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <fonts>
+ <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory -->
+ <directory>C:\MyFonts1</directory>
+
+ <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory and all of its sub directories (use with care) -->
+ <directory recursive="true">C:\MyFonts2</directory>
+
+ <!-- automatically detect operating system installed fonts -->
+ <auto-detect/>
+ </fonts>
+ </renderer>
+</renderers>]]></source>
+ <note>
+ Review the documentation for <a href="configuration.html">FOP Configuration</a>
+ for instructions on making the FOP configuration available to FOP when it runs.
+ Otherwise, FOP has no way of finding your custom font information. It is currently
+ not possible to easily configure fonts from Java code.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="advanced">
+ <title>Advanced font configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ The instructions found above should be sufficient for most users. Below are some
+ additional instructions in case the basic font configuration doesn't lead to
+ the desired results.
+ </p>
+ <section id="type1-metrics">
+ <title>Type 1 Font Metrics</title>
+ <p>FOP includes PFMReader, which reads the PFM file that normally comes with a Type 1 font, and generates an appropriate font metrics file for it.
+ To use it, run the class org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader:</p>
+ <p>Windows:</p>
+ <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
+ org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader [options] pfm-file xml-file</source>
+ <p>Unix:</p>
+ <source>java -cp build/fop.jar:lib/avalon-framework.jar:lib/commons-logging.jar:lib/commons-io.jar
+ org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader [options] pfm-file xml-file</source>
+ <p>PFMReader [options]:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><strong>-fn <fontname></strong> By default, FOP uses the fontname from the
+ .pfm file when embedding the font. Use the "-fn" option to override this name with one you have
+ chosen. This may be useful in some cases to ensure that applications using the output document
+ (Acrobat Reader for example) use the embedded font instead of a local font with the same
+ name.</li>
+ </ul>
+ <note>The classpath in the above example has been simplified for readability.
+ You will have to adjust the classpath to the names of the actual JAR files in the lib directory.
+ xml-apis.jar, xercesImpl.jar, xalan.jar and serializer.jar are not necessary for JDK version 1.4 or later.</note>
+ <note>The tool will construct some values (FontBBox, StemV and ItalicAngle) based on assumptions and calculations which are only an approximation to the real values.
+ FontBBox and Italic Angle can be found in the human-readable part of the PFB file or in the AFM file.
+ The PFMReader tool does not yet interpret PFB or AFM files, so if you want to be correct, you may have to adjust the values in the XML file manually.
+ The constructed values however appear to have no visible influence.</note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="truetype-metrics">
+ <title>TrueType Font Metrics</title>
+ <p>FOP includes TTFReader, which reads the TTF file and generates an appropriate font metrics file for it.
+ Use it in a similar manner to PFMReader.
+ For example, to create such a metrics file in Windows from the TrueType font at c:\myfonts\cmr10.ttf:</p>
+ <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
+ org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.TTFReader [options]
+ C:\myfonts\cmr10.ttf ttfcm.xml</source>
+ <p>TTFReader [options]:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><strong>-d <DEBUG | INFO ></strong> Sets the debug level (default is
+ INFO).</li>
+ <li><strong>-fn <fontname></strong> Same as for PFMReader.</li>
+ <li><strong>-ttcname <fontname></strong> If you're reading data from a
+ TrueType Collection (.ttc file) you must specify which font from the collection you will read
+ metrics from.
+ If you read from a .ttc file without this option, the fontnames will be listed for you.</li>
+ <li><strong>-enc ansi</strong> Creates a WinAnsi-encoded font metrics file.
+ Without this option, a CID-keyed font metrics file is created.
+ The table below summarizes the differences between these two encoding options as currently
+ used within FOP.
+ Please note that this information only applies to TrueType fonts and TrueType collections:</li>
+ </ul>
+ <table id="ttf-encoding">
+ <tr>
+ <th>Issue</th>
+ <th>WinAnsi</th>
+ <th>CID-keyed</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Usable Character Set</td>
+ <td>Limited to WinAnsi character set, which is roughly equivalent to iso-8889-1.</td>
+ <td>Limited only by the characters in the font itself.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Embedding the Font</td>
+ <td>Optional.</td>
+ <td>Mandatory. Not embedding the font produces invalid PDF documents.</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <warning>
+ You may experience failures with certain TrueType fonts, especially if they don't contain
+ the so-called Unicode "cmap" table. TTFReader can currently not deal with font like this.
+ </warning>
+ </section>
+ <section id="truetype-collections-metrics">
+ <title>TrueType Collections</title>
+ <p>TrueType collections (.ttc files) contain more than one font.
+ To create metrics files for these fonts, you must specify which font in the collection should be generated, by using the "-ttcname" option with the TTFReader.</p>
+ <p>To get a list of the fonts in a collection, just start the TTFReader as if it were a normal TrueType file (without the -ttcname option).
+ It will display all of the font names and exit with an Exception.</p>
+ <p>Here is an example of generating a metrics file for a .ttc file:</p>
+ <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
+ org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.TTFReader -ttcname "MS Mincho"
+ msmincho.ttc msminch.xml</source>
+ <p>
+ Alternatively, the individual sub-fonts of a TrueType Collections can be selected
+ using the "sub-font" attribute on the "font" element. That means that generating
+ an XML font metrics file for TrueType collections is not necessary anymore. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<font embed-url="gulim.ttc" sub-font="GulimChe">
+ <font-triplet name="GulimChe" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+</font>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="register">
+ <title>Register Fonts with FOP</title>
+ <p>You must tell FOP how to find and use the font metrics files by registering them in the <a href="configuration.html">FOP Configuration</a>. Add entries for your custom fonts, regardless of font type, to the configuration file in a manner similar to the following:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<renderers>
+ <renderer mime="application/pdf">
+ <fonts>
+ <!-- register a particular font -->
+ <font metrics-url="file:///C:/myfonts/FTL_____.xml" kerning="yes"
+ embed-url="file:///C:/myfonts/FTL_____.pfb"
+ encoding-mode="single-byte">
+ <font-triplet name="FrutigerLight" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+
+ <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory -->
+ <directory>C:\MyFonts1</directory>
+
+ <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory and all of its sub directories (use with care) -->
+ <directory recursive="true">C:\MyFonts2</directory>
+
+ <!-- automatically detect operating system installed fonts -->
+ <auto-detect/>
+ </fonts>
+ </renderer>
+</renderers>]]></source>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ URLs are used to access the font metric and font files.
+ Relative URLs are resolved relative to the font-base property (or base) if available.
+ See <a href="configuration.html">FOP: Configuration</a> for more information.
+ </li>
+ <li>The "metrics-url" attribute is generally not necessary except if you run into problems with certain fonts.</li>
+ <li>Either an "embed-url" or a "metrics-url" must be specified for font tag configurations.</li>
+ <li>The font "kerning" attribute is optional. Default is "true".</li>
+ <li>If embedding is off (i.e. embed-url is not set), the output will position the text correctly (from the metrics file), but it will not be displayed or printed correctly unless the viewer has the applicable font available to their local system.</li>
+ <li>When setting the "embed-url" attribute for Type 1 fonts, be sure to specify the PFB (actual font data), not PFM (font metrics) file that you used to generate the XML font metrics file.</li>
+ <li>The attribute "encoding-mode" is optional an may have the following values:
+ <ul>
+ <li>auto: default font encoding mode ("cid" for Truetype, "single-byte" for Type 1)</li>
+ <li>single-byte: use single-byte encodings in the target format (if applicable)</li>
+ <li>cid: encode as CID-keyed font (currently only supported for PDF output with TrueType fonts)</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>The fonts "directory" tag can be used to register fonts contained within a single or list of directory paths. The "recursive" attribute can be specified to recursively add fonts from all sub directories.</li>
+ <li>The fonts "auto-detect" tag can be used to automatically register fonts that are found to be installed on the native operating system.</li>
+ <li>Fonts registered with "font" tag configurations override fonts found by means of "directory" tag definitions.</li>
+ <li>Fonts found as a result of a "directory" tag configuration override fonts found as a result of the "auto-detect" tag being specified.</li>
+ <li>
+ If relative URLs are specified, they are evaluated relative to the value of the
+ "font-base" setting. If there is no "font-base" setting, the fonts are evaluated
+ relative to the base directory.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+<!--note>Cocoon users will need to setup the config, see FOPSerializer for more information.</note-->
+ </section>
+ <section id="autodetect">
+ <title>Auto-Detect and auto-embed feature</title>
+ <p>When the "auto-detect" flag is set in the configuration, FOP will automatically search for fonts in the default paths for your operating system.</p>
+ <p>FOP will also auto-detect fonts which are available in the classpath, if they are described as "application/x-font" in the MANIFEST.MF file. For example, if your .jar file contains font/myfont.ttf:</p>
+ <source>Manifest-Version: 1.0
+
+ Name: font/myfont.ttf
+ Content-Type: application/x-font</source>
+ <p>This feature allows you to create JAR files containing fonts. The JAR files can be added to fop by providem them in the classpath, e.g. copying them into the lib/ directory.</p>
+ <section id="font-cache">
+ <title>The font cache</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP maintains a cache file that is used to speed up auto-detection. This file
+ is usually found in the ".fop" directory under the user's home directory. It's called
+ "fop-fonts.cache". When the user's home directory is not writable, the font cache file
+ is put in the directory for temporary files.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If there was a problem loading a particular font, it is flagged in the cache file so
+ it is not loaded anymore. So, if a font is actually around but is still not found
+ by Apache FOP, it's worth a try to delete the font cache file which forces Apache FOP
+ to reparse all fonts.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="embedding">
+ <title>Embedding</title>
+ <p>
+ By default, all fonts are embedded if an output format supports font embedding. In some
+ cases, however, it is preferred that some fonts are only referenced. When working
+ with referenced fonts it is important to be in control of the target environment where
+ the produced document is consumed, i.e. the necessary fonts have to be installed there.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There are two different ways how you can specify that a font should be referenced:
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ When using the old-style "font" element to configure a single font, font referencing
+ is controlled by the embed-url attribute. If you don't specify the embed-url attribute
+ the font will not be embedded, but will only be referenced.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ For automatically configured fonts there's a different mechanism to specify which
+ fonts should be referenced rather than embedded. This is done in the "referenced-fonts"
+ element in the configuration. Here's an example:
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fop version="1.0">
+ <fonts>
+ <referenced-fonts>
+ <match font-family="Helvetica"/>
+ <match font-family="DejaVu.*"/>
+ </referenced-fonts>
+ </fonts>
+</fop>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ At the moment, you can only match fonts against their font-family. It is possible to use
+ regular expressions as is shown in the second example above ("DejaVu.*"). The syntax for
+ the regular expressions used here are the one used by the
+ <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/api/java/util/regex/package-summary.html"><code>java.util.regex</code> package</a>.
+ So, in the above snippet "Helvetica" and all variants of the "DejaVu" font family are
+ referenced. If you want to reference all fonts, just specify <code>font-family=".*"</code>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The <code>referenced-fonts</code> element can be placed either inside the general
+ <code>fonts</code> element (right under the root) or in the <code>fonts</code> element
+ under the renderer configuration. In the first case, matches apply to all renderers.
+ In the second case, matches only apply to the renderer where the element was specified.
+ Both cases can be used at the same time.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Various notes related to embedded fonts:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>The PostScript renderer does not yet support TrueType fonts, but can embed Type 1 fonts.</li>
+ <li>The font is simply embedded into the PDF file, it is not converted.</li>
+ <li>When FOP embeds a font, it adds a prefix to the fontname to ensure that the name will not match the fontname of an installed font.
+ This is helpful with older versions of Acrobat Reader that preferred installed fonts over embedded fonts.</li>
+ <li>When embedding PostScript fonts, the entire font is always embedded.</li>
+ <li>When embedding TrueType fonts (ttf) or TrueType Collections (ttc), a subset of the
+ original font, containing only the glyphs used, is embedded in the output document.
+ That's the default, but if you specify encoding-mode="single-byte" (see above), the
+ complete font is embedded.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="substitution">
+ <title>Substitution</title>
+ <p>When a <substitutions/> section is defined in the configuration, FOP will re-map any font-family references found in your FO input to a given substitution font.</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>If a <substitution/> is declared, it is mandatory that both a <from/> and <to/> child element is declared with a font-family attribute.</li>
+ <li>Both font-weight and font-style are optional attributes, if they are provided then a value of 'normal' is assumed.</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>For example you could make all FO font-family references to 'Arial' with weights between 700 and 900 reference the normal 'Arial Black' font.</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fop version="1.0">
+ <fonts>
+ <substitutions>
+ <substitution>
+ <from font-family="Arial" font-weight="700..900"/>
+ <to font-family="Arial Black"/>
+ </substitution>
+ <substitution>
+ <from font-family="FrutigerLight"/>
+ <to font-family="Times" font-weight="bold" font-style="italic"/>
+ </substitution>
+ </substitutions>
+ </fonts>
+</fop>]]></source>
+ </section>
+<!-- The following section should no longer be required
+ <section id="embedding-base14">
+ <title>Explicitly embedding the base 14 fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ There are cases where you might want to force the embedding of one or more of the base 14 fonts that
+ can normally be considered available on the target platform (viewer, printer). One of these cases is
+ <a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A</a> which mandates the embedding of even the base 14 fonts. Embedding a font such as Helvetica or
+ Courier is straight-forward. The "Symbol" and "ZapfDingbats" fonts, however, currently present a
+ problem because FOP cannot correctly determine the encoding of these two single-byte fonts through
+ the PFM file. FOP now correctly interprets the "encoding" value in the XML font metrics file, but the
+ PFMReader application writes "UnknownEncoding" to the generated XML file. In order to embed "Symbol"
+ and "ZapfDingbats" you have to manually change the XML font metrics file and specify "SymbolEncoding"
+ or "ZapfdingbatsEncoding" encoding respectively as the value for the "encoding" element.
+ </p>
+ <p>Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<font-metrics type="TYPE1">
+ <font-name>Symbol</font-name>
+ <embed/>
+ <encoding>SymbolEncoding</encoding>
+ <cap-height>673</cap-height>
+ <x-height>766</x-height>
+ [..]]]></source>
+ </section-->
+ </section>
+ <section id="selection">
+ <title>Font Selection Strategies</title>
+ <p>
+ There are two font selection strategies: character-by-character or auto. The default is auto.</p>
+ <p>Auto selected the first font from the list which is able to display the most characters in a given word. This means (assume font A has characters for abclmn, font B for lnmxyz, fontlist is A,B):</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>aaa lll xxx would be displayed in fonts A A B</li>
+ <li>aaaxx would be displayed in font A</li>
+ <li>aaaxxx would be displayed in font A</li>
+ <li>aaaxxxx would be displayed in font B</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>Character-by-Character is NOT yet supported!</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="font-list">
+ <title>Font List Command-Line Tool</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP contains a small command-line tool that lets you generate a list of all configured
+ fonts. Its class name is: <code>org.apache.fop.tools.fontlist.FontListMain</code>.
+ Run it with the "-?" parameter to get help for the various options.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<disabled-testcases>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>demo test failure</name>
+ <file>demo-test-failure.fo</file>
+ <description></description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Markers and core function evaluation</name>
+ <file>from-table-column_marker.fo</file>
+ <description>The code currently evaluates this function according to the column in which the
+ marker appears in the source document, rather than the column it is retrieved in.</description>
+ </testcase>
+</disabled-testcases>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Graphics Formats</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="introduction">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>
+ Some noteworthy features of the image handling subsystem are:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ The image libraries Jimi and JAI are not supported. Instead, Apache™ FOP uses the
+ Image I/O API that was introduced with Java 1.4 for all bitmap codecs.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Some bitmap images are not converted to a standardized 24 bit RGB image but are
+ instead handled in their native format.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ A plug-in mechanism offers a possibility to add support for new formats without changing
+ the FOP's source code.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ The actual <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/image-loader.html">image loading framework</a>
+ does not reside in Apache FOP, but in
+ <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/">XML Graphics Commons</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="support-overview">
+ <title>Overview of Graphics Support</title>
+ <p>
+ The table below summarizes the <em>theoretical</em> support for graphical formats
+ within FOP. In other words, within the constraints of the limitations listed here,
+ these formats <em>should</em> work. However, many of them have not been tested,
+ and there may be limitations that have not yet been discovered or documented.
+ The packages needed to support some formats are not included in the FOP distribution
+ and must be installed separately. Follow the links in the "Support Through" columns
+ for more details.
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th rowspan="2">Format</th>
+ <th rowspan="2">Type</th>
+ <th colspan="3">Support Through</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th><a href="#native">Apache FOP (native)</a></th>
+ <th><a href="#batik">Apache Batik</a></th>
+ <th><a href="#imageio">Image I/O</a></th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#bmp">BMP</a> (Microsoft Windows Bitmap)</td>
+ <td>bitmap</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#emf">EMF</a> (Windows Enhanced Metafile)</td>
+ <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
+ <td>(X)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#eps">EPS</a> (Encapsulated PostScript)</td>
+ <td>metafile (both bitmap and vector), most frequently used for vector drawings</td>
+ <td>(X)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)</td>
+ <td>bitmap</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#jpeg">JPEG</a> (Joint Photographic Experts Group)</td>
+ <td>bitmap</td>
+ <td>(X)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#png">PNG</a> (Portable Network Graphic)</td>
+ <td>bitmap</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#svg">SVG</a> (Scalable Vector Graphics)</td>
+ <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#tiff">TIFF</a> (Tag Image Format File)</td>
+ <td>bitmap</td>
+ <td>(X)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#wmf">WMF</a> (Windows Metafile)</td>
+ <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>(X)</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ Legend:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>"(X)" means restricted support. Please see the details below.</li>
+ <li>
+ [1]: Requires the presence of <a href="http://jai-imageio.dev.java.net/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a>
+ (or an equivalent Image I/O compatible codec) in the classpath. JAI Image I/O Tools also
+ adds support for JPEG 2000, WBMP, RAW and PNM. Other Image I/O codecs may provide
+ support for additional formats.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <note>
+ <a href="http://jai-imageio.dev.java.net/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a> is not the same as the
+ <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/media/jai/">JAI library</a>! The
+ former simply exposes JAI's codecs using the Image&nbsp;I/O API but does not include all
+ the image manipulation functionality.
+ </note>
+ <section id="format-map">
+ <title>Map of supported image formats by output format</title>
+ <p>
+ Not all image formats are supported for all output formats! For example, while you can
+ use EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) files when you generate PostScript output, this format
+ will not be supported by any other output format. Here's an overview of which image
+ formats are supported by which output format:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Image Format</th>
+ <th>PDF</th>
+ <th>PostScript</th>
+ <th>Java2D, PNG, TIFF, AWT</th>
+ <th>PCL</th>
+ <th>AFP</th>
+ <th>RTF</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#bmp">BMP</a> (Microsoft Windows Bitmap)</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#emf">EMF</a> (Windows Enhanced Metafile)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#eps">EPS</a> (Encapsulated PostScript)</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#jpeg">JPEG</a> (Joint Photographic Experts Group)</td>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X [1]</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#png">PNG</a> (Portable Network Graphic)</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#svg">SVG</a> (Scalable Vector Graphics)</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#tiff">TIFF</a> (Tag Image Format File)</td>
+ <td>X [2]</td>
+ <td>X [2]</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X [2]</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="#wmf">WMF</a> (Windows Metafile)</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ <td>X</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ Legend:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ [1]: Supported without the need to decode the image.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ [2]: Supported without the need to decode the image, but only for certain subtypes.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="packages">
+ <title>Graphics Packages</title>
+ <section id="native">
+ <title>XML Graphics Commons Native</title>
+ <p>
+ <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">XML Graphics Commons</a> supports a number
+ of graphic file formats natively as basic functionality: all bitmap formats for which
+ there are Image I/O codecs available (JPEG, PNG, GIF, TIFF, etc.), EPS and EMF.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="fop-native">
+ <title>FOP Native</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP has no native image plug-ins for the image loading framework of its own but currently
+ hosts the Batik-dependent SVG and WMF plug-ins until they can be moved to
+ <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="batik">
+ <title>Apache Batik</title>
+ <p>
+ <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a> will later receive the
+ SVG and WMF plug-ins for the image loading framework that are currently hosted inside
+ FOP.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Current FOP distributions include a distribution of the
+ <a class="fork" href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>.
+ Because Batik's API changes frequently, it is highly recommended that you use the
+ version that ships with FOP, at least when running FOP.
+ </p>
+ <warning>Batik must be run in a graphical environment.</warning>
+ <p>
+ Batik must be run in a graphical environment.
+ It uses AWT classes for rendering SVG, which in turn require an X server on Unixish
+ systems. If you run a server without X, or if you can't connect to the X server due to
+ security restrictions or policies (a so-called "headless" environment), SVG rendering
+ will fail.
+ </p>
+ <p>Here are some workarounds:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Start Java with the <code>-Djava.awt.headless=true</code> command line option.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Install an X server which provides an in-memory framebuffer without actually using a
+ screen device or any display hardware. One example is Xvfb.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Install a toolkit which emulates AWT without the need for an underlying X server. One
+ example is the <a href="http://www.eteks.com/pja/en">PJA toolkit</a>, which is free
+ and comes with detailed installation instructions.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="imageio">
+ <title>Image I/O</title>
+ <p>
+ The image loading framework in <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">XML Graphics Commons</a>
+ provides a wrapper to load images through the
+ <a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/imageio/index.html">JDK's Image I/O API</a> (JSR 015).
+ Image I/O allows to dynamically add additional image codecs. An example of such an
+ add-on library are the
+ <a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a>
+ available from Sun.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="image-formats">
+ <title>Details on image formats</title>
+ <section id="bmp">
+ <title>BMP</title>
+ <p>
+ BMP images are supported through an Image I/O codec. There may be limitations of the
+ codec which are outside the control of Apache FOP.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="emf">
+ <title>EMF</title>
+ <p>
+ Windows Enhanced Metafiles (EMF) are only supported in RTF output where they are
+ embedded without decoding.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="eps">
+ <title>EPS</title>
+ <p>Apache FOP allows to use EPS files when generating PostScript output only.</p>
+ <p>
+ Other output targets can't be supported at the moment because
+ FOP lacks a PostScript interpreter. Furthermore, FOP is currently not able
+ to parse the preview bitmaps sometimes contained in EPS files.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="gif">
+ <title>GIF</title>
+ <p>
+ GIF images are supported through an Image&nbsp;I/O codec. Transparency is supported but
+ not guaranteed to work with every output format.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="jpeg">
+ <title>JPEG</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP native support (i.e. the handling of undecoded images) of JPEG does not include all
+ variants, especially those containing unusual color lookup tables and color profiles.
+ If you have trouble with a JPEG image in FOP, try opening it with an image processing
+ program (such as Photoshop or Gimp) and then saving it. Specifying 24-bit color output
+ may also help. For the PDF and PostScript renderers most JPEG images can be passed
+ through without decompression. User reports indicate that grayscale, RGB, and
+ CMYK color spaces are all rendered properly. However, for other output formats, the
+ JPEG images have to be decompressed. Tests have shown that there are some limitation
+ in some Image&nbsp;I/O codecs concerning images in the CMYK color space. Work-arounds are
+ in place but may not always work as expected.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="png">
+ <title>PNG</title>
+ <p>
+ PNG images are supported through an Image&nbsp;I/O codec. Transparency is supported but
+ not guaranteed to work with every output format.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg">
+ <title>SVG</title>
+ <section id="svg-intro">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>FOP uses <a href="#batik"> Apache Batik</a> for SVG support.
+ This format can be handled as an <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code> or in a separate
+ file referenced with <code>fo:external-graphic</code>.</p>
+ <note>
+ Batik's SVG Rasterizer utility may also be used to convert standalone SVG
+ documents into PDF. For more information please see the
+ <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik/svgrasterizer.html">SVG Rasterizer documentation</a>
+ on the Batik site.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg-pdf-graphics">
+ <title>Placing SVG Graphics into PDF</title>
+ <p>
+ The SVG is rendered into PDF by using PDF commands to draw and fill
+ lines and curves. This means that the graphical objects created with
+ this remain as vector graphics. The same applies to PostScript output.
+ For other output formats the SVG graphic may be converted to a bitmap
+ image.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There are a number of SVG things that cannot be converted directly into
+ PDF. Parts of the graphic such as effects, patterns and images are inserted
+ into the PDF as a raster graphic. The resolution of these raster images can
+ be controlled through the "target resolution" setting in the
+ <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a>.</p>
+ <p>
+ Currently transparency is limited in PDF so some SVG images that
+ contain effects or graphics with transparent areas may not be displayed
+ correctly.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg-pdf-text">
+ <title>Placing SVG Text into PDF and PostScript</title>
+ <p>If possible, Batik will use normal PDF or PostScript text when inserting text. It does
+ this by checking if the text can be drawn normally and the font is
+ supported. This example svg <a href="../dev/svg/text.svg">text.svg</a> /
+ <a href="../dev/svg/text.pdf">text.pdf</a> / <a href="../dev/svg/text.png">text.png</a>
+ shows how various types and effects with text are handled.
+ Note that SVG font support is not yet implemented. Furthermore, text handling in
+ PostScript output is inferior to PDF output - more text will be painted as shapes in
+ PS than in PDF.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ When there's no support to paint text using native text operations,
+ text is converted and drawn as a set of shapes by Batik, using the
+ stroking text painter. This means that a typical character will
+ have about 10 curves (each curve consists of at least 20 characters).
+ This can make the output files large and when it is viewed the
+ viewer may not normally draw those fine curves very well (In Adobe Acrobat, turning on
+ "Smooth Line Art" in the preferences will fix this). Copy/paste functionality
+ will not be supported in this case.
+ If the text is inserted into the output file using the inbuilt text commands
+ it will use a single character.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Note that because SVG text can be rendered as either text or a vector graphic, you
+ may need to consider settings in your viewer for both. The Acrobat viewer has both
+ "smooth line art" and "smooth text" settings that may need to be set for SVG images
+ to be displayed nicely on your screen (see Edit / Preferences / Display).
+ This setting will not affect the printing of your document, which should be OK in
+ any case, but will only affect the quality of the screen display.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg-font-selection">
+ <title>Font selection notes</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache Batik uses the AWT/Java2D subsystem as font source while FOP has its own font
+ subsystem. Great care has been taken that font selection does the best possible choices.
+ But it must be noted when creating PDF or PostScript that a font used in SVG graphics
+ needs to be registered with the operating system as well as in FOP's configuration.
+ By using FOP's font auto-detection, you simply have to install the font in the operating
+ system and not care about anything else. This is less of an issue if you create
+ formats like TIFFs, PNGs or PCL because in these cases SVG graphics are usually rendered
+ to bitmaps which means that on both sides (Batik and FOP), AWT/Java2D is used as the
+ single font source.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Whenever an SVG is converted into a PDF or PostScript file, the font that has been used
+ inside Batik has to be mapped to a font used by the actual output format. Features like
+ font substitution in FOP may need to be taken into account but can also be an advantage
+ when working around font mapping issues. Like for XSL-FO content, you'll get a warning
+ if a particular font could not be found and had to be substituted, or if a particular
+ glyph is missing in a font.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg-scaling">
+ <title>Scaling</title>
+ <p>
+ Currently, SVG images are rendered with the dimensions specified <em>in the SVG
+ file</em>, within the viewport specified in the fo:external-graphic element.
+ For everything to work properly, the two should be equal. The SVG standard leaves
+ this issue as an implementation detail. Additional scaling options are available
+ through XSL-FO means.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If you use pixels to specify the size of an SVG graphic the "source resolution" setting
+ in the <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a> will be used to determine the
+ size of a pixel. The use of pixels to specify sizes is discouraged as they may
+ be interpreted differently in different environments.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg-problems">
+ <title>Known Problems</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Soft mask transparency is combined with white so that it looks better
+ on PDF 1.3 viewers but this causes the soft mask to be slightly lighter
+ or darker on PDF 1.4 viewers.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ There is some problem with a gradient inside a pattern which may cause a PDF
+ error when viewed in Acrobat 5.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Text is not always handled correctly, it may select the wrong font
+ especially if characters have multiple fonts in the font list.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Uniform transparency for images and other SVG elements that are converted
+ into a raster graphic are not drawn properly in PDF. The image is opaque.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="tiff">
+ <title>TIFF</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP can embed TIFF images without decompression into PDF, PostScript and AFP if they
+ have either CCITT T.4, CCITT T.6, or JPEG compression. Otherwise, a TIFF-capable
+ Image&nbsp;I/O codec is necessary for decoding the image.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There may be some limitation concerning images in the CMYK color space.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="wmf">
+ <title>WMF</title>
+ <p>
+ Windows Metafiles (WMF) are supported through classes in
+ <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>. At the moment, support
+ for this format is experimental and may not always work as expected.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="resolution">
+ <title>Graphics Resolution</title>
+ <p>
+ Some bitmapped image file formats store a dots-per-inch (dpi) or other resolution
+ values. FOP tries to use this resolution information whenever possible to determine
+ the image's intrinsic size. This size is used during the layout process when it is not
+ superseded by an explicit size on fo:external-graphic (content-width and content-height
+ properties).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Please note that not all images contain resolution information. If it's not available
+ the source resolution set on the FopFactory (or through the user configuration XML) is used.
+ The default here is 72 dpi.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Bitmap images are generally embedded into the output format at their original resolution
+ (as is). No resampling of the image is performed. Explicit resampling is on our wishlist,
+ but hasn't been implemented, yet. Bitmaps included in SVG graphics may be resampled to
+ the resolution specified in the "target resolution" setting in the
+ <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a> if SVG filters are applied. This can be
+ used as a work-around to resample images in FO documents.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="page-selection">
+ <title>Page selection for multi-page formats</title>
+ <p>
+ Some image formats such as TIFF support multiple pages/sub-images per file. You can
+ select a particular page using a special URI fragment in the form:
+ <uri>#page=<nr>
+ (for example: <code>http://localhost/images/myimage.tiff#page=3</code>)
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="caching">
+ <title>Image caching</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP caches images between runs. There is one cache per FopFactory instance. The URI is
+ used as a key to identify images which means that when a particular URI appears again,
+ the image is taken from the cache. If you have a servlet that generates a different
+ image each time it is called with the same URI you need to use a constantly
+ changing dummy parameter on the URI to avoid caching.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The image cache has been improved considerably in the redesigned code. Therefore,
+ resetting the image cache should be a thing of the past. If you
+ still experience OutOfMemoryErrors, please notify us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If all else fails, the image cache can be cleared like this:
+ <code>fopFactory.getImageManager().getCache().clearCache();</code>
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Hyphenation</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="support">
+ <title>Hyphenation Support</title>
+ <section id="intro">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>Apache™ FOP uses Liang's hyphenation algorithm, well known from TeX. It needs
+ language specific pattern and other data for operation.</p>
+ <p>Because of <a href="#license-issues">licensing issues</a> (and for
+ convenience), all hyphenation patterns for FOP are made available through
+ the <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">Objects For
+ Formatting Objects</a> project.</p>
+ <note>If you have made improvements to an existing Apache™ FOP hyphenation pattern,
+ or if you have created one from scratch, please consider contributing these
+ to OFFO so that they can benefit other FOP users as well.
+ Please inquire on the <a href="../maillist.html#fop-user">FOP User
+ mailing list</a>.</note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="license-issues">
+ <title>License Issues</title>
+ <p>Many of the hyphenation files distributed with TeX and its offspring are
+ licenced under the <a class="fork" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.html">LaTeX
+ Project Public License (LPPL)</a>, which prevents them from being
+ distributed with Apache software. The LPPL puts restrictions on file names
+ in redistributed derived works which we feel can't guarantee. Some
+ hyphenation pattern files have other or additional restrictions, for
+ example against use for commercial purposes.</p>
+ <p>Although Apache FOP cannot redistribute hyphenation pattern files that do
+ not conform with its license scheme, that does not necessarily prevent users
+ from using such hyphenation patterns with FOP. However, it does place on
+ the user the responsibility for determining whether the user can rightly use
+ such hyphenation patterns under the hyphenation pattern license.</p>
+ <warning>The user is responsible to settle license issues for hyphenation
+ pattern files that are obtained from non-Apache sources.</warning>
+ </section>
+ <section id="sources">
+ <title>Sources of Custom Hyphenation Pattern Files</title>
+ <p>The most important source of hyphenation pattern files is the
+ <a class="fork" href="http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/language/hyphenation/">CTAN TeX
+ Archive</a>.</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="install">
+ <title>Installing Custom Hyphenation Patterns</title>
+ <p>To install a custom hyphenation pattern for use with FOP:</p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>Convert the TeX hyphenation pattern file to the FOP format. The FOP
+ format is an xml file conforming to the DTD found at
+ <code>{fop-dir}/hyph/hyphenation.dtd</code>.</li>
+ <li>Name this new file following this schema:
+ <code>languageCode_countryCode.xml</code>. The country code is
+ optional, and should be used only if needed. For example:
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>en_US.xml</code> would be the file name for American
+ English hyphenation patterns.</li>
+ <li><code>it.xml</code> would be the file name for Italian
+ hyphenation patterns.</li>
+ </ul>
+ The language and country codes must match the XSL-FO input, which
+ follows <a href="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt">ISO
+ 639</a> (languages) and <a href="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso3166.txt">ISO
+ 3166</a> (countries). NOTE: The ISO 639/ISO 3166 convention is that
+ language names are written in lower case, while country codes are written
+ in upper case. FOP does not check whether the language and country specified
+ in the FO source are actually from the current standard, but it relies
+ on it being two letter strings in a few places. So you can make up your
+ own codes for custom hyphenation patterns, but they should be two
+ letter strings too (patches for proper handling extensions are welcome)</li>
+ <li>There are basically three ways to make the FOP-compatible hyphenation pattern
+ file(s) accessible to FOP:
+ <ul>
+ <li>Download the precompiled JAR from <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">OFFO
+ </a> and place it either in the <code>{fop-dir}/lib</code> directory, or
+ in a directory of your choice (and append the full path to the JAR to
+ the environment variable <code>FOP_HYPHENATION_PATH</code>).</li>
+ <li>Download the desired FOP-compatible hyphenation pattern file(s) from
+ <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">OFFO</a>,
+ and/or take your self created hyphenation pattern file(s),
+ <ul>
+ <li>place them in the directory <code>{fop-dir}/hyph</code>, </li>
+ <li>or place them in a directory of your choice and set the Ant variable
+ <code>user.hyph.dir</code> to point to that directory (in
+ <code>build-local.properties</code>),</li>
+ </ul>
+ and run Ant with build target
+ <code>jar-hyphenation</code>. This will create a JAR containing the
+ compiled patterns in <code>{fop-dir}/build</code> that will be added to the
+ classpath on the next run.
+ (When FOP is built from scratch, and there are pattern source file(s)
+ present in the directory pointed to by the
+ <code>user.hyph.dir</code> variable, this JAR will automatically
+ be created from the supplied pattern(s)).</li>
+ <li>Put the pattern source file(s) into a directory of your choice and
+ configure FOP to look for custom patterns in this directory, by setting the
+ <a href="configuration.html"><hyphenation-base></a>
+ configuration option.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <warning>
+ Either of these three options will ensure hyphenation is working when using
+ FOP from the command-line. If FOP is being embedded, remember to add the location(s)
+ of the hyphenation JAR(s) to the CLASSPATH (option 1 and 2) or to set the
+ <a href="configuration.html#hyphenation-dir"><hyphenation-dir></a>
+ configuration option programmatically (option 3).
+ </warning>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="patterns">
+ <title>Hyphenation Patterns</title>
+ <p>If you would like to build your own hyphenation pattern files, or modify
+ existing ones, this section will help you understand how to do so. Even
+ when creating a pattern file from scratch, it may be beneficial to start
+ with an existing file and modify it. See <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">
+ OFFO's Hyphenation page</a> for examples.
+ Here is a brief explanation of the contents of FOP's hyphenation patterns:</p>
+ <warning>The remaining content of this section should be considered "draft"
+ quality. It was drafted from theoretical literature, and has not been
+ tested against actual FOP behavior. It may contain errors or omissions.
+ Do not rely on these instructions without testing everything stated here.
+ If you use these instructions, please provide feedback on the
+ <a href="../maillist.html#fop-user">FOP User mailing list</a>, either
+ confirming their accuracy, or raising specific problems that we can
+ address.</warning>
+ <ul>
+ <li>The root of the pattern file is the <hyphenation-info> element.</li>
+ <li><hyphen-char>: its attribute "value" contains the character signalling
+ a hyphen in the <exceptions> section. It has nothing to do with the
+ hyphenation character used in FOP, use the XSLFO hyphenation-character
+ property for defining the hyphenation character there. At some points
+ a dash U+002D is hardwired in the code, so you'd better use this too
+ (patches to rectify the situation are welcome). There is no default,
+ if you declare exceptions with hyphenations, you must declare the
+ hyphen-char too.</li>
+ <li><hyphen-min> contains two attributes:
+ <ul>
+ <li>before: the minimum number of characters in a word allowed to exist
+ on a line immediately preceding a hyphenated word-break.</li>
+ <li>after: the minimum number of characters in a word allowed to exist
+ on a line immediately after a hyphenated word-break.</li>
+ </ul>
+ This element is unused and not even read. It should be considered a
+ documentation for parameters used during pattern generation.
+ </li>
+ <li><classes> contains whitespace-separated character sets. The members
+ of each set should be treated as equivalent for purposes of hyphenation,
+ usually upper and lower case of the same character. The first character
+ of the set is the canonical character, the patterns and exceptions
+ should only contain these canonical representation characters (except
+ digits for weight, the period (.) as word delimiter in the patterns and
+ the hyphen char in exceptions, of course).</li>
+ <li><exceptions> contains whitespace-separated words, each of which
+ has either explicit hyphen characters to denote acceptable breakage
+ points, or no hyphen characters, to indicate that this word should
+ never be hyphenated, or contain explicit <hyp> elements for specifying
+ changes of spelling due to hyphenation (like backen -> bak-ken or
+ Stoffarbe -> Stoff-farbe in the old german spelling). Exceptions override
+ the patterns described below. Explicit <hyp> declarations don't work
+ yet (patches welcome). Exceptions are generally a bit brittle, test
+ carefully.</li>
+ <li><patterns> includes whitespace-separated patterns, which are what
+ drive most hyphenation decisions. The characters in these patterns are
+ explained as follows:
+ <ul>
+ <li>non-numeric characters represent characters in a sub-word to be
+ evaluated</li>
+ <li>the period character (.) represents a word boundary, i.e. either
+ the beginning or ending of a word</li>
+ <li>numeric characters represent a scoring system for indicating the
+ acceptability of a hyphen in this location. Odd numbers represent an
+ acceptable location for a hyphen, with higher values overriding lower
+ inhibiting values. Even numbers indicate an unacceptable location, with
+ higher values overriding lower values indicating an acceptable position.
+ A value of zero (inhibiting) is implied when there is no number present.
+ Generally patterns are constructed so that valuse greater than 4 are rare.
+ Due to a bug currently patterns with values of 8 and greater don't
+ have an effect, so don't wonder.</li>
+ </ul>
+ Here are some examples from the English patterns file:
+ <ul>
+ <li>Knuth (<em>The TeXBook</em>, Appendix H) uses the example <strong>hach4</strong>, which indicates that it is extremely undesirable to place a hyphen after the substring "hach", for example in the word "toothach-es".</li>
+ <li><strong>.leg5e</strong> indicates that "leg-e", when it occurs at the beginning of a word, is a very good place to place a hyphen, if one is needed. Words like "leg-end" and "leg-er-de-main" fit this pattern.</li>
+ </ul>
+ Note that the algorithm that uses this data searches for each of the word's substrings in the patterns, and chooses the <em>highest</em> value found for letter combination.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>If you want to convert a TeX hyphenation pattern file, you have to undo
+ the TeX encoding for non-ASCII text. FOP uses Unicode, and the patterns
+ must be proper Unicode too. You should be aware of the XML encoding issues,
+ preferably use a good Unicode editor.</p>
+ <p>Note that FOP does not do Unicode character normalization. If you use
+ combining chars for accents and other character decorations, you must
+ declare character classes for them, and use the same sequence of base character
+ and combining marks in the XSLFO source, otherwise the pattern wouldn't match.
+ Fortunately, Unicode provides precomposed characters for all important cases
+ in common languages, until now nobody run seriously into this issue. Some dead
+ languages and dialects, especially ancient ones, may pose a real problem
+ though.</p>
+ <p>If you want to generate your own patterns, an open-source utility called
+ patgen can be used to assist in creating pattern files from dictionaries.
+ It is available in many Unix/Linux distributions and every TeX distribution.
+ Pattern creation for languages like english or german is an art. Read
+ Frank Liang's original paper <a class="fork" href="http://www.tug.org/docs/liang/">"Word
+ Hy-phen-a-tion by Com-pu-ter"</a> (yes, with hyphens) for details.
+ The original patgen.web source, included in the TeX source distributions,
+ contains valuable comments, unfortunately technical details often obscure the
+ high level issues. Another important source of information is
+ <a class="fork" href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/systems/knuth/dist/tex/texbook.tex">The
+ TeX Book</a>, appendix H (either read the TeX source, or run it through
+ TeX to typeset it). Secondary articles, for example the works by Petr Sojka,
+ may also give some much needed insight into problems arising in automated
+ hyphenation.</p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP Version 1.1</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="intro">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>
+ This is Version 1.1 of Apache FOP. FOP 1.1 contains many bug
+ fixes and a number of improvements, including
+ important features such as support for <a href="complexscripts.html">Complex Scripts</a>
+ (e.g., Arabic, Hebrew, Indic, and Southeast Asian scripts). To see what has changed since the last release,
+ please visit <a href="releaseNotes_1.1.html">Release Notes</a>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ This release implements a substantial subset of the W3C XSL-FO 1.1
+ Recommendation. For a detailed overview of FOP's
+ compliance with this recommendation, see <a href="../compliance.html">Compliance</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="upgrading">
+ <title>Upgrading from an earlier version</title>
+ <p>
+ If you're upgrading to this version from an earlier version of FOP, please read the
+ information on <a href="upgrading.html">Upgrading</a>!
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="download">
+ <title>Download</title>
+ <p>
+ To download this version, please visit <a href="../download.html">Downloading</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Intermediate Format</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <note>
+ Please note that the intermediate formats described here are
+ <strong>advanced features</strong> and can be ignored by most users of Apache FOP.
+ </note>
+ <section id="introduction">
+ <title>Introduction</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP now provides two different so-called intermediate formats. The first one
+ (let's call it the area tree XML format) is basically a 1:1 XML representation of FOP's
+ area tree as generated by the layout engine. The area tree is conceptually defined in the
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/slice1.html#section-N742-Formatting">XSL-FO specification in chapter 1.1.2</a>.
+ Even though the area tree is mentioned in the XSL-FO specification, this part is not
+ standardized. Therefore, the area tree XML format is a FOP-proprietary XML file format.
+ The area tree XML can be generated through the area tree XML Renderer (the XMLRenderer).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The second intermediate format (which we shall name exactly like this: the intermediate
+ format)
+ is a recent addition which tries to meet a slightly different set of goals. It is highly
+ optimized for speed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The intermediate format can be used to generate intermediate documents that are modified
+ before they are finally rendered to their ultimate output format. Modifications include
+ adjusting and changing trait values, adding or modifying area objects, inserting prefabricated
+ pages, overlays, imposition (n-up, rotation, scaling etc.). Multiple IF files can be combined
+ to a single output file.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="which-if">
+ <title>Which Intermediate Format to choose?</title>
+ <p>
+ Both formats have their use cases, so the choice you will make will depend on your
+ particular situation. Here is a list of strengths and use cases for both formats:
+ </p>
+ <section id="strengths-at">
+ <title>Area Tree XML (AT XML)</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li>1:1 representation of FOP's area tree in XML.</li>
+ <li>Contains more structure information than the new intermediate format.</li>
+ <li>Used in FOP's layout engine test suite for regression testing.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="strengths-if">
+ <title>Intermediate Format (IF)</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Highly optimized for speed.</li>
+ <li>Smaller XML files.</li>
+ <li>Easier to post-process.</li>
+ <li>XML Schema is available.</li>
+ <li>
+ Recommended for use cases where documents are formatted concurrently and later
+ concatenated to a single print job.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <p>
+ More technical information about the two formats can be found on the
+ <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AreaTreeIntermediateXml/NewDesign">FOP Wiki</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="architecture">
+ <title>Architectural Overview</title>
+ <figure src="images/if-architecture-overview.png"
+ alt="Diagram with an architectural overview over the intermediate formats"/>
+ </section>
+ <section id="usage">
+ <title>Usage of the Area Tree XML format (AT XML)</title>
+ <p>
+ As already mentioned, the area tree XML format is generated by using the
+ <strong>XMLRenderer</strong> (MIME type: <strong>application/X-fop-areatree</strong>).
+ So, you basically set the right MIME type for the output format and process your FO files
+ as if you would create a PDF file.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ However, there is an important detail to consider: The
+ various Renderers don't all use the same font sources. To be able to create the right
+ area tree for the ultimate output format, you need to create the area tree XML file using
+ the right font setup. This is achieved by telling the XMLRenderer to mimic another
+ renderer. This is done by calling the XMLRenderer's mimicRenderer() method with an
+ instance of the ultimate target renderer as the single parameter. This has a consequence:
+ An area tree XML file rendered with the Java2DRenderer may not look as expected when it
+ was actually generated for the PDF renderer. For renderers that use the same font setup,
+ this restriction does not apply (PDF and PS, for example). Generating the area tree XML
+ format file is the first step.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The second step is to reparse the file using the <strong>AreaTreeParser</strong> which is
+ found in the org.apache.fop.area package. The pages retrieved from the area tree XML file
+ are added to an AreaTreeModel instance from where they are normally rendered using one of
+ the available Renderer implementations. You can find examples for the area tree XML
+ processing in the
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/"><code>examples/embedding</code></a>
+ directory in the FOP distribution.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The basic pattern to parse the area tree XML format looks like this:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+
+// Setup output
+OutputStream out = new java.io.FileOutputStream(pdffile);
+out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);
+try {
+ //Setup fonts and user agent
+ FontInfo fontInfo = new FontInfo();
+ FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+
+ //Construct the AreaTreeModel that will received the individual pages
+ AreaTreeModel treeModel = new RenderPagesModel(userAgent,
+ MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, fontInfo, out);
+
+ //Parse the area tree file into the area tree
+ AreaTreeParser parser = new AreaTreeParser();
+ Source src = new StreamSource(myIFFile);
+ parser.parse(src, treeModel, userAgent);
+
+ //Signal the end of the processing. The renderer can finalize the target document.
+ treeModel.endDocument();
+} finally {
+ out.close();
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ This example simply reads an area tree file and renders it to a PDF file. Please note, that in normal
+ FOP operation you're shielded from having to instantiate the FontInfo object yourself. This
+ is normally a task of the AreaTreeHandler which is not present in this scenario. The same
+ applies to the AreaTreeModel instance, in this case an instance of a subclass called
+ RenderPagesModel. RenderPagesModel is ideal in this case as it has very little overhead
+ processing the individual pages. An important line in the example is the call to
+ <code>endDocument()</code> on the AreaTreeModel. This lets the Renderer know that the processing
+ is now finished.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The area tree XML format can also be used from the <a href="running.html#standalone-start">command-line</a>
+ by using the "-atin" parameter for specifying the area tree XML as input file. You can also
+ specify a "mimic renderer" by inserting a MIME type between "-at" and the output file.
+ </p>
+ <section id="concat">
+ <title>Concatenating Documents</title>
+ <p>
+ This initial example is obviously not very useful. It would be faster to create the PDF file
+ directly. As the <a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/atxml/ExampleConcat.java">ExampleConcat.java</a>
+ example shows you can easily parse multiple area tree files in a row and add the parsed pages to the
+ same AreaTreeModel instance which essentially concatenates all the input document to one single
+ output document.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="modifying">
+ <title>Modifying Documents</title>
+ <p>
+ One of the most important use cases for this format is obviously modifying the area
+ tree XML before finally rendering it to the target format. You can easily use XSLT to process
+ the AT XML file according to your needs. Please note, that we will currently not formally describe
+ the area tree XML format. You need to have a good understanding its structure so you don't
+ create any non-parseable files. We may add an XML Schema and more detailed documentation at a
+ later time. You're invited to help us with that.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ The area tree XML format is sensitive to changes in whitespace. If you're not careful,
+ the modified file may not render correctly.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="advanced">
+ <title>Advanced Use</title>
+ <p>
+ The generation of the area tree format as well as it parsing process has been designed to allow
+ for maximum flexibility and optimization. Please note that you can call <code>setTransformerHandler()</code> on
+ XMLRenderer to give the XMLRenderer your own TransformerHandler instance in case you would like to
+ do custom serialization (to a W3C DOM, for example) and/or to directly modify the area tree using
+ XSLT. The AreaTreeParser on the other side allows you to retrieve a ContentHandler instance where
+ you can manually send SAX events to to start the parsing process (see <code>getContentHandler()</code>).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="usage-if">
+ <title>Usage of the Intermediate Format (IF)</title>
+ <p>
+ The Intermediate Format (IF) is generated by the <strong>IFSerializer</strong>
+ (MIME type: <strong>application/X-fop-intermediate-format</strong>).
+ So, you basically set the right MIME type for the output format and process your FO files
+ as if you would create a PDF file.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The IFSerializer is an implementation of the <strong>IFDocumentHandler</strong> and
+ <strong>IFPainter</strong> interfaces. The <strong>IFRenderer</strong> class is responsible
+ for converting FOP's area tree into calls against these two interfaces.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ IFDocumentHandler: This interface is used on the document-level and defines the
+ overall structure of the Intermediate Format.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ IFPainter: This interface is used to generate graphical page content like text, images
+ and borders.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ As with the AT XML, there is an important detail to consider: The various output
+ implementations don't all use the same font sources. To be able
+ to create the right IF for the ultimate output file, you need to create the IF file using
+ the right font setup. This is achieved by telling the IFRenderer (responsible for
+ converting the area tree into calls to the IFDocumentHandler and IFPainter interfaces)
+ to mimic another renderer. This is done by calling the IFSerializer's
+ mimicDocumentHandler() method with an instance of the ultimate target document handler
+ as the single parameter. This has a consequence: An IF file rendered with the
+ Java2DDocumentHandler may not look as expected when it was actually generated for the PDF
+ implementation. For implementations that use the same font setup,
+ this restriction does not apply (PDF and PS, for example). Generating the Intermediate
+ Format file is the first step.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The second step is to reparse the file using the <strong>IFParser</strong> which is
+ found in the org.apache.fop.render.intermediate package. The IFParser simply takes an
+ IFDocumentHandler instance against which it generates the appropriate calls. The IFParser
+ is implemented as a SAX ContentHandler so you're free to choose the method for
+ post-processing the IF file(s). You can use XSLT or write SAX- or DOM-based code to
+ manipulate the contents. You can find examples for the Intermediate Format
+ processing in the
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/"><code>examples/embedding</code></a>
+ directory in the FOP distribution.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The basic pattern to parse the intermediate format looks like this:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+
+// Setup output
+OutputStream out = new java.io.FileOutputStream(pdffile);
+out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);
+try {
+ //Setup user agent
+ FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+
+ //Create IFDocumentHandler instance
+ IFDocumentHandler targetHandler;
+ String mime = MimeConstants.MIME_PDF;
+ targetHandler = fopFactory.getRendererFactory().createDocumentHandler(
+ userAgent, mime);
+
+ //Setup fonts
+ IFUtil.setupFonts(targetHandler);
+
+ //Tell the target handler where to write the PDF to
+ targetHandler.setResult(new StreamResult(pdffile));
+
+ //Parse the IF file
+ IFParser parser = new IFParser();
+ Source src = new StreamSource(myIFFile);
+ parser.parse(src, targetHandler, userAgent);
+
+} finally {
+ out.close();
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ This example simply reads an intermediate file and renders it to a PDF file. Here
+ IFParser.parse() is used, but you can also just get a SAX ContentHandler by using the
+ IFParser.getContentHandler() method.
+ </p>
+ <section id="concat-if">
+ <title>Concatenating Documents</title>
+ <p>
+ This initial example is obviously not very useful. It would be faster to create the PDF file
+ directly (without the intermediate step). As the
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/ExampleConcat.java">ExampleConcat.java</a>
+ example shows you can easily parse multiple intermediate files in a row and use the
+ IFConcatenator class to concatenate page sequences from multiple source files to a single
+ output file. This particular example does the concatenation on the level of the
+ IFDocumentHandler interface. You could also do this in XSLT or using SAX on the XML level.
+ Whatever suits your process best.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="modifying-if">
+ <title>Modifying Documents</title>
+ <p>
+ One of the most important use cases for this format is obviously modifying the
+ intermediate format before finally rendering it to the target format. You can easily use
+ XSLT to process the IF file according to your needs.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There is an XML Schema (located under
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/src/documentation/intermediate-format-ng/">src/documentation/intermediate-format-ng</a>)
+ that helps you verify that your modified content is correct.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For certain output formats there's a caveat: Formats like AFP and PCL do not support
+ arbitrary transformations on the IF's "viewport" and "g" elements. Possible are
+ only rotations in 90 degree steps and translations.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="advanced-if">
+ <title>Advanced Use</title>
+ <p>
+ The generation of the intermediate format as well as it parsing process has been
+ designed to allow for maximum flexibility and optimization. So rather than just passing
+ in a StreamResult to IFSerializer's setResult() method, you can also use a SAXResult
+ or a DOMResult. And as you've already seen , the IFParser on the other side allows you
+ to retrieve a ContentHandler instance where you can manually send SAX events to
+ start the parsing process (see <code>getContentHandler()</code>).
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<known-issues>
+ <known-issue>
+ Support for Unicode characters outside of the Base Multilingual Plane (BMP), i.e., characters
+ whose code points are greater than 65535, is not yet implemented.
+ See <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51843">bug 51843</link>.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ The writing-mode property does not produce the expected behavior when specified on
+ <code>fo:simple-page-master</code> or <code>fo:region-*</code> elements.
+ See <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53276">bug 53276</link>.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ Support for Devanagari and other Indic scripts is not yet complete.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ Use of Unicode U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ) or U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ)
+ does not prevent or force contextual substitution, respectively, when used with Arabic script.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ Use of Unicode U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ) or U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ)
+ does not affect conjunct formation or other special behavior prescribed when used with Indic scripts.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ Support for automatic line breaking at orthographic syllable segment boundaries in Indic
+ or Southeast Asian scripts is not yet available. In the mean time, use U+200B ZERO WIDTH SPACE (ZWSP).
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ Complex script content is presently supported only with AT, IF, and PDF output formats.
+ </known-issue>
+ <known-issue>
+ When complex script text encounters an <code>fo:inline</code> or <code>fo:character</code> boundary,
+ contextual substitution and ligature formation will not occur across the boundary. This prevents,
+ for example, applying a different color to an Arabic Letter within an Arabic word, unless that letter
+ is a non-joining letter (on both sides).
+ </known-issue>
+</known-issues>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Known Issues</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+<body>
+<section>
+ <title>Known issues</title>
+ <p>
+ This page lists currently known issues in the current release.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ <p>
+ For additional information on known issues in Apache™ FOP, please have a look at the following pages, too:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="../bugs.html">the bug list in Bugzilla</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/FOPProjectTasks">the task list in the Wiki</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP has an extensive automated testing infrastructure. Parts of this infrastructure are several
+ sets of test cases. When a test case is listed in disabled-testcases.xml it is disabled in the JUnit
+ tests during the normal build process. This indicates a problem in the current codebase. When a bug is
+ fixed or a missing feature is added the entry for the relevant test case(s) are removed.
+ </p>
+ <section>
+ <title>FO Tree</title>
+ <p>
+ This section lists disabled test cases in the test suite for the FO tree tests, at the time
+ of the release.
+ </p>
+ <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-fotree_1.1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Layout Engine</title>
+ <p>
+ This section lists disabled test cases in the test suite for the layout engine tests, at the
+ time of the release.
+ </p>
+ <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-layoutengine_1.1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Other known issues</title>
+ <p>This section lists some other issues that post-date the release of FOP 1.0. For known issues that pre-date FOP 1.0, see
+ <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?chfieldto=2010-07-20&chfield=%5BBug%20creation%5D&query_format=advanced&chfieldfrom=2001-01-01&bug_status=NEW&bug_status=ASSIGNED&bug_status=REOPENED&bug_status=NEEDINFO&product=Fop">older bugs that remain open</link>.
+ For all open issues that post-date FOP 1.0, see
+ <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?chfieldto=Now&chfield=%5BBug%20creation%5D&query_format=advanced&chfieldfrom=2010-07-20&bug_status=NEW&bug_status=ASSIGNED&bug_status=REOPENED&bug_status=NEEDINFO&product=Fop">newer bugs that remain open</link>.
+ </p>
+ <!-- See <root>/known-issues.xml for the source document of this section! -->
+ <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-static_1.1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
+ </section>
+</section>
+</body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="disabled-testcases.xsl"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!--DOCTYPE disabled-testcases SYSTEM "disabled-testcases.dtd"-->
+<disabled-testcases>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Auto-height block-containers produce fences</name>
+ <file>block-container_space-before_space-after_3.xml</file>
+ <description>Block-containers with no height currently don't
+ create a fence for spaces as they should (they behave like a
+ normal block).</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>font-stretch NYI</name>
+ <file>block_font-stretch.xml</file>
+ <description>Font-stretch is not implemented, yet.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>linefeed-treatment</name>
+ <file>block_linefeed-treatment.xml</file>
+ <description>Preserved linefeeds in a fo:character are not handled
+ correctly.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>white-space-treatment</name>
+ <file>block_white-space-treatment_3.xml</file>
+ <description>White space handling incorrectly stops at fo:inline
+ boundaries when it comes to formatter generated line breaks.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Empty blocks produce fences</name>
+ <file>block_space-before_space-after_8.xml</file>
+ <description>An empty block currently produces a fence for
+ stacking constraints which it shouldn't.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>block white-space nbsp 2</name>
+ <file>block_white-space_nbsp_2.xml</file>
+ <description>The nbsp given as an fo:character is not adjustable and therefore
+ the justification does not work in this case.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>block word-spacing</name>
+ <file>block_word-spacing.xml</file>
+ <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>block word-spacing text-align justify</name>
+ <file>block_word-spacing_text-align_justify.xml</file>
+ <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>external-graphic don't shrink</name>
+ <file>external-graphic_oversized.xml</file>
+ <description>Images currently don't shrink so they fit on a page
+ when they are too big and shrinking is allowed to
+ happen (min/opt/max).</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Test case with HTTP URL</name>
+ <file>external-graphic_src_uri.xml</file>
+ <description>Doesn't work behind a proxy which requires
+ authorization.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Space Resolution in foot note area</name>
+ <file>footnote_space-resolution.xml</file>
+ <description>Space resolution does not work between footnote
+ regions.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>NPE for table inside an inline</name>
+ <file>inline_block_nested_3.xml</file>
+ <description>Placing a table as a child of an fo:inline produces a
+ NullPointerException.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>inline-container is not implemented, yet.</name>
+ <file>inline-container_block_nested.xml</file>
+ <description>inline-container is not implemented, yet. Content of an
+ inline-container will get swallowed. The test case contains no checks.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>inline-container is not implemented, yet.</name>
+ <file>inline-container_border_padding.xml</file>
+ <description>inline-container is not implemented, yet. Content of an
+ inline-container will get swallowed.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>inline letter-spacing</name>
+ <file>inline_letter-spacing.xml</file>
+ <description>Letter-spacing may not work as
+ expected within fo:inline.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>inline word-spacing</name>
+ <file>inline_word-spacing.xml</file>
+ <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected within
+ fo:inline.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>inline word-spacing text-align justify</name>
+ <file>inline_word-spacing_text-align_justify.xml</file>
+ <description></description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>leader-alignment NYI</name>
+ <file>leader-alignment.xml</file>
+ <description>Leader-alignment is not yet
+ implemented.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>leader-pattern="use-content": Problem with line height</name>
+ <file>leader_leader-pattern_use-content_bug.xml</file>
+ <description>Line height is not correctly calculated for
+ use-content leaders whose height is larger than the rest of the
+ line.</description>
+ <reference>http://www.nabble.com/leaders-with-leader-pattern%3D%22use-content%22-t546244.html</reference>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Page breaking doesn't deal with IPD changes</name>
+ <file>page-breaking_4.xml</file>
+ <description>Page breaking currently doesn't support changing available IPD
+ between pages of a single page-sequence. Element list generation has to be reset to
+ redetermine line breaks in this case.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Overflow handing is incomplete</name>
+ <file>page-breaking_6.xml</file>
+ <description>Line breaking is not 100% correct when there's too little space.
+ Overflows are not detected and warned.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Indefinite page height handling is imcomplete</name>
+ <file>page-height_indefinite_simple.xml</file>
+ <description>A RuntimeException is thrown for a page of indefinite height. Lots of warnings.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>page-number-citation: Problem with background-image</name>
+ <file>page-number-citation_background-image.xml</file>
+ <description>Background-images on page-number-citations are not
+ placed correctly.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>IDs are not working on all FO elements</name>
+ <file>page-number-citation_complex_1.xml</file>
+ <description>The "id" attributes are not properly handled for all block-level FO elements.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>IDs are not working on all FO elements</name>
+ <file>page-number-citation_complex_2.xml</file>
+ <description>The "id" attributes are not properly handled for all inline-level FO elements.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Footnotes in multi-column documents</name>
+ <file>region-body_column-count_footnote.xml</file>
+ <description>Footnotes may overlap with text of the region-body in
+ multi-column documents.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Column Balancing problems</name>
+ <file>region-body_column-count_balance_4col.xml</file>
+ <description>Situation in a 4-column document where the column balancing doesn't work and even causes some
+ content to disappear.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Column Balancing problems</name>
+ <file>region-body_column-count_bug36356.xml</file>
+ <description>Column balancing doesn't work as expected.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>table-cell empty area with marker.xml</name>
+ <file>table-cell_empty_area_with_marker.xml</file>
+ <description>A table-cell producing an empty area does currently not add any markers to a page.
+ See TODO entry in AreaAdditionUtil.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Border conditionality on table</name>
+ <file>table_border-width_conditionality.xml</file>
+ <description>The code should be ok, but the test case uses shorthands and therefore
+ is probably not expressing the indended outcome according to the spec. The test
+ case should be revisited.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Soft hyphen with normal hyphenation enabled</name>
+ <file>block_shy_linebreaking_hyph.xml</file>
+ <description>A soft hyphen should be a preferred as break compared to a
+ normal hyphenation point but is not.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Page-keep not respected in multi-column layout</name>
+ <file>keep_within-page_multi-column_overflow.xml</file>
+ <description>The block should cause overflow in the
+ last column on the page, rather than be broken.</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Block Container Reference Orientation Bug</name>
+ <file>block-container_reference-orientation_bug36391.xml</file>
+ <description>An assert is failing</description>
+ </testcase>
+ <testcase>
+ <name>Writing mode problems</name>
+ <file>simple-page-master_writing-mode_rl_region-body_writing-mode-lr.xml</file>
+ <description>Test erroneously depends upon incorrect implementation of writing-mode trait
+ derivation on fo:region-*.</description>
+ </testcase>
+</disabled-testcases>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Metadata</title>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ Document metadata is an important tool for categorizing and finding documents.
+ Various formats support different kinds of metadata representation and to
+ different levels. One of the more popular and flexible means of representing
+ document or object metadata is
+ <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/">XMP (eXtensible Metadata Platform, specified by Adobe)</a>.
+ PDF 1.4 introduced the use of XMP. The XMP specification lists recommendation for
+ embedding XMP metdata in other document and image formats. Given its flexibility it makes
+ sense to make use this approach in the XSL-FO context. Unfortunately, unlike SVG which
+ also refers to XMP, XSL-FO doesn't recommend a preferred way of specifying document and
+ object metadata. Therefore, there's no portable way to represent metadata in XSL-FO
+ documents. Each implementation does it differently.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="xmp-in-fo">
+ <title>Embedding XMP in an XSL-FO document</title>
+ <p>
+ As noted above, there's no officially recommended way to embed metadata in XSL-FO.
+ Apache™ FOP supports embedding XMP in XSL-FO. Currently, only support for document-level
+ metadata is implemented. Object-level metadata will be implemented when there's
+ interest.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Document-level metadata can be specified in the <code>fo:declarations</code> element.
+ XMP specification recommends to use <code>x:xmpmeta</code>, <code>rdf:RDF</code>, and
+ <code>rdf:Description</code> elements as shown in example below. Both
+ <code>x:xmpmeta</code> and <code>rdf:RDF</code> elements are recognized as the top-level
+ element introducing an XMP fragment (as per the XMP specification).
+ </p>
+ <section id="xmp-example">
+ <title>Example</title>
+ <source><![CDATA[[..]
+</fo:layout-master-set>
+<fo:declarations>
+ <x:xmpmeta xmlns:x="adobe:ns:meta/">
+ <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about=""
+ xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
+ <!-- Dublin Core properties go here -->
+ <dc:title>Document title</dc:title>
+ <dc:creator>Document author</dc:creator>
+ <dc:description>Document subject</dc:description>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about=""
+ xmlns:xmp="http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/">
+ <!-- XMP properties go here -->
+ <xmp:CreatorTool>Tool used to make the PDF</xmp:CreatorTool>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ </rdf:RDF>
+ </x:xmpmeta>
+</fo:declarations>
+<fo:page-sequence ...
+[..]]]></source>
+ <note>
+ <code>fo:declarations</code> <strong>must</strong> be declared after
+ <code>fo:layout-master-set</code> and before the first <code>page-sequence</code>.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="xmp-impl-in-fop">
+ <title>Implementation in Apache FOP</title>
+ <p>
+ Currently, XMP support is only available for PDF output.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Originally, you could set some metadata information through FOP's FOUserAgent by
+ using its set*() methods (like setTitle(String) or setAuthor(String). These values are
+ directly used to set value in the PDF Info object. Since PDF 1.4, adding metadata as an
+ XMP document to a PDF is possible. That means that there are now two mechanisms in PDF
+ that hold metadata.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP now synchronizes the Info and the Metadata object in PDF, i.e. when you
+ set the title and the author through the FOUserAgent, the two values will end up in
+ the (old) Info object and in the new Metadata object as XMP content. If instead of
+ FOUserAgent, you embed XMP metadata in the XSL-FO document (as shown above), the
+ XMP metadata will be used as-is in the PDF Metadata object and some values from the
+ XMP metadata will be copied to the Info object to maintain backwards-compatibility
+ for PDF readers that don't support XMP metadata.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The mapping between the Info and the Metadata object used by Apache FOP comes from
+ the <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=38920">PDF/A-1 specification</a>.
+ For convenience, here's the mapping table:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th colspan="2">Document information dictionary</th>
+ <th colspan="3">XMP</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Entry</th>
+ <th>PDF type</th>
+ <th>Property</th>
+ <th>XMP type</th>
+ <th>Category</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Title</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>dc:title</td>
+ <td>Text</td>
+ <td>External</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Author</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>dc:creator</td>
+ <td>seq Text</td>
+ <td>External</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Subject</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>dc:description["x-default"]</td>
+ <td>Text</td>
+ <td>External</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Keywords</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>pdf:Keywords</td>
+ <td>Text</td>
+ <td>External</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Creator</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>xmp:CreatorTool</td>
+ <td>Text</td>
+ <td>External</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Producer</td>
+ <td>text string</td>
+ <td>pdf:Producer</td>
+ <td>Text</td>
+ <td>Internal</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>CreationDate</td>
+ <td>date</td>
+ <td>xmp:CreationDate</td>
+ <td>Date</td>
+ <td>Internal</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>ModDate</td>
+ <td>date</td>
+ <td>xmp:ModifyDate</td>
+ <td>Date</td>
+ <td>Internal</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <note>
+ "Internal" in the Category column means that the user should not set this value.
+ It is set by the application.
+ </note>
+ <note>
+ The "Subject" used to be mapped to <code>dc:subject</code> in the initial publication of
+ PDF/A-1 (ISO 19005-1). In the
+ <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=45613">Technical Corrigendum 1</a>
+ this was changed to map to <code>dc:description["x-default"]</code>.
+ </note>
+ <section id="namespaces">
+ <title>Namespaces</title>
+ <p>
+ Metadata is made of property sets where each property set uses a different namespace URI.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The following is a listing of namespaces that Apache FOP recognizes and acts upon,
+ mostly to synchronize the XMP metadata with the PDF Info dictionary:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Set/Schema</th>
+ <th>Namespace Prefix</th>
+ <th>Namespace URI</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Dublin Core</td>
+ <td>dc</td>
+ <td>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>XMP Basic</td>
+ <td>xmp</td>
+ <td>http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Adobe PDF Schema</td>
+ <td>pdf</td>
+ <td>http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ Please refer to the <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">XMP Specification</a>
+ for information on other metadata namespaces.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Property sets (Namespaces) not listed here are simply passed through to the final
+ document (if supported). That is useful if you want to specify a custom metadata
+ schema.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="links">
+ <title>Links</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/">Adobe's Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) website</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">Adobe XMP Specification</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">Adobe XMP Specification</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://dublincore.org/">http://dublincore.org/</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<!-- Output Formats: Renderers -->
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP Output Formats</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ <authors>
+ <person name="Keiron Liddle" email="keiron@aftexsw.com"/>
+ <person name="Art Welch" email=""/>
+ </authors>
+ </header>
+
+ <body>
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP supports multiple output formats by using a different renderer for each format.
+ The renderers do not all have the same set of capabilities, sometimes because of
+ the output format itself, sometimes because some renderers get more development
+ attention than others.
+ </p>
+ <section id="general">
+ <title>General Information</title>
+ <section id="general-fonts">
+ <title>Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ Most FOP renderers use a FOP-specific system for font registration.
+ However, the Java2D/AWT and print renderers use the Java AWT package, which gets its
+ font information from the operating system registration.
+ This can result in several differences, including actually using different fonts,
+ and having different font metrics for the same font.
+ The net effect is that the layout of a given FO document can be quite different between
+ renderers that do not use the same font information.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Theoretically, there's some potential to make the output of the PDF/PS renderers match
+ the output of the Java2D-based renderers. If FOP used the font metrics from its own
+ font subsystem but still used Java2D for text painting in the Java2D-based renderers,
+ this could probably be achieved. However, this approach hasn't been implemented, yet.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ With a work-around, it is possible to match the PDF/PS output in a Java2D-based
+ renderer pretty closely. The clue is to use the
+ <a href="intermediate.html">intermediate format</a>. The trick is to layout the
+ document using FOP's own font subsystem but then render the document using Java2D.
+ Here are the necessary steps (using the command-line):
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Produce an IF file: <code>fop -fo myfile.fo -at application/pdf myfile.at.xml</code><br/>
+ Specifying "application/pdf" for the "-at" parameter causes FOP to use FOP's own
+ font subsystem (which is used by the PDF renderer). Note that no PDF file is created
+ in this step.
+ </li>
+ <li>Render to a PDF file: <code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -pdf myfile.pdf</code></li>
+ <li>Render to a Java2D-based renderer:
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -print</code></li>
+ <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -awt</code></li>
+ <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -tiff myfile.tiff</code></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </section>
+ <section id="general-direct-output">
+ <title>Output to a Printer or Other Device</title>
+ <p>
+ The most obvious way to print your document is to use the FOP
+ <a href="#print">print renderer</a>, which uses the Java2D API (AWT).
+ However, you can also send output from the Postscript renderer directly to a Postscript
+ device, or output from the PCL renderer directly to a PCL device.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Here are Windows command-line examples for Postscript and PCL:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[fop ... -ps \\computername\printer]]></source>
+ <source><![CDATA[fop ... -pcl \\computername\printer]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Here is some Java code to accomplish the task in UNIX:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("lp -d" + print_queue + " -o -dp -");
+out = proc.getOutputStream();]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Set the output MIME type to "application/x-pcl" (MimeConstants.MIME_PCL) and
+ it happily sends the PCL to the UNIX printer queue.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pdf">
+ <title>PDF</title>
+ <p>
+ PDF is the best supported output format. It is also the most accurate
+ with text and layout. This creates a PDF document that is streamed out
+ as each page is rendered. This means that the internal page index
+ information is stored near the end of the document.
+ The PDF version supported is 1.4. PDF versions are forwards/backwards
+ compatible.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Note that FOP does not currently support PDF/A-1a.
+ Support for <a href="accessibility.html">Tagged PDF</a>, <a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A-1b</a>
+ and <a href="pdfx.html">PDF/X</a> has recently been added, however.
+ </p>
+ <section id="pdf-fonts">
+ <title>Fonts</title>
+ <p>
+ PDF has a set of fonts that are always available to all PDF viewers;
+ to quote from the PDF Specification:
+
+ <em>"PDF prescribes a set of 14 standard fonts that can be used without prior
+ definition.
+ These include four faces each of three Latin text typefaces (Courier,
+ Helvetica, and Times), as well as two symbolic fonts (Symbol and ITC Zapf
+ Dingbats). These fonts, or suitable substitute fonts with the same metrics, are
+ guaranteed to be available in all PDF viewer applications."</em>
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pdf-postprocess">
+ <title>Post-processing</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP does not currently support several desirable PDF features: watermarks and signatures.
+ One workaround is to use Adobe Acrobat (the full version, not the Reader) to process
+ the file manually or with scripting that it supports.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Another popular post-processing tool is <a href="http://www.lowagie.com/iText">iText</a>,
+ which has tools for adding security features, document properties, watermarks, and many
+ other features to PDF files.
+ </p>
+ <warning>
+ Caveat: iText may swallow PDF bookmarks. But
+ <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37589">Jens Stavnstrup tells us</a>
+ that this doesn't happen if you use iText's PDFStamper.
+ </warning>
+ <p>
+ Here is some sample code that uses iText to encrypt a FOP-generated PDF. (Note that FOP now
+ supports <a href="pdfencryption.html">PDF encryption</a>. However the principles for using
+ iText for other PDF features are similar.)
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[public static void main(String args[]) {
+ try {
+ ByteArrayOutputStream fopout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+ FileOutputStream outfile = new FileOutputStream(args[2]);
+ FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+ Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, fopout);
+
+ Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(
+ new StreamSource(new File(args[1])));
+ transformer.transform(new StreamSource(new File(args[0])),
+ new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler()));
+ PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(fopout.toByteArray());
+ int n = reader.getNumberOfPages();
+ Document document = new Document(reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(1));
+ PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, outfile);
+ writer.setEncryption(PdfWriter.STRENGTH40BITS, "pdf", null,
+ PdfWriter.AllowCopy);
+ document.open();
+ PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();
+ PdfImportedPage page;
+ int rotation;
+ int i = 0;
+ while (i < n) {
+ i++;
+ document.setPageSize(reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(i));
+ document.newPage();
+ page = writer.getImportedPage(reader, i);
+ rotation = reader.getPageRotation(i);
+ if (rotation == 90 || rotation == 270) {
+ cb.addTemplate(page, 0, -1f, 1f, 0, 0,
+ reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(i).height());
+ } else {
+ cb.addTemplate(page, 1f, 0, 0, 1f, 0, 0);
+ }
+ System.out.println("Processed page " + i);
+ }
+ document.close();
+ } catch( Exception e) {
+ e.printStackTrace();
+ }
+}]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Check the iText tutorial and documentation for setting access flags, password,
+ encryption strength and other parameters.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pdf-watermark">
+ <title>Watermarks</title>
+ <p>
+ In addition to the <a href="#pdf-postprocess">PDF Post-processing</a> options, consider the following workarounds:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Use a background image for the body region.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ (submitted by Trevor Campbell) Place an image in a
+ region that overlaps the flowing text. For example, make
+ region-before large enough to contain your image. Then include a
+ block (if necessary, use an absolutely positioned block-container)
+ containing the watermark image in the static-content for the
+ region-before. Note that the image will be drawn on top of the
+ normal content.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pdf-extensions">
+ <title>Extensions</title>
+ <p>The PDF Renderer supports some PDF specific extensions which can be embedded
+ into the input FO document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must
+ be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:pdf="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/pdf">
+ ]]></source>
+ <section id="pdf-embedded-file">
+ <title>Embedded Files</title>
+ <p>
+ It is possible to attach/embed arbitrary files into a PDF file. You can give a name and
+ a description of the file. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:declarations>
+ <pdf:embedded-file filename="image.jpg" src="url(file:///C:/Temp/myimage.jpg)" description="My image"/>
+ <pdf:embedded-file src="url(file:///C:/Temp/MyTextDoc.odt)"/>
+ </fo:declarations>
+ ]]></source>
+ <p>
+ <code>pdf:embedded-file</code> must be a child of <code>fo:declarations</code>.
+ The "src" property is used to reference the file that is to be embedded. This property
+ uses the "uri-specification" datatype from the XSL-FO specification.
+ The "filename" property is optional. If it is missing the filename is automatically set
+ from the URI/IRI of the "src" property. An optional description can also be added to
+ further describe the file attachment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ It is also possible to reference an embedded file from an <code>fo:basic-link</code>.
+ Use the special "embedded-file:" URI scheme with the filename as single argument after
+ the URI scheme. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fo:basic-link external-destination="url(embedded-file:image.jpg)">Attached Image</fo:basic-link>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Note: Not all PDF Viewers (including some Acrobat Versions) will open the embedded file
+ when clicking on the link. In that case, the user will have to open he attachment via
+ the separate list of file attachments.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+<section id="ps">
+ <title>PostScript</title>
+ <p>
+ The PostScript renderer has been brought up to a similar quality as the
+ PDF renderer, but may still be missing certain features. It provides good
+ support for most text and layout.
+ Images and SVG are not fully supported, yet. Currently, the PostScript
+ renderer generates PostScript Level 3 with most DSC comments. Actually,
+ the only Level 3 features used are the FlateDecode and DCTDecode
+ filter (the latter is used for 1:1 embedding of JPEG images), everything
+ else is Level 2.
+ </p>
+ <section id="ps-configuration">
+ <title>Configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ The PostScript renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/postscript">
+ <auto-rotate-landscape>false</auto-rotate-landscape>
+ <language-level>3</language-level>
+ <optimize-resources>false</optimize-resources>
+ <safe-set-page-device>false</safe-set-page-device>
+ <dsc-compliant>true</dsc-compliant>
+ <rendering>quality</rendering>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "auto-rotate-landscape" setting is "false". Setting it
+ to "true" will automatically rotate landscape pages and will mark them as landscape.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "language-level" setting is "3". This setting specifies
+ the PostScript language level which should be used by FOP. Set this to "2"
+ only if you don't have a Level 3 capable interpreter.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "optimize-resources" setting is "false". Setting it
+ to "true" will produce the PostScript file in two steps. A temporary file will be
+ written first which will then be processed to add only the fonts which were really
+ used and images are added to the stream only once as PostScript forms. This will
+ reduce file size but can potentially increase the memory needed in the interpreter
+ to process.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "safe-set-page-device" setting is "false". Setting it
+ to "true" will cause the renderer to invoke a postscript macro which guards against
+ the possibility of invalid/unsupported postscript key/values being issued to the
+ implementing postscript page device.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "dsc-compliant" setting is "true". Setting it
+ to "false" will break DSC compliance by minimizing the number of setpagedevice
+ calls in the postscript document output. This feature may be useful when unwanted
+ blank pages are experienced in your postscript output. This problem is caused by
+ the particular postscript implementation issuing unwanted postscript subsystem
+ initgraphics/erasepage calls on each setpagedevice call.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "rendering" setting is "quality". Setting it to "size"
+ optimizes rendering for smaller file sizes which can involve minor compromises in
+ rendering quality. For example, solid borders are then painted as plain rectangles
+ instead of the elaborate painting instructions required for mixed-color borders.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ps-limitations">
+ <title>Limitations</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Images and SVG may not be displayed correctly. SVG support is far from being complete. No image transparency is available.</li>
+ <li>Only Type 1 fonts are supported.</li>
+ <li>Multibyte characters are not supported.</li>
+ <li>PPD support is still missing.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+</section>
+ <section id="pcl">
+ <title>PCL</title>
+ <p>
+ This format is for the Hewlett-Packard PCL printers and other printers
+ supporting PCL. It should produce output as close to identical as possible
+ to the printed output of the PDFRenderer within the limitations of the
+ renderer, and output device.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The output created by the PCLRenderer is generic PCL 5, HP GL/2 and PJL.
+ This should allow any device fully supporting PCL 5 to be able to
+ print the output generated by the PCLRenderer. PJL is used to control the
+ print job and switch to the PCL language. PCL 5 is used for text, raster
+ graphics and rectangular fill graphics. HP GL/2 is used for more complex
+ painting operations. Certain painting operations are done off-screen and
+ rendered to PCL as bitmaps because of limitations in PCL 5.
+ </p>
+ <section id="pcl-references">
+ <title>References</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printer_Control_Language">WikiPedia entry on PCL</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/Document.jsp?objectID=bpl04568">Technical reference documents on PCL from Hewlett-Packard</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-limitations">
+ <title>Limitations</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Text or graphics outside the left or top of the printable area are not
+ rendered properly. This is a limitation of PCL, not FOP. In general,
+ things that should print to the left of the printable area are shifted
+ to the right so that they start at the left edge of the printable area.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The Helvetica and Times fonts are not well supported among PCL printers
+ so Helvetica is mapped to Arial and Times is mapped to Times New. This
+ is done in the PCLRenderer, no changes are required in the FO's. The
+ metrics and appearance for Helvetica/Arial and Times/Times New are
+ nearly identical, so this has not been a problem so far.
+ </li>
+ <li>For the non-symbol fonts, the ISO 8859-1 symbol set is used (PCL set "0N").</li>
+ <li>
+ All fonts available to the Java2D subsystem are usable. The texts are
+ painted as bitmap much like the Windows PCL drivers do.
+ </li>
+ <li>Multibyte characters are not supported.</li>
+ <li>
+ At the moment, only monochrome output is supported. PCL5c color extensions
+ will only be implemented on demand. Color and grayscale images are converted
+ to monochrome bitmaps (1-bit). Dithering only occurs if the JAI image library
+ is available.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Images are scaled up to the next resolution level supported by PCL (75,
+ 100, 150, 200, 300, 600 dpi). For color and grayscale images an even
+ higher PCL resolution is selected to give the dithering algorithm a chance
+ to improve the bitmap quality.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Currently, there's no support for clipping and image transparency, largely
+ because PCL 5 has certain limitations.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-configuration">
+ <title>Configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ The PCL renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-pcl">
+ <rendering>quality</rendering>
+ <text-rendering>bitmap</text-rendering>
+ <disable-pjl>false</disable-pjl>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "rendering" setting is "speed" which causes borders
+ to be painted as plain rectangles. In this mode, no special borders (dotted,
+ dashed etc.) are available. If you want support for all border modes, set the
+ value to "quality" as indicated above. This will cause the borders to be painted
+ as bitmaps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "text-rendering" setting is "auto" which paints the
+ base fonts using PCL fonts. Non-base fonts are painted as bitmaps through Java2D.
+ If the mix of painting methods results in unwelcome output, you can set this
+ to "bitmap" which causes all text to be rendered as bitmaps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "disable-pjl" setting is "false". This means that
+ the PCL renderer usually generates PJL commands before and after the document
+ in order to switch a printer into PCL language. PJL commands can be disabled
+ if you set this value to "true".
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ You can control the output resolution for the PCL using the "target resolution"
+ setting on the FOUserAgent. The actual value will be rounded up to the next
+ supported PCL resolution. Currently, only 300 and 600 dpi are supported which
+ should be enough for most use cases. Note that this setting directly affects
+ the size of the output file and the print quality.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-extensions">
+ <title>Extensions</title>
+ <p>The PCL Renderer supports some PCL specific extensions which can be embedded
+ into the input FO document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must
+ be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:pcl="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/pcl">
+]]></source>
+ <section id="pcl-page-source">
+ <title>Page Source (Tray selection)</title>
+ <p>
+ The page-source extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
+ select the paper tray the sheet for a particular simple-page-master is
+ to be taken from. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:paper-source="2">
+ ...
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Note: the tray number is a positive integer and the value depends on
+ the target printer. Not all PCL printers support the same paper trays.
+ Usually,
+ "1" is the default tray,
+ "2" is the manual paper feed,
+ "3" is the manual envelope feed,
+ "4" is the "lower" tray and
+ "7" is "auto-select".
+ Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-output-bin">
+ <title>Output Bin</title>
+ <p>
+ The <code>output-bin</code> extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
+ select the output bin into which the printed output should be fed. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:output-bin="2">
+ ...
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Note: the output bin number is a positive integer and the value depends on
+ the target printer. Not all PCL printers support the same output bins.
+ Usually,
+ "1" is the upper output bin,
+ "2" is the lower (rear) output bin.
+ Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pcl-duplex-mode">
+ <title>Page Duplex Mode</title>
+ <p>
+ The duplex-mode extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
+ select the duplex mode to be used for a particular simple-page-master.
+ Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:duplex-mode="0">
+ ...
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Note: the duplex is a positive integer and the value depends on
+ the target printer. Not all PCL printers support duplexing.
+ Usually,
+ "0" is simplex,
+ "1" is duplex (long-edge binding),
+ "2" is duplex (short-edge binding).
+
+ Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp">
+ <title>AFP</title>
+ <p>
+ The FOP AFP Renderer deals with creating documents conforming to the IBM AFP document architecture
+ also refered to as MO:DCA (Mixed Object Document Content Architecture).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The mapping of XSL-FO elements to the major MO:DCA structures is as follows:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>XSL-FO element</th>
+ <th>MO:DCA-P object</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>fo:root</td>
+ <td>Document</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>fo:page-sequence</td>
+ <td>Page Group</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>fo:simple-page-master</td>
+ <td>Page</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ FOP creates exactly one Document per Printfile with an optional Resource Group at the
+ beginning. FOP does not create document indices.
+ </p>
+ <section id="afp-references">
+ <title>References</title>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Function_Presentation">AFP (Advanced Function Presentation)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AFPResources">AFP Resources on the FOP WIKI</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AFPOutput">Technical notes on AFP output in FOP</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-limitations">
+ <title>Limitations</title>
+ <p>This list is most likely badly incomplete.</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Clipping of text and graphics is not supported.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Only IBM outline and raster fonts and to a limited extend the original fonts built into FOP are supported.
+ Support for TrueType fonts may be added later.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-compatibility">
+ <title>Deployment in older environments</title>
+ <p>
+ There are still a big number of older (or limited) MO:DCA/IPDS environments in production
+ out there. AFP has grown in functionality over time and not every environment supports the
+ latest features. We're trying to make AFP output work in as many environments as possible.
+ However, to make AFP output work on older environments it is recommended to set to
+ configuration to 1 bit per pixel (see below on how to do this). In this case, all images
+ are converted to bi-level images using IOCA function set 10 (FS10) and are enclosed in
+ page-segments since some implementation cannot deal with IOCA objects directly.
+ If a higher number of bits per pixel is configured, FOP has to switch to at least FS11
+ which may not work everywhere.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-configuration">
+ <title>Configuration</title>
+ <section id="afp-font-config">
+ <title>Fonts</title>
+ <p>The AFP Renderer requires special configuration particularly related to fonts.
+ AFP Render configuration is done through the normal FOP configuration file. The MIME type
+ for the AFP Renderer is application/x-afp which means the AFP Renderer section in the FOP configuration file
+ looks like:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-afp">
+ <!-- AFP Renderer -->
+ ...
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>There are 4 font configuration variants supported:</p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>IBM Raster fonts</li>
+ <li>IBM Outline fonts</li>
+ <li>IBM CID-keyed (Type 0) fonts</li>
+ <li>FOP built-in Base14 fonts</li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>A typical raster font configuration looks like:</p>
+<source><![CDATA[ <!-- This is an example of mapping actual IBM raster fonts / code pages to a FOP font -->
+ <font>
+ <!-- The afp-font element defines the IBM code page, the matching Java encoding and the
+ base URI for the font -->
+ <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" base-uri="fonts/ibm/">
+ <!-- For a raster font a separate element for each font size is required providing
+ the font size and the corresponding IBM Character set name -->
+ <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0N20070"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0N20080"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0N20000"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="11" characterset="C0N200A0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C0N200B0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C0N200D0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="16" characterset="C0N200F0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="18" characterset="C0N200H0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C0N200J0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="24" characterset="C0N200N0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="30" characterset="C0N200T0"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="36" characterset="C0N200Z0"/>
+ </afp-font>
+ <!-- These are the usual FOP font triplets as they apply to this font -->
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Times" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Times-Roman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="TimesNewRoman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>]]></source>
+ <p>An outline font configuration is simpler as the individual font size entries are not required.
+ However, the characterset definition is now required within the afp-font element.</p>
+<source><![CDATA[ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH200 "
+ base-uri="file:/fonts/ibm" />
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ If "base-uri" is missing or a relative URI, the fonts are resolved relative to
+ the font base URI specified in the configuration (or on the FopFactory).
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ Previously, the location of the font files was given by the "path" attribute. This is still
+ supported for the time being, but you should move to using the more flexible "base-uri"
+ attribute so you can profit from the power of URI resolvers.
+ </note>
+ <p>A CID-keyed font (Type 0, double-byte outline font) configuration is much the same as an outline font.
+ However, the characterset definition is now required within the afp-font element.</p>
+<source><![CDATA[ <font>
+ <afp-font type="CIDKeyed" characterset="CZJHMNU"
+ codepage="T1120000" encoding="UnicodeBigUnmarked"
+ base-uri="file:/fonts/ibm" />
+ <font-triplet name="J-Heisei Mincho" style="normal" weight="normal" />
+ </font>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+Note that the value of the encoding attribute in the example is the double-byte encoding 'UnicodeBigUnmarked' (UTF-16BE).
+ </p>
+ <p>Experimentation has shown that the font metrics for the FOP built-in Base14 fonts are actually
+ very similar to some of the IBM outline and raster fonts. In cases were the IBM font files are not
+ available the base-uri attribute in the afp-font element can be replaced by a base14-font attribute
+ giving the name of the matching Base14 font. In this case the AFP Renderer will take the
+ font metrics from the built-in font.</p>
+<source><![CDATA[ <!-- The following are examples of defining outline fonts based on FOP built-in
+ font metrics for the Adobe Base14 fonts -->
+ <!-- sans-serif fonts based on Helvetica -->
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH200 "
+ base14-font="Helvetica" />
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH300 "
+ base14-font="HelveticaOblique" />
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="any" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH400 "
+ base14-font="HelveticaBold" />
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH500 "
+ base14-font="HelveticaBoldOblique" />
+ <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="any" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>
+
+ <!-- serif fonts based on Times Roman -->
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZN200 "
+ base14-font="TimesRoman" />
+ <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Times" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Times-Roman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+
+ <!-- The following are examples of defining raster fonts based on FOP built-in
+ font metrics for the Adobe Base14 fonts -->
+ <!-- monospaced fonts based on Courier -->
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500">
+ <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0420070" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0420080" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0420000" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C04200B0" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C04200D0" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C04200J0" base14-font="Courier"/>
+ </afp-font>
+ <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Courier" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
+ </font>
+ <font>
+ <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500">
+ <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0440070" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0440080" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0440000" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C04400B0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C04400D0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C04400J0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
+ </afp-font>
+ <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ <font-triplet name="Courier" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
+ </font>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ By default, all manually configured fonts are embedded, unless they are matched in the
+ <a href="fonts.html#embedding"><code>referenced-fonts</code> section of the configuration file</a>.
+ However, the default fonts shown above will not be embedded.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For double byte EBCDIC encoded character sets, there is an optional tag that must be set to prevent
+ characters from being miscoded. This defaults to "false" if not specified.</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <afp-font type="CIDKeyed" codepage="T10835 " encoding="Cp937" characterset="CZTKAI" ebcdic-dbcs="true"/>]]>
+ </source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-renderer-resolution-config">
+ <title>Output Resolution</title>
+ <p>By default the AFP Renderer creates output with a resolution of 240 dpi.
+ This can be overridden by the <renderer-resolution/> configuration element. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <renderer-resolution>240</renderer-resolution>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-line-width-correction-config">
+ <title>Line Width Correction</title>
+ <p>The default line width in AFP is device dependent. This means that a line width specified in, say,
+ a SVG source file may not render the way it was intended. The output AFP line with can be corrected
+ by the <line-width-correction/> configuration element. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <line-width-correction>2.5</line-width-correction>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-image-config">
+ <title>Images</title>
+ <p>By default the AFP Renderer converts all images to 8 bit grey level.
+ This can be overridden by the <images/> configuration element. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="color" />
+]]></source>
+ <p>This will put images as RGB images into the AFP output stream. The default setting is:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" native="true"/>
+]]></source>
+ <p>Only the values "color" and "b+w" are allowed for the mode attribute.</p>
+ <p>The bits-per-pixel attribute is ignored if mode is "color". For "b+w" mode is must be 1, 4, or 8.</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images native="true"/>
+]]></source>
+ <p>When the native attribute is specified and set to "true", all image resources will be natively injected
+ into the datastream using an object container rather than being converted into an IOCA FS45 image.
+ Support for native image formats (e.g. JPEG, TIFF, GIF) is not always available on printer implementations
+ so by default this configuration option is set to "false".</p>
+ <p>
+ Setting <code>cmyk="true"</code> on the <code>images</code> element will enable CMYK
+ colors. This will only have an effect if the color mode is set to "color". Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="color" cmyk="true"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ When the color mode is set to 1 bit (bi-level), the "dithering-quality" attribute can
+ be used to select the level of quality to use when converting images to bi-level images.
+ Valid values for this attribute are floating point numbers from 0.0 (fastest) to
+ 1.0 (best), or special values: "minimum" (=0.0), "maximum" (1.0),
+ "medium" (0.5, the default). For the higher settings to work as expected, JAI needs to
+ be present in the classpath. If JAI is present, 0.0 results in a minimal darkness-level
+ switching between white and black. 0.5 does bayer-based dithering and 1.0 will use
+ error-diffusion dithering. The higher the value, the higher the quality and the slower
+ the processing of the images.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="1" dithering-quality="maximum"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ When the boolean attribute pseg (default false) is set to true, non-inline FS11 and FS45 IOCA images are wrapped in page segment.
+ This option is provided to support printers/print servers that require this MO:DCA structure.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" pseg="true"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Setting the boolean attribute fs45 to true (default false) will force all images to FS45.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" fs45="true"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ By default, JPEG images are rasterized to a bitmap and the bitmap is included in the AFP doc.
+ However it is possible to encode in a lossless way to maintain maximum quality. But due
+ to lack of support for compression schemes like LZW (patent concerns), bitmap data is currently
+ not compressed resulting in large AFP files. Using the "allow-embedding" attribute on jpeg child
+ element allows the user to pass the JPEG as is in the document. The default is set to "false" since
+ there are compatibility concerns as some AFP printers don't support JPEG decoding. Using the
+ "bitmap-encoding-quality" attribute it is possible to enable lossy compression (JPEG baseline
+ DCT). The default is "1.0" which means lossless encoding. Setting a value lower than 1.0, JPEG
+ compression is enabled and the setting is used as the quality setting when encoding bitmap data.
+ Note that this setting does not always have an effect. Bi-level (1 bit) bitmaps are not compressed
+ using JPEG. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <images mode="color" cmyk="true">
+ <jpeg allow-embedding="false" bitmap-encoding-quality="0.8"/>
+ </images>]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-goca-config">
+ <title>GOCA (Vector Graphics)</title>
+ <p>
+ Not all AFP implementations support GOCA. Some also have bugs related to GOCA. Therefore,
+ it is desirable to have some control over the generation of GOCA graphics.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ GOCA is enabled by default. You can disable GOCA entirely in which case the AFP support
+ falls back to generating bitmaps for vector graphics. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <goca enabled="false"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ Some AFP implementations have trouble rendering text in GOCA. You can instruct the AFP
+ support to render text as shapes (i.e. use vector graphics to paint text). Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <goca enabled="true" text="shapes"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ If you disable GOCA or let text render as shapes, the size of the generated AFP usually
+ increases considerably.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-shading-config">
+ <title>Shading</title>
+ <p>
+ By default, filled rectangles are painted using their given color using a PTOCA I-axis rule
+ (DIR). But not all environments handle these colors correctly. That's why a setting is
+ supported that paints the rectangles using an ordered dither pattern (bi-level) with
+ an inline IOCA FS10 image that is used together with the "replicate and trim" mapping.
+ The optional "shading" element can be used to control the shading mode. Its default value
+ is "color". To enable the dithered mode, use "dithered". Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <shading>dithered</shading>
+]]></source>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-resource-group-file">
+ <title>Resource Group File</title>
+ <p>By default the AFP Renderer will place all data resource objects such as images within
+ the document of the main output datastream. An external resource group file where document resources
+ may be specified with the <resource-group-file/> configuration element. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <resource-group-file>external_resources.afp</resource-group-file>
+]]></source>
+ <note>Be careful when using this option not to overwrite existing resource files from previous rendering runs.</note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-resource-level-defaults">
+ <title>Resource Level Defaults</title>
+ <p>
+ By default, bitmap image objects (or page segments derived from them) are put in the
+ print-file-level resource group and GOCA graphics are inlined for compatibility with
+ the AFP Workbench tool.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ It is possible to override these defaults, either per image (see the
+ <link href="#afp-foreign-attributes-resource">afp:resource-level</link>
+ extension attribute below) or by specifying different defaults in the configuration:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<default-resource-levels goca="print-file" bitmap="inline"/>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ "goca" refers to GOCA graphics and "bitmap" refers to IOCA images. The possible values
+ for the attributes are "inline" and "print-file". In the future,
+ additional possibilities may be added.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-extensions">
+ <title>Extensions</title>
+ <p>The AFP Renderer supports some AFP specific extensions which can be embedded into the input
+ fo document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+]]></source>
+ <section id="afp-page-overlay">
+ <title>Page Overlay (IPO) Extension</title>
+ <p>The include-page-overlay extension element allows to define on a per simple-page-master basis a page overlay resource. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
+ <afp:include-page-overlay name="O1SAMP1 " x="20mm" y="30mm" />
+ ...
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>The mandatory name attribute must refer to an 8 character (space padded) resource name that
+ must be known in the AFP processing environment. Optional x and y attributes can be specified
+ to place the Overlay at an offset from the top left of the page.</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-page-segment">
+ <title>Page Segment (IPS) Extension</title>
+ <p>The include-page-segment extension element allows to define resource substitution for fo:external-graphics elements.
+ Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
+ <afp:include-page-segment name="S1ISLOGO" src="../../resources/images/bgimg300dpi.jpg" />
+ <fo:region-body/>
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>The include-page-segment extension element can only occur within a simple-page-master.
+ Multiple include-page-segment extension elements within a simple-page-master are allowed.
+ The mandatory name attribute must refer to an 8 character
+ (space padded) resource name that must be known in the AFP processing environment.
+ The value of the mandatory src attribute is compared against the value of the src attribute in
+ fo:external-graphic elements and if it is identical (string matching is used) in the generated
+ AFP the external graphic is replaced by a reference to the given resource.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The effect here is that whenever FOP encounters the URI specified in the extension,
+ it will effectively generate code to include the page segment with the given name
+ instead of embedding the image referenced by the URI. The URI is still required as
+ the underlying image serves as a provider for the intrinsic size of the image
+ (At the moment, FOP is unable to extract the intrinsic size of the page segment from
+ an AFP resource file). For the image to appear in an AFP viewer or to be printed, the
+ AFP resource must be available on the target device. FOP does not embed the page
+ segment in the generated file. Please also note that page segments cannot be scaled.
+ They are always rendered in their intrinsic size.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The include-page-segment extension element has the optional attribute
+ <i>resource-file</i>. The value of this is a URI to a resource containing a page
+ segment with the declared name. In this case FOP embeds the page segment into the
+ generated document so that the external resource does not have to be supplied in the
+ print job.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-tag-logical-element">
+ <title>Tag Logical Element (TLE) Extension</title>
+ <p>The tag-logical-element extension element allows to injects TLEs into the AFP output stream. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
+ <afp:tag-logical-element name="The TLE Name" value="The TLE Value" />
+ <fo:region-body/>
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+ [..]
+ <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simple">
+ <afp:tag-logical-element name="foo" value="bar"/>
+ <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
+ [..]
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The tag-logical-element extension element can appear within a simple-page-master
+ (page level) or it can appear as child of page-sequence (page group level).
+ Multiple tag-logical-element extension elements within a simple-page-master or
+ page-sequence are allowed. The name and value attributes are mandatory.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-no-operation">
+ <title>No Operation (NOP) Extension</title>
+ <p>The no-operation extension provides the ability to carry up to 32K of comments or any other type
+ of unarchitected data into the AFP output stream. Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ <fo:layout-master-set>
+ <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
+ <afp:no-operation name="My NOP">insert up to 32k of character data here!</afp:no-operation>
+ </fo:simple-page-master>
+ </fo:layout-master-set>
+]]></source>
+ <p>The no-operation extension element can appear as child of
+ <code>simple-page-master</code> (appears after "Begin Page" BPG),
+ <code>page-sequence</code> (appears after "Begin Named Page Group" BNG
+ and <code>declarations</code> (appears after "Begin Document" BDT).
+ Multiple no-operation extension elements inside the same formatting object are allowed.
+ Each NOP will appear right after the respective "Begin" field indicated above even if it
+ is specified as the last child under its parent. The order inside the parent
+ will be maintained.
+ The "placement" attribute can be used to have the NOP appear before
+ the "End" field of the object rather than after the "Begin" field. Specify
+ <code>placement="before-end"</code> to do that. Please note that, at the moment, this only
+ has an effect for NOPs that are children of the <code>page-sequence</code> formatting
+ object.
+ The "name" attribute is mandatory but will not appear inside the AFP stream.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-invoke-medium-map">
+ <title>Invoke Medium Map (IMM) Extension</title>
+ <p>
+ The invoke-medium-map extension allows to generate IMM fields (Invoke Medium Map) in the
+ generated AFP output. Example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ [..]
+ <fo:page-sequence master-reference="normal">
+ <afp:invoke-medium-map name="MYMAP"/>
+ <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
+ [..]
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The invoke-medium-map element is allowed as child of fo:page-sequence (page group
+ level) or fo:simple-page-master. It is NOT supported on document level (fo:root), yet.
+ FOP also doesn't support specifying medium maps inside XML (using BMM/EMM). It can
+ only reference an existing medium map by name. The medium map has to be constructed
+ through different means and available on the target platform.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-form-maps">
+ <title>Form Maps/Defs</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP supports embedding an external form map resource in the
+ generated AFP output. This is done using the <code>afp:include-form-map</code>
+ extension. An example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ [..]
+ <fo:declarations>
+ <afp:include-form-map name="F1SAMP1" src="file:f1samp1.fde"/>
+ </fo:declarations>
+]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The <code>afp:include-form-map</code> is to be placed as a direct child of
+ <code>fo:declarations</code>. The <code>name</code> is an AFP resource name
+ (max. 8 characters) and the <code>src</code> attribute is the URI identifying the
+ external form map resource. When such a form map is embedded, you can use the
+ <code>afp:invoke-medium-map</code> extension (described above) to invoke any medium
+ map included in the form map.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ Apache FOP doesn't support a way to define a form map or medium map using XML means
+ inside an XSL-FO document. You will have to build the form map with some third-party
+ tool.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="afp-foreign-attributes">
+ <title>Foreign Attributes</title>
+ <section id="afp-foreign-attributes-resource">
+ <title>Resource</title>
+ <p>The resource foreign attributes provides the ability to name and control where data object resources
+ (e.g. images/scalable vector graphics) will reside in the AFP output.
+ The afp foreign attributes are only used in conjuntion with <fo:external-graphic/> and <instream-foreign-object/>.
+ Example:</p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
+ xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
+ ...
+ <fo:block>
+ <fo:external-graphic width="2.0cm" content-width="2.0cm" height="1.8cm" content-height="1.8cm"
+ src="examples/fo/graphics/xml_feather.gif"
+ afp:resource-name="feather" afp:resource-level="external" afp:resource-group-file="resources.afp"/>
+ </fo:block>
+ <fo:block>
+ <fo:instream-foreign-object height="758.047pt" content-height="758.047pt" width="576.96pt" content-width="576.96pt"
+ afp:resource-name"circles" afp:resource-level="inline">
+ <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12cm" height="12cm">
+ <g style="fill-opacity:0.7; stroke:black; stroke-width:0.1cm;">
+ <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:red;" transform="translate(0,50)" />
+ <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:blue;" transform="translate(70,150)" />
+ <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:green;" transform="translate(-70,150)"/>
+ </g>
+ </svg>
+ </fo:instream-foreign-object>
+ </fo:block>
+]]></source>
+ <p>The resource-level attribute where the resource object will reside in the AFP output datastream.
+ The possible values for this are "inline", "print-file" and "external".
+ When "external" is used a resource-group-file attribute must also be specified.
+ Please refer to the <link href="#afp-resource-level-defaults">Resource Level Defaults</link>
+ above to see what is used if the resource-level attribute is not specified.
+ </p>
+ <p/>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+<section id="rtf">
+ <title>RTF</title>
+ <p>
+ JFOR, an open source XSL-FO to RTF converter has been integrated into Apache FOP.
+ This will create an RTF (rich text format) document that will
+ attempt to contain as much information from the XSL-FO document as
+ possible. It should be noted that is not possible (due to RTF's limitations) to map all
+ XSL-FO features to RTF. For complex documents, the RTF output will never reach the feature
+ level from PDF, for example. Thus, using RTF output is only recommended for simple documents
+ such as letters.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The RTF output follows Microsoft's RTF specifications
+ and produces best results on Microsoft Word.
+ </p>
+ <note>RTF output is currently unmaintained and lacks many features compared to other output
+ formats. Using other editable formats like Open Document Format, instead of producing XSL-FO
+ then RTF through FOP, might give better results.</note>
+ <p>
+ These are some known restrictions compared to other supported output formats (not a complete list):
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Not supported/implemented:
+ <ul>
+ <li>break-before/after (supported by the RTF library but not tied into the RTFHandler)</li>
+ <li>fo:page-number-citation-last</li>
+ <li>keeps (supported by the RTF library but not tied into the RTFHandler)</li>
+ <li>region-start/end (RTF limitation)</li>
+ <li>multiple columns</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>Only a single page-master is supported</li>
+ <li>Not all variations of fo:leader are supported (RTF limitation)</li>
+ <li>percentages are not supported everywhere</li>
+ </ul>
+</section>
+<section id="xml">
+ <title>XML (Area Tree XML)</title>
+ <p>
+ This is primarily for testing and verification. The XML created is simply
+ a representation of the internal area tree put into XML. We use that to verify
+ the functionality of FOP's layout engine.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The other use case of the Area Tree XML is as FOP's "intermediate format". More information
+ on that can be found on the page dedicated to the <a href="intermediate.html">Intermediate Format</a>.
+ </p>
+</section>
+<section id="awt">
+ <title>Java2D/AWT</title>
+ <p>
+ The Java2DRenderer provides the basic functionality for all
+ Java2D-based output formats (AWT viewer, direct print, PNG, TIFF).
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The AWT viewer shows a window with the pages displayed inside a
+ Java graphic. It displays one page at a time.
+ The fonts used for the formatting and viewing depend on the fonts
+ available to your JRE.
+ </p>
+</section>
+<section id="print">
+ <title>Print</title>
+ <p>
+ It is possible to directly print the document from the command line.
+ This is done with the same code that renders to the Java2D/AWT renderer.
+ </p>
+ <section id="print-issues">
+ <title>Known issues</title>
+ <p>
+ If you run into the problem that the printed output is incomplete on Windows:
+ this often happens to users printing to a PCL printer.
+ There seems to be an incompatibility between Java and certain PCL printer drivers
+ on Windows. Since most network-enabled laser printers support PostScript, try
+ switching to the PostScript printer driver for that printer model.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+</section>
+<section id="bitmap">
+ <title>Bitmap (TIFF/PNG)</title>
+ <p>
+ It is possible to directly create bitmap images from the individual
+ pages generated by the layout engine.
+ This is done with the same code that renders to the Java2D/AWT renderer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Currently, two output formats are supported: PNG and TIFF. TIFF produces
+ one file with multiple pages, while PNG output produces one file per
+ page. Note: FOP can only produce multiple files (with PNG output) if
+ you can set a <code>java.io.File</code> indicating the primary PNG file
+ using the <code>FOUserAgent.setOutputFile(File)</code> method.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The quality of the bitmap depends on the target resolution setting
+ on the FOUserAgent and on further settings described below.
+ </p>
+ <section id="bitmap-configuration">
+ <title>Configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ The TIFF and PNG renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="image/png">
+ <color-mode>rgba</color-mode>
+ <transparent-page-background>true</transparent-page-background>
+ <background-color>white</background-color>
+ <anti-aliasing>true</anti-aliasing>
+ <rendering>quality</rendering>
+ <fonts><!-- described elsewhere --></fonts>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the <code>"color-mode"</code> setting is <code>"rgba"</code> which
+ is equivalent to a 24bit RGB image with an 8bit alpha channel for transparency.
+ Valid values are:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>rgba</code>: RGB with alpha channel (24bit + 8bit = 32bit)</li>
+ <li><code>rgb</code>: RGB (24bit)</li>
+ <li><code>gray</code>: gray (8bit)</li>
+ <li><code>bi-level</code> (or <code>binary</code>): bi-level (1bit)</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ Please note that there is currently no dithering or error diffusion available for bi-level
+ bitmap output.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the <code>"transparent-page-background"</code> setting is
+ <code>"false"</code> which paints an opaque, white background for the whole image.
+ If you set this to <code>"true"</code>,
+ no such background will be painted and you will get a transparent image if
+ an alpha channel is available in the output format.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the <code>"background-color"</code> setting is <code>"white"</code>.
+ The color specifies in which color the page background is painted. It will only be
+ painted if <code>"transparent-page-background"</code> is not set to <code>"true"</code>.
+ All XSL-FO colors (including color functions) can be used.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the <code>"anti-aliasing"</code> setting is <code>"true"</code>.
+ You can set this value to <code>"false"</code> to disable anti-aliasing and
+ thus improve rendering speeds a bit at the loss of some image quality.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the <code>"rendering"</code> setting is <code>"true"</code>.
+ You can set this value to <code>"false"</code> to improve rendering speeds a bit
+ at the loss of some image quality. If this setting has an actual effect depends
+ on the JVM's Java2D backend.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="tiff-configuration">
+ <title>TIFF-specific Configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ In addition to the above values the TIFF renderer configuration allows some additional
+ settings:
+ </p>
+<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="image/tiff">
+ <transparent-page-background>true</transparent-page-background>
+ <compression>CCITT T.6</compression>
+ <fonts><!-- described elsewhere --></fonts>
+</renderer>]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The default value for the "compression" setting is "PackBits" which
+ which is a widely supported RLE compression scheme for TIFF. The set of compression
+ names to be used here matches the set that the Image I/O API uses. Note that
+ not all compression schemes may be available during runtime. This depends on the
+ actual codecs being available. Here is a list of possible values:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>NONE</code> (no compression)</li>
+ <li><code>PackBits</code> (RLE, run-length encoding)</li>
+ <li><code>JPEG</code></li>
+ <li><code>Deflate</code></li>
+ <li><code>LZW</code></li>
+ <li><code>ZLib</code></li>
+ <li><code>CCITT T.4</code> (Fax Group 3)</li>
+ <li><code>CCITT T.6</code> (Fax Group 4)</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ This setting may override any setting made using the <code>"color-mode"</code>. For example, if
+ <code>"CCITT T.6"</code> is selected, the color mode is automatically forced to <code>"bi-level"</code> because
+ this compression format only supports bi-level images.
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ If you want to use CCITT compression, please make sure you've got
+ <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/current.html">
+ Java Advanced Imaging Image I/O Tools
+ </a>
+ in your classpath. The Sun JRE doesn't come with a TIFF codec built in, so it has to be
+ added separately. The internal TIFF codec from XML Graphics Commons only supports PackBits,
+ Deflate and JPEG compression for writing.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="bitmap-rendering-options">
+ <title>Runtime Rendering Options</title>
+ <p>
+ The IF-based bitmap output implementations support a rendering option with the key
+ "target-bitmap-size" (value: java.awt.Dimension) that allows to force the pages to
+ be proportionally fit into a bitmap of a given size. This can be used to produce
+ thumbnails or little preview images of the individual pages. An example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[userAgent.getRenderingOptions().put(
+ "target-bitmap-size", new Dimension(320, 200));]]></source>
+ </section>
+</section>
+<section id="txt">
+ <title>TXT</title>
+ <p>
+ The text renderer produces plain ASCII text output
+ that attempts to match the output of the PDFRenderer as closely as
+ possible. This was originally developed to accommodate an archive system
+ that could only accept plain text files, and is primarily useful for getting
+ a quick-and-dirty view of the document text. The renderer is very limited,
+ so do not be surprised if it gives unsatisfactory results.
+ </p>
+ <!-- OBSOLETE OBSOLETE OBSOLETE
+ <p>
+ The Text renderer works with a fixed size page buffer. The size of this
+ buffer is controlled with the textCPI and textLPI public variables.
+ The textCPI is the effective horizontal characters per inch to use.
+ The textLPI is the vertical lines per inch to use. From these values
+ and the page width and height the size of the buffer is calculated.
+ The formatting objects to be rendered are then mapped to this grid.
+ Graphic elements (lines, borders, etc) are assigned a lower priority
+ than text, so text will overwrite any graphic element representations.
+ </p>
+ -->
+ <p>
+ Because FOP lays the text onto a grid during layout, there are frequently
+ extra or missing spaces between characters and lines, which is generally
+ unsatisfactory.
+ Users have reported that the optimal settings to avoid such spacing problems are:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>font-family="Courier"</li>
+ <li>font-size="10pt"</li>
+ <li>line-height="10pt"</li>
+ </ul>
+</section>
+<section id="sandbox">
+ <title>Output Formats in the Sandbox</title>
+ <p>
+ Due to the state of certain renderers we moved some of them to a "sandbox" area until
+ they are ready for more serious use. The renderers and FOEventHandlers in the sandbox
+ can be found under src/sandbox and are compiled into build/fop-sandbox.jar during the
+ main build. The output formats in the sandbox are marked as such below.
+ </p>
+ <section id="mif">
+ <title>MIF</title>
+ <warning>The MIF handler is in the sandbox and not yet functional in FOP Trunk!!! Please help us ressurrect this feature.</warning>
+ <p>
+ This format is the Maker Interchange Format which is used by
+ Adobe Framemaker.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="svg">
+ <title>SVG</title>
+ <warning>The SVG renderer is in the sandbox and may not work as expected in FOP Trunk!!! Please help us improve this feature.</warning>
+ <p>
+ This format creates an SVG document that has links between the pages.
+ This is primarily for slides and creating svg images of pages.
+ Large documents will create SVG files that are far too large for
+ an SVG viewer to handle. Since FO documents usually have text the
+ SVG document will have a large number of text elements.
+ The font information for the text is obtained from the JVM in the
+ same way as for the AWT viewer. If the SVG is viewed on a
+ system where the fonts are different, such as another platform,
+ then the page may look wrong.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+</section>
+<section id="wishlist">
+ <title>Wish list</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache FOP is easily extensible and allows you to add new output formats to enhance FOP's functionality. There's a number of output formats
+ which are on our wish list. We're looking for volunteers to help us implement them.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument">ODF (Open Document Format)</a>:
+ The standardized successor to OpenOffice's file format.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+</section>
+
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF/A (ISO 19005)</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ <authors>
+ <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
+ </authors>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ PDF/A is a standard which turns PDF into an "electronic document file
+ format for long-term preservation". PDF/A-1 is the first part of the
+ standard and is documented in
+ <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=38920&ICS1=37&ICS2=100&ICS3=99">ISO 19005-1:2005(E)</a>.
+ Work on PDF/A-2 is in progress at
+ <a href="http://www.aiim.org/standards.asp?ID=25013">AIIM</a>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Design documentation on PDF/A can be found on FOP's Wiki on the
+ <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/PDFA1ConformanceNotes">PDFA1ConformanceNotes</a> page.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="status">
+ <title>Implementation Status</title>
+ <p>
+ <strong>PDF/A-1b</strong> is implemented to the degree that FOP supports
+ the creation of the elements described in ISO 19005-1.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Tests have been performed against jHove and Adobe Acrobat 7.0.7 (Preflight function).
+ FOP does not validate completely against Apago's PDF Appraiser. Reasons unknown due to
+ lack of a full license to get a detailed error protocol.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <strong>PDF/A-1a</strong> is based on PDF-A-1b and adds accessibility features
+ (such as Tagged PDF). This format is available within the limitation described on
+ the <a href="accessibility.html">Accessibility page</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="command-line">
+ <title>Usage (command line)</title>
+ <p>
+ To activate PDF/A-1b from the command-line, specify "-pdfprofile PDF/A-1b"
+ as a parameter. If there is a violation of one of the validation rules for
+ PDF/A, an error message is presented and the processing stops.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ PDF/A-1a is enabled by specifying "-pdfprofile PDF/A-1a".
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="embedded">
+ <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
+ <p>
+ When FOP is embedded in another Java application you can set a special option
+ on the renderer options in the user agent to activate the PDF/A-1b profile.
+ Here's an example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+userAgent.getRendererOptions().put("pdf-a-mode", "PDF/A-1b");
+Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
+[..]]]></source>
+ <p>
+ If one of the validation rules of PDF/A is violated, an PDFConformanceException
+ (descendant of RuntimeException) is thrown.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For PDF/A-1a, just use the string "PDF/A-1a" instead of "PDF/A-1b".
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="rules">
+ <title>PDF/A in Action</title>
+ <p>
+ There are a number of things that must be looked after if you activate a PDF/A
+ profile. If you receive a PDFConformanceException, have a look at the following
+ list (not necessarily comprehensive):
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Make sure all (!) fonts are embedded. If you use base 14 fonts (like Helvetica)
+ you need to obtain a license for them and embed them like any other font.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use PDF encryption. PDF/A doesn't allow it.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use CMYK images without an ICC color profile. PDF/A doesn't allow mixing
+ color spaces and FOP currently only properly supports the sRGB color space. Please
+ note that FOP embeds a standard sRGB ICC profile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) as the
+ primary output intent for the PDF if no other output intent has been specified
+ in the configuration.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use non-RGB colors in SVG images. Same issue as with CMYK images.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use EPS graphics with fo:external-graphic. Embedding EPS graphics in PDF
+ is deprecated since PDF 1.4 and prohibited by PDF/A.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ PDF is forced to version 1.4 if PDF/A-1 is activated.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ No filter must be specified explicitely for metadata objects. Metadata must be
+ embedded in clear text so non-PDF-aware applications can extract the XMP metadata.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <note>
+ There are additional requirements if you want to enabled PDF/A-1a (Tagged PDF). This is
+ particularly the specification of the natural language and alternative descriptions for
+ images. Please refer to the <a href="accessibility.html">Accessibility page</a> for details.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="profile-compatibility">
+ <title>PDF profile compatibility</title>
+ <p>
+ The PDF profiles "PDF/X-3:2003" and "PDF/A-1b" (or "PDF/A-1a") are compatible and can
+ both be activated at the same time.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="interoperability">
+ <title>Interoperability</title>
+ <p>
+ There has been some confusion about the namespace for the PDF/A indicator in the XMP
+ metadata. At least three variants have been seen in the wild:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id.html</td>
+ <td><strong>obsolete</strong>, from an early draft of ISO-19005-1, used by Adobe Acrobat 7.x</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id</td>
+ <td><strong>obsolete</strong>, found in the original ISO 19005-1:2005 document</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/</td>
+ <td><strong>correct</strong>, found in the technical corrigendum 1 of ISO 19005-1:2005</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ If you get an error validating a PDF/A file in Adobe Acrobat 7.x it doesn't mean that
+ FOP did something wrong. It's Acrobat that is at fault. This is fixed in Adobe Acrobat 8.x
+ which uses the correct namespace as described in the technical corrigendum 1.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF encryption.</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ <authors>
+ <person name="J.Pietschmann" email="pietsch@apache.org"/>
+ <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
+ </authors>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section>
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ Apache™ FOP supports encryption of PDF output, thanks to Patrick
+ C. Lankswert. This feature is commonly used to prevent
+ unauthorized viewing, printing, editing, copying text from the
+ document and doing annotations. It is also possible to ask the
+ user for a password in order to view the contents. Note that
+ there already exist third party applications which can decrypt
+ an encrypted PDF without effort and allow the aforementioned
+ operations, therefore the degree of protection is limited.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For further information about features and restrictions regarding PDF
+ encryption, look at the documentation coming with Adobe Acrobat or the
+ technical documentation on the Adobe web site.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Usage (command line)</title>
+ <p>
+ Encryption is enabled by supplying any of the encryption related
+ options.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ An owner password is set with the <code>-o</code> option. This
+ password is actually used as encryption key. Many tools for
+ PDF processing ask for this password to disregard any
+ restriction imposed on the PDF document.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If no owner password has been supplied but FOP was asked to apply some
+ restrictions, a random password is used. In this case it is obviously
+ impossiible to disregard restrictions in PDF processing tools.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ A user password, supplied with the <code>-u</code> option, will
+ cause the PDF display software to ask the reader for this password in
+ order to view the contents of the document. If no user password was
+ supplied, viewing the content is not restricted.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Further restrictions can be imposed by using the following command-line options:
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Option</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noprint</code></td>
+ <td>disable printing</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-nocopy</code></td>
+ <td>disable copy/paste of content</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noedit</code></td>
+ <td>disable editing in Adobe Acrobat</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noannotations</code></td>
+ <td>disable editing of annotations</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-nofillinforms</code></td>
+ <td>disable filling in forms</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noaccesscontent</code></td>
+ <td>disable text and graphics extraction for accessibility purposes</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noassembledoc</code></td>
+ <td>disable assembling documents</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>-noprinthq</code></td>
+ <td>disable high quality printing</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
+ <p>
+ When FOP is embedded in another Java application you need to set an
+ options map on the renderer. These are the supported options:
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Option</th>
+ <th>Description</th>
+ <th>Values</th>
+ <th>Default</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>encryption-length</td>
+ <td>The encryption length in bit</td>
+ <td>Any multiple of 8 between 40 and 128</td>
+ <td>40</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>ownerPassword</td>
+ <td>The owner password</td>
+ <td>String</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>userPassword</td>
+ <td>The user password</td>
+ <td>String</td>
+ <td/>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowPrint</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows printing of the PDF</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowCopyContent</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows copy/paste of content</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowEditContent</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows editing in Adobe Acrobat</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowEditAnnotations</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows editing of annotations</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowFillInForms</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows filling in forms</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowAccessContent</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows text and graphics extraction for accessibility purposes</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowAssembleDocument</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows assembling document</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>allowPrintHq</td>
+ <td>Allows/disallows high quality printing</td>
+ <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
+ <td>"TRUE"</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <note>
+ Encryption is enabled as soon as one of these options is set.
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ An example to enable PDF encryption in Java code:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+import org.apache.fop.pdf.PDFEncryptionParams;
+
+[..]
+
+FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+useragent.getRendererOptions().put("encryption-params", new PDFEncryptionParams(
+ null, "password", false, false, true, true));
+Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
+[..]]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The parameters for the constructor of PDFEncryptionParams are:
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>userPassword: String, may be null</li>
+ <li>ownerPassword: String, may be null</li>
+ <li>allowPrint: true if printing is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowCopyContent: true if copying content is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowEditContent: true if editing content is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowEditAnnotations: true if editing annotations is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowFillInForms: true if filling in forms is allowed.</li>
+ <li>allowAccessContent: true if extracting text and graphics is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowAssembleDocument: true if assembling document is allowed</li>
+ <li>allowPrintHq: true if printing to high quality is allowed</li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ Alternatively, you can set each value separately in the Map provided by
+ FOUserAgent.getRendererOptions() by using the following keys:
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>user-password: String</li>
+ <li>owner-password: String</li>
+ <li>noprint: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>nocopy: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>noedit: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>noannotations: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>nofillinforms: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>noaccesscontent: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>noassembledoc: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ <li>noprinthq: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
+ </ol>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <title>Environment</title>
+ <p>
+ In order to use PDF encryption, FOP has to be compiled with
+ cryptography support. Currently, only <a
+ href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/security/jce/JCERefGuide.html">JCE</a>
+ is supported. JCE is part of JDK 1.4. For earlier JDKs, it can
+ be installed separately. The build process automatically
+ detects JCE presence and installs PDF encryption support if
+ possible, otherwise a stub is compiled in.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Cryptography support must also be present at run time. In particular, a
+ provider for the RC4 cipher is needed. Unfortunately, the sample JCE
+ provider in Sun's JDK 1.4 does <strong>not</strong> provide RC4. If you
+ get a message saying
+ </p>
+ <source>"Cannot find any provider supporting RC4"</source>
+ <p>
+ then you don't have the needed infrastructure.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ There are several commercial and a few Open Source packages which
+ provide RC4. A pure Java implementation is produced by <a
+ href="http://www.bouncycastle.org/">The Legion of the Bouncy
+ Castle</a>. <a
+ href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/jss/">Mozilla
+ JSS</a> is an interface to a native implementation.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="install_crypto">
+ <title>Installing a crypto provider</title>
+ <p>
+ The pure Java implementation from <a
+ href="http://www.bouncycastle.org/">Bouncy Castle</a> is easy to
+ install.
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Download the binary distribution for your JDK version.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Unpack the distribution. Add the jar file to your classpath. A
+ convenient way to use the jar on Linux is to simply drop it into the
+ FOP lib directory, it will be automatically picked up by
+ <code>fop.sh</code>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Open the <code>java.security</code> file and add<br/>
+ <code>security.provider.6=org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider</code>,<br/>
+ preferably at the end of the block defining the other crypto
+ providers. For JDK 1.4 this is detailed on <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/security/jce/JCERefGuide.html#InstallProvider">Sun's web site</a>.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ If you have any experience with Mozilla JSS or any other
+ cryptography provider, please post it to the fop-user list.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation
+
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF/X (ISO 15930)</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ <authors>
+ <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
+ </authors>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <warning>
+ Support for PDF/X is available beginning with version 0.93. This feature is new and
+ may not be 100% complete, yet. Feedback is welcome.
+ </warning>
+ <p>
+ PDF/X is a standard which faciliates prepress digital data exchange using PDF.
+ Currently, only PDF/X-3:2003 is implemented out of the many different flavours of PDF/X
+ profiles. PDF/X-3:2003 is documented in
+ <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=39940&ICS1=37&ICS2=100&ICS3=99">ISO 15930-6:2003(E)</a>.
+ More info on PDF/X can be found on the
+ <a href="http://www.pdfx.info/">PDF/X info site</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="status">
+ <title>Implementation Status</title>
+ <p>
+ <strong>PDF/X-3:2003</strong> is implemented to the degree that FOP supports
+ the creation of the elements described in ISO 15930-6.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ An important restriction of the current implementation is that all normal
+ RGB colors specified in XSL-FO and SVG are left unchanged in the sRGB color
+ space (XSL-FO and SVG both use sRGB as their default color space).
+ There's no conversion to a CMYK color space. Although sRGB is a
+ calibrated color space, its color space has a different size than a CMYK
+ color space which makes the conversion a lossy conversion and can lead to
+ unwanted results. Although the use of the calibrated sRGB has been promoted
+ for years, print shops usually prefer to convert an sRGB PDF to CMYK prior
+ to production. Until there's full CMYK support in FOP you will have to
+ work closely with your print service provider to make sure you get the
+ intended result.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Tests have been performed against Adobe Acrobat 7.0.7 (Preflight function).
+ Note that there are bugs in Adobe Acrobat which cause false alarms if both
+ PDF/A-1b and PDF/X-3:2003 are activated at the same time.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="command-line">
+ <title>Usage (command line)</title>
+ <p>
+ To activate PDF/X-3:2003 from the command-line, specify "-pdfprofile PDF/X-3:2003"
+ as a parameter. If there is a violation of one of the validation rules for
+ PDF/X, an error message is presented and the processing stops.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="embedded">
+ <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
+ <p>
+ When FOP is embedded in another Java application you can set a special option
+ on the renderer options in the user agent to activate the PDF/A-1b profile.
+ Here's an example:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
+userAgent.getRendererOptions().put("pdf-x-mode", "PDF/X-3:2003");
+Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
+[..]]]></source>
+ <p>
+ If one of the validation rules of PDF/X is violated, an PDFConformanceException
+ (descendant of RuntimeException) is thrown.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="rules">
+ <title>PDF/X in Action</title>
+ <p>
+ There are a number of things that must be looked after if you activate a PDF/X
+ profile. If you receive a PDFConformanceException, have a look at the following
+ list (not necessarily comprehensive):
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Make sure all (!) fonts are embedded. If you use base 14 fonts (like Helvetica)
+ you need to obtain a license for them and embed them like any other font.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use PDF encryption. PDF/X doesn't allow it.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use CMYK images without an ICC color profile. PDF/X doesn't allow mixing
+ color spaces and FOP currently only properly supports the sRGB color space. However,
+ you will need to specify an
+ <a href="configuration.html#pdf-renderer">output device profile</a>
+ (usually a CMYK profile) in the configuration. sRGB won't work here since it's a
+ display device profile, not an output device profile.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use non-RGB colors in SVG images. Same issue as with CMYK images.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Don't use EPS graphics with fo:external-graphic. Embedding EPS graphics in PDF
+ is deprecated since PDF 1.4 and prohibited by PDF/X-3:2003.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ PDF is forced to version 1.4 if PDF/X-3:2003 is activated.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="profile-compatibility">
+ <title>PDF profile compatibility</title>
+ <p>
+ The PDF profiles "PDF/X-3:2003" and "PDF/A-1b" are compatible and can both be
+ activated at the same time.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Running Apache™ FOP</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+
+ <body>
+ <section id="require">
+ <title>System Requirements</title>
+ <p>The following software must be installed:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Java 1.4.x or later Runtime Environment.
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Many JREs >=1.4 contain older JAXP implementations (which often contain bugs). It's
+ usually a good idea to replace them with a current implementation.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Apache™ FOP. The <a href="../download.html">FOP distribution</a> includes all libraries that you will
+ need to run a basic FOP installation. These can be found in the [fop-root]/lib directory. These
+ libraries include the following:
+ <ul>
+ <li><a class="fork" href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">Apache XML Graphics Commons</a>, an shared library for Batik and FOP.</li>
+ <li><a class="fork" href="ext:batik">Apache Batik</a>, an SVG library.</li>
+ <li><a class="fork" href="ext:commons-logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>, a logger abstraction kit.</li>
+ <li><a class="fork" href="ext:commons-io">Apache Commons IO</a>, a library with I/O utilities.</li>
+ <li><a class="fork" href="ext:excalibur/framework">Apache Excalibur/Avalon Framework</a>, for XML configuration handling.</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>The following software is optional, depending on your needs:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Graphics libraries. Generally, FOP contains direct support for the most important
+ bitmap image formats (including PNG, JPEG and GIF). See
+ <a href="graphics.html">FOP: Graphics Formats</a> for details.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ PDF encryption. See <a href="pdfencryption.html">FOP: PDF Encryption</a> for details.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>In addition, the following system requirements apply:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ If you will be using FOP to process SVG, you must do so in a graphical environment.
+ See <a href="graphics.html#batik">FOP: Graphics (Batik)</a> for details.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="install">
+ <title>Installation</title>
+ <section id="install-instruct">
+ <title>Instructions</title>
+ <p>
+ Basic FOP installation consists of first unzipping the <code>.gz</code> file that is the
+ distribution medium, then unarchiving the resulting <code>.tar</code> file in a
+ directory/folder that is convenient on your system. Please consult your operating system
+ documentation or Zip application software documentation for instructions specific to your
+ site.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="install-problems">
+ <title>Problems</title>
+ <p>
+ Some Mac OSX users have experienced filename truncation problems using Stuffit to unzip
+ and unarchive their distribution media. This is a legacy of older Mac operating systems,
+ which had a 31-character pathname limit. Several Mac OSX users have recommended that
+ Mac OSX users use the shell command <code>tar -xzf</code> instead.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="standalone-start">
+ <title>Starting FOP as a Standalone Application</title>
+ <section id="fop-script">
+ <title>Using the fop script or batch file</title>
+ <p>
+ The usual and recommended practice for starting FOP from the command line is to run the
+ batch file fop.bat (Windows) or the shell script fop (Unix/Linux).
+ These scripts require that the environment variable JAVA_HOME be
+ set to a path pointing to the appropriate Java installation on your system. Macintosh OSX
+ includes a Java environment as part of its distribution. We are told by Mac OSX users that
+ the path to use in this case is <code>/Library/Java/Home</code>. <strong>Caveat:</strong>
+ We suspect that, as Apple releases new Java environments and as FOP upgrades the minimum
+ Java requirements, the two will inevitably not match on some systems. Please see
+ <a href="http://developer.apple.com/java/faq">Java on Mac OSX FAQ</a> for information as
+ it becomes available.
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+USAGE
+Fop [options] [-fo|-xml] infile [-xsl file] [-awt|-pdf|-mif|-rtf|-tiff|-png|-pcl|-ps|-txt|-at [mime]|-print] <outfile>
+ [OPTIONS]
+ -version print FOP version and exit
+ -d debug mode
+ -x dump configuration settings
+ -q quiet mode
+ -c cfg.xml use additional configuration file cfg.xml
+ -l lang the language to use for user information
+ -nocs disable complex script features
+ -r relaxed/less strict validation (where available)
+ -dpi xxx target resolution in dots per inch (dpi) where xxx is a number
+ -s for area tree XML, down to block areas only
+ -v run in verbose mode (currently simply print FOP version and continue)
+
+ -o [password] PDF file will be encrypted with option owner password
+ -u [password] PDF file will be encrypted with option user password
+ -noprint PDF file will be encrypted without printing permission
+ -nocopy PDF file will be encrypted without copy content permission
+ -noedit PDF file will be encrypted without edit content permission
+ -noannotations PDF file will be encrypted without edit annotation permission
+ -nofillinforms PDF file will be encrypted without fill in forms permission
+ -noaccesscontent PDF file will be encrypted without extract text and graphics permission
+ -noassembledoc PDF file will be encrypted without assemble the document permission
+ -noprinthq PDF file will be encrypted without print high quality permission
+ -a enables accessibility features (Tagged PDF etc., default off)
+ -pdfprofile prof PDF file will be generated with the specified profile
+ (Examples for prof: PDF/A-1b or PDF/X-3:2003)
+
+ -conserve enable memory-conservation policy (trades memory-consumption for disk I/O)
+ (Note: currently only influences whether the area tree is serialized.)
+
+ -cache specifies a file/directory path location
+ -flush flushes the current font cache file
+
+ [INPUT]
+ infile xsl:fo input file (the same as the next)
+ (use '-' for infile to pipe input from stdin)
+ -fo infile xsl:fo input file
+ -xml infile xml input file, must be used together with -xsl
+ -atin infile area tree input file
+ -ifin infile intermediate format input file
+ -imagein infile image input file (piping through stdin not supported)
+ -xsl stylesheet xslt stylesheet
+
+ -param name value <value> to use for parameter <name> in xslt stylesheet
+ (repeat '-param name value' for each parameter)
+
+ -catalog use catalog resolver for input XML and XSLT files
+ [OUTPUT]
+ outfile input will be rendered as PDF into outfile
+ (use '-' for outfile to pipe output to stdout)
+ -pdf outfile input will be rendered as PDF (outfile req'd)
+ -pdfa1b outfile input will be rendered as PDF/A-1b compliant PDF
+ (outfile req'd, same as "-pdf outfile -pdfprofile PDF/A-1b")
+ -awt input will be displayed on screen
+ -rtf outfile input will be rendered as RTF (outfile req'd)
+ -pcl outfile input will be rendered as PCL (outfile req'd)
+ -ps outfile input will be rendered as PostScript (outfile req'd)
+ -afp outfile input will be rendered as AFP (outfile req'd)
+ -tiff outfile input will be rendered as TIFF (outfile req'd)
+ -png outfile input will be rendered as PNG (outfile req'd)
+ -txt outfile input will be rendered as plain text (outfile req'd)
+ -at [mime] out representation of area tree as XML (outfile req'd)
+ specify optional mime output to allow the AT to be converted
+ to final format later
+ -if [mime] out representation of document in intermediate format XML (outfile req'd)
+ specify optional mime output to allow the IF to be converted
+ to final format later
+ -print input file will be rendered and sent to the printer
+ see options with "-print help"
+ -out mime outfile input will be rendered using the given MIME type
+ (outfile req'd) Example: "-out application/pdf D:\out.pdf"
+ (Tip: "-out list" prints the list of supported MIME types)
+ -svg outfile input will be rendered as an SVG slides file (outfile req'd)
+ Experimental feature - requires additional fop-sandbox.jar.
+
+ -foout outfile input will only be XSL transformed. The intermediate
+ XSL-FO file is saved and no rendering is performed.
+ (Only available if you use -xml and -xsl parameters)
+
+
+ [Examples]
+ fop foo.fo foo.pdf
+ fop -fo foo.fo -pdf foo.pdf (does the same as the previous line)
+ fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -pdf foo.pdf
+ fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -foout foo.fo
+ fop -xml - -xsl foo.xsl -pdf -
+ fop foo.fo -mif foo.mif
+ fop foo.fo -rtf foo.rtf
+ fop foo.fo -print
+ fop foo.fo -awt]]></source>
+ <p>
+ PDF encryption is only available if FOP was compiled with encryption support
+ <strong>and</strong> if compatible encryption support is available at run time.
+ Currently, only the JCE is supported. Check the <a href="pdfencryption.html">Details</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="your-own-script">
+ <title>Writing your own script</title>
+ <p>FOP's entry point for your own scripts is the class
+<code>org.apache.fop.cli.Main</code>. The general pattern for the
+ command line is: <code>java -classpath <CLASSPATH>
+ org.apache.fop.cli.Main <arguments></code>. The arguments
+ consist of the options and infile and outfile specifications
+ as shown above for the standard scripts. You may wish to review
+ the standard scripts to make sure that
+ you get your environment properly configured.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="jar-option">
+ <title>Running with java's <code>-jar</code> option</title>
+ <p>
+ As an alternative to the start scripts you can run <code>java
+ -jar path/to/build/fop.jar <arguments></code>, relying on
+ FOP to build the classpath for running FOP dynamically, see <a
+ href="#dynamical-classpath">below</a>. If you use hyphenation,
+ you must put <code>fop-hyph.jar</code> in the <code>lib</code>
+ directory.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>You can also run <code>java -jar path/to/fop.jar
+ <arguments></code>, relying on the <code>Class-Path</code>
+ entry in the manifest file. This works if you put
+ <code>fop.jar</code> and all jar files from the <code>lib</code>
+ directory in a single directory. If you use hyphenation, you
+ must also put <code>fop-hyph.jar</code> in that directory.</p>
+
+ <p>In both cases the arguments consist of the options and
+ infile and outfile specifications as shown above for the
+ standard scripts.</p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="dynamical-classpath">
+ <title>FOP's dynamical classpath construction</title>
+
+ <p>If FOP is started without a proper classpath, it tries to
+ add its dependencies dynamically. If the system property
+ <code>fop.home</code> contains the name of a directory, then
+ FOP uses that directory as the base directory for its
+ search. Otherwise the current working directory is the base
+ directory. If the base directory is called <code>build</code>,
+ then its parent directory becomes the base directory.</p>
+
+ <p>FOP expects to find <code>fop.jar</code> in the
+ <code>build</code> subdirectory of the base directory, and
+ adds it to the classpath. Subsequently FOP adds all
+ <code>jar</code> files in the lib directory to the
+ classpath. The lib directory is either the <code>lib</code>
+ subdirectory of the base directory, or, if that does not
+ exist, the base directory itself.</p>
+
+ <p>If the system property <code>fop.optional.lib</code>
+ contains the name of a directory, then all <code>jar</code>
+ files in that directory are also added to the classpath. See
+ the methods <code>getJARList</code> and
+ <code>checkDependencies</code> in
+ <code>org.apache.fop.cli.Main</code>.</p>
+
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="check-input">
+ <title>Using Xalan to Check XSL-FO Input</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP sessions that use -xml and -xsl input instead of -fo input are actually
+ controlling two distinct conversions: Tranforming XML to XSL-FO, then formatting
+ the XSL-FO to PDF (or another FOP output format).
+ Although FOP controls both of these processes, the first is included merely as
+ a convenience and for performance reasons.
+ Only the second is part of FOP's core processing.
+ If a user has a problem running FOP, it is important to determine which of these
+ two processes is causing the problem.
+ If the problem is in the first process, the user's stylesheet is likely the cause.
+ The FOP development team does not have resources to help with stylesheet issues,
+ although we have included links to some useful
+ <a href="../resources.html#specs">Specifications</a> and
+ <a href="../resources.html#articles">Books/Articles</a>.
+ If the problem is in the second process, FOP may have a bug or an unimplemented
+ feature that does require attention from the FOP development team.
+ </p>
+ <note>The user is always responsible to provide correct XSL-FO code to FOP.</note>
+ <p>
+ In the case of using -xml and -xsl input, although the user is responsible for
+ the XSL-FO code that is FOP's input, it is not visible to the user. To make the
+ intermediate FO file visible, the FOP distribution includes the "-foout" option
+ which causes FOP to run only the first (transformation) step, and write the
+ results to a file. (See also the Xalan command-line below)
+ </p>
+ <note>
+ When asking for help on the FOP mailing lists, <em>never</em> attach XML and
+ XSL to illustrate the issue. Always run the XSLT step (-foout) and send the
+ resulting XSL-FO file instead. Of course, be sure that the XSL-FO file is
+ correct before sending it.
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ The -foout option works the same way as if you would call the
+ <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/commandline.html">Xalan command-line</a>:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <code>java org.apache.xalan.xslt.Process -IN xmlfile -XSL file -OUT outfile</code>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Note that there are some subtle differences between the FOP and Xalan command-lines.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="memory">
+ <title>Memory Usage</title>
+ <p>
+ FOP can consume quite a bit of memory, even though this has been continually improved.
+ This is partly inherent to the formatting process and partly caused by implementation choices.
+ All FO processors currently on the market have memory problems with certain layouts.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ If you are running out of memory when using FOP, here are some ideas that may help:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Increase memory available to the JVM. See
+ <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/tooldocs/solaris/java.html">the -Xmx option</a>
+ for more information.
+ <warning>
+ It is usually unwise to increase the memory allocated to the JVM beyond the amount of
+ physical RAM, as this will generally cause significantly slower performance.
+ </warning>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Avoid forward references.
+ Forward references are references to some later part of a document.
+ Examples include page number citations which refer to pages which follow the citation,
+ tables of contents at the beginning of a document, and page numbering schemes that
+ include the total number of pages in the document
+ (<a href="../faq.html#pagenum">"page N of TOTAL"</a>).
+ Forward references cause all subsequent pages to be held in memory until the reference
+ can be resolved, i.e. until the page with the referenced element is encountered.
+ Forward references may be required by the task, but if you are getting a memory
+ overflow, at least consider the possibility of eliminating them.
+ A table of contents could be replaced by PDF bookmarks instead or moved to the end of
+ the document (reshuffle the paper could after printing).
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Avoid large images, especially if they are scaled down.
+ If they need to be scaled, scale them in another application upstream from FOP.
+ For many image formats, memory consumption is driven mainly by the size of the image
+ file itself, not its dimensions (width*height), so increasing the compression rate
+ may help.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Use multiple page sequences.
+ FOP starts rendering after the end of a page sequence is encountered.
+ While the actual rendering is done page-by-page, some additional memory is
+ freed after the page sequence has been rendered.
+ This can be substantial if the page sequence contains lots of FO elements.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="problems">
+ <title>Problems</title>
+ <p>If you have problems running FOP, please see the <a href="../gethelp.html">"How to get Help" page</a>.</p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Apache™ FOP: Servlets</title>
+ <subtitle>How to use Apache™ FOP in a Servlet</subtitle>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="overview">
+ <title>Overview</title>
+ <p>
+ This page discusses topic all around using Apache™ FOP in a servlet environment.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="example-servlets">
+ <title>Example Servlets in the FOP distribution</title>
+ <p>
+ In the directory {fop-dir}/src/java/org/apache/fop/servlet, you'll find a working example
+ of a FOP-enabled servlet.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The servlet is automatically built when you build Apache FOP using the supplied Ant script. After building
+ the servlet, drop fop.war into the webapps directory of Apache Tomcat (or any other web container). Then, you can use
+ URLs like the following to generate PDF files:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>http://localhost:8080/fop/fop?fo=/home/path/to/fofile.fo</li>
+ <li>http://localhost:8080/fop/fop?xml=/home/path/to/xmlfile.xml&xsl=/home/path/to/xslfile.xsl</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p/>
+ <p>The source code for the servlet can be found under {fop-dir}/src/java/org/apache/fop/servlet/FopServlet.java.</p>
+ <note>
+ This example servlet should not be used on a public web server connected to the Internet as it does not contain
+ any measures to prevent Denial-of-Service-Attacks. It is provided as an example and as a starting point for
+ your own servlet.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="servlet">
+ <title>Create your own Servlet</title>
+ <note>
+ This section assumes you are familiar with <a href="embedding.html">embedding FOP</a>.
+ </note>
+ <section id="minimal-servlet">
+ <title>A minimal Servlet</title>
+ <p>
+ Here is a minimal code snippet to demonstrate the basics:
+ </p>
+ <source>private FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+private TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+
+public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
+ HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException {
+ try {
+ response.setContentType("application/pdf");
+ Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, response.getOutputStream());
+ Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer();
+ Source src = new StreamSource("foo.fo");
+ Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
+ transformer.transform(src, res);
+ } catch (Exception ex) {
+ throw new ServletException(ex);
+ }
+}</source>
+ <note>
+ There are numerous problems with the code snippet above.
+ Its purpose is only to demonstrate the basic concepts.
+ See below for details.
+ </note>
+ </section>
+ <section id="xslt">
+ <title>Adding XSL tranformation (XSLT)</title>
+ <p>
+ A common requirement is to transform an XML source to
+ XSL-FO using an XSL transformation. It is recommended to use
+ JAXP for this task. The following snippet shows the basic
+ code:
+ </p>
+ <source>private FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+private TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+
+public void init() throws ServletException {
+ //Optionally customize the FopFactory and TransformerFactory here
+}
+
+[..]
+
+ //Setup a buffer to obtain the content length
+ ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+ //Setup FOP
+ Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, out);
+
+ //Setup Transformer
+ Source xsltSrc = new StreamSource(new File("foo-xml2fo.xsl"));
+ Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(xsltSrc);
+
+ //Make sure the XSL transformation's result is piped through to FOP
+ Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
+
+ //Setup input
+ Source src = new StreamSource(new File("foo.xml"));
+
+ //Start the transformation and rendering process
+ transformer.transform(src, res);
+
+ //Prepare response
+ response.setContentType("application/pdf");
+ response.setContentLength(out.size());
+
+ //Send content to Browser
+ response.getOutputStream().write(out.toByteArray());
+ response.getOutputStream().flush();</source>
+ <note>
+ Buffering the generated PDF in a ByteArrayOutputStream is done to avoid potential
+ problems with the Acrobat Reader Plug-in in Microsoft Internet Explorer.
+ </note>
+ <p>
+ The <code>Source</code> instance used above is simply an
+ example. If you have to read the XML from a string, supply
+ a <code>new StreamSource(new
+ StringReader(xmlstring))</code>. Constructing and reparsing
+ an XML string is generally less desirable than using a
+ SAXSource if you generate your XML. You can alternatively
+ supply a DOMSource as well. You may also use dynamically
+ generated XSL if you like.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Because you have an explicit <code>Transformer</code> object, you can also use it to
+ explicitely set parameters for the transformation run.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="cfg">
+ <title>Custom configuration</title>
+ <p>
+ You can easily set up your own FOUserAgent as demonstrated on the <a href="embedding.html">Embedding page</a>.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="performance">
+ <title>Improving performance</title>
+ <p>
+ There are several options to consider:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Instead of java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream consider using the ByteArrayOutputStream
+ implementation from the <a href="ext:commons-io">Jakarta Commons IO project</a> which allocates less memory.
+ The full class name is: <code>org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream</code>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ In certain cases it can help to write the generated PDF to a temporary file so
+ you can quickly reuse the file. This is especially useful, if Internet Explorer
+ calls the servlet multiple times with the same request or if you often generate
+ equal PDFs.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ Of course, the
+ <a href="embedding.html#performance">performance hints from the Embedding page</a>
+ apply here, too.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="uriresolver">
+ <title>Accessing resources in your web application</title>
+ <p>
+ Often, you will want to use resources (stylesheets, images etc.) which are bundled with
+ your web application. FOP provides a URIResolver implementation that lets you access
+ files via the Servlet's ServletContext. The class is called
+ <code>org.apache.fop.servlet.ServletContextURIResolver</code>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Here's how to set it up in your servlet. Instantiate a new instance in the servlet's
+ init() method:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+ /** URIResolver for use by this servlet */
+ protected URIResolver uriResolver;
+
+ public void init() throws ServletException {
+ this.uriResolver = new ServletContextURIResolver(getServletContext());
+ [..]
+ }]]></source>
+ <p>
+ The ServletContextURIResolver reacts on URIs beginning with "servlet-context:". If you
+ want to access an image in a subdirectory of your web application, you could, for
+ example, use: "servlet-context:/images/myimage.png". Don't forget the leading slash
+ after the colon!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Further down, you can use the URIResolver for various things:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ With the Transformer (JAXP/XSLT) so things like document() functions can resolver
+ "servlet-context:" URIs.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ With the FopFactory so every resource FOP loads can be loaded using a "servlet-context:"
+ URI.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ You can the ServletContextURIResolver yourself in your servlet code to access
+ stylesheets or XML files bundled with your web application.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ Here are some example snippets:
+ </p>
+ <source><![CDATA[
+//Setting up the JAXP TransformerFactory
+this.transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+this.transFactory.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);
+
+[..]
+
+//Setting up the FOP factory
+this.fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
+this.fopFactory.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);
+
+[..]
+
+//The stylesheet for the JAXP Transfomer
+Source xsltSrc = this.uriResolver.resolve(
+ "servlet-context:/xslt/mystylesheet.xsl", null);
+Transformer transformer = this.transFactory.newTransformer(xsltSrc);
+transformer.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);]]></source>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="ie">
+ <title>Notes on Microsoft Internet Explorer</title>
+ <p>
+ Some versions of Internet Explorer will not automatically show the PDF or call the servlet multiple times.
+ These are well-known limitations of Internet Explorer and are not a problem of the servlet.
+ However, Internet Explorer can still be used to download the PDF so that it can be viewed later.
+ Here are some suggestions in this context:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Use an URL ending in <code>.pdf</code>, like
+ <code>http://myserver/servlet/stuff.pdf</code>. Yes, the servlet can
+ be configured to handle this. If the URL has to contain parameters,
+ try to have <strong>both</strong> the base URL as well as the last parameter end in
+ <code>.pdf</code>, if necessary append a dummy parameter, like
+ <code>http://myserver/servlet/stuff.pdf?par1=a&par2=b&d=.pdf</code>. The
+ effect may depend on IEx version.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Give IEx the opportunity to cache. In particular, ensure the
+ server does not set any headers causing IEx not to cache the
+ content. This may be a real problem if the document is sent
+ over HTTPS, because most IEx installations will by default
+ <em>not</em> cache any content retrieved over HTTPS.
+ Setting the <code>Expires</code> header entry may help in
+ this case:<br/> <code>response.setDateHeader("Expires",
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + cacheExpiringDuration *
+ 1000);</code><br/> Consult your server manual and the
+ relevant RFCs for further details on HTTP headers and
+ caching.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Cache in the server. It may help to include a parameter in
+ the URL which has a timestamp as the value min order to
+ decide whether a request is repeated. IEx is reported to
+ retrieve a document up to three times, but never more often.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="servlet-engine">
+ <title>Servlet Engines</title>
+ <p>
+ When using a servlet engine, there are potential CLASSPATH issues, and potential conflicts
+ with existing XML/XSLT libraries. Servlet containers also often use their own classloaders
+ for loading webapps, which can cause bugs and security problems.
+ </p>
+ <section id="tomcat">
+ <title>Tomcat</title>
+ <p>
+ Check Tomcat's documentation for detailed instructions about installing FOP and Cocoon.
+ There are known bugs that must be addressed, particularly for Tomcat 4.0.3.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section id="websphere">
+ <title>WebSphere 3.5</title>
+ <p>
+ Put a copy of a working parser in some directory where WebSphere can access it.
+ For example, if /usr/webapps/yourapp/servlets is the CLASSPATH for your servlets,
+ copy the Xerces jar into it (any other directory would also be fine).
+ Do not add the jar to the servlet CLASSPATH, but add it to the CLASSPATH of the
+ application server which contains your web application.
+ In the WebSphere administration console, click on the "environment" button in the
+ "general" tab. In the "variable name" box, enter "CLASSPATH".
+ In the "value" box, enter the correct path to the parser jar file
+ (/usr/webapps/yourapp/servlets/Xerces.jar in our example here).
+ Press "OK", then apply the change and restart the application server.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section id="complex-usecases">
+ <title>Handling complex use cases</title>
+ <p>
+ Sometimes the requirements for a servlet get quite sophisticated: SQL data sources,
+ multiple XSL transformations, merging of several datasources etc. In such a case
+ consider using <a class="fork" href="ext:cocoon">Apache Cocoon</a> instead
+ of a custom servlet to accomplish your goal.
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+-->
+<!-- $Id$ -->
+<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
+<document>
+ <header>
+ <title>Upgrading from an Earlier Version of Apache™ FOP</title>
+ <version>$Revision$</version>
+ </header>
+ <body>
+ <section id="fop-1.0">
+ <title>Upgrading from Version 1.0</title>
+ <p>
+ You should encounter very few issues in upgrading from FOP 1.0, except as noted in the following:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ The intermediate format (IF) output format has underwent minor modification as follows:
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ In order to track changes to the IF format, a <code>version</code> attribute has been added to the root
+ <code>document</code> element. Since no version information was provided previously, the initial
+ value of this attribute is <code>2.0</code>. Future backward compatible changes will update the minor
+ version number, while future non-backward compatible changes will update the major version number.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ On the <code>text</code> element, a new alternate representation is used for adjustments to glyph positions as expressed by a <code>dp</code>
+ attribute instead of the <code>dx</code> attribute. For further information, see
+ <a href="http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/xmlgraphics-fop-dev/201202.mbox/%3cCACQ=j+evStXx=7hW=CHVNKCrZHUso9FHZCSk_5EoENOHcGpGOg@mail.gmail.com%3e">complex
+ script patch - intermediate format changes</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ On the <code>border-rect</code> element, the attributes {<code>before</code>, <code>after</code>, <code>start</code>, <code>end</code>}
+ have been renamed to {<code>top</code>, <code>bottom</code>, <code>left</code>, <code>right</code>}, respectively.
+ For further information, see
+ <a href="http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/xmlgraphics-fop-dev/201202.mbox/%3cCACQ=j+evStXx=7hW=CHVNKCrZHUso9FHZCSk_5EoENOHcGpGOg@mail.gmail.com%3e">complex
+ script patch - intermediate format changes</a>.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The <code>IFPainter</code> interface (of package <code>org.apache.fop.render.intermediate</code>), specifically the
+ <code>drawText</code> and <code>drawBorderRect</code> method signatures, have been modified to express the semantics of the above changes to the IF output format.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The area tree (AT) output format has underwent minor modification as follows:
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ In order to track changes to the AT format, a <code>version</code> attribute has been added to the root
+ <code>areaTree</code> element. Since no version information was provided previously, the initial
+ value of this attribute is <code>2.0</code>. Future backward compatible changes will update the minor
+ version number, while future non-backward compatible changes will update the major version number.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ An optional <code>level</code> attribute has been added to a number of element types to express resolved bidirectional level.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ An optional <code>reversed</code> attribute has been added to the <code>word</code> element type to express that the glyphs that
+ correspond to the character content of the element should be reversed (in order) in the inline progression dimension when rendering.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Because complex script features are now enabled by default, it is possible that different font specific data will be used for
+ kerning than was previously used. This may be the case if a font supports a traditional TrueType <code>kern</code> table and
+ also supports the advanced typographic <code>kern</code> feature with a <code>GPOS</code> table. In FOP 1.0, the former is used for kerning,
+ while in FOP 1.1 with complex script features enabled, the latter is used. If it is desired to explicitly use the <code>kern</code> table (rather
+ than the <code>GPOS</code> table) in such a case, then the <code>-nocs</code> command line option may be used when invoking FOP
+ in order to disable complex script features.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section id="pre-1.0">
+ <title>Upgrading from Pre-1.0 Versions</title>
+ <p>
+ If you're planning to upgrade to the latest Apache™ FOP version from a pre-1.0 version,
+ there are a few very important things to consider:
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ The API of FOP has changed considerably and is not
+ backwards-compatible with versions 0.20.5 and
+ 0.91beta. Version 0.92 introduced the <strong>new stable
+ API</strong>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Since version 0.92 some deprecated methods which were part
+ of the old API have been removed. If you upgrade from 0.91
+ beta, you will need to adjust your Java code. Similarly if
+ you upgrade from 0.92 and use deprecated methods.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ If you are using a configuration file for version 0.20.5, you have to rebuild it in the new format. The format
+ of the configuration files has changed since version 0.20.5. See conf/fop.xconf for
+ an example configuration file. A XML Schema file can be found under
+ src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Beginning with version 0.94 you can skip the generation of
+ font metric files and remove the "font-metrics" attribute
+ in the font configuration. In the unlikely case that due to
+ a bug you still need to use font metrics files you will need
+ to regenerate the font metrics file if yours are from a FOP
+ version before 0.93.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <p>
+ The new code is much more strict about the interpretation of the XSL-FO specification.
+ Things that worked fine in version 0.20.5 might start to produce warnings or even errors
+ now. FOP 0.20.5 contains many bugs which have been corrected in the new code.
+ </p>
+ <note label="An example">
+ While FOP 0.20.5 allowed you to have empty <code>fo:table-cell</code> elements, the new code
+ will complain about that (unless relaxed validation is enabled) because the specification
+ demands at least one block-level element (<code>(%block;)+</code>, see
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl/#fo_table-cell">XSL-FO 1.1, 6.7.10</a>)
+ inside an <code>fo:table-cell</code> element.
+ </note>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Extensions and Renderers written for version 0.20.5 will not work with the new code! The new FOP
+ extension for <a href="http://barcode4j.sourceforge.net">Barcode4J</a> is available since
+ January 2007.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The SVG Renderer and the MIF Handler have not yet been resurrected! They are currently non-functional
+ and hope for someone to step up and reimplement them.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>
+ When you use your existing FO files or XML/XSL files which work fine with FOP version
+ 0.20.5 against this FOP version some things may not work as expected. The following
+ list will hopefully help you to identify and correct those problems.
+ </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>
+ Check the <a href="../compliance.html">Compliance page</a> for the feature causing
+ trouble. It may contain the necessary information to understand and resolve the problem.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Not all 0.20.5 output formats are supported. PDF and Postscript should be fully supported.
+ See <a href="output.html">Output Targets</a> for a more complete description.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ As stated above, empty table cells <code><fo:table-cell></fo:table-cell></code>
+ are not allowed by the specification. The same applies to empty <code>fo:static-content</code>
+ and <code>fo:block-container</code> elements, for example.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Version 0.20.5 is not XSL-FO compliant with respect to sizing images (<code>external-graphic</code>)
+ or <code>instream-foreign-object</code>
+ objects. If images or SVGs are sized differently in your outputs with the new FOP version
+ check <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37136">Bug 37136</a>
+ as it contains some hints on what to do. The file
+ <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/fo/basic/images.fo?view=markup">
+ <code>"examples/fo/basic/images.fo"</code></a> has
+ a number of good examples that show the correct behaviour.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The <code>fox:outline</code> extension is not implemented in the current version:
+ it has been superseded by the new bookmark elements from XSL-FO 1.1.
+ </li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ </body>
+</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Accessibility</title>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- This page describes the
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility">accessibility</a>
- features of Apache™ FOP.
- <a href="http://www.section508.gov/">Section 508</a> defines accessibility in the context
- of electronic documents for the USA but other countries have similar requirements.
- </p>
- <p>
- Accessibility features are available only for the PDF output format and there are some
- implementation limitations. Also, certain actions must be undertaken by the content creator
- to ensure that FOP can create a truly accessible document.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Enabling accessibility</title>
- <p>There are 3 ways to enable accessibility:</p>
- <ol>
- <li>
- <strong>Command line:</strong> The command line option -a turns on accessibility:
- <code>fop -a -fo mydocument.fo -pdf mydocument.pdf</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Embedding:</strong> <code>userAgent.setAccessibility(true);</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Optional setting in fop.xconf file:</strong>
- <pre>
- <fop version="1.0">
- <accessibility>true</accessibility>
- ...
- </fop>
- </pre>
- </li>
- </ol>
- <p>
- When accessibility is enabled, additional information relating to the logical structure of
- the document is added to the PDF. That information allows the PDF viewer (or a
- text-to-speech application) to retrieve the natural reading order of the document.
- </p>
- <note>The processing of the logical structure is memory-hungry. You may need to adjust the
- Java heap size in order to process larger files.</note>
- </section>
- <section id="source">
- <title>Changes to your XSL-FO input files</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP cannot automatically generate accessible PDFs. Some of the work can only be
- performed by the content provider. Following are some changes that may be necessary to
- your XSL-FO content in order to generate really accessible documents:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>Table cells must have a table row as their parent.</li>
- <li>
- Images must have an alternate text: use the <code>fox:alt-text</code> extension attribute
- (in the <a href="extensions.html#fox-namespace">fox namespace</a>) on
- <code>fo:external-graphic</code> and <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code> to specify a
- short text describing the image.
- </li>
- <li>
- Ensure that the order of <code>fo:block-container</code> elements in a page corresponds to
- the reading order.
- </li>
- <li>
- Specify the natural language of the document using the language and country properties
- (or via the <code>xml:lang</code> shorthand property).
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="customTags">
- <title>Customized Tagging</title>
- <p>The <a href="#PDFReference">PDF Reference</a> defines a set of standard Structure Types to
- tag content. For example, ‘P’ is used for identifying paragraphs, ‘H1’ to ‘H6’ for headers,
- ‘L’ for lists, ‘Div’ for block-level groups of elements, etc. This standard set is aimed at
- improving interoperability between applications producing or consuming PDF. </p>
- <p>FOP provides a default mapping of Formatting Objects to elements from that standard set.
- For example, <code>fo:page-sequence</code> is mapped to ‘Part’, <code>fo:block</code> is
- mapped to ‘P’, <code>fo:list-block</code> to ‘L’, etc.</p>
- <p>You may want to customize that mapping to improve the accuracy of the tagging or deal with
- particular FO constructs. For example, you may want to make use of the ‘H1’ to ‘H6’ tags to
- make the hierarchical structure of the document appear in the PDF. This is achieved by using
- the <code>role</code> XSL-FO property:</p>
- <source>...
-<fo:block role="H1" font-weight="bold">I. A Level 1 Heading</fo:block>
-<fo:block>This is the first paragraph of the first section...</fo:block>
-...</source>
- <p>If a non-standard structure type is specified, FOP will issue a warning and fall back to
- the default tag associated to the Formatting Object.</p>
- </section>
- <section id="testing">
- <title>Testing</title>
- <p>
- Accessible PDFs can be tested, for example, using Adobe Acrobat Professional. Its
- Accessibility Check feature creates a report indicating any deficiencies with a PDF
- document. Alternatively, you can just let a screen reader read the document aloud.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="limitations">
- <title>Limitations</title>
- <p>
- Accessibility support in Apache FOP is relatively new, so there are certain
- limitations. Please help us identify and close any gaps.
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- The natural language can currently only be specified at the page-sequence level. The
- document language is derived from the language of the first page-sequence. It is
- currently not possible to override the language inside the content below the
- page-sequence level.
- </li>
- <li>
- It's currently not possible to specify the expanded form of an abbreviation or acronym.
- </li>
- <li>
- SVG graphics (or images in general) are treated as a single figure. Text contained in
- SVGs is not accessible. It's only possible to work with <code>fox:alt-text</code>.
- </li>
- <li>
- The side regions (region-before, region-after etc.) are currently not specially
- identified. Screen readers may read their content at page changes.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="links">
- <title>Related Links</title>
- <p>
- Many resources providing guidance about creating accessible documents can be found on the
- web. Here are a few links, along with additional resources around the topic:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://www.section508.gov/">US Government - Website on Section 508</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility">Wikipedia on Accessibility in general</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format#Accessibility">Wikipedia on Accessibility in PDF</a></li>
- <li id="PDFReference">
- <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/pdf/PDFReference.pdf">PDF
- Reference 1.4</a> (look up chapters 9.7 "Tagged PDF" and 9.8 "Accessibility Support")
- </li>
- <li><a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A support in Apache FOP</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/PDF_Accessibility">Developer-oriented details on the accessibility features (on the Wiki)</a></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Ant task</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP provides an Ant task for automating the document build process.
- </p>
- <section id="basics">
- <title>Description</title>
- <p>
- The FOP Ant task will convert XSL-FO documents to PDF, PS, PCL etc. output
- (see <a href="output.html">Output formats</a> for available formats).
- </p>
- <p>
- To call FOP tasks within Ant, first add a FOP task definition to your Ant build file.
- One method of defining the task is as follows:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<property name="fop.home" value="....path to your FOP HOME directory..."/>
-
-<taskdef name="fop"
- classname="org.apache.fop.tools.anttasks.Fop">
- <classpath>
- <fileset dir="${fop.home}/lib">
- <include name="*.jar"/>
- </fileset>
- <fileset dir="${fop.home}/build">
- <include name="fop.jar"/>
- <include name="fop-hyph.jar" />
- </fileset>
- </classpath>
-</taskdef>
- ]]></source>
-<p>
- Then create FOP tasks within your Ant build file, using the FOP task parameters listed below.</p>
- </section>
- <!-- TODO: Installation/Configuration -->
- <section id="parameters"><title>Parameters for FOP Ant task</title>
- <table><caption>Parameters specified as attributes</caption>
- <tr>
- <th>Attribute</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- <th>Required</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>fofile</td>
- <td>XSL-FO file to be rendered</td>
- <td>Yes, if no fileset nested element is used</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>xmlfile</td>
- <td>XML input file</td>
- <td>Yes, if no fofile is specified</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>xsltfile</td>
- <td>XSLT input file</td>
- <td>Yes, if no fofile is specified</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>outfile</td>
- <td>Output filename</td>
- <td>Yes, when fofile is used. (This attribute is not valid for filesets.)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>format</td>
- <td>Possible output formats:<br/>
- <code>application/X-fop-awt-preview</code><br/>
- <code>application/X-fop-print</code><br/>
- <code>application/X-fop-areatree</code><br/>
- <code>application/pdf</code><br/>
- <code>application/postscript</code><br/>
- <code>application/mif</code><br/>
- <code>application/rtf</code>,
- <code>text/richtext</code>,
- <code>text/rtf</code><br/>
- <code>application/x-pcl</code>,
- <code>application/vnd.hp-PCL</code><br/>
- <code>application/x-afp</code>,
- <code>application/vnd.ibm.modcap</code><br/>
- <code>text/plain</code><br/>
- <code>image/svg+xml</code><br/>
- <code>image/gif</code><br/>
- <code>image/png</code><br/>
- <code>image/tiff</code><br/>
- </td>
- <td>No, defaults to <code>application/pdf</code></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>outdir</td>
- <td>Output directory</td>
- <td>Required if a fileset is used to specify the files to render; optional for fofile. (Can alternatively specify the full path in the fofile value.)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>force</td>
- <td>Recreate target files, even if they are newer than their corresponding
- source files. Note: This attribute is available in post-0.20.5
- versions (0.20.x nightly build and 1.0dev) only; target files are
- always generated (i.e., force=true) in 0.20.5 release.
- </td>
- <td>No, default is <code>false</code></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>basedir</td>
- <td>Base directory to resolve relative references (e.g., graphics files) within the
- FO document.
- </td>
- <td>No, for single FO File entry, default is to use the location
- of that FO file.
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>relativebase</td>
- <td>For fileset usage only. A value of <code>true</code> specifies using the location
- of each .fo file as the base directory for resolving relative file references located
- within that .fo file. A value of <code>false</code> specifies using the value of
- basedir for all files within the fileset, or just the current working directory
- if basedir is not specified.
- </td>
- <td>No, default is <code>false</code>.
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>userconfig</td>
- <td>User configuration file (same as the FOP "-c" command line option).</td>
- <td>No</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>messagelevel</td>
- <td>Logging level<br/>
- Possible values: <code>error</code>, <code>warn</code>, <code>info</code>, <code>verbose</code>, <code>debug</code>. <strong>Currently doesn't work in FOP Trunk!!!</strong></td>
- <td>No, defaults to <code>verbose</code></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>logFiles</td>
- <td>Controls whether the names of the files that are processed are logged
- (<code>true</code>) or not (<code>false</code>). <strong>Currently doesn't work in FOP Trunk!!!</strong></td>
- <td>No, default is <code>true</code></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>throwexceptions</td>
- <td>Controls whether or not an exception is thrown if an error occurs during rendering.</td>
- <td>Default is <code>true</code></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p/>
- <table><caption>Parameters specified as nested elements</caption>
- <tr>
- <th>Attribute</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- <th>Required</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>fileset</td>
- <td><a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/CoreTypes/fileset.html">FileSets</a>
- are used to specify multiple XSL-FO files to be rendered.</td>
- <td>Yes, if no fofile attribute is supplied</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- <section id="examples">
- <title>Examples</title>
- <p>
- The following example converts a single XSL-FO file to a PDF document:
- </p>
-
- <source><![CDATA[
-<target name="generate-pdf" description="Generates a single PDF file">
- <fop format="application/pdf"
- fofile="c:\working\foDirectory\foDocument.fo"
- outfile="c:\working\pdfDirectory\pdfDocument.pdf" />
-</target>
- ]]></source>
- <p>
- This example converts all XSL-FO files within an entire directory to PostScript:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<target name="generate-multiple-ps"
- description="Generates multiple PostScript files">
- <fop format="application/postscript"
- outdir="${build.dir}" messagelevel="debug">
- <fileset dir="${fo.examples.dir}">
- <include name="*.fo"/>
- </fileset>
- </fop>
-</target>
- ]]></source>
- <p>
- The following example transforms and converts a single XML and XSLT file to an AFP document:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<target name="generate-afp-from-transform" description="Generates a single AFP file from an XSLT stylesheet">
- <fop format="application/x-afp"
- xmlfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xml"
- xsltfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xslt"
- outfile="c:\working\afpDirectory\Document.afp" />
-</target>
- ]]></source>
- <p>
- This example transforms and converts all XML files within an entire directory to PostScript:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<target name="generate-multiple-ps-from-transform" description="Generates multiple PostScript files using an XSLT stylesheet">
- <fop format="application/postscript"
- xsltfile="c:\working\foDirectory\Document.xslt"
- outdir="${build.dir}" messagelevel="debug">
- <fileset dir="${test.dir}">
- <include name="*.xml"/>
- </fileset>
- </fop>
-</target>
- ]]></source>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Building from Source Code</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="build-needed">
- <title>Do You Need To Build?</title>
-<!-- text for released versions -->
-<!-- <p>
- FOP distributions are either pre-compiled binary or source.
- If you are using a binary distribution, it is already built and there is no need to build it again.
- See the <a href="../download.html">Download Instructions</a> for information about whether a
- binary or source distribution is best for your needs.
- </p>-->
-<!-- /text for released versions -->
-<!-- text for trunk -->
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP snapshots are either pre-compiled binary or source.
- If you are using a binary snapshot, it is already built and there is no need to build it again.
- If you got the source code from a repository snapshot or via Subversion you will need to build FOP.
- See the <a href="../download.html">Download Instructions</a> for information about where to obtain binary or repository snapshots, and whether a
- binary or source snapshot is best for your needs.
- </p>
-<!-- /text for trunk -->
- </section>
- <section id="env">
- <title>Set Up Your Environment</title>
- <section id="env-jdk">
- <title>JDK</title>
- <p>
- Building FOP requires a minimum Java Development Kit (JDK/SDK) of 1.4
- (A Java Runtime Environment is not sufficient).
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="env-classpath">
- <title>CLASSPATH</title>
- <p>
- There is generally no need to setup a classpath. All libraries needed to compile FOP are included
- in the source distribution and are referenced by the build script.
- You will only need to adjust the classpath if you build FOP in some other way. See the build
- script build.xml for details.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="env-java-home">
- <title>JAVA_HOME</title>
- <p>
- The build script uses <a href="ext:ant">Apache Ant</a>, a popular
- Java-based build tool, which usually requires that the environment variable JAVA_HOME point to
- your local JDK root directory. This is true even if you use JDK 1.4 or above, which normally
- does not need this setting.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="env-ant">
- <title>Apache Ant</title>
- <p>
- <a href="ext:ant">Apache Ant</a> (Version 1.7 or later) must be installed in order to
- build FOP. Following best practices we don't include Ant with FOP anymore. You can find the
- <a href="ext:ant/manual/">instructions to install Ant in the Ant manual</a> on the web.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="build-script">
- <title>Run the Build Script</title>
- <p>
- Change to the FOP root directory and build FOP by executing the build script (build.xml)
- using the "ant" command.
- </p>
- <note>
- The "ant" command is only available on your system if you've properly
- <a href="ext:ant/manual/">installed Apache Ant</a> and added Ant's location to the PATH
- environment variable.
- </note>
- <p>
- The file build.xml in the FOP root directory is the blueprint that Ant uses for the build. It
- contains information for numerous build targets, many of which are building blocks to more
- useful target, and others which are primarily used by the FOP developers.
- You may benefit from looking through this file to learn more about the various build targets.
- To obtain a complete list of useful build targets:
- </p>
- <source>ant -projecthelp</source>
- <p>The most useful targets are:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <strong>package</strong>: Generates the JAR files (default). This is the normal build that
- produces a jar file usable for running FOP.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>clean </strong>: Cleans the build directory. This is useful for making sure that
- any build errors are cleaned up before starting a new build. It should not ordinarily be
- needed, but may be helpful if you are having problems with the build process itself.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>javadocs</strong>: Creates the FOP API documentation.
- <note>A minimum JDK version of 1.4.2 is required for generating the javadocs.</note>
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>To run the build:</p>
- <source>ant [target ...]</source>
- <p>For example to do a normal build for the "all" target (which is the default):</p>
- <source>ant</source>
- <p>OR</p>
- <source>ant all</source>
- <p>To clean the build directory first:</p>
- <source>ant clean all</source>
- <note>
- If you want to shorten the build time you can just call the "package" target which
- doesn't perform any automated tests during the build.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="problems">
- <title id="Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</title>
- <p>If you have problems building FOP, please try the following:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>Run the build with the target of "clean", then rerun the build.</li>
- <li>Delete the build directory completely, then rerun the build.</li>
- <li>
- Make sure you do not have a non-FOP version of xerces.jar, xalan.jar, batik.jar,
- or another dependency product somewhere in your CLASSPATH.
- </li>
- <li>
- If the build still fails, see the <a href="../gethelp.html">Getting Help</a>
- page for further help.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Complex Scripts</title>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- This page describes the
- <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_scripts">complex scripts</link>
- features of Apache™ FOP, which include:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>Support for languages written with right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic and Hebrew scripts.</li>
- <li>Support for languages written with South Asian and Southeast Asian scripts, such as Devanagari,
- Khmer, Tamil, Thai, and others.</li>
- <li>Support for advanced substitution, reordering, and positioning of glyphs according to language
- and script sensitive rules.</li>
- <li>Support for advanced number to string formatting.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Disabling complex scripts</title>
- <p>Complex script features are enabled by default. If some application of FOP does not
- require this support, then it can be disabled in three ways:</p>
- <ol>
- <li>
- <strong>Command line:</strong> The command line option <code>-nocs</code> turns off complex script
- features: <code>fop -nocs -fo mydocument.fo -pdf mydocument.pdf</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Embedding:</strong> <code>userAgent.setComplexScriptFeaturesEnabled(false);</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Optional setting in fop.xconf file:</strong>
- <pre>
-<fop version="1.0">
- <complex-scripts disabled="true"/>
- ...
-</fop>
- </pre>
- </li>
- </ol>
- <p>
- When complex scripts features are enabled, additional information related to bidirectional
- level resolution, the association between characters and glyphs, and glyph position adjustments
- are added to the internal, parsed representation of the XSL-FO tree and its corresponding
- formatted area tree. This additional information will somewhat increase the memory requirements for
- processing documents that use these features.
- </p>
- <note>A document author need not make explicit use of any complex scripts feature in order
- for this additional information to be created. For example, if the author makes use of a font
- that contains OpenType GSUB and/or GPOS tables, then those tables will be automatically used
- unless complex scripts features are disabled.</note>
- </section>
- <section id="source">
- <title>Changes to your XSL-FO input files</title>
- <p>
- In most circumstances, XSL-FO content does not need to change in order to make use of
- complex scripts features; however, in certain contexts, fully automatic processing is not
- sufficient. In these cases, an author may make use of the following XSL-FO constructs:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#script"><code>script</code></link> property.</li>
- <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#language"><code>language</code></link> property.</li>
- <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#writing-mode"><code>writing-mode</code></link> property.</li>
- <li>The number to string conversion properties:
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#format"><code>format</code></link>,
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#grouping-separator"><code>grouping-separator</code></link>,
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#grouping-size"><code>grouping-size</code></link>,
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#letter-value"><code>letter-value</code></link>,
- and <code>fox:number-conversion-features</code>.</li>
- <li>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override"><code>fo:bidi-override</code></link> element.</li>
- <li>Explicit bidirectional control characters: U+200E LRM, U+200F RLM, U+202A LRE,
- U+202B RLE, U+202C PDF, U+202D LRO, U+202E RLO.</li>
- <li>Explicit join control characters: U+200C ZWNJ and U+200D ZWJ.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="details">
- <title>Authoring Details</title>
- <p>The complex scripts related effects of the above enumerated XSL-FO constructs are more
- fully described in the following sub-sections.</p>
- <section id="script_property">
- <title>Script Property</title>
- <p>In order to apply font specific complex script features, it is necessary to know
- the script that applies to the text undergoing layout processing. This script is determined
- using the following algorithm:
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>If the FO element that governs the text specifies a
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#script"><code>script</code></link>
- property and its value is not the empty string or <code>"auto"</code>, then that script is used.</li>
- <li>Otherwise, the dominant script of the text is determined automatically by finding the
- script whose constituent characters appear most frequently in the text.</li>
- </ol>
- <p>In case the automatic algorithm does not produce the desired results, an author may
- explicitly specify a <code>script</code> property with the desired script. If specified,
- it must be one of the four-letter script code specified in
- <link href="http://unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html">ISO 15924 Code List</link> or
- in the <link href="#extended_script_codes">Extended Script Codes</link> table. Comparison
- of script codes is performed in a case-insensitive manner, so it does not matter what case
- is used when specifying these codes in an XSL-FO document.</p>
- <section id="standard_script_codes">
- <title>Standard Script Codes</title>
- <p>The following table enumerates the standard ISO 15924 4-letter codes recognized by FOP.</p>
- <table class="ForrestTable tw30">
- <tr>
- <th style="text-align:center">Code</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Script</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>arab</code></td>
- <td>Arabic</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>beng</code></td>
- <td>Bengali</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>bopo</code></td>
- <td>Bopomofo</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>cyrl</code></td>
- <td>Cyrillic</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>deva</code></td>
- <td>Devanagari</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>ethi</code></td>
- <td>Ethiopic</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>geor</code></td>
- <td>Georgian</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>grek</code></td>
- <td>Greek</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>gujr</code></td>
- <td>Gujarati</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>guru</code></td>
- <td>Gurmukhi</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>hang</code></td>
- <td>Hangul</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>hani</code></td>
- <td>Han</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>hebr</code></td>
- <td>Hebrew</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>hira</code></td>
- <td>Hiragana</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>kana</code></td>
- <td>Katakana</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>knda</code></td>
- <td>Kannada</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>khmr</code></td>
- <td>Khmer</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>laoo</code></td>
- <td>Lao</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>latn</code></td>
- <td>Latin</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>mlym</code></td>
- <td>Malayalam</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>mymr</code></td>
- <td>Burmese</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>mong</code></td>
- <td>Mongolian</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>orya</code></td>
- <td>Oriya</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>sinh</code></td>
- <td>Sinhalese</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>taml</code></td>
- <td>Tamil</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>telu</code></td>
- <td>Telugu</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>thai</code></td>
- <td>Thai</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>tibt</code></td>
- <td>Tibetan</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>zmth</code></td>
- <td>Math</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>zsym</code></td>
- <td>Symbol</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>zyyy</code></td>
- <td>Undetermined</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>zzzz</code></td>
- <td>Uncoded</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- <section id="extended_script_codes">
- <title>Extended Script Codes</title>
- <p>The following table enumerates a number of non-standard extended script codes recognized by FOP.</p>
- <table class="ForrestTable tw70">
- <colgrp>
- <col style="width:10%"/>
- <col style="width:20%"/>
- <col style="width:80%"/>
- </colgrp>
- <tr>
- <th>Code</th>
- <th>Script</th>
- <th>Comments</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>bng2</code></td>
- <td>Bengali</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>dev2</code></td>
- <td>Devanagari</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>gur2</code></td>
- <td>Gurmukhi</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>gjr2</code></td>
- <td>Gujarati</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>knd2</code></td>
- <td>Kannada</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>mlm2</code></td>
- <td>Malayalam</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>ory2</code></td>
- <td>Oriya</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>tml2</code></td>
- <td>Tamil</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td style="text-align:center"><code>tel2</code></td>
- <td>Telugu</td>
- <td>OpenType Indic Version 2 (May 2008 and following) behavior.</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <warning>
- Explicit use of one of the above extended script codes is not portable,
- and should be limited to use with FOP only.
- </warning>
- <note>
- When performing automatic script determination, FOP selects the OpenType Indic
- Version 2 script codes by default. If the author requires Version 1 behavior, then
- an explicit, non-extension script code should be specified in a governing <code>script</code>
- property.
- </note>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="language_property">
- <title>Language Property</title>
- <p>Certain fonts that support complex script features can make use of language information in order for
- language specific processing rules to be applied. For example, a font designed for the Arabic script may support
- typographic variations according to whether the written language is Arabic, Farsi (Persian), Sindhi, Urdu, or
- another language written with the Arabic script. In order to apply these language specific features, the author
- may explicitly mark the text with a <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#language"><code>language</code></link>
- property.</p>
- <p>When specifying the <code>language</code> property, the value of the property must be either an
- <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-2_codes">ISO639-2 3-letter code</link> or an
- <link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes">ISO639-1 2-letter code</link>. Comparison of language
- codes is performed in a case-insensitive manner, so it does not matter what case is used when specifying these
- codes in an XSL-FO document.</p>
- </section>
- <section id="writing_mode_property">
- <title>Writing Mode Property</title>
- <p>The <code>writing-mode</code> property is used to determine the axes and direction of the inline
- progression direction, the block progression direction, the column progression direction (in tables
- and flows), the shift direction, region placement, the resolution of writing-mode relative property
- values (such as start, end, before, after), and the default block (paragraph) bidirectionality
- level.
- </p>
- <p>The <code>writing-mode</code> property is inherited, so it can appear on any XSL-FO element type; however,
- it applies (semantically) only to the following element types:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><code>fo:page-sequence</code></li>
- <li><code>fo:simple-page-master</code></li>
- <li><code>fo:region-*</code></li>
- <li><code>fo:block-container</code></li>
- <li><code>fo:inline-container</code></li>
- <li><code>fo:table</code></li>
- </ul>
- <p>If it is not specified on one of these element types, but is specified on an ancestor element, then the value specified on that
- ancestor element (the inherited value) is used; otherwise, the initial value <code>lr-tb</code> is used.</p>
- <p>At present, only the following values of the <code>writing-mode</code> property are supported:</p>
- <ul>
- <li><code>lr-tb</code></li>
- <li><code>rl-tb</code></li>
- <li><code>lr</code></li>
- <li><code>rl</code></li>
- </ul>
- <p>Writing modes that employ a vertical inline progression direction are not yet supported.</p>
- </section>
- <!-- [TBD] - NEED TO DOCUMENT
- <section id="number_conversion_properties">
- <title>Number Conversion Properties</title>
- </section>
- -->
- <section id="bidi_override_element">
- <title>Bidi Override Element</title>
- <p>The <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override"><code>fo:bidi-override</code></link>
- element may be used to override default bidirectional processing behavior,
- including default embedding levels and default character directionality. In the absence of either this element
- or use of explicit <link href="#bidi_controls">Bidi Control Characters</link>, the default behavior prescribed
- by the <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override">Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm</link>
- applies.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="bidi_controls">
- <title>Bidi Control Characters</title>
- <p>In addition to the use of the <link href="#bidi_override_element">Bidi Override Element</link>, an author
- may make use of the following explicit Unicode Bidi Control Characters:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>U+200E - LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK (LRM)</li>
- <li>U+200F - RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK (RLM)</li>
- <li>U+202A - LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING (LRE)</li>
- <li>U+202B - RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING (RLE)</li>
- <li>U+202C - POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING (PDF)</li>
- <li>U+202D - LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE (LRO)</li>
- <li>U+202E - RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE (RLO)</li>
- </ul>
- <p>If an embedding or override is not terminated (using U+202C PDF) prior to the end of a
- <link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#d0e4879">delimited text range</link>,
- then it is automatically terminated by FOP.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="join_controls">
- <title>Join Control Characters</title>
- <p>In order to prevent joining behavior in contexts where joining occurs by default,
- for example, between U+0628 ARABIC LETTER BEH and U+0646 ARABIC LETTER NOON,
- an author may used a U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ).
- </p>
- <p>Conversely, in order to force joining behavior in contexts where joining does not occur by default,
- for example, between U+0628 ARABIC LETTER BEH and U+0020 SPACE, an author may used a U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ).
- </p>
- <p>The behavior of ZWNJ and ZWJ is script specific. See
- <link href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.1.0/ch08.pdf">The Unicode Standard, Chapter 8,
- Middle Eastern Scripts</link> for information on the use of these control characters with the Arabic
- script. See
- <link href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.1.0/ch09.pdf">The Unicode Standard, Chapter 9,
- South Asian Scripts - I</link> for information on the use of these control characters with common
- Indic scripts.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="supported_scripts">
- <title>Supported Scripts</title>
- <p>Support for specific complex scripts is enumerated in the following table. Support
- for those marked as not being supported is expected to be added in future revisions.</p>
- <table>
- <colgrp>
- <col style="width: 15%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 65%"/>
- </colgrp>
- <tr>
- <th style="text-align:left">Script</th>
- <th>Support</th>
- <th>Tested</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_alphabet">Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes">full</td>
- <td class="yes">full</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_alphabet">Bengali</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_alphabet">Burmese</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari_alphabet">Devanagari</link></td>
- <td class="partial">partial</td>
- <td class="partial">partial</td>
- <td style="text-align:left">join controls (ZWJ, ZWNJ) not yet supported</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_alphabet">Khmer</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_alphabet">Gujarati</link></td>
- <td class="partial">partial</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td style="text-align:left">pre-alpha</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhī_alphabet">Gurmukhi</link></td>
- <td class="partial">partial</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td style="text-align:left">pre-alpha</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet">Hebrew</link></td>
- <td class="yes">full</td>
- <td class="partial">partial</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannada_alphabet">Kannada</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_alphabet">Lao</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_alphabet">Malayalam</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_script">Mongolian</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriya_script">Oriya</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_alphabet">Tamil</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_alphabet">Telugu</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_alphabet">Tibetan</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_alphabet">Thai</link></td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td class="no">none</td>
- <td></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- <section id="supported_fonts">
- <title>Supported Fonts</title>
- <p>Support for specific fonts is enumerated in the following sub-sections. If a given
- font is not listed, then it has not been tested with these complex scripts features.</p>
- <section id="fonts_arabic">
- <title>Arabic Fonts</title>
- <table>
- <colgrp>
- <col style="width: 15%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 65%"/>
- </colgrp>
- <tr>
- <th style="text-align:left">Font</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Version</th>
- <th style="text-align:center">Glyphs</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=24">Arial Unicode MS</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1081">1.01</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">50377</td>
- <td>limited GPOS support</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=ArabicFonts">Lateef</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">1.0</td>
- <td style="text-align:center">1147</td>
- <td>language features for Kurdish (KUR), Sindhi (SND), Urdu (URD)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&id=ArabicFonts">Scheherazade</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">1.0</td>
- <td style="text-align:center">1197</td>
- <td>language features for Kurdish (KUR), Sindhi (SND), Urdu (URD)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="no" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=867">1.01</link></td>
- <td/>
- <td>contains invalid, out of order coverage table entries</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1645">5.00</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">414</td>
- <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=261">Simplified Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">5.92</td>
- <td style="text-align:center">473</td>
- <td>includes GPOS for advanced position adjustment</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FMID=877">1.01</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">530</td>
- <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1658">5.00</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">530</td>
- <td>lacks GPOS support</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FID=264">Traditional Arabic</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left">5.92</td>
- <td style="text-align:center">589</td>
- <td>includes GPOS for advanced position adjustment</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- <section id="devanagari_fonts">
- <title>Devanagari Fonts</title>
- <table>
- <colgrp>
- <col style="width: 15%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 10%"/>
- <col style="width: 65%"/>
- </colgrp>
- <tr>
- <th style="text-align:left">Font</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Version</th>
- <th style="text-align:center">Glyphs</th>
- <th style="text-align:left">Comments</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=370">Aparajita</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1700">1.00</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=374">Kokila</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1749">1.00</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=243">Mangal</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1759">5.01</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">885</td>
- <td>designed for use in user interfaces</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/family.aspx?FID=384">Utsaah</link></td>
- <td class="yes" style="text-align:left"><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1811">1.00</link></td>
- <td style="text-align:center">706</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="limitations">
- <title>Other Limitations</title>
- <p>
- Complex scripts support in Apache FOP is relatively new, so there are certain
- limitations. Please help us identify and close any gaps.
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>Only the PDF output format fully supports complex scripts features at the present time.</li>
- <li>Shaping context does not extend across an element boundary. This limitation prevents the use of
- <code>fo:character</code>, <code>fo:inline</code> or <code>fo:wrapper</code> in order to colorize
- individual Arabic letters without affecting shaping behavior across the element boundary.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="links">
- <title>Related Links</title>
- <p>
- In addition to the XSL-FO specification, a number of external resources provide
- guidance about authoring documents that employ complex scripts and the features
- described above:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><link href="http://www.unicode.org/">The Unicode Standard</link></li>
- <li><link href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/#fo_bidi-override">Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm</link></li>
- <li><link href="http://www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/ttochap1.htm">OpenType Advanced Typographic Extensions</link></li>
- <li><link href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=CmplxRndExamples">Examples of Complex Rendering</link></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Configuration</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
-
- <body>
- <section id="general">
- <title>Configuration File Basics</title>
- <p>
- The Apache™ FOP configuration file is an XML file containing a variety of settings that are useful
- for controlling FOP's behavior, and for helping it find resources that you wish it to use.
- </p>
- <p>
- The easiest way to get started using a FOP configuration file is to copy the sample found
- at <code>{fop-dir}/conf/fop.xconf</code> to a location of your choice, and then to
- edit it according to your needs.
- It contains templates for the various configuration options, most of which are commented
- out. Remove the comments and change the settings for entries that you wish to use.
- Be sure to follow any instructions, including comments which specify the value range.
- Also, since the configuration file is XML, be sure to keep it well-formed.
- </p>
- <section id="general-available">
- <title>Making Configuration Available to FOP</title>
- <p>After creating your configuration file, you must tell FOP how to find it:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- If running FOP from the command-line, see the "-c" command-line option in
- <a href="running.html">Running FOP</a>.
- </li>
- <li>
- If running FOP as an embedded application, see
- <a href="embedding.html#config-external">Embedding, Using a Configuration File</a>.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- See <a href="embedding.html#config-internal">Setting the Configuration Programmatically</a>
- for instructions on how to do so in an embedded environment.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="general-elements">
- <title>Summary of the General Configuration Options</title>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Element</th>
- <th>Data Type (for the value)</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- <th>Default Value</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>base</td>
- <td>URL or directory</td>
- <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative URL will be resolved.</td>
- <td>current directory</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>font-base</td>
- <td>URL or directory</td>
- <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative font URLs will be resolved.
- </td>
- <td>base URL/directory (above)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>hyphenation-base</td>
- <td>URL or directory</td>
- <td>Specifies the base URL based on which relative URLs to hyphenation pattern
- files will be resolved. If not specified, support for user-supplied hyphenation
- patterns remains disabled.
- </td>
- <td>disabled</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td colspan="4">Relative URIs for the above three properties are evaluated relative to the base URI of the configuration file. If the configuration is provided programmatically, the base URI can be set with <code>FopFactory.setUserConfigBaseURI</code>; default is the current working directory.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>hyphenation-pattern</td>
- <td>String, attribute lang, attribute country (optional)</td>
- <td>Register a file name for the hyphenation pattern for the mentioned language and country. Language ll and country CC must both consist of two letters.</td>
- <td>ll_CC</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>source-resolution</td>
- <td>Integer, dpi</td>
- <td>
- Resolution in dpi (dots per inch) which is used internally to determine the pixel
- size for SVG images and bitmap images without resolution information.
- </td>
- <td>72 dpi</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>target-resolution</td>
- <td>Integer, dpi</td>
- <td>
- Resolution in dpi (dots per inch) used to specify the output resolution for bitmap
- images generated by bitmap renderers (such as the TIFF renderer) and by bitmaps
- generated by Apache Batik for filter effects and such.
- </td>
- <td>72 dpi</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>strict-configuration</td>
- <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
- <td>
- Setting this option to 'true' will cause FOP to strictly verify the contents of the
- FOP configuration file to ensure that defined resources (such as fonts and base
- URLs/directories) are valid and available to FOP. Any errors found will cause FOP to
- immediately raise an exception.</td>
- <td>false</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>strict-validation</td>
- <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
- <td>
- Setting this option to 'false' causes FOP to be more forgiving about XSL-FO validity,
- for example, you're allowed to specify a border on a region-body which is supported
- by some FO implementations but is non-standard. Note that such a border would
- currently have no effect in Apache FOP.</td>
- <td>true</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>break-indent-inheritance</td>
- <td>Boolean (true, false)</td>
- <td>
- Setting this option to 'true' causes FOP to use an alternative rule set to determine
- text indents specified through margins, start-indent and end-indent. Many commercial
- FO implementations have chosen to break the XSL specification in this aspect. This
- option tries to mimic their behaviour. Please note that Apache FOP may still not
- behave exactly like those implementations either because FOP has not fully matched
- the desired behaviour and because the behaviour among the commercial implementations
- varies. The default for this option (i.e. false) is to behave exactly like the
- specification describes.</td>
- <td>false</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>complex-scripts</td>
- <td>attribute disabled (optional)</td>
- <td>
- If present and if an attribute 'disabled' is specified with the value 'false', then
- complex script features are disabled. The same result can be obtained on an FOP
- per-invocation basis by specifying a '-nocs' command line option when invoking FOP.
- When complex script features are disabled, all bidirectional processing and complex
- character to glyph mapping processing is disabled; in addition, the loading of
- GDEF, GSUB, and GPOS advanced typographic tables is disabled for OpenType and
- TrueType fonts. Unless disabled by this mechanism or by use of the '-nocs' command
- line option, complex script features will be enabled by default.
- </td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>default-page-settings</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- <td>
- Specifies the default width and height of a page if "auto" is specified
- for either or both values. Use "height" and "width" attributes on the
- default-page-settings element to specify the two values.</td>
- <td>"height" 11 inches, "width" 8.26 inches</td>
- </tr>
- <!-- Disabled: no simultaneous Renderer and IF implementations at the moment
- <tr>
- <td>prefer-renderer</td>
- <td>boolean (true, false)</td>
- <td>
- By default, FOP prefers the newer output implementations based on the
- <code>IFDocumentHandler</code> interface. If no such implementation can be found for
- a given MIME type, it looks for an implementation of the <code>Renderer</code> interface.
- If necessary, you can invert the lookup order to prefer the Renderer variant over the
- IFDocumentHandler variant by setting this value to true.
- </td>
- <td>false</td>
- </tr>
- -->
- <tr>
- <td>use-cache</td>
- <td>boolean (true, false)</td>
- <td>All fonts information that has been gathered as a result of "directory"
- or "auto-detect" font configurations will be cached for future rendering runs.
- This setting should improve performance on systems where
- fonts have been configured using the "directory" or "auto-detect" tag mechanisms.
- By default this option is switched on.</td>
- <td>true</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>cache-file</td>
- <td>String</td>
- <td>This option specifies the file/directory path of the fop cache file.
- This file is currently only used to cache font triplet information for future reference.</td>
- <td>${base}/conf/fop.cache</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>renderers</td>
- <td>(see text below)</td>
- <td>Contains the configuration for each renderer. See below.</td>
- <td>N/A</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- This is an excerpt from the example configuration file coming with FOP:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fop version="1.0">
-
- <!-- Strict user configuration -->
- <strict-configuration>true</strict-configuration>
-
- <!-- Strict FO validation -->
- <strict-validation>true</strict-validation>
-
- <!-- Base URL for resolving relative URLs -->
- <base>./</base>
-
- <!-- Font Base URL for resolving relative font URLs -->
- <font-base>./</font-base>
-
- <!-- Source resolution in dpi (dots/pixels per inch) for determining the size of pixels in SVG and bitmap images, default: 72dpi -->
- <source-resolution>72</source-resolution>
- <!-- Target resolution in dpi (dots/pixels per inch) for specifying the target resolution for generated bitmaps, default: 72dpi -->
- <target-resolution>72</target-resolution>
-
- <!-- default page-height and page-width, in case
- value is specified as auto -->
- <default-page-settings height="11in" width="8.26in"/>
-
- <!-- Use file name nl_Bel instead of the default nl_BE -->
- <hyphenation-pattern lang="nl" country="BE">nl_Bel</hyphenation-pattern>
-
- <!-- etc. etc..... -->
-</fop>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="image-loading">
- <title>Image Loading Customization</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP uses the image loading framework from
- <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/">Apache XML Graphics Commons</a> to load
- images using various plug-ins. Every image loader plug-in has a hard-coded usage penalty
- that influences which solution is chosen if there are multiple possibilities to load an image.
- Sometimes, though, these penalties need to be tweaked and this can be done in the FOP
- configuration. An example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[<fop version="1.0">
- [..]
- <image-loading>
- <penalty value="10000"
- class="org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.impl.ImageLoaderRawCCITTFax"/>
- <penalty value="INFINITE"
- class="org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.impl.ImageLoaderInternalTIFF"/>
- </image-loading>
- <renderers....
-</fop>]]></source>
- <p>
- The first penalty element increases the penalty for the raw CCITT loader. This practically
- forces the decoding of CCITT compressed TIFF images except if there are no TIFF codecs
- available.
- </p>
- <p>
- The second penalty element sets an "infinite" penalty for the TIFF loader using the internal
- TIFF codec. This practically disables that plug-in as it will never be chosen as a possible
- solution.
- </p>
- <p>
- Negative penalties are possible to promote a plug-in but a negative penalty sum will be
- treated as zero penalty in most cases. For more details on the image loading framework,
- please consult the documentation there.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="renderers">
- <title>Renderer configuration</title>
- <p>
- Each Renderer has its own configuration section which is identified by the
- MIME type the Renderer is written for, ex. "application/pdf" for the PDF Renderer.
- </p>
- <p>
- The configuration for the PDF Renderer could look like this:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderers>
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <filterList>
- <!-- provides compression using zlib flate (default is on) -->
- <value>flate</value>
- </filterList>
- <fonts>
- <font metrics-url="arial.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arial.ttf">
- <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
- <font metrics-url="arialb.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arialb.ttf">
- <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- </font>
- </fonts>
- </renderer>
-
- <renderer mime="application/postscript">
- <!-- etc. etc..... -->]]></source>
- <p>
- The details on the font configuration can be found on the separate <a href="fonts.html">Fonts</a> page.
- Note especially the section entitled <a href="fonts.html#register">Register Fonts with FOP</a>.
- </p>
- <section id="pdf-renderer">
- <title>Special Settings for the PDF Renderer</title>
- <p>
- The configuration element for the PDF renderer contains two elements. One is for the font configuration
- (please follow the link above) and one is for the "filter list". The filter list controls how the
- individual objects in a PDF file are encoded. By default, all objects get "flate" encoded (i.e. simply
- compressed with the same algorithm that is also used in ZIP files). Most users don't need to change that
- setting. For debugging purposes, it may be desired not to compress the internal objects at all so the
- generated PDF commands can be read. In that case, you can simply use the following filter list. The
- second filter list (type="image") ensures that all images still get compressed but also ASCII-85 encoded
- so the produced PDF file is still easily readable in a text editor.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <filterList>
- <value>null</value>
- </filterList>
- <filterList type="image">
- <value>flate</value>
- <value>ascii-85</value>
- </filterList>
-
- <fonts....
- </renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- Another (optional) setting specific to the PDF Renderer is an output color profile, an ICC
- color profile which indicates the target color space the PDF file is generated for. This
- setting is mainly used in conjunction with the <a href="pdfx.html">PDF/X</a> feature.
- An example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <filterList...
-
- <output-profile>C:\FOP\Color\EuropeISOCoatedFOGRA27.icc</output-profile>
-
- <fonts....
- </renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- Some people don't have high requirements on color fidelity but instead want the smallest
- PDF file sizes possible. In this case it's possible to disable the default sRGB color space
- which XSL-FO requires. This will cause RGB colors to be generated as device-specific RGB.
- Please note that this option is unavailable (and will cause an error) if you enable
- PDF/A or PDF/X functionality or if you specify an output profile. This setting will make the
- PDF about 4KB smaller. To disable the sRGB color space add the following setting:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <filterList...
-
- <disable-srgb-colorspace>true</disable-srgb-colorspace>
-
- <fonts....
- </renderer>]]></source>
-
- <p>FOP supports encryption of PDF output, thanks to Patrick C. Lankswert.
- This feature is commonly used to prevent unauthorized viewing, printing, editing, copying text
- from the document and doing annotations. It is also possible to ask the user for a password in
- order to view the contents. Note that there already exist third party applications which can
- decrypt an encrypted PDF without effort and allow the aforementioned operations, therefore the
- degree of protection is limited. For further information about features and restrictions
- regarding PDF encryption, look at the documentation coming with Adobe Acrobat or the technical
- documentation on the Adobe web site.</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <encryption-params>
- <encryption-length>128</encryption-length>
- <user-password>testuserpass</user-password>
- <owner-password>testownerpass</owner-password>
- <noprint/>
- <nocopy/>
- <noedit/>
- <noannotations/>
- <nofillinforms/>
- <noaccesscontent/>
- <noassembledoc/>
- <noprinthq/>
- </encryption-params>
- </renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- By default FOP produces PDF files of version 1.4, but this can be changed in order to benefit
- from features that appeared in newer versions of PDF. At the moment, only a few features from
- PDF 1.5 have been implemented, but the configuration element will accept any value between
- 1.4 and 1.7. This is the value that will appear in the PDF header, although only features up
- to 1.5 will actually be used.
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <version>1.5</version>
- <!-- Versions 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7 are accepted, all other values are invalid -->
- </renderer>]]></source>
- </p>
-
- </section>
- <section id="ps-renderer">
- <title>Special Settings for the PostScript Renderer</title>
- <p>
- Besides the normal font configuration (the same "fonts" element as for the PDF renderer) the PostScript
- renderer has an additional setting to force landscape pages to be rotated to fit on a page inserted into
- the printer in portrait mode. Set the value to "true" to activate this feature. The default is "false".
- Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer mime="application/postscript">
- <auto-rotate-landscape>true</auto-rotate-landscape>
-
- <fonts>
- <font metrics-url="arial.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arial.ttf">
- <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
- <font metrics-url="arialb.xml" kerning="yes" embed-url="arialb.ttf">
- <font-triplet name="Arial" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="ArialMT" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- </font>
- </fonts>
- </renderer>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-renderer">
- <title>Special Settings for the PCL Renderer</title>
- <p>
- Non-standard fonts for the PCL renderer are made available through the Java2D subsystem which means that
- you don't have to do any custom font configuration in this case but you have to use the font names
- offered by Java.
- </p>
- <p>
- Additionally, there are certain settings that control how the renderer handles various elements.
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-pcl">
- <rendering>quality</rendering>
- <text-rendering>bitmap</text-rendering>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the "rendering" setting is "speed" which causes borders
- to be painted as plain rectangles. In this mode, no special borders (dotted,
- dashed etc.) are available. If you want support for all border modes, set the
- value to "quality" as indicated above. This will cause the borders to be painted
- as bitmaps.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "text-rendering" setting is "auto" which paints the
- base fonts using PCL fonts. Non-base fonts are painted as bitmaps through Java2D.
- If the mix of painting methods results in unwelcome output, you can set this
- to "bitmap" which causes all text to be rendered as bitmaps.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-renderer">
- <title>Special Settings for the AFP Renderer</title>
- <p>
- </p>
- <p>
- Additionally, there are certain settings that control how the renderer handles various elements.
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-afp">
- <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" native="true"/>
- <renderer-resolution>240</renderer-resolution>
- <line-width-correction>2.5</line-width-correction>
-
- <!-- a default external resource group file -->
- <resource-group-file>resources.afp</resource-group-file>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the images "mode" setting is "b+w" (black and white). When the images "mode" setting is "b+w" a "bits-per-pixel" setting can be provided to aid the grayscale conversion process. With this setting all images referenced in your source document are converted to an IOCA FS45 grayscale bitmap image form.
- When the setting is "color" all images are converted to an IOCA FS45 color bitmap image form. When "native" setting is "true", all images encountered (TIFF, GIF, JPEG and Encapsulated Postscript etc.) will be embedded directly in the datastream in their native form using a MO:DCA Object Container.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "renderer-resolution" is 240 dpi.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default line width is device dependent and may need to be fine tuned so that the output matches the expected result. The default correction value is 2.5.
- </p>
- <!--
- <p>
- The default value for the MO:DCA "interchange-set" is "MO:DCA-L". Other compliance settings include presentation interchange sets "MO:DCA-P IS/1" and "MO:DCA-P IS/2" (Resource Groups).
- </p>
- -->
- <p>
- By default if there is no configuration definition for "resource-group-file", external resources will be placed in a file called resources.afp.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
-
- <section>
- <title>When it does not work</title>
-
- <p>FOP searches the configuration file for the information it
-expects, at the position it expects. When that information is not
-present, FOP will not complain, it will just continue. When there is
-other information in the file, FOP will not complain, it will just
-ignore it. That means that when your configuration information is in
-the file but in a different XML element, or in a different XML path,
-than FOP expects, it will be silently ignored.</p>
-
- <p>Check the following possibilities:</p>
-
- <ul>
- <li>The format of the configuration file has changed
-considerably between FOP 0.20.5 and FOP 1.0 and its beta versions. Did
-you convert your file to the new format?</li>
-
- <li>The FOP distribution contains a schema for configuration
-files, at src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd. Did you validate your
-configuration file against it? Add the following schema location to
-the <code>schema</code> element:
-
-<source><![CDATA[<fop
-xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation=
-"http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd?view=co">]]>
-</source>
-
-and run the configuration file through a validating schema
-parser. Note that the schema cannot detect all errors, and that it is
-stricter about the order of some elements than FOP itself is.</li>
-
- <li>Run FOP in debug mode (command line option
-<code>-d</code>). This makes FOP report which configuration
-information it finds. Check if FOP finds what you expect.</li>
-
- </ul>
-
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<!-- Embedding FOP -->
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Embedding</title>
- <subtitle>How to Embed FOP in a Java application</subtitle>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
-
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- Review <a href="running.html">Running Apache™ FOP</a> for important information that applies
- to embedded applications as well as command-line use, such as options and performance.
- </p>
- <p>
- To embed Apache™ FOP in your application, first create a new
- org.apache.fop.apps.FopFactory instance. This object can be used to launch multiple
- rendering runs. For each run, create a new org.apache.fop.apps.Fop instance through
- one of the factory methods of FopFactory. In the method call you specify which output
- format (i.e. MIME type) to use and, if the selected output format requires an
- OutputStream, which OutputStream to use for the results of the rendering. You can
- customize FOP's behaviour in a rendering run by supplying your own FOUserAgent
- instance. The FOUserAgent can, for example, be used to set your own document handler
- instance (details below). Finally, you retrieve a SAX DefaultHandler instance from
- the Fop object and use that as the SAXResult of your transformation.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="API">
- <title>The API</title>
- <p>
- FOP has many classes which express the "public" access modifier, however, this is not
- indicative of their inclusion into the public API. Every attempt will be made to keep the
- public API static, to minimize regressions for existing users, however, since the API is not
- clearly defined, the list of classes below are the generally agreed public API:
- <source><![CDATA[
-org.apache.fop.apps.*
-org.apache.fop.fo.FOEventHandler
-org.apache.fop.fo.ElementMappingRegistry
-org.apache.fop.fonts.FontManager
-org.apache.fop.events.EventListener
-org.apache.fop.events.Event
-org.apache.fop.events.model.EventSeverity
-org.apache.fop.render.ImageHandlerRegistry
-org.apache.fop.render.RendererFactory
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFContext
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFException
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFParser
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFSerializer
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFUtil
-org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.util.IFConcatenator]]></source>
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="basics">
- <title>Basic Usage Pattern</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP relies heavily on JAXP. It uses SAX events exclusively to receive the XSL-FO
- input document. It is therefore a good idea that you know a few things about JAXP (which
- is a good skill anyway). Let's look at the basic usage pattern for FOP...
- </p>
- <p>Here is the basic pattern to render an XSL-FO file to PDF:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-import org.apache.fop.apps.FopFactory;
-import org.apache.fop.apps.Fop;
-import org.apache.fop.apps.MimeConstants;
-
-/*..*/
-
-// Step 1: Construct a FopFactory
-// (reuse if you plan to render multiple documents!)
-FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-
-// Step 2: Set up output stream.
-// Note: Using BufferedOutputStream for performance reasons (helpful with FileOutputStreams).
-OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:/Temp/myfile.pdf")));
-
-try {
- // Step 3: Construct fop with desired output format
- Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, out);
-
- // Step 4: Setup JAXP using identity transformer
- TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
- Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(); // identity transformer
-
- // Step 5: Setup input and output for XSLT transformation
- // Setup input stream
- Source src = new StreamSource(new File("C:/Temp/myfile.fo"));
-
- // Resulting SAX events (the generated FO) must be piped through to FOP
- Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
-
- // Step 6: Start XSLT transformation and FOP processing
- transformer.transform(src, res);
-
-} finally {
- //Clean-up
- out.close();
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- Let's discuss these 5 steps in detail:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 1:</strong> You create a new FopFactory instance. The FopFactory instance holds
- references to configuration information and cached data. It's important to reuse this
- instance if you plan to render multiple documents during a JVM's lifetime.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 2:</strong> You set up an OutputStream that the generated document
- will be written to. It's a good idea to buffer the OutputStream as demonstrated
- to improve performance.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 3:</strong> You create a new Fop instance through one of the factory
- methods on the FopFactory. You tell the FopFactory what your desired output format
- is. This is done by using the MIME type of the desired output format (ex. "application/pdf").
- You can use one of the MimeConstants.* constants. The second parameter is the
- OutputStream you've setup up in step 2.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 4</strong> We recommend that you use JAXP Transformers even
- if you don't do XSLT transformations to generate the XSL-FO file. This way
- you can always use the same basic pattern. The example here sets up an
- "identity transformer" which just passes the input (Source) unchanged to the
- output (Result). You don't have to work with a SAXParser if you don't do any
- XSLT transformations.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 5:</strong> Here you set up the input and output for the XSLT
- transformation. The Source object is set up to load the "myfile.fo" file.
- The Result is set up so the output of the XSLT transformation is sent to FOP.
- The FO file is sent to FOP in the form of SAX events which is the most efficient
- way. Please always avoid saving intermediate results to a file or a memory buffer
- because that affects performance negatively.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Step 6:</strong> Finally, we start the XSLT transformation by starting
- the JAXP Transformer. As soon as the JAXP Transformer starts to send its output
- to FOP, FOP itself starts its processing in the background. When the
- <code>transform()</code> method returns FOP will also have finished converting
- the FO file to a PDF file and you can close the OutputStream.
- <note label="Tip!">
- It's a good idea to enclose the whole conversion in a try..finally statement. If
- you close the OutputStream in the finally section, this will make sure that the
- OutputStream is properly closed even if an exception occurs during the conversion.
- </note>
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- If you're not totally familiar with JAXP Transformers, please have a look at the
- <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> below. The section contains examples
- for all sorts of use cases. If you look at all of them in turn you should be able
- to see the patterns in use and the flexibility this approach offers without adding
- too much complexity.
- </p>
- <p>
- This may look complicated at first, but it's really just the combination of an
- XSL transformation and a FOP run. It's also easy to comment out the FOP part
- for debugging purposes, for example when you're tracking down a bug in your
- stylesheet. You can easily write the XSL-FO output from the XSL transformation
- to a file to check if that part generates the expected output. An example for that
- can be found in the <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> (See "ExampleXML2FO").
- </p>
- <section id="basic-logging">
- <title>Logging</title>
- <p>
- Logging is now a little different than it was in FOP 0.20.5. We've switched from
- Avalon Logging to <a href="ext:commons-logging">Jakarta Commons Logging</a>.
- While with Avalon Logging the loggers were directly given to FOP, FOP now retrieves
- its logger(s) through a statically available LogFactory. This is similar to the
- general pattern that you use when you work with Apache Log4J directly, for example.
- We call this "static logging" (Commons Logging, Log4J) as opposed to "instance logging"
- (Avalon Logging). This has a consequence: You can't give FOP a logger for each
- processing run anymore. The log output of multiple, simultaneously running FOP instances
- is sent to the same logger.
- </p>
- <p>
- By default, <a href="ext:commons-logging">Jakarta Commons Logging</a> uses
- JDK logging (available in JDKs 1.4 or higher) as its backend. You can configure Commons
- Logging to use an alternative backend, for example Log4J. Please consult the
- <a href="ext:commons-logging">documentation for Jakarta Commons Logging</a> on
- how to configure alternative backends.
- </p>
- <p>
- As a result of the above we differentiate between two kinds of "logging":
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>(FOP-)Developer-oriented logging</li>
- <li><a href="events.html">User/Integrator-oriented feedback</a> (NEW!)</li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- The use of "feedback" instead of "logging" is intentional. Most people were using
- log output as a means to get feedback from events within FOP. Therefore, FOP now
- includes an <code>event</code> package which can be used to receive feedback from
- the layout engine and other components within FOP <strong>per rendering run</strong>.
- This feedback is not just some
- text but event objects with parameters so these events can be interpreted by code.
- Of course, there is a facility to turn these events into normal human-readable
- messages. For details, please read on on the <a href="events.html">Events page</a>.
- This leaves normal logging to be mostly a thing used by the FOP developers
- although anyone can surely activate certain logging categories but the feedback
- from the loggers won't be separated by processing runs. If this is required,
- the <a href="events.html">Events subsystem</a> is the right approach.
- </p>
- </section>
-
- <section id="render">
- <title>Processing XSL-FO</title>
- <p>
- Once the Fop instance is set up, call <code>getDefaultHandler()</code> to obtain a SAX
- DefaultHandler instance to which you can send the SAX events making up the XSL-FO
- document you'd like to render. FOP processing starts as soon as the DefaultHandler's
- <code>startDocument()</code> method is called. Processing stops again when the
- DefaultHandler's <code>endDocument()</code> method is called. Please refer to the basic
- usage pattern shown above to render a simple XSL-FO document.
- </p>
- </section>
-
- <section id="render-with-xslt">
- <title>Processing XSL-FO generated from XML+XSLT</title>
- <p>
- If you want to process XSL-FO generated from XML using XSLT we recommend
- again using standard JAXP to do the XSLT part and piping the generated SAX
- events directly through to FOP. The only thing you'd change to do that
- on the basic usage pattern above is to set up the Transformer differently:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- //without XSLT:
- //Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(); // identity transformer
-
- //with XSLT:
- Source xslt = new StreamSource(new File("mystylesheet.xsl"));
- Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(xslt);]]></source>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="input">
- <title>Input Sources</title>
- <p>
- The input XSL-FO document is always received by FOP as a SAX stream (see the
- <a href="../dev/design/parsing.html">Parsing Design Document</a> for the rationale).
- </p>
- <p>
- However, you may not always have your input document available as a SAX stream.
- But with JAXP it's easy to convert different input sources to a SAX stream so you
- can pipe it into FOP. That sounds more difficult than it is. You simply have
- to set up the right Source instance as input for the JAXP transformation.
- A few examples:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <strong>URL:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource("http://localhost:8080/testfile.xml");</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>File:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new File("C:/Temp/myinputfile.xml"));</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>String:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new StringReader(myString)); // myString is a String</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>InputStream:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new MyInputStream(something));</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Byte Array:</strong> <code>Source src = new StreamSource(new ByteArrayInputStream(myBuffer)); // myBuffer is a byte[] here</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>DOM:</strong> <code>Source src = new DOMSource(myDocument); // myDocument is a Document or a Node</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong>Java Objects:</strong> Please have a look at the <a href="#examples">Embedding examples</a> which contain an example for this.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- There are a variety of upstream data manipulations possible.
- For example, you may have a DOM and an XSL stylesheet; or you may want to
- set variables in the stylesheet. Interface documentation and some cookbook
- solutions to these situations are provided in
- <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/usagepatterns.html">Xalan Basic Usage Patterns</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="config-internal">
- <title>Configuring Apache FOP Programmatically</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP provides two levels on which you can customize FOP's
- behaviour: the FopFactory and the user agent.
- </p>
- <section id="fop-factory">
- <title>Customizing the FopFactory</title>
- <p>
- The FopFactory holds configuration data and references to objects which are reusable over
- multiple rendering runs. It's important to instantiate it only once (except in special
- environments) and reuse it every time to create new FOUserAgent and Fop instances.
- </p>
- <p>
- You can set all sorts of things on the FopFactory:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <p>
- The <strong>font base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs for fonts. Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.getFontManager().setFontBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/fonts");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- The <strong>hyphenation base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs for
- hyphenation patterns. Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.setHyphenBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/hyph");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Disable <strong>strict validation</strong>. When disabled FOP is less strict about the rules
- established by the XSL-FO specification. Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.setStrictValidation(false);</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Enable an <strong>alternative set of rules for text indents</strong> that tries to mimic the behaviour of many commercial
- FO implementations, that chose to break the specification in this respect. The default of this option is
- 'false', which causes Apache FOP to behave exactly as described in the specification. To enable the
- alternative behaviour, call:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.setBreakIndentInheritanceOnReferenceAreaBoundary(true);</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>source resolution</strong> for the document. This is used internally to determine the pixel
- size for SVG images and bitmap images without resolution information. Default: 72 dpi. Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.setSourceResolution(96); // =96dpi (dots/pixels per Inch)</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Manually add an <strong>ElementMapping instance</strong>. If you want to supply a special FOP extension
- you can give the instance to the FOUserAgent. Normally, the FOP extensions can be automatically detected
- (see the documentation on extension for more info). Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.addElementMapping(myElementMapping); // myElementMapping is a org.apache.fop.fo.ElementMapping</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set a <strong>URIResolver</strong> for custom URI resolution. By supplying a JAXP URIResolver you can add
- custom URI resolution functionality to FOP. For example, you can use
- <a href="ext:xml.apache.org/commons/resolver">Apache XML Commons Resolver</a> to make use of XCatalogs. Example:
- </p>
- <source>fopFactory.setURIResolver(myResolver); // myResolver is a javax.xml.transform.URIResolver</source>
- <note>
- Both the FopFactory and the FOUserAgent have a method to set a URIResolver. The URIResolver on the FopFactory
- is primarily used to resolve URIs on factory-level (hyphenation patterns, for example) and it is always used
- if no other URIResolver (for example on the FOUserAgent) resolved the URI first.
- </note>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="user-agent">
- <title>Customizing the User Agent</title>
- <p>
- The user agent is the entity that allows you to interact with a single rendering run, i.e. the processing of a single
- document. If you wish to customize the user agent's behaviour, the first step is to create your own instance
- of FOUserAgent using the appropriate factory method on FopFactory and pass that
- to the factory method that will create a new Fop instance:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance(); // Reuse the FopFactory if possible!
- // do the following for each new rendering run
- FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
- // customize userAgent
- Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_POSTSCRIPT, userAgent, out);]]></source>
- <p>
- You can do all sorts of things on the user agent:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <p>
- The <strong>base URL</strong> to use when resolving relative URLs. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setBaseURL("file:///C:/Temp/");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>producer</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. The default producer is "Apache FOP". Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setProducer("MyKillerApplication");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>creating user</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setCreator("John Doe");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>author</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setAuthor("John Doe");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Override the <strong>creation date and time</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setCreationDate(new Date());</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>title</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setTitle("Invoice No 138716847");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>keywords</strong> of the document. This is metadata information that can be used for certain output formats such as PDF. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setKeywords("XML XSL-FO");</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set the <strong>target resolution</strong> for the document. This is used to
- specify the output resolution for bitmap images generated by bitmap renderers
- (such as the TIFF renderer) and by bitmaps generated by Apache Batik for filter
- effects and such. Default: 72 dpi. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setTargetResolution(300); // =300dpi (dots/pixels per Inch)</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set <strong>your own Document Handler</strong>. This feature can be used for several purposes, the most likey usage of which would probably be
- binding a MIME type when the output is Intermediate Format (see <a href="#documenthandlers">Document Handlers</a>). This also allows advanced
- users to create their own implementation of the document handler.
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setDocumentHandlerOverride(documentHandler) // documentHandler is an instance of org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set <strong>your own FOEventHandler instance</strong>. If you want to supply your own FOEventHandler or
- configure an FOEventHandler subclass in a special way you can give the instance to the FOUserAgent. Normally,
- the FOEventHandler instance is created by FOP. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setFOEventHandlerOverride(myFOEventHandler); // myFOEventHandler is an org.apache.fop.fo.FOEventHandler</source>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Set a <strong>URIResolver</strong> for custom URI resolution. By supplying a JAXP URIResolver you can add
- custom URI resolution functionality to FOP. For example, you can use
- <a href="ext:xml.apache.org/commons/resolver">Apache XML Commons Resolver</a> to make use of XCatalogs. Example:
- </p>
- <source>userAgent.setURIResolver(myResolver); // myResolver is a javax.xml.transform.URIResolver</source>
- <note>
- Both the FopFactory and the FOUserAgent have a method to set a URIResolver. The URIResolver on the FOUserAgent is
- used for resolving URIs which are document-related. If it's not set or cannot resolve a URI, the URIResolver
- from the FopFactory is used.
- </note>
- </li>
- </ul>
- <note>
- You should not reuse an FOUserAgent instance between FOP rendering runs although you can. Especially
- in multi-threaded environment, this is a bad idea.
- </note>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="config-external">
- <title>Using a Configuration File</title>
- <p>
- Instead of setting the parameters manually in code as shown above you can also set
- many values from an XML configuration file:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration;
-import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.DefaultConfigurationBuilder;
-
-/*..*/
-
-DefaultConfigurationBuilder cfgBuilder = new DefaultConfigurationBuilder();
-Configuration cfg = cfgBuilder.buildFromFile(new File("C:/Temp/mycfg.xml"));
-fopFactory.setUserConfig(cfg);
-
-/* ..or.. */
-
-fopFactory.setUserConfig(new File("C:/Temp/mycfg.xml"));]]></source>
- <p>
- The layout of the configuration file is described on the <a href="configuration.html">Configuration page</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="documenthandlers">
- <title>Document Handlers</title>
- <p>
- The document handlers are classes that inherit from <code>org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.IFDocumentHandler</code>. This
- is an interface for which a MIME type specific implementation can be created. This same handler is used either when XSL-FO
- is used as the input or when Intermediate Format is used. Since IF is output format agnostic, if custom fonts or other
- configuration information that affect layout (specific to a particular MIME type) are given then FOP needs that contextual
- information. The document handler provides that context so that when the IF is rendered, it is more visually consistent with
- FO rendering. The code below shows an example of how a document handler can be used to provide PDF configuration data to the
- IFSerializer.
- <source><![CDATA[
-IFDocumentHandler targetHandler = userAgent.getRendererFactory().createDocumentHandler(userAgent, MimeConstants.MIME_PDF);
-
-IFSerializer ifSerializer = new IFSerializer(); //Create the IFSerializer to write the intermediate format
-ifSerializer.setContext(new IFContext(userAgent));
-ifSerializer.mimicDocumentHandler(targetHandler); //Tell the IFSerializer to mimic the target format
-
-userAgent.setDocumentHandlerOverride(ifSerializer); //Make sure the prepared document handler is used
- ]]></source>
- The rest of the code is the same as in <a href="#basics">Basic Usage Patterns</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="hints">
- <title>Hints</title>
- <section id="object-reuse">
- <title>Object reuse</title>
- <p>
- Fop instances shouldn't (and can't) be reused. Please recreate
- Fop and FOUserAgent instances for each rendering run using the FopFactory.
- This is a cheap operation as all reusable information is held in the
- FopFactory. That's why it's so important to reuse the FopFactory instance.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="awt">
- <title>AWT issues</title>
- <p>
- If your XSL-FO files contain SVG then Apache Batik will be used. When Batik is
- initialised it uses certain classes in <code>java.awt</code> that
- intialise the Java AWT classes. This means that a daemon thread
- is created by the JVM and on Unix it will need to connect to a
- DISPLAY.
- </p>
- <p>
- The thread means that the Java application may not automatically quit
- when finished, you will need to call <code>System.exit()</code>. These
- issues should be fixed in the JDK 1.4.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you run into trouble running FOP on a head-less server, please see the
- <a href="graphics.html#batik">notes on Batik</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="render-info">
- <title>Getting information on the rendering process</title>
- <p>
- To get the number of pages that were rendered by FOP you can call
- <code>Fop.getResults()</code>. This returns a <code>FormattingResults</code> object
- where you can look up the number of pages produced. It also gives you the
- page-sequences that were produced along with their id attribute and their
- numbers of pages. This is particularly useful if you render multiple
- documents (each enclosed by a page-sequence) and have to know the number of
- pages of each document.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="performance">
- <title>Improving performance</title>
- <p>
- There are several options to consider:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Whenever possible, try to use SAX to couple the individual components involved
- (parser, XSL transformer, SQL datasource etc.).
- </li>
- <li>
- Depending on the target OutputStream (in case of a FileOutputStream, but not
- for a ByteArrayOutputStream, for example) it may improve performance considerably
- if you buffer the OutputStream using a BufferedOutputStream:
- <code>out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);</code>
- <br/>
- Make sure you properly close the OutputStream when FOP is finished.
- </li>
- <li>
- Cache the stylesheet. If you use the same stylesheet multiple times
- you can set up a JAXP <code>Templates</code> object and reuse it each time you do
- the XSL transformation. (More information can be found
- <a class="fork" href="http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-05-2003/jw-0502-xsl.html">here</a>.)
- </li>
- <li>
- Use an XSLT compiler like <a class="fork" href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/xsltc_usage.html">XSLTC</a>
- that comes with Xalan-J.
- </li>
- <li>
- Fine-tune your stylesheet to make the XSLT process more efficient and to create XSL-FO that can
- be processed by FOP more efficiently. Less is more: Try to make use of property inheritance where possible.
- </li>
- <li>
- You may also wish to consider trying to reduce <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/trunk/running.html#memory">memory usage</a>.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="multithreading">
- <title>Multithreading FOP</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP may currently not be completely thread safe.
- The code has not been fully tested for multi-threading issues, yet.
- If you encounter any suspicious behaviour, please notify us.
- </p>
- <p>
- There is also a known issue with fonts being jumbled between threads when using
- the Java2D/AWT renderer (which is used by the -awt and -print output options).
- In general, you cannot safely run multiple threads through the AWT renderer.
- </p>
- </section>
-<section id="examples">
- <title>Examples</title>
- <p>
- The directory "{fop-dir}/examples/embedding" contains several working examples.
- </p>
- <section id="ExampleFO2PDF">
- <title>ExampleFO2PDF.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleFO2PDF.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-demonstrates the basic usage pattern to transform an XSL-FO
-file to PDF using FOP.
- </p>
- <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleFO2PDF.png" alt="Example XSL-FO to PDF"/>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleXML2FO">
- <title>ExampleXML2FO.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleXML2FO.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-has nothing to do with FOP. It is there to show you how an XML
-file can be converted to XSL-FO using XSLT. The JAXP API is used to do the
-transformation. Make sure you've got a JAXP-compliant XSLT processor in your
-classpath (ex. <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j">Xalan</a>).
- </p>
- <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleXML2FO.png" alt="Example XML to XSL-FO"/>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleXML2PDF">
- <title>ExampleXML2PDF.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleXML2PDF.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-demonstrates how you can convert an arbitrary XML file to PDF
-using XSLT and XSL-FO/FOP. It is a combination of the first two examples
-above. The example uses JAXP to transform the XML file to XSL-FO and FOP to
-transform the XSL-FO to PDF.
- </p>
- <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleXML2PDF.png" alt="Example XML to PDF (via XSL-FO)"/>
- <p>
-The output (XSL-FO) from the XSL transformation is piped through to FOP using
-SAX events. This is the most efficient way to do this because the
-intermediate result doesn't have to be saved somewhere. Often, novice users
-save the intermediate result in a file, a byte array or a DOM tree. We
-strongly discourage you to do this if it isn't absolutely necessary. The
-performance is significantly higher with SAX.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleObj2XML">
- <title>ExampleObj2XML.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleObj2XML.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-is a preparatory example for the next one. It's an example that
-shows how an arbitrary Java object can be converted to XML. It's an often
-needed task to do this. Often people create a DOM tree from a Java object and
-use that. This is pretty straightforward. The example here, however, shows how
-to do this using SAX, which will probably be faster and not even more
-complicated once you know how this works.
- </p>
- <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleObj2XML.png" alt="Example Java object to XML"/>
- <p>
-For this example we've created two classes: ProjectTeam and ProjectMember
-(found in xml-fop/examples/embedding/java/embedding/model). They represent
-the same data structure found in
-xml-fop/examples/embedding/xml/xml/projectteam.xml. We want to serialize to XML a
-project team with several members which exist as Java objects.
-Therefore we created the two classes: ProjectTeamInputSource and
-ProjectTeamXMLReader (in the same place as ProjectTeam above).
- </p>
- <p>
-The XMLReader implementation (regard it as a special kind of XML parser) is
-responsible for creating SAX events from the Java object. The InputSource
-class is only used to hold the ProjectTeam object to be used.
- </p>
- <p>
-Have a look at the source of ExampleObj2XML.java to find out how this is
-used. For more detailed information see other resources on JAXP (ex.
-<a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxp/dist/1.1/docs/tutorial/xslt/3_generate.html">An older JAXP tutorial</a>).
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleObj2PDF">
- <title>ExampleObj2PDF.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleObj2PDF.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-combines the previous and the third to demonstrate
-how you can transform a Java object to a PDF directly in one smooth run
-by generating SAX events from the Java object that get fed to an XSL
-transformation. The result of the transformation is then converted to PDF
-using FOP as before.
- </p>
- <figure src="images/EmbeddingExampleObj2PDF.png" alt="Example Java object to PDF (via XML and XSL-FO)"/>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleDOM2PDF">
- <title>ExampleDOM2PDF.java</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleDOM2PDF.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-has FOP use a DOMSource instead of a StreamSource in order to
-use a DOM tree as input for an XSL transformation.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleSVG2PDF">
- <title>ExampleSVG2PDF.java (PDF Transcoder example)</title>
- <p>This
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/ExampleSVG2PDF.java?view=markup">
- example</a>
-shows the usage of the PDF Transcoder, a sub-application within FOP.
-It is used to generate a PDF document from an SVG file.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="ExampleConcat">
- <title>ExampleConcat.java (IF Concatenation example)</title>
- <p>
-This can be found in the <code>embedding.intermediate</code> package within the
-examples and describes how IF can be concatenated to produce a document. Because
-IF has been through FOPs layout engine, it should be visually consistent with FO
-rendered documents while allowing the user to merge numerous documents together.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="example-notes">
- <title>Final notes</title>
- <p>
-These examples should give you an idea of what's possible. It should be easy
-to adjust these examples to your needs. Also, if you have other examples that you
-think should be added here, please let us know via either the fop-users or fop-dev
-mailing lists. Finally, for more help please send your questions to the fop-users
-mailing list.
- </p>
- </section>
-</section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Events/Processing Feedback</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="introduction">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>
- In versions until 0.20.5, Apache™ FOP used
- <a href="http://excalibur.apache.org/framework/index.html">Avalon-style Logging</a> where
- it was possible to supply a logger per processing run. During the redesign
- the logging infrastructure was switched over to
- <a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging/">Commons Logging</a> which is (like Log4J or
- java.util.logging) a "static" logging framework (the logger is accessed through static
- variables). This made it very difficult in a multi-threaded system to retrieve information
- for a single processing run.
- </p>
- <p>
- With FOP's event subsystem, we'd like to close this gap again and even go further. The
- first point is to realize that we have two kinds of "logging". Firstly, we have the logging
- infrastructure for the (FOP) developer who needs to be able to enable finer log messages
- for certain parts of FOP to track down a certain problem. Secondly, we have the user who
- would like to be informed about missing images, overflowing lines or substituted fonts.
- These messages (or events) are targeted at less technical people and may ideally be
- localized (translated). Furthermore, tool and solution builders would like to integrate
- FOP into their own solutions. For example, an FO editor should be able to point the user
- to the right place where a particular problem occurred while developing a document template.
- Finally, some integrators would like to abort processing if a resource (an image or a font)
- has not been found, while others would simply continue. The event system allows to
- react on these events.
- </p>
- <p>
- On this page, we won't discuss logging as such. We will show how the event subsystem can
- be used for various tasks. We'll first look at the event subsystem from the consumer side.
- Finally, the production of events inside FOP will be discussed (this is mostly interesting
- for FOP developers only).
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="consumer">
- <title>The consumer side</title>
- <p>
- The event subsystem is located in the <code>org.apache.fop.events</code> package and its
- base is the <code>Event</code> class. An instance is created for each event and is sent
- to a set of <code>EventListener</code> instances by the <code>EventBroadcaster</code>.
- An <code>Event</code> contains:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>an event ID,</li>
- <li>a source object (which generated the event),</li>
- <li>a severity level (Info, Warning, Error and Fatal Error) and</li>
- <li>a map of named parameters.</li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- The <code>EventFormatter</code> class can be used to translate the events into
- human-readable, localized messages.
- </p>
- <p>
- A full example of what is shown here can be found in the
- <code>examples/embedding/java/embedding/events</code> directory in the FOP distribution.
- The example can also be accessed
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/events/">via the web</a>.
- </p>
- <section id="write-listener">
- <title>Writing an EventListener</title>
- <p>
- The following code sample shows a very simple EventListener. It basically just sends
- all events to System.out (stdout) or System.err (stderr) depending on the event severity.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[import org.apache.fop.events.Event;
-import org.apache.fop.events.EventFormatter;
-import org.apache.fop.events.EventListener;
-import org.apache.fop.events.model.EventSeverity;
-
-/** A simple event listener that writes the events to stdout and stderr. */
-public class SysOutEventListener implements EventListener {
-
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- public void processEvent(Event event) {
- String msg = EventFormatter.format(event);
- EventSeverity severity = event.getSeverity();
- if (severity == EventSeverity.INFO) {
- System.out.println("[INFO ] " + msg);
- } else if (severity == EventSeverity.WARN) {
- System.out.println("[WARN ] " + msg);
- } else if (severity == EventSeverity.ERROR) {
- System.err.println("[ERROR] " + msg);
- } else if (severity == EventSeverity.FATAL) {
- System.err.println("[FATAL] " + msg);
- } else {
- assert false;
- }
- }
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- You can see that for every event the method <code>processEvent</code> of the
- <code>EventListener</code> will be called. Inside this method you can do whatever
- processing you would like including throwing a <code>RuntimeException</code>, if you want
- to abort the current processing run.
- </p>
- <p>
- The code above also shows how you can turn an event into a human-readable, localized
- message that can be presented to a user. The <code>EventFormatter</code> class does
- this for you. It provides additional methods if you'd like to explicitly specify
- the locale.
- </p>
- <p>
- It is possible to gather all events for a whole processing run so they can be
- evaluated afterwards. However, care should be taken about memory consumption since
- the events provide references to objects inside FOP which may themselves have
- references to other objects. So holding on to these objects may mean that whole
- object trees cannot be released!
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="add-listener">
- <title>Adding an EventListener</title>
- <p>
- To register the event listener with FOP, get the <code>EventBroadcaster</code> which
- is associated with the user agent (<code>FOUserAgent</code>) and add it there:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[FOUserAgent foUserAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
-foUserAgent.getEventBroadcaster().addEventListener(new SysOutEventListener());]]></source>
- <p>
- Please note that this is done separately for each processing run, i.e. for each
- new user agent.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="listener-example1">
- <title>An additional listener example</title>
- <p>
- Here's an additional example of an event listener:
- </p>
- <p>
- By default, FOP continues processing even if an image wasn't found. If you have
- more strict requirements and want FOP to stop if an image is not available, you can
- do something like the following in the simplest case:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[public class MyEventListener implements EventListener {
-
- public void processEvent(Event event) {
- if ("org.apache.fop.ResourceEventProducer".equals(
- event.getEventGroupID())) {
- event.setSeverity(EventSeverity.FATAL);
- } else {
- //ignore all other events (or do something of your choice)
- }
- }
-
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- Increasing the event severity to FATAL will signal the event broadcaster to throw
- an exception and stop further processing. In the above case, all resource-related
- events will cause FOP to stop processing.
- </p>
- <p>
- You can also customize the exception to throw (you can may throw a RuntimeException
- or subclass yourself) and/or which event to respond to:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[public class MyEventListener implements EventListener {
-
- public void processEvent(Event event) {
- if ("org.apache.fop.ResourceEventProducer.imageNotFound"
- .equals(event.getEventID())) {
-
- //Get the FileNotFoundException that's part of the event's parameters
- FileNotFoundException fnfe = (FileNotFoundException)event.getParam("fnfe");
-
- throw new RuntimeException(EventFormatter.format(event), fnfe);
- } else {
- //ignore all other events (or do something of your choice)
- }
- }
-
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- This throws a <code>RuntimeException</code> with the <code>FileNotFoundException</code>
- as the cause. Further processing effectively stops in FOP. You can catch the exception
- in your code and react as you see necessary.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="producer">
- <title>The producer side (for FOP developers)</title>
- <p>
- This section is primarily for FOP and FOP plug-in developers. It describes how to use
- the event subsystem for producing events.
- </p>
- <note>
- The event package has been designed in order to be theoretically useful for use cases
- outside FOP. If you think this is interesting independently from FOP, please talk to
- <a href="mailto:fop-dev@xmlgraphics.apache.org">us</a>.
- </note>
- <section id="basic-event-production">
- <title>Producing and sending an event</title>
- <p>
- The basics are very simple. Just instantiate an <code>Event</code> object and fill
- it with the necessary parameters. Then pass it to the <code>EventBroadcaster</code>
- which distributes the events to the interested listeneners. Here's a code example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[Event ev = new Event(this, "complain", EventSeverity.WARN,
- Event.paramsBuilder()
- .param("reason", "I'm tired")
- .param("blah", new Integer(23))
- .build());
-EventBroadcaster broadcaster = [get it from somewhere];
-broadcaster.broadcastEvent(ev);
-]]></source>
- <p>
- The <code>Event.paramsBuilder()</code> is a
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface">fluent interface</a>
- to help with the build-up of the parameters. You could just as well instantiate a
- <code>Map</code> (<code>Map<String, Object></code>) and fill it with values.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="event-producer">
- <title>The EventProducer interface</title>
- <p>
- To simplify event production, the event subsystem provides the <code>EventProducer</code>
- interface. You can create interfaces which extend <code>EventProducer</code>. These
- interfaces will contain one method per event to be generated. By contract, each event
- method must have as its first parameter a parameter named "source" (Type Object) which
- indicates the object that generated the event. After that come an arbitrary number of
- parameters of any type as needed by the event.
- </p>
- <p>
- The event producer interface does not need to have any implementation. The implementation
- is produced at runtime by a dynamic proxy created by <code>DefaultEventBroadcaster</code>.
- The dynamic proxy creates <code>Event</code> instances for each method call against
- the event producer interface. Each parameter (except "source") is added to the event's
- parameter map.
- </p>
- <p>
- To simplify the code needed to get an instance of the event producer interface it is
- suggested to create a public inner provider class inside the interface.
- </p>
- <p>
- Here's an example of such an event producer interface:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[public interface MyEventProducer extends EventProducer {
-
- public class Provider {
-
- public static MyEventProducer get(EventBroadcaster broadcaster) {
- return (MyEventProducer)broadcaster.getEventProducerFor(MyEventProducer.class);
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * Complain about something.
- * @param source the event source
- * @param reason the reason for the complaint
- * @param blah the complaint
- * @event.severity WARN
- */
- void complain(Object source, String reason, int blah);
-
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- To produce the same event as in the first example above, you'd use the following code:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[EventBroadcaster broadcaster = [get it from somewhere];
-TestEventProducer producer = TestEventProducer.Provider.get(broadcaster);
-producer.complain(this, "I'm tired", 23);]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="event-model">
- <title>The event model</title>
- <p>
- Inside an invocation handler for a dynamic proxy, there's no information about
- the names of each parameter. The JVM doesn't provide it. The only thing you know is
- the interface and method name. In order to properly fill the <code>Event</code>'s
- parameter map we need to know the parameter names. These are retrieved from an
- event object model. This is found in the <code>org.apache.fop.events.model</code>
- package. The data for the object model is retrieved from an XML representation of the
- event model that is loaded as a resource. The XML representation is generated using an
- Ant task at build time (<code>ant resourcegen</code>). The Ant task (found in
- <code>src/codegen/java/org/apache/fop/tools/EventProducerCollectorTask.java</code>)
- scans FOP's sources for descendants of the <code>EventProducer</code> interface and
- uses <a href="http://qdox.codehaus.org/">QDox</a> to parse these interfaces.
- </p>
- <p>
- The event model XML files are generated during build by the Ant task mentioned above when
- running the "resourcegen" task. So just run <code>"ant resourcegen"</code> if you receive
- a <code>MissingResourceException</code> at runtime indicating that
- <code>"event-model.xml"</code> is missing.
- </p>
- <p>
- Primarily, the QDox-based collector task records the parameters' names and types.
- Furthermore, it extracts additional attributes embedded as Javadoc comments from
- the methods. At the moment, the only such attribute is "@event.severity" which indicates
- the default event severity (which can be changed by event listeners). The example event
- producer above shows the Javadocs for an event method.
- </p>
- <p>
- There's one more information that is extracted from the event producer information for
- the event model: an optional primary exception. The first exception in the "throws"
- declaration of an event method is noted. It is used to throw an exception from
- the invocation handler if the event has an event severity of "FATAL" when all
- listeners have been called (listeners can update the event severity). Please note
- that an implementation of
- <code>org.apache.fop.events.EventExceptionManager$ExceptionFactory</code> has to be
- registered for the <code>EventExceptionManager</code> to be able to construct the
- exception from an event.
- </p>
- <p>
- For a given application, there can be multiple event models active at the same time.
- In FOP, each renderer is considered to be a plug-in and provides its own specific
- event model. The individual event models are provided through an
- <code>EventModelFactory</code>. This interface is implemented for each event model
- and registered through the service provider mechanism
- (see the <a href="#plug-ins">plug-ins section</a> for details).
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="event-severity">
- <title>Event severity</title>
- <p>
- Four different levels of severity for events has been defined:
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>INFO: informational only</li>
- <li>WARN: a Warning</li>
- <li>ERROR: an error condition from which FOP can recover. FOP will continue processing.</li>
- <li>FATAL: a fatal error which causes an exception in the end and FOP will stop processing.</li>
- </ol>
- <p>
- Event listeners can choose to ignore certain events based on their event severity.
- Please note that you may recieve an event "twice" in a specific case: if there is
- a fatal error an event is generated and sent to the listeners. After that an exception
- is thrown with the same information and processing stops. If the fatal event is
- shown to the user and the following exception is equally presented to the user it
- may appear that the event is duplicated. Of course, the same information is just
- published through two different channels.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="plug-ins">
- <title>Plug-ins to the event subsystem</title>
- <p>
- The event subsystem is extensible. There are a number of extension points:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <strong><code>org.apache.fop.events.model.EventModelFactory</code>:</strong> Provides
- an event model to the event subsystem.
- </li>
- <li>
- <strong><code>org.apache.fop.events.EventExceptionManager$ExceptionFactory</code>:</strong>
- Creates exceptions for events, i.e. turns an event into a specific exception.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- The names in bold above are used as filenames for the service provider files that
- are placed in the <code>META-INF/services</code> directory. That way, they are
- automatically detected. This is a mechanism defined by the
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/jar/jar.html#Service%20Provider">JAR file specification</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="l10n">
- <title>Localization (L10n)</title>
- <p>
- One goal of the event subsystem was to have localized (translated) event messages.
- The <code>EventFormatter</code> class can be used to convert an event to a
- human-readable message. Each <code>EventProducer</code> can provide its own XML-based
- translation file. If there is none, a central translation file is used, called
- "EventFormatter.xml" (found in the same directory as the <code>EventFormatter</code>
- class).
- </p>
- <p>
- The XML format used by the <code>EventFormatter</code> is the same as
- <a href="ext:cocoon">Apache Cocoon's</a> catalog format. Here's an example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<catalogue xml:lang="en">
- <message key="locator">
- [ (See position {loc})| (See {#gatherContextInfo})| (No context info available)]
- </message>
- <message key="org.apache.fop.render.rtf.RTFEventProducer.explicitTableColumnsRequired">
- RTF output requires that all table-columns for a table are defined. Output will be incorrect.{{locator}}
- </message>
- <message key="org.apache.fop.render.rtf.RTFEventProducer.ignoredDeferredEvent">
- Ignored deferred event for {node} ({start,if,start,end}).{{locator}}
- </message>
-</catalogue>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- The example (extracted from the RTF handler's event producer) has message templates for
- two event methods. The class used to do variable replacement in the templates is
- <code>org.apache.fop.util.text.AdvancedMessageFormat</code> which is more powerful
- than the <code>MessageFormat</code> classes provided by the Java class library
- (<code>java.util.text</code> package).
- </p>
- <p>
- "locator" is a template that is reused by the other message templates
- by referencing it through "{{locator}}". This is some kind of include command.
- </p>
- <p>
- Normal event parameters are accessed by name inside single curly braces, for example:
- "{node}". For objects, this format just uses the <code>toString()</code> method to turn
- the object into a string, unless there is an <code>ObjectFormatter</code> registered
- for that type (there's an example for <code>org.xml.sax.Locator</code>).
- </p>
- <p>
- The single curly braces pattern supports additional features. For example, it is possible
- to do this: "{start,if,start,end}". "if" here is a special field modifier that evaluates
- "start" as a boolean and if that is true returns the text right after the second comma
- ("start"). Otherwise it returns the text after the third comma ("end"). The "equals"
- modifier is similar to "if" but it takes as an additional (comma-separated) parameter
- right after the "equals" modifier, a string that is compared to the value of the variable.
- An example: {severity,equals,EventSeverity:FATAL,,some text} (this adds "some text" if
- the severity is not FATAL).
- </p>
- <p>
- Additional such modifiers can be added by implementing the
- <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$Part</code> and <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$PartFactory</code>
- interfaces.
- </p>
- <p>
- Square braces can be used to specify optional template sections. The whole section will
- be omitted if any of the variables used within are unavailable. Pipe (|) characters can
- be used to specify alternative sub-templates (see "locator" above for an example).
- </p>
- <p>
- Developers can also register a function (in the above example:
- <code>{#gatherContextInfo})</code>
- to do more complex information rendering. These functions are implementations of the
- <code>AdvancedMessageFormat$Function</code> interface. Please take care that this is
- done in a locale-independent way as there is no locale information available, yet.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Standard Apache™ FOP Extensions</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <p>
- By "extension", we mean any data that can be placed in the input XML document that
- is not addressed by the XSL-FO standard.
- By having a mechanism for supporting extensions, Apache™ FOP is able to add features that
- are not covered in the specification.
- </p>
- <p>
- The extensions documented here are included with FOP, and are automatically available
- to you. If you wish to add an extension of your own to FOP, please see the
- <a href="../dev/extensions.html">Developers' Extension Page</a>.
- </p>
- <note>All extensions require the correct use of an appropriate namespace in your input document.</note>
- <section id="svg">
- <title>SVG</title>
- <p>
- Please see the <a href="graphics.html#svg">SVG documentation</a> for more details.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="fo-extensions">
- <title>FO Extensions</title>
- <section id="fox-namespace">
- <title>Namespace</title>
- <p>
- By convention, FO extensions in FOP use the "fox" namespace prefix.
- To use any of the FO extensions, add a namespace entry for
- <code>http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions</code> to the root element:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:fox="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions">]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="bookmarks">
- <title>PDF Bookmarks</title>
- <p>
- In old versions of Apache FOP there was a <code>fox:outline</code> element
- which was used to create outlines in PDF files. The redesigned code makes use
- of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl11/#fo_bookmark-tree">bookmark feature defined in the W3C XSL 1.1 standard</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="named-destinations">
- <title>Anchors or Named Destinations</title>
- <p>Use the fox:destination element to define "named destinations" inside a PDF document.
-These are useful as fragment identifiers, e.g. "http://server/document.pdf#anchor-name".
-fox:destination elements can be placed almost anywhere in the fo document, including a child of
-root, a block-level element, or an inline-level element.
-For the destination to actually work, it must correspond to an "id" attribute on some fo element
-within the document. In other words, the "id" attribute actually creates the "view" within the
-PDF document. The fox:destination simply gives that view an independent name.
-</p>
- <source><![CDATA[<fox:destination internal-destination="table-of-contents"/>
-...
-<fo:block id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</fo:block>]]></source>
- <warning>It is possible that in some future release of FOP, <em>all </em>elements with
-"id" attributes will generate named-destinations, which will eliminate the need for
-fox:destination.</warning>
- </section>
- <section id="table-continue-label">
- <title>Table Continuation Label</title>
- <p>This extension element hasn't been reimplemented for the redesigned code, yet.</p>
- <!--p>Use the fox:continued-label element to create content in table-header and
-table-footer cells that will appear only on pages after the first page that the table
-appears. fox:continued-label is itself inline content, and is a container of fo:inline
-content. This content will be laid out only if the table does not fit on a single page and flows
-to following pages. Here is an example of FO code creating such a table-header:</p>
-<source><![CDATA[<fo:table-header>
- <fo:table-row>
- <fo:table-cell>
- <fo:block>Header column 1 with continued label
- <fox:continued-label><fo:inline> (cont.)</fo:inline></fox:continued-label>
- </fo:block>
- </fo:table-cell>
- <fo:table-cell>
- <fo:block>Header column 2 with no continued label</fo:block>
- </fo:table-cell>
- </fo:table-row>
-</fo:table-header>]]></source-->
- </section>
- <section id="widow-orphan-content-limit">
- <title>fox:orphan-content-limit and fox:widow-content-limit</title>
- <p>
- The two proprietary extension properties, fox:orphan-content-limit and
- fox:widow-content-limit, are used to improve the layout of list-blocks and tables.
- If you have a table with many entries, you don't want a single row to be left over
- on a page. You will want to make sure that at least two or three lines are kept
- together. The properties take an absolute length which specifies the area at the
- beginning (fox:widow-content-limit) or at the end (fox:orphan-content-limit) of a
- table or list-block. The properties are inherited and only have an effect on fo:table
- and fo:list-block. An example: fox:widow-content-limit="3 * 1.2em" would make sure
- the you'll have at least three lines (assuming line-height="1.2") together on a table
- or list-block.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="external-document">
- <title>fox:external-document</title>
- <note>
- This feature is incomplete. Support for multi-page documents will be added shortly.
- At the moment, only single-page images will work. And this will not work with RTF output.
- </note>
- <p>
- This is a proprietary extension element which allows to add whole images as pages to
- an FO document. For example, if you have a scanned document or a fax as multi-page TIFF
- file, you can append or insert this document using the <code>fox:external-document</code>
- element. Each page of the external document will create one full page in the target
- format.
- </p>
- <p>
- The <code>fox:external-document</code> element is structurally a peer to
- <code>fo:page-sequence</code>, so wherever you can put an <code>fo:page-sequence</code>
- you could also place a <code>fox:external-document</code>.
- Therefore, the specified contents for <code>fo:root</code> change to:
- </p>
- <p>
- <code>
- (layout-master-set, declarations?, bookmark-tree?, (page-sequence|page-sequence-wrapper|fox:external-document|fox:destination)+)
- </code>
- </p>
- <section>
- <title>Specification</title>
- <p>
- The <code>fox:external-document</code> extension formatting object is used to specify
- how to create a (sub-)sequence of pages within a document. The content of these pages
- comes from the individual subimages/pages of an image or paged document (for example:
- multi-page TIFF in the form of faxes or scanned documents, or PDF files). The
- formatting object creates the necessary areas to display one image per page.
- </p>
- <p>
- In terms of page numbers, the behaviour is the same as for
- <code>fo:page-sequence</code>. The placement of the image inside the page is similar
- to that of <code>fo:external-graphic</code> or <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code>,
- i.e. the viewport (and therefore the page size) is defined by either the intrinsic
- size of the image or by the size properties that apply to this formatting object.
- </p>
- <p>Content: EMPTY</p>
- <p>The following properties apply to this formatting object:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>(Common Accessibility Properties) (not implemented, yet)</li>
- <li>(Common Aural Properties) (not implemented, yet)</li>
- <li>block-progression-dimension</li>
- <li>content-height</li>
- <li>content-type</li>
- <li>content-width</li>
- <li>display-align</li>
- <li>height</li>
- <li>id</li>
- <li>inline-progression-dimension</li>
- <li>overflow</li>
- <li>pages: <page-set> (see below) (not implemented, yet)</li>
- <li>reference-orientation</li>
- <li>scaling</li>
- <li>scaling-method</li>
- <li>src</li>
- <li>text-align</li>
- <li>width</li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- Datatype "page-set": Value: auto | <integer-range>,
- Default: "auto" which means all pages/subimages of the document.
- <integer-range> allows values such as "7" or "1-3"
- </p>
- <note>
- <code>fox:external-document</code> is not suitable for concatenating FO documents.
- For this, XInclude is recommended.
- </note>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="transform">
- <title>Free-form Transformation for fo:block-container</title>
- <p>
- For <code>fo:block-container</code> elements whose <code>absolute-position</code> set to
- "absolute" or "fixed" you can use the extension attribute <code>fox:transform</code>
- to apply a free-form transformation to the whole block-container. The content of the
- <code>fox:transform</code> attribute is the same as for
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/coords.html#TransformAttribute">SVG's transform attribute</a>.
- The transformation specified here is performed in addition to other implicit
- transformations of the block-container (resulting from top, left and other properties)
- and after them.
- </p>
- <p>
- Examples: <code>fox:transform="rotate(45)"</code> would rotate the block-container
- by 45 degrees clock-wise around its upper-left corner.
- <code>fox:transform="translate(10000,0)"</code> would move the block-container to the
- right by 10 points (=10000 millipoints, FOP uses millipoints internally!).
- </p>
- <note>
- This extension attribute doesn't work for all output formats! It's currently only
- supported for PDF, PS and Java2D-based renderers.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="color-functions">
- <title>Color functions</title>
- <p>
- XSL-FO supports specifying color using the rgb(), rgb-icc() and system-color() functions.
- Apache FOP provides additional color functions for special use cases. Please note that
- using these functions compromises the interoperability of an FO document.
- </p>
- <section id="color-function-cmyk">
- <title>cmyk()</title>
- <p><code>color cmyk(numeric, numeric, numeric, numeric)</code></p>
- <p>
- This function will construct a color in device-specific CMYK color space. The numbers
- must be between 0.0 and 1.0. For output formats that don't support device-specific
- color space the CMYK value is converted to an sRGB value.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pseudo-color-profiles">
- <title>#CMYK pseudo-profile</title>
- <p><code>color rgb-icc(numeric, numeric, numeric, #CMYK, numeric, numeric, numeric, numeric)</code></p>
- <p>
- The <code>rgb-icc</code> function will respond to a pseudo-profile called "#CMYK"
- which indicates a device-specific CMYK color space. The "#CMYK" profile is implicitely
- available and doesn't have to be (and cannot be) defined through an
- <code>fo:color-profile</code> element. It is provided for compatibility with certain
- commercial XSL-FO implementations. Please note that this is not part of the official
- specification but rather a convention. The following two color specifications are
- equivalent:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><code>cmyk(0%,0%,20%,40%)</code></li>
- <li><code>rgb-icc(153, 153, 102, #CMYK, 0, 0, 0.2, 0.4)</code></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="prepress">
- <title>Prepress Support</title>
-
- <p>
- This section defines a number of extensions related to
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepress">prepress</a> support.
- <code>fox:scale</code> defines a general scale factor for the generated pages.
- <code>fox:bleed</code> defines the
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleed_%28printing%29">bleed area</a> for a page.
- <code>fox:crop-offset</code> defines the outer edges of the area in which crop marks,
- registration marks, color bars and page information are placed.
- For details, please read on below.
- </p>
- <note>
- Those extensions have been implemented in the PDF and Java2D renderers only.
- </note>
-
- <section id="scale">
- <title>fox:scale</title>
- <p>Value: <number>{1,2}</p>
- <p>Initial: 1</p>
- <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
- <p>
- This property specifies a scale factor along resp. the x and y axes. If only one number
- is provided it is used for both the x and y scales. A scale factor smaller than 1
- shrinks the page. A scale factor greater than 1 enlarges the page.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="bleed">
- <title>fox:bleed</title>
- <p>
- Value: <length>{1,4}
- </p>
- <p>
- Initial: 0pt
- </p>
- <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
- <p>
- If there is only one value, it applies to all sides. If there are two values, the top and bottom
- bleed widths are set to the first value and the right and left bleed widths are set to the second.
- If there are three values, the top is set to the first value, the left and right are set to the second,
- and the bottom is set to the third. If there are four values, they apply to the top, right, bottom, and
- left, respectively.
- (Corresponds to <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl11/#padding">the definition of
- padding</a>).
- </p>
- <p>
- This extension indirectly defines the BleedBox and is calculated by expanding the TrimBox by
- the bleed widths. The lengths must be non-negative.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="cropOffset">
- <title>fox:crop-offset</title>
- <p>
- Value: <length>{1,4}
- </p>
- <p>
- Initial: bleed (see below)
- </p>
- <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
- <p>
- Same behaviour as with fox:bleed. The initial value is set to the same values as the
- fox:bleed property.
- </p>
- <p>
- This extension indirectly defines the MediaBox and is calculated by expanding
- the TrimBox by the crop offsets. The lengths must be non-negative.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="cropBox">
- <title>fox:crop-box</title>
- <p>
- Value: [trim-box | bleed-box | media-box]
- </p>
- <p>
- Initial: media-box
- </p>
- <p>Applies to: fo:simple-page-master</p>
- <p>
- The crop box controls how Acrobat displays the page (CropBox in PDF) or how the Java2DRenderer sizes
- the output media. The PDF specification defines that the CropBox defaults to the MediaBox. This extension
- follows that definition. To simplify usage and cover most use cases, the three supported enumeration
- values "trim-box", "bleed-box" and "media-box" set the CropBox to one of those three other boxes.
- </p>
- <p>
- If requested in the future, we could offer to specify the CropBox in absolute coordinates rather
- than just by referencing another box.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Fonts</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- <authors>
- <person name="Jeremias Märki" email=""/>
- <person name="Tore Engvig" email=""/>
- <person name="Adrian Cumiskey" email=""/>
- <person name="Max Berger" email=""/>
- </authors>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="intro">
- <title>Summary</title>
- <p>The following table summarizes the font capabilities of the various Apache� FOP renderers:</p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Renderer</th>
- <th>Base-14</th>
- <th>AWT/OS</th>
- <th>Custom</th>
- <th>Custom Embedding</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>PDF</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>PostScript</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>PCL</td>
- <td>yes (modified)</td>
- <td>yes (painted as bitmaps)</td>
- <td>yes (painted as bitmaps)</td>
- <td>no</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>AFP</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Java2D/AWT/Bitmap</td>
- <td>if available from OS</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>n/a (display only)</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Print</td>
- <td>if available from OS</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>controlled by OS printer driver</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>RTF</td>
- <td>n/a (font metrics not needed)</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>TXT</td>
- <td>yes (used for layout but not for output)</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>yes (used for layout but not for output)</td>
- <td>no</td>
- </tr>
-<!--tr> NOT AVAILABLE
- <td>MIF</td>
- <td>n/a (font metrics not needed)</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- </tr-->
-<!--tr> NOT AVAILABLE
- <td>SVG</td>
- <td>if available from OS</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>no</td>
- </tr-->
- <tr>
- <td>XML</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>no</td>
- <td>yes</td>
- <td>n/a</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Base-14 Fonts</title>
- <p>
- The Adobe PostScript and PDF Specification specify a set of 14 fonts that must be
- available to every PostScript interpreter and PDF reader:
- Helvetica (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
- Times (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
- Courier (normal, bold, italic, bold italic),
- Symbol and ZapfDingbats.
- </p>
- <p>
- The following font family names are hard-coded into FOP for the Base-14 font set:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Base-14 font</th>
- <th>font families</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Helvetica</td>
- <td>Helvetica, sans-serif, SansSerif</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Times</td>
- <td>Times, Times Roman, Times-Roman, serif, any</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Courier</td>
- <td>Courier, monospace, Monospaced</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Symbol</td>
- <td>Symbol</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>ZapfDingbats</td>
- <td>ZapfDingbats</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- Please note that recent versions of Adobe Acrobat Reader replace
- "Helvetica" with "Arial" and "Times" with "Times New Roman" internally.
- GhostScript replaces "Helvetica" with "Nimbus Sans L" and "Times" with
- "Nimbus Roman No9 L". Other document viewers may do similar font
- substitutions. If you need to make sure that there are no such
- substitutions, you need to specify an explicit font and embed it in
- the target document.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="missing-fonts">
- <title>Missing Fonts</title>
- <p>
- When FOP does not have a specific font at its disposal (because it's
- not installed in the operating system or set up in FOP's configuration),
- the font is replaced with "any". "any" is internally mapped to the
- Base-14 font "Times" (see above).
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="missing-glyphs">
- <title>Missing Glyphs</title>
- <p>
- Every font contains a particular set of
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyph">glyphs</a>. If no glyph can be found for
- a given character, FOP will issue a warning and use the glpyh for "#" (if available)
- instead. Before it does that, it consults a (currently hard-coded) registry of
- glyph substitution groups (see Glyphs.java in Apache XML Graphics Commons).
- This registry can supply alternative glyphs in some cases (like using space when a no-break
- space is requested). But there's no guarantee that the result will be as expected (for
- example, in the case of hyphens and similar glyphs). A better way is to use a font that
- has all the necessary glyphs. This glyph substitution is only a last resort.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="awt">
- <title>Java2D/AWT/Operating System Fonts</title>
- <p>
- The Java2D family of renderers (Java2D, AWT, Print, TIFF, PNG), use the
- Java AWT subsystem for font metric information. Through operating system
- registration, the AWT subsystem knows what fonts are available on the system,
- and the font metrics for each one.
- </p>
- <p>
- When working with one of these output formats and you're missing a font, just
- install it in your operating system and they should be available for these
- renderers. Please note that this is not true for other output formats such as
- PDF or PostScript.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="custom">
- <title>Custom Fonts</title>
- <p>
- Support for custom fonts is highly output format dependent (see above table).
- This section shows how to add Type 1 and TrueType fonts to the PDF, PostScript and
- Java2D-based renderers. Other renderers (like AFP) support other font formats. Details
- in this case can be found on the page about <a href="output.html">output formats</a>.
- </p>
- <p>
- In earlier FOP versions, it was always necessary to create an XML font metrics file
- if you wanted to add a custom font. This unconvenient step has been removed and in
- addition to that, FOP supports auto-registration of fonts, i.e. FOP can find fonts
- installed in your operating system or can scan user-specified directories for fonts.
- Font registration via XML font metrics file is still supported and may still be necessary
- for some very special cases as fallback variant while we stabilize font auto-detection.
- </p>
- <p>
- Basic information about fonts can be found at:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/ftypes.html">Adobe font types</a>
- </li>
- <li>
- <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/technotes/fonts.html">Adobe Font Technote</a>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="basics">
- <title>Basic font configuration</title>
- <p>
- If you want FOP to use custom fonts, you need to tell it where to find them. This
- is done in the configuration file and once per renderer (because each output format
- is a little different). In the basic form, you can either tell FOP to find your
- operating system fonts or you can specify directories that it will search for
- support fonts. These fonts will then automatically be registered.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<renderers>
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <fonts>
- <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory -->
- <directory>C:\MyFonts1</directory>
-
- <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory and all of its sub directories (use with care) -->
- <directory recursive="true">C:\MyFonts2</directory>
-
- <!-- automatically detect operating system installed fonts -->
- <auto-detect/>
- </fonts>
- </renderer>
-</renderers>]]></source>
- <note>
- Review the documentation for <a href="configuration.html">FOP Configuration</a>
- for instructions on making the FOP configuration available to FOP when it runs.
- Otherwise, FOP has no way of finding your custom font information. It is currently
- not possible to easily configure fonts from Java code.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="advanced">
- <title>Advanced font configuration</title>
- <p>
- The instructions found above should be sufficient for most users. Below are some
- additional instructions in case the basic font configuration doesn't lead to
- the desired results.
- </p>
- <section id="type1-metrics">
- <title>Type 1 Font Metrics</title>
- <p>FOP includes PFMReader, which reads the PFM file that normally comes with a Type 1 font, and generates an appropriate font metrics file for it.
- To use it, run the class org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader:</p>
- <p>Windows:</p>
- <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
- org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader [options] pfm-file xml-file</source>
- <p>Unix:</p>
- <source>java -cp build/fop.jar:lib/avalon-framework.jar:lib/commons-logging.jar:lib/commons-io.jar
- org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.PFMReader [options] pfm-file xml-file</source>
- <p>PFMReader [options]:</p>
- <ul>
- <li><strong>-fn <fontname></strong> By default, FOP uses the fontname from the
- .pfm file when embedding the font. Use the "-fn" option to override this name with one you have
- chosen. This may be useful in some cases to ensure that applications using the output document
- (Acrobat Reader for example) use the embedded font instead of a local font with the same
- name.</li>
- </ul>
- <note>The classpath in the above example has been simplified for readability.
- You will have to adjust the classpath to the names of the actual JAR files in the lib directory.
- xml-apis.jar, xercesImpl.jar, xalan.jar and serializer.jar are not necessary for JDK version 1.4 or later.</note>
- <note>The tool will construct some values (FontBBox, StemV and ItalicAngle) based on assumptions and calculations which are only an approximation to the real values.
- FontBBox and Italic Angle can be found in the human-readable part of the PFB file or in the AFM file.
- The PFMReader tool does not yet interpret PFB or AFM files, so if you want to be correct, you may have to adjust the values in the XML file manually.
- The constructed values however appear to have no visible influence.</note>
- </section>
- <section id="truetype-metrics">
- <title>TrueType Font Metrics</title>
- <p>FOP includes TTFReader, which reads the TTF file and generates an appropriate font metrics file for it.
- Use it in a similar manner to PFMReader.
- For example, to create such a metrics file in Windows from the TrueType font at c:\myfonts\cmr10.ttf:</p>
- <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
- org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.TTFReader [options]
- C:\myfonts\cmr10.ttf ttfcm.xml</source>
- <p>TTFReader [options]:</p>
- <ul>
- <li><strong>-d <DEBUG | INFO ></strong> Sets the debug level (default is
- INFO).</li>
- <li><strong>-fn <fontname></strong> Same as for PFMReader.</li>
- <li><strong>-ttcname <fontname></strong> If you're reading data from a
- TrueType Collection (.ttc file) you must specify which font from the collection you will read
- metrics from.
- If you read from a .ttc file without this option, the fontnames will be listed for you.</li>
- <li><strong>-enc ansi</strong> Creates a WinAnsi-encoded font metrics file.
- Without this option, a CID-keyed font metrics file is created.
- The table below summarizes the differences between these two encoding options as currently
- used within FOP.
- Please note that this information only applies to TrueType fonts and TrueType collections:</li>
- </ul>
- <table id="ttf-encoding">
- <tr>
- <th>Issue</th>
- <th>WinAnsi</th>
- <th>CID-keyed</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Usable Character Set</td>
- <td>Limited to WinAnsi character set, which is roughly equivalent to iso-8889-1.</td>
- <td>Limited only by the characters in the font itself.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Embedding the Font</td>
- <td>Optional.</td>
- <td>Mandatory. Not embedding the font produces invalid PDF documents.</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <warning>
- You may experience failures with certain TrueType fonts, especially if they don't contain
- the so-called Unicode "cmap" table. TTFReader can currently not deal with font like this.
- </warning>
- </section>
- <section id="truetype-collections-metrics">
- <title>TrueType Collections</title>
- <p>TrueType collections (.ttc files) contain more than one font.
- To create metrics files for these fonts, you must specify which font in the collection should be generated, by using the "-ttcname" option with the TTFReader.</p>
- <p>To get a list of the fonts in a collection, just start the TTFReader as if it were a normal TrueType file (without the -ttcname option).
- It will display all of the font names and exit with an Exception.</p>
- <p>Here is an example of generating a metrics file for a .ttc file:</p>
- <source>java -cp build\fop.jar;lib\avalon-framework.jar;lib\commons-logging.jar;lib\commons-io.jar
- org.apache.fop.fonts.apps.TTFReader -ttcname "MS Mincho"
- msmincho.ttc msminch.xml</source>
- <p>
- Alternatively, the individual sub-fonts of a TrueType Collections can be selected
- using the "sub-font" attribute on the "font" element. That means that generating
- an XML font metrics file for TrueType collections is not necessary anymore. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[<font embed-url="gulim.ttc" sub-font="GulimChe">
- <font-triplet name="GulimChe" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
-</font>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="register">
- <title>Register Fonts with FOP</title>
- <p>You must tell FOP how to find and use the font metrics files by registering them in the <a href="configuration.html">FOP Configuration</a>. Add entries for your custom fonts, regardless of font type, to the configuration file in a manner similar to the following:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<renderers>
- <renderer mime="application/pdf">
- <fonts>
- <!-- register a particular font -->
- <font metrics-url="file:///C:/myfonts/FTL_____.xml" kerning="yes"
- embed-url="file:///C:/myfonts/FTL_____.pfb"
- encoding-mode="single-byte">
- <font-triplet name="FrutigerLight" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
-
- <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory -->
- <directory>C:\MyFonts1</directory>
-
- <!-- register all the fonts found in a directory and all of its sub directories (use with care) -->
- <directory recursive="true">C:\MyFonts2</directory>
-
- <!-- automatically detect operating system installed fonts -->
- <auto-detect/>
- </fonts>
- </renderer>
-</renderers>]]></source>
- <ul>
- <li>
- URLs are used to access the font metric and font files.
- Relative URLs are resolved relative to the font-base property (or base) if available.
- See <a href="configuration.html">FOP: Configuration</a> for more information.
- </li>
- <li>The "metrics-url" attribute is generally not necessary except if you run into problems with certain fonts.</li>
- <li>Either an "embed-url" or a "metrics-url" must be specified for font tag configurations.</li>
- <li>The font "kerning" attribute is optional. Default is "true".</li>
- <li>If embedding is off (i.e. embed-url is not set), the output will position the text correctly (from the metrics file), but it will not be displayed or printed correctly unless the viewer has the applicable font available to their local system.</li>
- <li>When setting the "embed-url" attribute for Type 1 fonts, be sure to specify the PFB (actual font data), not PFM (font metrics) file that you used to generate the XML font metrics file.</li>
- <li>The attribute "encoding-mode" is optional an may have the following values:
- <ul>
- <li>auto: default font encoding mode ("cid" for Truetype, "single-byte" for Type 1)</li>
- <li>single-byte: use single-byte encodings in the target format (if applicable)</li>
- <li>cid: encode as CID-keyed font (currently only supported for PDF output with TrueType fonts)</li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li>The fonts "directory" tag can be used to register fonts contained within a single or list of directory paths. The "recursive" attribute can be specified to recursively add fonts from all sub directories.</li>
- <li>The fonts "auto-detect" tag can be used to automatically register fonts that are found to be installed on the native operating system.</li>
- <li>Fonts registered with "font" tag configurations override fonts found by means of "directory" tag definitions.</li>
- <li>Fonts found as a result of a "directory" tag configuration override fonts found as a result of the "auto-detect" tag being specified.</li>
- <li>
- If relative URLs are specified, they are evaluated relative to the value of the
- "font-base" setting. If there is no "font-base" setting, the fonts are evaluated
- relative to the base directory.
- </li>
- </ul>
-<!--note>Cocoon users will need to setup the config, see FOPSerializer for more information.</note-->
- </section>
- <section id="autodetect">
- <title>Auto-Detect and auto-embed feature</title>
- <p>When the "auto-detect" flag is set in the configuration, FOP will automatically search for fonts in the default paths for your operating system.</p>
- <p>FOP will also auto-detect fonts which are available in the classpath, if they are described as "application/x-font" in the MANIFEST.MF file. For example, if your .jar file contains font/myfont.ttf:</p>
- <source>Manifest-Version: 1.0
-
- Name: font/myfont.ttf
- Content-Type: application/x-font</source>
- <p>This feature allows you to create JAR files containing fonts. The JAR files can be added to fop by providem them in the classpath, e.g. copying them into the lib/ directory.</p>
- <section id="font-cache">
- <title>The font cache</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP maintains a cache file that is used to speed up auto-detection. This file
- is usually found in the ".fop" directory under the user's home directory. It's called
- "fop-fonts.cache". When the user's home directory is not writable, the font cache file
- is put in the directory for temporary files.
- </p>
- <p>
- If there was a problem loading a particular font, it is flagged in the cache file so
- it is not loaded anymore. So, if a font is actually around but is still not found
- by Apache FOP, it's worth a try to delete the font cache file which forces Apache FOP
- to reparse all fonts.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="embedding">
- <title>Embedding</title>
- <p>
- By default, all fonts are embedded if an output format supports font embedding. In some
- cases, however, it is preferred that some fonts are only referenced. When working
- with referenced fonts it is important to be in control of the target environment where
- the produced document is consumed, i.e. the necessary fonts have to be installed there.
- </p>
- <p>
- There are two different ways how you can specify that a font should be referenced:
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>
- When using the old-style "font" element to configure a single font, font referencing
- is controlled by the embed-url attribute. If you don't specify the embed-url attribute
- the font will not be embedded, but will only be referenced.
- </li>
- <li>
- For automatically configured fonts there's a different mechanism to specify which
- fonts should be referenced rather than embedded. This is done in the "referenced-fonts"
- element in the configuration. Here's an example:
- </li>
- </ol>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fop version="1.0">
- <fonts>
- <referenced-fonts>
- <match font-family="Helvetica"/>
- <match font-family="DejaVu.*"/>
- </referenced-fonts>
- </fonts>
-</fop>]]></source>
- <p>
- At the moment, you can only match fonts against their font-family. It is possible to use
- regular expressions as is shown in the second example above ("DejaVu.*"). The syntax for
- the regular expressions used here are the one used by the
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/api/java/util/regex/package-summary.html"><code>java.util.regex</code> package</a>.
- So, in the above snippet "Helvetica" and all variants of the "DejaVu" font family are
- referenced. If you want to reference all fonts, just specify <code>font-family=".*"</code>.
- </p>
- <p>
- The <code>referenced-fonts</code> element can be placed either inside the general
- <code>fonts</code> element (right under the root) or in the <code>fonts</code> element
- under the renderer configuration. In the first case, matches apply to all renderers.
- In the second case, matches only apply to the renderer where the element was specified.
- Both cases can be used at the same time.
- </p>
- <p>
- Various notes related to embedded fonts:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>The PostScript renderer does not yet support TrueType fonts, but can embed Type 1 fonts.</li>
- <li>The font is simply embedded into the PDF file, it is not converted.</li>
- <li>When FOP embeds a font, it adds a prefix to the fontname to ensure that the name will not match the fontname of an installed font.
- This is helpful with older versions of Acrobat Reader that preferred installed fonts over embedded fonts.</li>
- <li>When embedding PostScript fonts, the entire font is always embedded.</li>
- <li>When embedding TrueType fonts (ttf) or TrueType Collections (ttc), a subset of the
- original font, containing only the glyphs used, is embedded in the output document.
- That's the default, but if you specify encoding-mode="single-byte" (see above), the
- complete font is embedded.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="substitution">
- <title>Substitution</title>
- <p>When a <substitutions/> section is defined in the configuration, FOP will re-map any font-family references found in your FO input to a given substitution font.</p>
- <ul>
- <li>If a <substitution/> is declared, it is mandatory that both a <from/> and <to/> child element is declared with a font-family attribute.</li>
- <li>Both font-weight and font-style are optional attributes, if they are provided then a value of 'normal' is assumed.</li>
- </ul>
- <p>For example you could make all FO font-family references to 'Arial' with weights between 700 and 900 reference the normal 'Arial Black' font.</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fop version="1.0">
- <fonts>
- <substitutions>
- <substitution>
- <from font-family="Arial" font-weight="700..900"/>
- <to font-family="Arial Black"/>
- </substitution>
- <substitution>
- <from font-family="FrutigerLight"/>
- <to font-family="Times" font-weight="bold" font-style="italic"/>
- </substitution>
- </substitutions>
- </fonts>
-</fop>]]></source>
- </section>
-<!-- The following section should no longer be required
- <section id="embedding-base14">
- <title>Explicitly embedding the base 14 fonts</title>
- <p>
- There are cases where you might want to force the embedding of one or more of the base 14 fonts that
- can normally be considered available on the target platform (viewer, printer). One of these cases is
- <a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A</a> which mandates the embedding of even the base 14 fonts. Embedding a font such as Helvetica or
- Courier is straight-forward. The "Symbol" and "ZapfDingbats" fonts, however, currently present a
- problem because FOP cannot correctly determine the encoding of these two single-byte fonts through
- the PFM file. FOP now correctly interprets the "encoding" value in the XML font metrics file, but the
- PFMReader application writes "UnknownEncoding" to the generated XML file. In order to embed "Symbol"
- and "ZapfDingbats" you have to manually change the XML font metrics file and specify "SymbolEncoding"
- or "ZapfdingbatsEncoding" encoding respectively as the value for the "encoding" element.
- </p>
- <p>Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<font-metrics type="TYPE1">
- <font-name>Symbol</font-name>
- <embed/>
- <encoding>SymbolEncoding</encoding>
- <cap-height>673</cap-height>
- <x-height>766</x-height>
- [..]]]></source>
- </section-->
- </section>
- <section id="selection">
- <title>Font Selection Strategies</title>
- <p>
- There are two font selection strategies: character-by-character or auto. The default is auto.</p>
- <p>Auto selected the first font from the list which is able to display the most characters in a given word. This means (assume font A has characters for abclmn, font B for lnmxyz, fontlist is A,B):</p>
- <ul>
- <li>aaa lll xxx would be displayed in fonts A A B</li>
- <li>aaaxx would be displayed in font A</li>
- <li>aaaxxx would be displayed in font A</li>
- <li>aaaxxxx would be displayed in font B</li>
- </ul>
- <p>Character-by-Character is NOT yet supported!</p>
- </section>
- <section id="font-list">
- <title>Font List Command-Line Tool</title>
- <p>
- FOP contains a small command-line tool that lets you generate a list of all configured
- fonts. Its class name is: <code>org.apache.fop.tools.fontlist.FontListMain</code>.
- Run it with the "-?" parameter to get help for the various options.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<disabled-testcases>
- <testcase>
- <name>demo test failure</name>
- <file>demo-test-failure.fo</file>
- <description></description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Markers and core function evaluation</name>
- <file>from-table-column_marker.fo</file>
- <description>The code currently evaluates this function according to the column in which the
- marker appears in the source document, rather than the column it is retrieved in.</description>
- </testcase>
-</disabled-testcases>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Graphics Formats</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="introduction">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>
- Some noteworthy features of the image handling subsystem are:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- The image libraries Jimi and JAI are not supported. Instead, Apache™ FOP uses the
- Image I/O API that was introduced with Java 1.4 for all bitmap codecs.
- </li>
- <li>
- Some bitmap images are not converted to a standardized 24 bit RGB image but are
- instead handled in their native format.
- </li>
- <li>
- A plug-in mechanism offers a possibility to add support for new formats without changing
- the FOP's source code.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- The actual <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/image-loader.html">image loading framework</a>
- does not reside in Apache FOP, but in
- <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons/">XML Graphics Commons</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="support-overview">
- <title>Overview of Graphics Support</title>
- <p>
- The table below summarizes the <em>theoretical</em> support for graphical formats
- within FOP. In other words, within the constraints of the limitations listed here,
- these formats <em>should</em> work. However, many of them have not been tested,
- and there may be limitations that have not yet been discovered or documented.
- The packages needed to support some formats are not included in the FOP distribution
- and must be installed separately. Follow the links in the "Support Through" columns
- for more details.
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th rowspan="2">Format</th>
- <th rowspan="2">Type</th>
- <th colspan="3">Support Through</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <th><a href="#native">Apache FOP (native)</a></th>
- <th><a href="#batik">Apache Batik</a></th>
- <th><a href="#imageio">Image I/O</a></th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#bmp">BMP</a> (Microsoft Windows Bitmap)</td>
- <td>bitmap</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#emf">EMF</a> (Windows Enhanced Metafile)</td>
- <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
- <td>(X)</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#eps">EPS</a> (Encapsulated PostScript)</td>
- <td>metafile (both bitmap and vector), most frequently used for vector drawings</td>
- <td>(X)</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)</td>
- <td>bitmap</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#jpeg">JPEG</a> (Joint Photographic Experts Group)</td>
- <td>bitmap</td>
- <td>(X)</td>
- <td/>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#png">PNG</a> (Portable Network Graphic)</td>
- <td>bitmap</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#svg">SVG</a> (Scalable Vector Graphics)</td>
- <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
- <td/>
- <td>X</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#tiff">TIFF</a> (Tag Image Format File)</td>
- <td>bitmap</td>
- <td>(X)</td>
- <td/>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#wmf">WMF</a> (Windows Metafile)</td>
- <td>vector (with embedded bitmaps)</td>
- <td/>
- <td>(X)</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- Legend:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>"(X)" means restricted support. Please see the details below.</li>
- <li>
- [1]: Requires the presence of <a href="http://jai-imageio.dev.java.net/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a>
- (or an equivalent Image I/O compatible codec) in the classpath. JAI Image I/O Tools also
- adds support for JPEG 2000, WBMP, RAW and PNM. Other Image I/O codecs may provide
- support for additional formats.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <note>
- <a href="http://jai-imageio.dev.java.net/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a> is not the same as the
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/media/jai/">JAI library</a>! The
- former simply exposes JAI's codecs using the Image&nbsp;I/O API but does not include all
- the image manipulation functionality.
- </note>
- <section id="format-map">
- <title>Map of supported image formats by output format</title>
- <p>
- Not all image formats are supported for all output formats! For example, while you can
- use EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) files when you generate PostScript output, this format
- will not be supported by any other output format. Here's an overview of which image
- formats are supported by which output format:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Image Format</th>
- <th>PDF</th>
- <th>PostScript</th>
- <th>Java2D, PNG, TIFF, AWT</th>
- <th>PCL</th>
- <th>AFP</th>
- <th>RTF</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#bmp">BMP</a> (Microsoft Windows Bitmap)</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#emf">EMF</a> (Windows Enhanced Metafile)</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#eps">EPS</a> (Encapsulated PostScript)</td>
- <td/>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#jpeg">JPEG</a> (Joint Photographic Experts Group)</td>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X [1]</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#png">PNG</a> (Portable Network Graphic)</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#svg">SVG</a> (Scalable Vector Graphics)</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#tiff">TIFF</a> (Tag Image Format File)</td>
- <td>X [2]</td>
- <td>X [2]</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X [2]</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><a href="#wmf">WMF</a> (Windows Metafile)</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- <td>X</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- Legend:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- [1]: Supported without the need to decode the image.
- </li>
- <li>
- [2]: Supported without the need to decode the image, but only for certain subtypes.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="packages">
- <title>Graphics Packages</title>
- <section id="native">
- <title>XML Graphics Commons Native</title>
- <p>
- <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">XML Graphics Commons</a> supports a number
- of graphic file formats natively as basic functionality: all bitmap formats for which
- there are Image I/O codecs available (JPEG, PNG, GIF, TIFF, etc.), EPS and EMF.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="fop-native">
- <title>FOP Native</title>
- <p>
- FOP has no native image plug-ins for the image loading framework of its own but currently
- hosts the Batik-dependent SVG and WMF plug-ins until they can be moved to
- <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="batik">
- <title>Apache Batik</title>
- <p>
- <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a> will later receive the
- SVG and WMF plug-ins for the image loading framework that are currently hosted inside
- FOP.
- </p>
- <p>
- Current FOP distributions include a distribution of the
- <a class="fork" href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>.
- Because Batik's API changes frequently, it is highly recommended that you use the
- version that ships with FOP, at least when running FOP.
- </p>
- <warning>Batik must be run in a graphical environment.</warning>
- <p>
- Batik must be run in a graphical environment.
- It uses AWT classes for rendering SVG, which in turn require an X server on Unixish
- systems. If you run a server without X, or if you can't connect to the X server due to
- security restrictions or policies (a so-called "headless" environment), SVG rendering
- will fail.
- </p>
- <p>Here are some workarounds:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Start Java with the <code>-Djava.awt.headless=true</code> command line option.
- </li>
- <li>
- Install an X server which provides an in-memory framebuffer without actually using a
- screen device or any display hardware. One example is Xvfb.
- </li>
- <li>
- Install a toolkit which emulates AWT without the need for an underlying X server. One
- example is the <a href="http://www.eteks.com/pja/en">PJA toolkit</a>, which is free
- and comes with detailed installation instructions.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="imageio">
- <title>Image I/O</title>
- <p>
- The image loading framework in <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">XML Graphics Commons</a>
- provides a wrapper to load images through the
- <a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/imageio/index.html">JDK's Image I/O API</a> (JSR 015).
- Image I/O allows to dynamically add additional image codecs. An example of such an
- add-on library are the
- <a class="fork" href="http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/">JAI Image I/O Tools</a>
- available from Sun.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="image-formats">
- <title>Details on image formats</title>
- <section id="bmp">
- <title>BMP</title>
- <p>
- BMP images are supported through an Image I/O codec. There may be limitations of the
- codec which are outside the control of Apache FOP.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="emf">
- <title>EMF</title>
- <p>
- Windows Enhanced Metafiles (EMF) are only supported in RTF output where they are
- embedded without decoding.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="eps">
- <title>EPS</title>
- <p>Apache FOP allows to use EPS files when generating PostScript output only.</p>
- <p>
- Other output targets can't be supported at the moment because
- FOP lacks a PostScript interpreter. Furthermore, FOP is currently not able
- to parse the preview bitmaps sometimes contained in EPS files.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="gif">
- <title>GIF</title>
- <p>
- GIF images are supported through an Image&nbsp;I/O codec. Transparency is supported but
- not guaranteed to work with every output format.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="jpeg">
- <title>JPEG</title>
- <p>
- FOP native support (i.e. the handling of undecoded images) of JPEG does not include all
- variants, especially those containing unusual color lookup tables and color profiles.
- If you have trouble with a JPEG image in FOP, try opening it with an image processing
- program (such as Photoshop or Gimp) and then saving it. Specifying 24-bit color output
- may also help. For the PDF and PostScript renderers most JPEG images can be passed
- through without decompression. User reports indicate that grayscale, RGB, and
- CMYK color spaces are all rendered properly. However, for other output formats, the
- JPEG images have to be decompressed. Tests have shown that there are some limitation
- in some Image&nbsp;I/O codecs concerning images in the CMYK color space. Work-arounds are
- in place but may not always work as expected.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="png">
- <title>PNG</title>
- <p>
- PNG images are supported through an Image&nbsp;I/O codec. Transparency is supported but
- not guaranteed to work with every output format.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg">
- <title>SVG</title>
- <section id="svg-intro">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>FOP uses <a href="#batik"> Apache Batik</a> for SVG support.
- This format can be handled as an <code>fo:instream-foreign-object</code> or in a separate
- file referenced with <code>fo:external-graphic</code>.</p>
- <note>
- Batik's SVG Rasterizer utility may also be used to convert standalone SVG
- documents into PDF. For more information please see the
- <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik/svgrasterizer.html">SVG Rasterizer documentation</a>
- on the Batik site.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="svg-pdf-graphics">
- <title>Placing SVG Graphics into PDF</title>
- <p>
- The SVG is rendered into PDF by using PDF commands to draw and fill
- lines and curves. This means that the graphical objects created with
- this remain as vector graphics. The same applies to PostScript output.
- For other output formats the SVG graphic may be converted to a bitmap
- image.
- </p>
- <p>
- There are a number of SVG things that cannot be converted directly into
- PDF. Parts of the graphic such as effects, patterns and images are inserted
- into the PDF as a raster graphic. The resolution of these raster images can
- be controlled through the "target resolution" setting in the
- <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a>.</p>
- <p>
- Currently transparency is limited in PDF so some SVG images that
- contain effects or graphics with transparent areas may not be displayed
- correctly.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg-pdf-text">
- <title>Placing SVG Text into PDF and PostScript</title>
- <p>If possible, Batik will use normal PDF or PostScript text when inserting text. It does
- this by checking if the text can be drawn normally and the font is
- supported. This example svg <a href="../dev/svg/text.svg">text.svg</a> /
- <a href="../dev/svg/text.pdf">text.pdf</a> / <a href="../dev/svg/text.png">text.png</a>
- shows how various types and effects with text are handled.
- Note that SVG font support is not yet implemented. Furthermore, text handling in
- PostScript output is inferior to PDF output - more text will be painted as shapes in
- PS than in PDF.
- </p>
- <p>
- When there's no support to paint text using native text operations,
- text is converted and drawn as a set of shapes by Batik, using the
- stroking text painter. This means that a typical character will
- have about 10 curves (each curve consists of at least 20 characters).
- This can make the output files large and when it is viewed the
- viewer may not normally draw those fine curves very well (In Adobe Acrobat, turning on
- "Smooth Line Art" in the preferences will fix this). Copy/paste functionality
- will not be supported in this case.
- If the text is inserted into the output file using the inbuilt text commands
- it will use a single character.
- </p>
- <p>
- Note that because SVG text can be rendered as either text or a vector graphic, you
- may need to consider settings in your viewer for both. The Acrobat viewer has both
- "smooth line art" and "smooth text" settings that may need to be set for SVG images
- to be displayed nicely on your screen (see Edit / Preferences / Display).
- This setting will not affect the printing of your document, which should be OK in
- any case, but will only affect the quality of the screen display.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg-font-selection">
- <title>Font selection notes</title>
- <p>
- Apache Batik uses the AWT/Java2D subsystem as font source while FOP has its own font
- subsystem. Great care has been taken that font selection does the best possible choices.
- But it must be noted when creating PDF or PostScript that a font used in SVG graphics
- needs to be registered with the operating system as well as in FOP's configuration.
- By using FOP's font auto-detection, you simply have to install the font in the operating
- system and not care about anything else. This is less of an issue if you create
- formats like TIFFs, PNGs or PCL because in these cases SVG graphics are usually rendered
- to bitmaps which means that on both sides (Batik and FOP), AWT/Java2D is used as the
- single font source.
- </p>
- <p>
- Whenever an SVG is converted into a PDF or PostScript file, the font that has been used
- inside Batik has to be mapped to a font used by the actual output format. Features like
- font substitution in FOP may need to be taken into account but can also be an advantage
- when working around font mapping issues. Like for XSL-FO content, you'll get a warning
- if a particular font could not be found and had to be substituted, or if a particular
- glyph is missing in a font.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg-scaling">
- <title>Scaling</title>
- <p>
- Currently, SVG images are rendered with the dimensions specified <em>in the SVG
- file</em>, within the viewport specified in the fo:external-graphic element.
- For everything to work properly, the two should be equal. The SVG standard leaves
- this issue as an implementation detail. Additional scaling options are available
- through XSL-FO means.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you use pixels to specify the size of an SVG graphic the "source resolution" setting
- in the <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a> will be used to determine the
- size of a pixel. The use of pixels to specify sizes is discouraged as they may
- be interpreted differently in different environments.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg-problems">
- <title>Known Problems</title>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Soft mask transparency is combined with white so that it looks better
- on PDF 1.3 viewers but this causes the soft mask to be slightly lighter
- or darker on PDF 1.4 viewers.
- </li>
- <li>
- There is some problem with a gradient inside a pattern which may cause a PDF
- error when viewed in Acrobat 5.
- </li>
- <li>
- Text is not always handled correctly, it may select the wrong font
- especially if characters have multiple fonts in the font list.
- </li>
- <li>
- Uniform transparency for images and other SVG elements that are converted
- into a raster graphic are not drawn properly in PDF. The image is opaque.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="tiff">
- <title>TIFF</title>
- <p>
- FOP can embed TIFF images without decompression into PDF, PostScript and AFP if they
- have either CCITT T.4, CCITT T.6, or JPEG compression. Otherwise, a TIFF-capable
- Image&nbsp;I/O codec is necessary for decoding the image.
- </p>
- <p>
- There may be some limitation concerning images in the CMYK color space.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="wmf">
- <title>WMF</title>
- <p>
- Windows Metafiles (WMF) are supported through classes in
- <a href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik">Apache Batik</a>. At the moment, support
- for this format is experimental and may not always work as expected.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="resolution">
- <title>Graphics Resolution</title>
- <p>
- Some bitmapped image file formats store a dots-per-inch (dpi) or other resolution
- values. FOP tries to use this resolution information whenever possible to determine
- the image's intrinsic size. This size is used during the layout process when it is not
- superseded by an explicit size on fo:external-graphic (content-width and content-height
- properties).
- </p>
- <p>
- Please note that not all images contain resolution information. If it's not available
- the source resolution set on the FopFactory (or through the user configuration XML) is used.
- The default here is 72 dpi.
- </p>
- <p>
- Bitmap images are generally embedded into the output format at their original resolution
- (as is). No resampling of the image is performed. Explicit resampling is on our wishlist,
- but hasn't been implemented, yet. Bitmaps included in SVG graphics may be resampled to
- the resolution specified in the "target resolution" setting in the
- <a href="configuration.html">configuration</a> if SVG filters are applied. This can be
- used as a work-around to resample images in FO documents.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="page-selection">
- <title>Page selection for multi-page formats</title>
- <p>
- Some image formats such as TIFF support multiple pages/sub-images per file. You can
- select a particular page using a special URI fragment in the form:
- <uri>#page=<nr>
- (for example: <code>http://localhost/images/myimage.tiff#page=3</code>)
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="caching">
- <title>Image caching</title>
- <p>
- FOP caches images between runs. There is one cache per FopFactory instance. The URI is
- used as a key to identify images which means that when a particular URI appears again,
- the image is taken from the cache. If you have a servlet that generates a different
- image each time it is called with the same URI you need to use a constantly
- changing dummy parameter on the URI to avoid caching.
- </p>
- <p>
- The image cache has been improved considerably in the redesigned code. Therefore,
- resetting the image cache should be a thing of the past. If you
- still experience OutOfMemoryErrors, please notify us.
- </p>
- <p>
- If all else fails, the image cache can be cleared like this:
- <code>fopFactory.getImageManager().getCache().clearCache();</code>
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Hyphenation</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="support">
- <title>Hyphenation Support</title>
- <section id="intro">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>Apache™ FOP uses Liang's hyphenation algorithm, well known from TeX. It needs
- language specific pattern and other data for operation.</p>
- <p>Because of <a href="#license-issues">licensing issues</a> (and for
- convenience), all hyphenation patterns for FOP are made available through
- the <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">Objects For
- Formatting Objects</a> project.</p>
- <note>If you have made improvements to an existing Apache™ FOP hyphenation pattern,
- or if you have created one from scratch, please consider contributing these
- to OFFO so that they can benefit other FOP users as well.
- Please inquire on the <a href="../maillist.html#fop-user">FOP User
- mailing list</a>.</note>
- </section>
- <section id="license-issues">
- <title>License Issues</title>
- <p>Many of the hyphenation files distributed with TeX and its offspring are
- licenced under the <a class="fork" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.html">LaTeX
- Project Public License (LPPL)</a>, which prevents them from being
- distributed with Apache software. The LPPL puts restrictions on file names
- in redistributed derived works which we feel can't guarantee. Some
- hyphenation pattern files have other or additional restrictions, for
- example against use for commercial purposes.</p>
- <p>Although Apache FOP cannot redistribute hyphenation pattern files that do
- not conform with its license scheme, that does not necessarily prevent users
- from using such hyphenation patterns with FOP. However, it does place on
- the user the responsibility for determining whether the user can rightly use
- such hyphenation patterns under the hyphenation pattern license.</p>
- <warning>The user is responsible to settle license issues for hyphenation
- pattern files that are obtained from non-Apache sources.</warning>
- </section>
- <section id="sources">
- <title>Sources of Custom Hyphenation Pattern Files</title>
- <p>The most important source of hyphenation pattern files is the
- <a class="fork" href="http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/language/hyphenation/">CTAN TeX
- Archive</a>.</p>
- </section>
- <section id="install">
- <title>Installing Custom Hyphenation Patterns</title>
- <p>To install a custom hyphenation pattern for use with FOP:</p>
- <ol>
- <li>Convert the TeX hyphenation pattern file to the FOP format. The FOP
- format is an xml file conforming to the DTD found at
- <code>{fop-dir}/hyph/hyphenation.dtd</code>.</li>
- <li>Name this new file following this schema:
- <code>languageCode_countryCode.xml</code>. The country code is
- optional, and should be used only if needed. For example:
- <ul>
- <li><code>en_US.xml</code> would be the file name for American
- English hyphenation patterns.</li>
- <li><code>it.xml</code> would be the file name for Italian
- hyphenation patterns.</li>
- </ul>
- The language and country codes must match the XSL-FO input, which
- follows <a href="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt">ISO
- 639</a> (languages) and <a href="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso3166.txt">ISO
- 3166</a> (countries). NOTE: The ISO 639/ISO 3166 convention is that
- language names are written in lower case, while country codes are written
- in upper case. FOP does not check whether the language and country specified
- in the FO source are actually from the current standard, but it relies
- on it being two letter strings in a few places. So you can make up your
- own codes for custom hyphenation patterns, but they should be two
- letter strings too (patches for proper handling extensions are welcome)</li>
- <li>There are basically three ways to make the FOP-compatible hyphenation pattern
- file(s) accessible to FOP:
- <ul>
- <li>Download the precompiled JAR from <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">OFFO
- </a> and place it either in the <code>{fop-dir}/lib</code> directory, or
- in a directory of your choice (and append the full path to the JAR to
- the environment variable <code>FOP_HYPHENATION_PATH</code>).</li>
- <li>Download the desired FOP-compatible hyphenation pattern file(s) from
- <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">OFFO</a>,
- and/or take your self created hyphenation pattern file(s),
- <ul>
- <li>place them in the directory <code>{fop-dir}/hyph</code>, </li>
- <li>or place them in a directory of your choice and set the Ant variable
- <code>user.hyph.dir</code> to point to that directory (in
- <code>build-local.properties</code>),</li>
- </ul>
- and run Ant with build target
- <code>jar-hyphenation</code>. This will create a JAR containing the
- compiled patterns in <code>{fop-dir}/build</code> that will be added to the
- classpath on the next run.
- (When FOP is built from scratch, and there are pattern source file(s)
- present in the directory pointed to by the
- <code>user.hyph.dir</code> variable, this JAR will automatically
- be created from the supplied pattern(s)).</li>
- <li>Put the pattern source file(s) into a directory of your choice and
- configure FOP to look for custom patterns in this directory, by setting the
- <a href="configuration.html"><hyphenation-base></a>
- configuration option.</li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- </ol>
- <warning>
- Either of these three options will ensure hyphenation is working when using
- FOP from the command-line. If FOP is being embedded, remember to add the location(s)
- of the hyphenation JAR(s) to the CLASSPATH (option 1 and 2) or to set the
- <a href="configuration.html#hyphenation-dir"><hyphenation-dir></a>
- configuration option programmatically (option 3).
- </warning>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="patterns">
- <title>Hyphenation Patterns</title>
- <p>If you would like to build your own hyphenation pattern files, or modify
- existing ones, this section will help you understand how to do so. Even
- when creating a pattern file from scratch, it may be beneficial to start
- with an existing file and modify it. See <a class="fork" href="http://offo.sourceforge.net/hyphenation/index.html">
- OFFO's Hyphenation page</a> for examples.
- Here is a brief explanation of the contents of FOP's hyphenation patterns:</p>
- <warning>The remaining content of this section should be considered "draft"
- quality. It was drafted from theoretical literature, and has not been
- tested against actual FOP behavior. It may contain errors or omissions.
- Do not rely on these instructions without testing everything stated here.
- If you use these instructions, please provide feedback on the
- <a href="../maillist.html#fop-user">FOP User mailing list</a>, either
- confirming their accuracy, or raising specific problems that we can
- address.</warning>
- <ul>
- <li>The root of the pattern file is the <hyphenation-info> element.</li>
- <li><hyphen-char>: its attribute "value" contains the character signalling
- a hyphen in the <exceptions> section. It has nothing to do with the
- hyphenation character used in FOP, use the XSLFO hyphenation-character
- property for defining the hyphenation character there. At some points
- a dash U+002D is hardwired in the code, so you'd better use this too
- (patches to rectify the situation are welcome). There is no default,
- if you declare exceptions with hyphenations, you must declare the
- hyphen-char too.</li>
- <li><hyphen-min> contains two attributes:
- <ul>
- <li>before: the minimum number of characters in a word allowed to exist
- on a line immediately preceding a hyphenated word-break.</li>
- <li>after: the minimum number of characters in a word allowed to exist
- on a line immediately after a hyphenated word-break.</li>
- </ul>
- This element is unused and not even read. It should be considered a
- documentation for parameters used during pattern generation.
- </li>
- <li><classes> contains whitespace-separated character sets. The members
- of each set should be treated as equivalent for purposes of hyphenation,
- usually upper and lower case of the same character. The first character
- of the set is the canonical character, the patterns and exceptions
- should only contain these canonical representation characters (except
- digits for weight, the period (.) as word delimiter in the patterns and
- the hyphen char in exceptions, of course).</li>
- <li><exceptions> contains whitespace-separated words, each of which
- has either explicit hyphen characters to denote acceptable breakage
- points, or no hyphen characters, to indicate that this word should
- never be hyphenated, or contain explicit <hyp> elements for specifying
- changes of spelling due to hyphenation (like backen -> bak-ken or
- Stoffarbe -> Stoff-farbe in the old german spelling). Exceptions override
- the patterns described below. Explicit <hyp> declarations don't work
- yet (patches welcome). Exceptions are generally a bit brittle, test
- carefully.</li>
- <li><patterns> includes whitespace-separated patterns, which are what
- drive most hyphenation decisions. The characters in these patterns are
- explained as follows:
- <ul>
- <li>non-numeric characters represent characters in a sub-word to be
- evaluated</li>
- <li>the period character (.) represents a word boundary, i.e. either
- the beginning or ending of a word</li>
- <li>numeric characters represent a scoring system for indicating the
- acceptability of a hyphen in this location. Odd numbers represent an
- acceptable location for a hyphen, with higher values overriding lower
- inhibiting values. Even numbers indicate an unacceptable location, with
- higher values overriding lower values indicating an acceptable position.
- A value of zero (inhibiting) is implied when there is no number present.
- Generally patterns are constructed so that valuse greater than 4 are rare.
- Due to a bug currently patterns with values of 8 and greater don't
- have an effect, so don't wonder.</li>
- </ul>
- Here are some examples from the English patterns file:
- <ul>
- <li>Knuth (<em>The TeXBook</em>, Appendix H) uses the example <strong>hach4</strong>, which indicates that it is extremely undesirable to place a hyphen after the substring "hach", for example in the word "toothach-es".</li>
- <li><strong>.leg5e</strong> indicates that "leg-e", when it occurs at the beginning of a word, is a very good place to place a hyphen, if one is needed. Words like "leg-end" and "leg-er-de-main" fit this pattern.</li>
- </ul>
- Note that the algorithm that uses this data searches for each of the word's substrings in the patterns, and chooses the <em>highest</em> value found for letter combination.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>If you want to convert a TeX hyphenation pattern file, you have to undo
- the TeX encoding for non-ASCII text. FOP uses Unicode, and the patterns
- must be proper Unicode too. You should be aware of the XML encoding issues,
- preferably use a good Unicode editor.</p>
- <p>Note that FOP does not do Unicode character normalization. If you use
- combining chars for accents and other character decorations, you must
- declare character classes for them, and use the same sequence of base character
- and combining marks in the XSLFO source, otherwise the pattern wouldn't match.
- Fortunately, Unicode provides precomposed characters for all important cases
- in common languages, until now nobody run seriously into this issue. Some dead
- languages and dialects, especially ancient ones, may pose a real problem
- though.</p>
- <p>If you want to generate your own patterns, an open-source utility called
- patgen can be used to assist in creating pattern files from dictionaries.
- It is available in many Unix/Linux distributions and every TeX distribution.
- Pattern creation for languages like english or german is an art. Read
- Frank Liang's original paper <a class="fork" href="http://www.tug.org/docs/liang/">"Word
- Hy-phen-a-tion by Com-pu-ter"</a> (yes, with hyphens) for details.
- The original patgen.web source, included in the TeX source distributions,
- contains valuable comments, unfortunately technical details often obscure the
- high level issues. Another important source of information is
- <a class="fork" href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/systems/knuth/dist/tex/texbook.tex">The
- TeX Book</a>, appendix H (either read the TeX source, or run it through
- TeX to typeset it). Secondary articles, for example the works by Petr Sojka,
- may also give some much needed insight into problems arising in automated
- hyphenation.</p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP Version 1.1rc1</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="intro">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>
- This is Release Candidate 1 (rc1) of an upcoming minor (dot) release of FOP. FOP 1.1rc1 contains many bux
- fixes and a number of improvements, including
- important features such as support for <a href="complexscripts.html">Complex Scripts</a>
- (e.g., Arabic, Hebrew, Indic, and Southeast Asian scripts). To see what has changed since the last release,
- please visit <a href="releaseNotes_1.1rc1.html">Release Notes</a>.
- </p>
- <p>
- This release implements a substantial subset of the W3C XSL-FO 1.1
- Recommendation. For a detailed overview of FOP's
- compliance with this recommendation, see <a href="../compliance.html">Compliance</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="upgrading">
- <title>Upgrading from an earlier version</title>
- <p>
- If you're upgrading to this version from an earlier version of FOP, please read the
- information on <a href="upgrading.html">Upgrading</a>!
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="download">
- <title>Download</title>
- <p>
- To download this version, please visit <a href="../download.html">Downloading</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Intermediate Format</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <note>
- Please note that the intermediate formats described here are
- <strong>advanced features</strong> and can be ignored by most users of Apache FOP.
- </note>
- <section id="introduction">
- <title>Introduction</title>
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP now provides two different so-called intermediate formats. The first one
- (let's call it the area tree XML format) is basically a 1:1 XML representation of FOP's
- area tree as generated by the layout engine. The area tree is conceptually defined in the
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/slice1.html#section-N742-Formatting">XSL-FO specification in chapter 1.1.2</a>.
- Even though the area tree is mentioned in the XSL-FO specification, this part is not
- standardized. Therefore, the area tree XML format is a FOP-proprietary XML file format.
- The area tree XML can be generated through the area tree XML Renderer (the XMLRenderer).
- </p>
- <p>
- The second intermediate format (which we shall name exactly like this: the intermediate
- format)
- is a recent addition which tries to meet a slightly different set of goals. It is highly
- optimized for speed.
- </p>
- <p>
- The intermediate format can be used to generate intermediate documents that are modified
- before they are finally rendered to their ultimate output format. Modifications include
- adjusting and changing trait values, adding or modifying area objects, inserting prefabricated
- pages, overlays, imposition (n-up, rotation, scaling etc.). Multiple IF files can be combined
- to a single output file.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="which-if">
- <title>Which Intermediate Format to choose?</title>
- <p>
- Both formats have their use cases, so the choice you will make will depend on your
- particular situation. Here is a list of strengths and use cases for both formats:
- </p>
- <section id="strengths-at">
- <title>Area Tree XML (AT XML)</title>
- <ul>
- <li>1:1 representation of FOP's area tree in XML.</li>
- <li>Contains more structure information than the new intermediate format.</li>
- <li>Used in FOP's layout engine test suite for regression testing.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="strengths-if">
- <title>Intermediate Format (IF)</title>
- <ul>
- <li>Highly optimized for speed.</li>
- <li>Smaller XML files.</li>
- <li>Easier to post-process.</li>
- <li>XML Schema is available.</li>
- <li>
- Recommended for use cases where documents are formatted concurrently and later
- concatenated to a single print job.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <p>
- More technical information about the two formats can be found on the
- <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AreaTreeIntermediateXml/NewDesign">FOP Wiki</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="architecture">
- <title>Architectural Overview</title>
- <figure src="images/if-architecture-overview.png"
- alt="Diagram with an architectural overview over the intermediate formats"/>
- </section>
- <section id="usage">
- <title>Usage of the Area Tree XML format (AT XML)</title>
- <p>
- As already mentioned, the area tree XML format is generated by using the
- <strong>XMLRenderer</strong> (MIME type: <strong>application/X-fop-areatree</strong>).
- So, you basically set the right MIME type for the output format and process your FO files
- as if you would create a PDF file.
- </p>
- <p>
- However, there is an important detail to consider: The
- various Renderers don't all use the same font sources. To be able to create the right
- area tree for the ultimate output format, you need to create the area tree XML file using
- the right font setup. This is achieved by telling the XMLRenderer to mimic another
- renderer. This is done by calling the XMLRenderer's mimicRenderer() method with an
- instance of the ultimate target renderer as the single parameter. This has a consequence:
- An area tree XML file rendered with the Java2DRenderer may not look as expected when it
- was actually generated for the PDF renderer. For renderers that use the same font setup,
- this restriction does not apply (PDF and PS, for example). Generating the area tree XML
- format file is the first step.
- </p>
- <p>
- The second step is to reparse the file using the <strong>AreaTreeParser</strong> which is
- found in the org.apache.fop.area package. The pages retrieved from the area tree XML file
- are added to an AreaTreeModel instance from where they are normally rendered using one of
- the available Renderer implementations. You can find examples for the area tree XML
- processing in the
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/"><code>examples/embedding</code></a>
- directory in the FOP distribution.
- </p>
- <p>
- The basic pattern to parse the area tree XML format looks like this:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-
-// Setup output
-OutputStream out = new java.io.FileOutputStream(pdffile);
-out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);
-try {
- //Setup fonts and user agent
- FontInfo fontInfo = new FontInfo();
- FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
-
- //Construct the AreaTreeModel that will received the individual pages
- AreaTreeModel treeModel = new RenderPagesModel(userAgent,
- MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, fontInfo, out);
-
- //Parse the area tree file into the area tree
- AreaTreeParser parser = new AreaTreeParser();
- Source src = new StreamSource(myIFFile);
- parser.parse(src, treeModel, userAgent);
-
- //Signal the end of the processing. The renderer can finalize the target document.
- treeModel.endDocument();
-} finally {
- out.close();
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- This example simply reads an area tree file and renders it to a PDF file. Please note, that in normal
- FOP operation you're shielded from having to instantiate the FontInfo object yourself. This
- is normally a task of the AreaTreeHandler which is not present in this scenario. The same
- applies to the AreaTreeModel instance, in this case an instance of a subclass called
- RenderPagesModel. RenderPagesModel is ideal in this case as it has very little overhead
- processing the individual pages. An important line in the example is the call to
- <code>endDocument()</code> on the AreaTreeModel. This lets the Renderer know that the processing
- is now finished.
- </p>
- <p>
- The area tree XML format can also be used from the <a href="running.html#standalone-start">command-line</a>
- by using the "-atin" parameter for specifying the area tree XML as input file. You can also
- specify a "mimic renderer" by inserting a MIME type between "-at" and the output file.
- </p>
- <section id="concat">
- <title>Concatenating Documents</title>
- <p>
- This initial example is obviously not very useful. It would be faster to create the PDF file
- directly. As the <a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/atxml/ExampleConcat.java">ExampleConcat.java</a>
- example shows you can easily parse multiple area tree files in a row and add the parsed pages to the
- same AreaTreeModel instance which essentially concatenates all the input document to one single
- output document.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="modifying">
- <title>Modifying Documents</title>
- <p>
- One of the most important use cases for this format is obviously modifying the area
- tree XML before finally rendering it to the target format. You can easily use XSLT to process
- the AT XML file according to your needs. Please note, that we will currently not formally describe
- the area tree XML format. You need to have a good understanding its structure so you don't
- create any non-parseable files. We may add an XML Schema and more detailed documentation at a
- later time. You're invited to help us with that.
- </p>
- <note>
- The area tree XML format is sensitive to changes in whitespace. If you're not careful,
- the modified file may not render correctly.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="advanced">
- <title>Advanced Use</title>
- <p>
- The generation of the area tree format as well as it parsing process has been designed to allow
- for maximum flexibility and optimization. Please note that you can call <code>setTransformerHandler()</code> on
- XMLRenderer to give the XMLRenderer your own TransformerHandler instance in case you would like to
- do custom serialization (to a W3C DOM, for example) and/or to directly modify the area tree using
- XSLT. The AreaTreeParser on the other side allows you to retrieve a ContentHandler instance where
- you can manually send SAX events to to start the parsing process (see <code>getContentHandler()</code>).
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="usage-if">
- <title>Usage of the Intermediate Format (IF)</title>
- <p>
- The Intermediate Format (IF) is generated by the <strong>IFSerializer</strong>
- (MIME type: <strong>application/X-fop-intermediate-format</strong>).
- So, you basically set the right MIME type for the output format and process your FO files
- as if you would create a PDF file.
- </p>
- <p>
- The IFSerializer is an implementation of the <strong>IFDocumentHandler</strong> and
- <strong>IFPainter</strong> interfaces. The <strong>IFRenderer</strong> class is responsible
- for converting FOP's area tree into calls against these two interfaces.
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- IFDocumentHandler: This interface is used on the document-level and defines the
- overall structure of the Intermediate Format.
- </li>
- <li>
- IFPainter: This interface is used to generate graphical page content like text, images
- and borders.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- As with the AT XML, there is an important detail to consider: The various output
- implementations don't all use the same font sources. To be able
- to create the right IF for the ultimate output file, you need to create the IF file using
- the right font setup. This is achieved by telling the IFRenderer (responsible for
- converting the area tree into calls to the IFDocumentHandler and IFPainter interfaces)
- to mimic another renderer. This is done by calling the IFSerializer's
- mimicDocumentHandler() method with an instance of the ultimate target document handler
- as the single parameter. This has a consequence: An IF file rendered with the
- Java2DDocumentHandler may not look as expected when it was actually generated for the PDF
- implementation. For implementations that use the same font setup,
- this restriction does not apply (PDF and PS, for example). Generating the Intermediate
- Format file is the first step.
- </p>
- <p>
- The second step is to reparse the file using the <strong>IFParser</strong> which is
- found in the org.apache.fop.render.intermediate package. The IFParser simply takes an
- IFDocumentHandler instance against which it generates the appropriate calls. The IFParser
- is implemented as a SAX ContentHandler so you're free to choose the method for
- post-processing the IF file(s). You can use XSLT or write SAX- or DOM-based code to
- manipulate the contents. You can find examples for the Intermediate Format
- processing in the
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/"><code>examples/embedding</code></a>
- directory in the FOP distribution.
- </p>
- <p>
- The basic pattern to parse the intermediate format looks like this:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-
-// Setup output
-OutputStream out = new java.io.FileOutputStream(pdffile);
-out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream(out);
-try {
- //Setup user agent
- FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
-
- //Create IFDocumentHandler instance
- IFDocumentHandler targetHandler;
- String mime = MimeConstants.MIME_PDF;
- targetHandler = fopFactory.getRendererFactory().createDocumentHandler(
- userAgent, mime);
-
- //Setup fonts
- IFUtil.setupFonts(targetHandler);
-
- //Tell the target handler where to write the PDF to
- targetHandler.setResult(new StreamResult(pdffile));
-
- //Parse the IF file
- IFParser parser = new IFParser();
- Source src = new StreamSource(myIFFile);
- parser.parse(src, targetHandler, userAgent);
-
-} finally {
- out.close();
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- This example simply reads an intermediate file and renders it to a PDF file. Here
- IFParser.parse() is used, but you can also just get a SAX ContentHandler by using the
- IFParser.getContentHandler() method.
- </p>
- <section id="concat-if">
- <title>Concatenating Documents</title>
- <p>
- This initial example is obviously not very useful. It would be faster to create the PDF file
- directly (without the intermediate step). As the
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/embedding/java/embedding/intermediate/ExampleConcat.java">ExampleConcat.java</a>
- example shows you can easily parse multiple intermediate files in a row and use the
- IFConcatenator class to concatenate page sequences from multiple source files to a single
- output file. This particular example does the concatenation on the level of the
- IFDocumentHandler interface. You could also do this in XSLT or using SAX on the XML level.
- Whatever suits your process best.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="modifying-if">
- <title>Modifying Documents</title>
- <p>
- One of the most important use cases for this format is obviously modifying the
- intermediate format before finally rendering it to the target format. You can easily use
- XSLT to process the IF file according to your needs.
- </p>
- <p>
- There is an XML Schema (located under
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/src/documentation/intermediate-format-ng/">src/documentation/intermediate-format-ng</a>)
- that helps you verify that your modified content is correct.
- </p>
- <p>
- For certain output formats there's a caveat: Formats like AFP and PCL do not support
- arbitrary transformations on the IF's "viewport" and "g" elements. Possible are
- only rotations in 90 degree steps and translations.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="advanced-if">
- <title>Advanced Use</title>
- <p>
- The generation of the intermediate format as well as it parsing process has been
- designed to allow for maximum flexibility and optimization. So rather than just passing
- in a StreamResult to IFSerializer's setResult() method, you can also use a SAXResult
- or a DOMResult. And as you've already seen , the IFParser on the other side allows you
- to retrieve a ContentHandler instance where you can manually send SAX events to
- start the parsing process (see <code>getContentHandler()</code>).
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<known-issues>
- <known-issue>
- Support for Unicode characters outside of the Base Multilingual Plane (BMP), i.e., characters
- whose code points are greater than 65535, is not yet implemented.
- See <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=51843">bug 51843</link>.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- The writing-mode property does not produce the expected behavior when specified on
- <code>fo:simple-page-master</code> or <code>fo:region-*</code> elements.
- See <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=53276">bug 53276</link>.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- Support for Devanagari and other Indic scripts is not yet complete.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- Use of Unicode U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ) or U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ)
- does not prevent or force contextual substitution, respectively, when used with Arabic script.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- Use of Unicode U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER (ZWNJ) or U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER (ZWJ)
- does not affect conjunct formation or other special behavior prescribed when used with Indic scripts.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- Support for automatic line breaking at orthographic syllable segment boundaries in Indic
- or Southeast Asian scripts is not yet available. In the mean time, use U+200B ZERO WIDTH SPACE (ZWSP).
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- Complex script content is presently supported only with AT, IF, and PDF output formats.
- </known-issue>
- <known-issue>
- When complex script text encounters an <code>fo:inline</code> or <code>fo:character</code> boundary,
- contextual substitution and ligature formation will not occur across the boundary. This prevents,
- for example, applying a different color to an Arabic Letter within an Arabic word, unless that letter
- is a non-joining letter (on both sides).
- </known-issue>
-</known-issues>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Known Issues</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
-<body>
-<section>
- <title>Known issues</title>
- <p>
- This page lists currently known issues in the current release.
- </p>
- <note>
- <p>
- For additional information on known issues in Apache™ FOP, please have a look at the following pages, too:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="../bugs.html">the bug list in Bugzilla</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/FOPProjectTasks">the task list in the Wiki</a></li>
- </ul>
- </note>
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP has an extensive automated testing infrastructure. Parts of this infrastructure are several
- sets of test cases. When a test case is listed in disabled-testcases.xml it is disabled in the JUnit
- tests during the normal build process. This indicates a problem in the current codebase. When a bug is
- fixed or a missing feature is added the entry for the relevant test case(s) are removed.
- </p>
- <section>
- <title>FO Tree</title>
- <p>
- This section lists disabled test cases in the test suite for the FO tree tests, at the time
- of the release.
- </p>
- <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-fotree_1.1rc1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Layout Engine</title>
- <p>
- This section lists disabled test cases in the test suite for the layout engine tests, at the
- time of the release.
- </p>
- <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-layoutengine_1.1rc1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Other known issues</title>
- <p>This section lists some other issues that post-date the release of FOP 1.0. For known issues that pre-date FOP 1.0, see
- <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?chfieldto=2010-07-20&chfield=%5BBug%20creation%5D&query_format=advanced&chfieldfrom=2001-01-01&bug_status=NEW&bug_status=ASSIGNED&bug_status=REOPENED&bug_status=NEEDINFO&product=Fop">older bugs that remain open</link>.
- For all open issues that post-date FOP 1.0, see
- <link href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?chfieldto=Now&chfield=%5BBug%20creation%5D&query_format=advanced&chfieldfrom=2010-07-20&bug_status=NEW&bug_status=ASSIGNED&bug_status=REOPENED&bug_status=NEEDINFO&product=Fop">newer bugs that remain open</link>.
- </p>
- <!-- See <root>/known-issues.xml for the source document of this section! -->
- <xi:include href="cocoon://knownissues-raw-static_1.1rc1.xml#xpointer(/document/body/*)"/>
- </section>
-</section>
-</body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="disabled-testcases.xsl"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!--DOCTYPE disabled-testcases SYSTEM "disabled-testcases.dtd"-->
-<disabled-testcases>
- <testcase>
- <name>Auto-height block-containers produce fences</name>
- <file>block-container_space-before_space-after_3.xml</file>
- <description>Block-containers with no height currently don't
- create a fence for spaces as they should (they behave like a
- normal block).</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>font-stretch NYI</name>
- <file>block_font-stretch.xml</file>
- <description>Font-stretch is not implemented, yet.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>linefeed-treatment</name>
- <file>block_linefeed-treatment.xml</file>
- <description>Preserved linefeeds in a fo:character are not handled
- correctly.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>white-space-treatment</name>
- <file>block_white-space-treatment_3.xml</file>
- <description>White space handling incorrectly stops at fo:inline
- boundaries when it comes to formatter generated line breaks.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Empty blocks produce fences</name>
- <file>block_space-before_space-after_8.xml</file>
- <description>An empty block currently produces a fence for
- stacking constraints which it shouldn't.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>block white-space nbsp 2</name>
- <file>block_white-space_nbsp_2.xml</file>
- <description>The nbsp given as an fo:character is not adjustable and therefore
- the justification does not work in this case.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>block word-spacing</name>
- <file>block_word-spacing.xml</file>
- <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>block word-spacing text-align justify</name>
- <file>block_word-spacing_text-align_justify.xml</file>
- <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>external-graphic don't shrink</name>
- <file>external-graphic_oversized.xml</file>
- <description>Images currently don't shrink so they fit on a page
- when they are too big and shrinking is allowed to
- happen (min/opt/max).</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Test case with HTTP URL</name>
- <file>external-graphic_src_uri.xml</file>
- <description>Doesn't work behind a proxy which requires
- authorization.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Space Resolution in foot note area</name>
- <file>footnote_space-resolution.xml</file>
- <description>Space resolution does not work between footnote
- regions.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>NPE for table inside an inline</name>
- <file>inline_block_nested_3.xml</file>
- <description>Placing a table as a child of an fo:inline produces a
- NullPointerException.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>inline-container is not implemented, yet.</name>
- <file>inline-container_block_nested.xml</file>
- <description>inline-container is not implemented, yet. Content of an
- inline-container will get swallowed. The test case contains no checks.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>inline-container is not implemented, yet.</name>
- <file>inline-container_border_padding.xml</file>
- <description>inline-container is not implemented, yet. Content of an
- inline-container will get swallowed.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>inline letter-spacing</name>
- <file>inline_letter-spacing.xml</file>
- <description>Letter-spacing may not work as
- expected within fo:inline.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>inline word-spacing</name>
- <file>inline_word-spacing.xml</file>
- <description>Word-spacing may not work as expected within
- fo:inline.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>inline word-spacing text-align justify</name>
- <file>inline_word-spacing_text-align_justify.xml</file>
- <description></description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>leader-alignment NYI</name>
- <file>leader-alignment.xml</file>
- <description>Leader-alignment is not yet
- implemented.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>leader-pattern="use-content": Problem with line height</name>
- <file>leader_leader-pattern_use-content_bug.xml</file>
- <description>Line height is not correctly calculated for
- use-content leaders whose height is larger than the rest of the
- line.</description>
- <reference>http://www.nabble.com/leaders-with-leader-pattern%3D%22use-content%22-t546244.html</reference>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Page breaking doesn't deal with IPD changes</name>
- <file>page-breaking_4.xml</file>
- <description>Page breaking currently doesn't support changing available IPD
- between pages of a single page-sequence. Element list generation has to be reset to
- redetermine line breaks in this case.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Overflow handing is incomplete</name>
- <file>page-breaking_6.xml</file>
- <description>Line breaking is not 100% correct when there's too little space.
- Overflows are not detected and warned.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Indefinite page height handling is imcomplete</name>
- <file>page-height_indefinite_simple.xml</file>
- <description>A RuntimeException is thrown for a page of indefinite height. Lots of warnings.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>page-number-citation: Problem with background-image</name>
- <file>page-number-citation_background-image.xml</file>
- <description>Background-images on page-number-citations are not
- placed correctly.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>IDs are not working on all FO elements</name>
- <file>page-number-citation_complex_1.xml</file>
- <description>The "id" attributes are not properly handled for all block-level FO elements.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>IDs are not working on all FO elements</name>
- <file>page-number-citation_complex_2.xml</file>
- <description>The "id" attributes are not properly handled for all inline-level FO elements.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Footnotes in multi-column documents</name>
- <file>region-body_column-count_footnote.xml</file>
- <description>Footnotes may overlap with text of the region-body in
- multi-column documents.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Column Balancing problems</name>
- <file>region-body_column-count_balance_4col.xml</file>
- <description>Situation in a 4-column document where the column balancing doesn't work and even causes some
- content to disappear.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Column Balancing problems</name>
- <file>region-body_column-count_bug36356.xml</file>
- <description>Column balancing doesn't work as expected.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>table-cell empty area with marker.xml</name>
- <file>table-cell_empty_area_with_marker.xml</file>
- <description>A table-cell producing an empty area does currently not add any markers to a page.
- See TODO entry in AreaAdditionUtil.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Border conditionality on table</name>
- <file>table_border-width_conditionality.xml</file>
- <description>The code should be ok, but the test case uses shorthands and therefore
- is probably not expressing the indended outcome according to the spec. The test
- case should be revisited.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Soft hyphen with normal hyphenation enabled</name>
- <file>block_shy_linebreaking_hyph.xml</file>
- <description>A soft hyphen should be a preferred as break compared to a
- normal hyphenation point but is not.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Page-keep not respected in multi-column layout</name>
- <file>keep_within-page_multi-column_overflow.xml</file>
- <description>The block should cause overflow in the
- last column on the page, rather than be broken.</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Block Container Reference Orientation Bug</name>
- <file>block-container_reference-orientation_bug36391.xml</file>
- <description>An assert is failing</description>
- </testcase>
- <testcase>
- <name>Writing mode problems</name>
- <file>simple-page-master_writing-mode_rl_region-body_writing-mode-lr.xml</file>
- <description>Test erroneously depends upon incorrect implementation of writing-mode trait
- derivation on fo:region-*.</description>
- </testcase>
-</disabled-testcases>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Metadata</title>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- Document metadata is an important tool for categorizing and finding documents.
- Various formats support different kinds of metadata representation and to
- different levels. One of the more popular and flexible means of representing
- document or object metadata is
- <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/">XMP (eXtensible Metadata Platform, specified by Adobe)</a>.
- PDF 1.4 introduced the use of XMP. The XMP specification lists recommendation for
- embedding XMP metdata in other document and image formats. Given its flexibility it makes
- sense to make use this approach in the XSL-FO context. Unfortunately, unlike SVG which
- also refers to XMP, XSL-FO doesn't recommend a preferred way of specifying document and
- object metadata. Therefore, there's no portable way to represent metadata in XSL-FO
- documents. Each implementation does it differently.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="xmp-in-fo">
- <title>Embedding XMP in an XSL-FO document</title>
- <p>
- As noted above, there's no officially recommended way to embed metadata in XSL-FO.
- Apache™ FOP supports embedding XMP in XSL-FO. Currently, only support for document-level
- metadata is implemented. Object-level metadata will be implemented when there's
- interest.
- </p>
- <p>
- Document-level metadata can be specified in the <code>fo:declarations</code> element.
- XMP specification recommends to use <code>x:xmpmeta</code>, <code>rdf:RDF</code>, and
- <code>rdf:Description</code> elements as shown in example below. Both
- <code>x:xmpmeta</code> and <code>rdf:RDF</code> elements are recognized as the top-level
- element introducing an XMP fragment (as per the XMP specification).
- </p>
- <section id="xmp-example">
- <title>Example</title>
- <source><![CDATA[[..]
-</fo:layout-master-set>
-<fo:declarations>
- <x:xmpmeta xmlns:x="adobe:ns:meta/">
- <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
- <rdf:Description rdf:about=""
- xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
- <!-- Dublin Core properties go here -->
- <dc:title>Document title</dc:title>
- <dc:creator>Document author</dc:creator>
- <dc:description>Document subject</dc:description>
- </rdf:Description>
- <rdf:Description rdf:about=""
- xmlns:xmp="http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/">
- <!-- XMP properties go here -->
- <xmp:CreatorTool>Tool used to make the PDF</xmp:CreatorTool>
- </rdf:Description>
- </rdf:RDF>
- </x:xmpmeta>
-</fo:declarations>
-<fo:page-sequence ...
-[..]]]></source>
- <note>
- <code>fo:declarations</code> <strong>must</strong> be declared after
- <code>fo:layout-master-set</code> and before the first <code>page-sequence</code>.
- </note>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="xmp-impl-in-fop">
- <title>Implementation in Apache FOP</title>
- <p>
- Currently, XMP support is only available for PDF output.
- </p>
- <p>
- Originally, you could set some metadata information through FOP's FOUserAgent by
- using its set*() methods (like setTitle(String) or setAuthor(String). These values are
- directly used to set value in the PDF Info object. Since PDF 1.4, adding metadata as an
- XMP document to a PDF is possible. That means that there are now two mechanisms in PDF
- that hold metadata.
- </p>
- <p>
- Apache FOP now synchronizes the Info and the Metadata object in PDF, i.e. when you
- set the title and the author through the FOUserAgent, the two values will end up in
- the (old) Info object and in the new Metadata object as XMP content. If instead of
- FOUserAgent, you embed XMP metadata in the XSL-FO document (as shown above), the
- XMP metadata will be used as-is in the PDF Metadata object and some values from the
- XMP metadata will be copied to the Info object to maintain backwards-compatibility
- for PDF readers that don't support XMP metadata.
- </p>
- <p>
- The mapping between the Info and the Metadata object used by Apache FOP comes from
- the <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=38920">PDF/A-1 specification</a>.
- For convenience, here's the mapping table:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">Document information dictionary</th>
- <th colspan="3">XMP</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <th>Entry</th>
- <th>PDF type</th>
- <th>Property</th>
- <th>XMP type</th>
- <th>Category</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Title</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>dc:title</td>
- <td>Text</td>
- <td>External</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Author</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>dc:creator</td>
- <td>seq Text</td>
- <td>External</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Subject</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>dc:description["x-default"]</td>
- <td>Text</td>
- <td>External</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Keywords</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>pdf:Keywords</td>
- <td>Text</td>
- <td>External</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Creator</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>xmp:CreatorTool</td>
- <td>Text</td>
- <td>External</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Producer</td>
- <td>text string</td>
- <td>pdf:Producer</td>
- <td>Text</td>
- <td>Internal</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>CreationDate</td>
- <td>date</td>
- <td>xmp:CreationDate</td>
- <td>Date</td>
- <td>Internal</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>ModDate</td>
- <td>date</td>
- <td>xmp:ModifyDate</td>
- <td>Date</td>
- <td>Internal</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <note>
- "Internal" in the Category column means that the user should not set this value.
- It is set by the application.
- </note>
- <note>
- The "Subject" used to be mapped to <code>dc:subject</code> in the initial publication of
- PDF/A-1 (ISO 19005-1). In the
- <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=45613">Technical Corrigendum 1</a>
- this was changed to map to <code>dc:description["x-default"]</code>.
- </note>
- <section id="namespaces">
- <title>Namespaces</title>
- <p>
- Metadata is made of property sets where each property set uses a different namespace URI.
- </p>
- <p>
- The following is a listing of namespaces that Apache FOP recognizes and acts upon,
- mostly to synchronize the XMP metadata with the PDF Info dictionary:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Set/Schema</th>
- <th>Namespace Prefix</th>
- <th>Namespace URI</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Dublin Core</td>
- <td>dc</td>
- <td>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>XMP Basic</td>
- <td>xmp</td>
- <td>http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Adobe PDF Schema</td>
- <td>pdf</td>
- <td>http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- Please refer to the <a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">XMP Specification</a>
- for information on other metadata namespaces.
- </p>
- <p>
- Property sets (Namespaces) not listed here are simply passed through to the final
- document (if supported). That is useful if you want to specify a custom metadata
- schema.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="links">
- <title>Links</title>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/">Adobe's Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) website</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">Adobe XMP Specification</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/xmp/sdk/XMPspecification.pdf">Adobe XMP Specification</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://dublincore.org/">http://dublincore.org/</a></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<!-- Output Formats: Renderers -->
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP Output Formats</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- <authors>
- <person name="Keiron Liddle" email="keiron@aftexsw.com"/>
- <person name="Art Welch" email=""/>
- </authors>
- </header>
-
- <body>
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP supports multiple output formats by using a different renderer for each format.
- The renderers do not all have the same set of capabilities, sometimes because of
- the output format itself, sometimes because some renderers get more development
- attention than others.
- </p>
- <section id="general">
- <title>General Information</title>
- <section id="general-fonts">
- <title>Fonts</title>
- <p>
- Most FOP renderers use a FOP-specific system for font registration.
- However, the Java2D/AWT and print renderers use the Java AWT package, which gets its
- font information from the operating system registration.
- This can result in several differences, including actually using different fonts,
- and having different font metrics for the same font.
- The net effect is that the layout of a given FO document can be quite different between
- renderers that do not use the same font information.
- </p>
- <p>
- Theoretically, there's some potential to make the output of the PDF/PS renderers match
- the output of the Java2D-based renderers. If FOP used the font metrics from its own
- font subsystem but still used Java2D for text painting in the Java2D-based renderers,
- this could probably be achieved. However, this approach hasn't been implemented, yet.
- </p>
- <p>
- With a work-around, it is possible to match the PDF/PS output in a Java2D-based
- renderer pretty closely. The clue is to use the
- <a href="intermediate.html">intermediate format</a>. The trick is to layout the
- document using FOP's own font subsystem but then render the document using Java2D.
- Here are the necessary steps (using the command-line):
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>
- Produce an IF file: <code>fop -fo myfile.fo -at application/pdf myfile.at.xml</code><br/>
- Specifying "application/pdf" for the "-at" parameter causes FOP to use FOP's own
- font subsystem (which is used by the PDF renderer). Note that no PDF file is created
- in this step.
- </li>
- <li>Render to a PDF file: <code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -pdf myfile.pdf</code></li>
- <li>Render to a Java2D-based renderer:
- <ul>
- <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -print</code></li>
- <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -awt</code></li>
- <li><code>fop -atin myfile.at.xml -tiff myfile.tiff</code></li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- </ol>
- </section>
- <section id="general-direct-output">
- <title>Output to a Printer or Other Device</title>
- <p>
- The most obvious way to print your document is to use the FOP
- <a href="#print">print renderer</a>, which uses the Java2D API (AWT).
- However, you can also send output from the Postscript renderer directly to a Postscript
- device, or output from the PCL renderer directly to a PCL device.
- </p>
- <p>
- Here are Windows command-line examples for Postscript and PCL:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[fop ... -ps \\computername\printer]]></source>
- <source><![CDATA[fop ... -pcl \\computername\printer]]></source>
- <p>
- Here is some Java code to accomplish the task in UNIX:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("lp -d" + print_queue + " -o -dp -");
-out = proc.getOutputStream();]]></source>
- <p>
- Set the output MIME type to "application/x-pcl" (MimeConstants.MIME_PCL) and
- it happily sends the PCL to the UNIX printer queue.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="pdf">
- <title>PDF</title>
- <p>
- PDF is the best supported output format. It is also the most accurate
- with text and layout. This creates a PDF document that is streamed out
- as each page is rendered. This means that the internal page index
- information is stored near the end of the document.
- The PDF version supported is 1.4. PDF versions are forwards/backwards
- compatible.
- </p>
- <p>
- Note that FOP does not currently support PDF/A-1a.
- Support for <a href="accessibility.html">Tagged PDF</a>, <a href="pdfa.html">PDF/A-1b</a>
- and <a href="pdfx.html">PDF/X</a> has recently been added, however.
- </p>
- <section id="pdf-fonts">
- <title>Fonts</title>
- <p>
- PDF has a set of fonts that are always available to all PDF viewers;
- to quote from the PDF Specification:
-
- <em>"PDF prescribes a set of 14 standard fonts that can be used without prior
- definition.
- These include four faces each of three Latin text typefaces (Courier,
- Helvetica, and Times), as well as two symbolic fonts (Symbol and ITC Zapf
- Dingbats). These fonts, or suitable substitute fonts with the same metrics, are
- guaranteed to be available in all PDF viewer applications."</em>
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pdf-postprocess">
- <title>Post-processing</title>
- <p>
- FOP does not currently support several desirable PDF features: watermarks and signatures.
- One workaround is to use Adobe Acrobat (the full version, not the Reader) to process
- the file manually or with scripting that it supports.
- </p>
- <p>
- Another popular post-processing tool is <a href="http://www.lowagie.com/iText">iText</a>,
- which has tools for adding security features, document properties, watermarks, and many
- other features to PDF files.
- </p>
- <warning>
- Caveat: iText may swallow PDF bookmarks. But
- <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37589">Jens Stavnstrup tells us</a>
- that this doesn't happen if you use iText's PDFStamper.
- </warning>
- <p>
- Here is some sample code that uses iText to encrypt a FOP-generated PDF. (Note that FOP now
- supports <a href="pdfencryption.html">PDF encryption</a>. However the principles for using
- iText for other PDF features are similar.)
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[public static void main(String args[]) {
- try {
- ByteArrayOutputStream fopout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- FileOutputStream outfile = new FileOutputStream(args[2]);
- FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
- Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, fopout);
-
- Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(
- new StreamSource(new File(args[1])));
- transformer.transform(new StreamSource(new File(args[0])),
- new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler()));
- PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(fopout.toByteArray());
- int n = reader.getNumberOfPages();
- Document document = new Document(reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(1));
- PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, outfile);
- writer.setEncryption(PdfWriter.STRENGTH40BITS, "pdf", null,
- PdfWriter.AllowCopy);
- document.open();
- PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();
- PdfImportedPage page;
- int rotation;
- int i = 0;
- while (i < n) {
- i++;
- document.setPageSize(reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(i));
- document.newPage();
- page = writer.getImportedPage(reader, i);
- rotation = reader.getPageRotation(i);
- if (rotation == 90 || rotation == 270) {
- cb.addTemplate(page, 0, -1f, 1f, 0, 0,
- reader.getPageSizeWithRotation(i).height());
- } else {
- cb.addTemplate(page, 1f, 0, 0, 1f, 0, 0);
- }
- System.out.println("Processed page " + i);
- }
- document.close();
- } catch( Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
-}]]></source>
- <p>
- Check the iText tutorial and documentation for setting access flags, password,
- encryption strength and other parameters.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pdf-watermark">
- <title>Watermarks</title>
- <p>
- In addition to the <a href="#pdf-postprocess">PDF Post-processing</a> options, consider the following workarounds:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Use a background image for the body region.
- </li>
- <li>
- (submitted by Trevor Campbell) Place an image in a
- region that overlaps the flowing text. For example, make
- region-before large enough to contain your image. Then include a
- block (if necessary, use an absolutely positioned block-container)
- containing the watermark image in the static-content for the
- region-before. Note that the image will be drawn on top of the
- normal content.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="pdf-extensions">
- <title>Extensions</title>
- <p>The PDF Renderer supports some PDF specific extensions which can be embedded
- into the input FO document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must
- be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:pdf="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/pdf">
- ]]></source>
- <section id="pdf-embedded-file">
- <title>Embedded Files</title>
- <p>
- It is possible to attach/embed arbitrary files into a PDF file. You can give a name and
- a description of the file. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:declarations>
- <pdf:embedded-file filename="image.jpg" src="url(file:///C:/Temp/myimage.jpg)" description="My image"/>
- <pdf:embedded-file src="url(file:///C:/Temp/MyTextDoc.odt)"/>
- </fo:declarations>
- ]]></source>
- <p>
- <code>pdf:embedded-file</code> must be a child of <code>fo:declarations</code>.
- The "src" property is used to reference the file that is to be embedded. This property
- uses the "uri-specification" datatype from the XSL-FO specification.
- The "filename" property is optional. If it is missing the filename is automatically set
- from the URI/IRI of the "src" property. An optional description can also be added to
- further describe the file attachment.
- </p>
- <p>
- It is also possible to reference an embedded file from an <code>fo:basic-link</code>.
- Use the special "embedded-file:" URI scheme with the filename as single argument after
- the URI scheme. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fo:basic-link external-destination="url(embedded-file:image.jpg)">Attached Image</fo:basic-link>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- Note: Not all PDF Viewers (including some Acrobat Versions) will open the embedded file
- when clicking on the link. In that case, the user will have to open he attachment via
- the separate list of file attachments.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
-<section id="ps">
- <title>PostScript</title>
- <p>
- The PostScript renderer has been brought up to a similar quality as the
- PDF renderer, but may still be missing certain features. It provides good
- support for most text and layout.
- Images and SVG are not fully supported, yet. Currently, the PostScript
- renderer generates PostScript Level 3 with most DSC comments. Actually,
- the only Level 3 features used are the FlateDecode and DCTDecode
- filter (the latter is used for 1:1 embedding of JPEG images), everything
- else is Level 2.
- </p>
- <section id="ps-configuration">
- <title>Configuration</title>
- <p>
- The PostScript renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/postscript">
- <auto-rotate-landscape>false</auto-rotate-landscape>
- <language-level>3</language-level>
- <optimize-resources>false</optimize-resources>
- <safe-set-page-device>false</safe-set-page-device>
- <dsc-compliant>true</dsc-compliant>
- <rendering>quality</rendering>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the "auto-rotate-landscape" setting is "false". Setting it
- to "true" will automatically rotate landscape pages and will mark them as landscape.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "language-level" setting is "3". This setting specifies
- the PostScript language level which should be used by FOP. Set this to "2"
- only if you don't have a Level 3 capable interpreter.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "optimize-resources" setting is "false". Setting it
- to "true" will produce the PostScript file in two steps. A temporary file will be
- written first which will then be processed to add only the fonts which were really
- used and images are added to the stream only once as PostScript forms. This will
- reduce file size but can potentially increase the memory needed in the interpreter
- to process.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "safe-set-page-device" setting is "false". Setting it
- to "true" will cause the renderer to invoke a postscript macro which guards against
- the possibility of invalid/unsupported postscript key/values being issued to the
- implementing postscript page device.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "dsc-compliant" setting is "true". Setting it
- to "false" will break DSC compliance by minimizing the number of setpagedevice
- calls in the postscript document output. This feature may be useful when unwanted
- blank pages are experienced in your postscript output. This problem is caused by
- the particular postscript implementation issuing unwanted postscript subsystem
- initgraphics/erasepage calls on each setpagedevice call.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "rendering" setting is "quality". Setting it to "size"
- optimizes rendering for smaller file sizes which can involve minor compromises in
- rendering quality. For example, solid borders are then painted as plain rectangles
- instead of the elaborate painting instructions required for mixed-color borders.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="ps-limitations">
- <title>Limitations</title>
- <ul>
- <li>Images and SVG may not be displayed correctly. SVG support is far from being complete. No image transparency is available.</li>
- <li>Only Type 1 fonts are supported.</li>
- <li>Multibyte characters are not supported.</li>
- <li>PPD support is still missing.</li>
- </ul>
- </section>
-</section>
- <section id="pcl">
- <title>PCL</title>
- <p>
- This format is for the Hewlett-Packard PCL printers and other printers
- supporting PCL. It should produce output as close to identical as possible
- to the printed output of the PDFRenderer within the limitations of the
- renderer, and output device.
- </p>
- <p>
- The output created by the PCLRenderer is generic PCL 5, HP GL/2 and PJL.
- This should allow any device fully supporting PCL 5 to be able to
- print the output generated by the PCLRenderer. PJL is used to control the
- print job and switch to the PCL language. PCL 5 is used for text, raster
- graphics and rectangular fill graphics. HP GL/2 is used for more complex
- painting operations. Certain painting operations are done off-screen and
- rendered to PCL as bitmaps because of limitations in PCL 5.
- </p>
- <section id="pcl-references">
- <title>References</title>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printer_Control_Language">WikiPedia entry on PCL</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/Document.jsp?objectID=bpl04568">Technical reference documents on PCL from Hewlett-Packard</a></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-limitations">
- <title>Limitations</title>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Text or graphics outside the left or top of the printable area are not
- rendered properly. This is a limitation of PCL, not FOP. In general,
- things that should print to the left of the printable area are shifted
- to the right so that they start at the left edge of the printable area.
- </li>
- <li>
- The Helvetica and Times fonts are not well supported among PCL printers
- so Helvetica is mapped to Arial and Times is mapped to Times New. This
- is done in the PCLRenderer, no changes are required in the FO's. The
- metrics and appearance for Helvetica/Arial and Times/Times New are
- nearly identical, so this has not been a problem so far.
- </li>
- <li>For the non-symbol fonts, the ISO 8859-1 symbol set is used (PCL set "0N").</li>
- <li>
- All fonts available to the Java2D subsystem are usable. The texts are
- painted as bitmap much like the Windows PCL drivers do.
- </li>
- <li>Multibyte characters are not supported.</li>
- <li>
- At the moment, only monochrome output is supported. PCL5c color extensions
- will only be implemented on demand. Color and grayscale images are converted
- to monochrome bitmaps (1-bit). Dithering only occurs if the JAI image library
- is available.
- </li>
- <li>
- Images are scaled up to the next resolution level supported by PCL (75,
- 100, 150, 200, 300, 600 dpi). For color and grayscale images an even
- higher PCL resolution is selected to give the dithering algorithm a chance
- to improve the bitmap quality.
- </li>
- <li>
- Currently, there's no support for clipping and image transparency, largely
- because PCL 5 has certain limitations.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-configuration">
- <title>Configuration</title>
- <p>
- The PCL renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-pcl">
- <rendering>quality</rendering>
- <text-rendering>bitmap</text-rendering>
- <disable-pjl>false</disable-pjl>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the "rendering" setting is "speed" which causes borders
- to be painted as plain rectangles. In this mode, no special borders (dotted,
- dashed etc.) are available. If you want support for all border modes, set the
- value to "quality" as indicated above. This will cause the borders to be painted
- as bitmaps.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "text-rendering" setting is "auto" which paints the
- base fonts using PCL fonts. Non-base fonts are painted as bitmaps through Java2D.
- If the mix of painting methods results in unwelcome output, you can set this
- to "bitmap" which causes all text to be rendered as bitmaps.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the "disable-pjl" setting is "false". This means that
- the PCL renderer usually generates PJL commands before and after the document
- in order to switch a printer into PCL language. PJL commands can be disabled
- if you set this value to "true".
- </p>
- <p>
- You can control the output resolution for the PCL using the "target resolution"
- setting on the FOUserAgent. The actual value will be rounded up to the next
- supported PCL resolution. Currently, only 300 and 600 dpi are supported which
- should be enough for most use cases. Note that this setting directly affects
- the size of the output file and the print quality.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-extensions">
- <title>Extensions</title>
- <p>The PCL Renderer supports some PCL specific extensions which can be embedded
- into the input FO document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must
- be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:pcl="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/pcl">
-]]></source>
- <section id="pcl-page-source">
- <title>Page Source (Tray selection)</title>
- <p>
- The page-source extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
- select the paper tray the sheet for a particular simple-page-master is
- to be taken from. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:paper-source="2">
- ...
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- Note: the tray number is a positive integer and the value depends on
- the target printer. Not all PCL printers support the same paper trays.
- Usually,
- "1" is the default tray,
- "2" is the manual paper feed,
- "3" is the manual envelope feed,
- "4" is the "lower" tray and
- "7" is "auto-select".
- Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-output-bin">
- <title>Output Bin</title>
- <p>
- The <code>output-bin</code> extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
- select the output bin into which the printed output should be fed. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:output-bin="2">
- ...
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- Note: the output bin number is a positive integer and the value depends on
- the target printer. Not all PCL printers support the same output bins.
- Usually,
- "1" is the upper output bin,
- "2" is the lower (rear) output bin.
- Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="pcl-duplex-mode">
- <title>Page Duplex Mode</title>
- <p>
- The duplex-mode extension attribute on fo:simple-page-master allows to
- select the duplex mode to be used for a particular simple-page-master.
- Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" pcl:duplex-mode="0">
- ...
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- Note: the duplex is a positive integer and the value depends on
- the target printer. Not all PCL printers support duplexing.
- Usually,
- "0" is simplex,
- "1" is duplex (long-edge binding),
- "2" is duplex (short-edge binding).
-
- Consult the technical reference for your printer for all available values.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="afp">
- <title>AFP</title>
- <p>
- The FOP AFP Renderer deals with creating documents conforming to the IBM AFP document architecture
- also refered to as MO:DCA (Mixed Object Document Content Architecture).
- </p>
- <p>
- The mapping of XSL-FO elements to the major MO:DCA structures is as follows:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>XSL-FO element</th>
- <th>MO:DCA-P object</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>fo:root</td>
- <td>Document</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>fo:page-sequence</td>
- <td>Page Group</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>fo:simple-page-master</td>
- <td>Page</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- FOP creates exactly one Document per Printfile with an optional Resource Group at the
- beginning. FOP does not create document indices.
- </p>
- <section id="afp-references">
- <title>References</title>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Function_Presentation">AFP (Advanced Function Presentation)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AFPResources">AFP Resources on the FOP WIKI</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/AFPOutput">Technical notes on AFP output in FOP</a></li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-limitations">
- <title>Limitations</title>
- <p>This list is most likely badly incomplete.</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Clipping of text and graphics is not supported.
- </li>
- <li>
- Only IBM outline and raster fonts and to a limited extend the original fonts built into FOP are supported.
- Support for TrueType fonts may be added later.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-compatibility">
- <title>Deployment in older environments</title>
- <p>
- There are still a big number of older (or limited) MO:DCA/IPDS environments in production
- out there. AFP has grown in functionality over time and not every environment supports the
- latest features. We're trying to make AFP output work in as many environments as possible.
- However, to make AFP output work on older environments it is recommended to set to
- configuration to 1 bit per pixel (see below on how to do this). In this case, all images
- are converted to bi-level images using IOCA function set 10 (FS10) and are enclosed in
- page-segments since some implementation cannot deal with IOCA objects directly.
- If a higher number of bits per pixel is configured, FOP has to switch to at least FS11
- which may not work everywhere.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-configuration">
- <title>Configuration</title>
- <section id="afp-font-config">
- <title>Fonts</title>
- <p>The AFP Renderer requires special configuration particularly related to fonts.
- AFP Render configuration is done through the normal FOP configuration file. The MIME type
- for the AFP Renderer is application/x-afp which means the AFP Renderer section in the FOP configuration file
- looks like:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="application/x-afp">
- <!-- AFP Renderer -->
- ...
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>There are 4 font configuration variants supported:</p>
- <ol>
- <li>IBM Raster fonts</li>
- <li>IBM Outline fonts</li>
- <li>IBM CID-keyed (Type 0) fonts</li>
- <li>FOP built-in Base14 fonts</li>
- </ol>
- <p>A typical raster font configuration looks like:</p>
-<source><![CDATA[ <!-- This is an example of mapping actual IBM raster fonts / code pages to a FOP font -->
- <font>
- <!-- The afp-font element defines the IBM code page, the matching Java encoding and the
- base URI for the font -->
- <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" base-uri="fonts/ibm/">
- <!-- For a raster font a separate element for each font size is required providing
- the font size and the corresponding IBM Character set name -->
- <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0N20070"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0N20080"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0N20000"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="11" characterset="C0N200A0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C0N200B0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C0N200D0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="16" characterset="C0N200F0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="18" characterset="C0N200H0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C0N200J0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="24" characterset="C0N200N0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="30" characterset="C0N200T0"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="36" characterset="C0N200Z0"/>
- </afp-font>
- <!-- These are the usual FOP font triplets as they apply to this font -->
- <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Times" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Times-Roman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="TimesNewRoman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>]]></source>
- <p>An outline font configuration is simpler as the individual font size entries are not required.
- However, the characterset definition is now required within the afp-font element.</p>
-<source><![CDATA[ <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH200 "
- base-uri="file:/fonts/ibm" />
- <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- If "base-uri" is missing or a relative URI, the fonts are resolved relative to
- the font base URI specified in the configuration (or on the FopFactory).
- </p>
- <note>
- Previously, the location of the font files was given by the "path" attribute. This is still
- supported for the time being, but you should move to using the more flexible "base-uri"
- attribute so you can profit from the power of URI resolvers.
- </note>
- <p>A CID-keyed font (Type 0, double-byte outline font) configuration is much the same as an outline font.
- However, the characterset definition is now required within the afp-font element.</p>
-<source><![CDATA[ <font>
- <afp-font type="CIDKeyed" characterset="CZJHMNU"
- codepage="T1120000" encoding="UnicodeBigUnmarked"
- base-uri="file:/fonts/ibm" />
- <font-triplet name="J-Heisei Mincho" style="normal" weight="normal" />
- </font>
-]]></source>
- <p>
-Note that the value of the encoding attribute in the example is the double-byte encoding 'UnicodeBigUnmarked' (UTF-16BE).
- </p>
- <p>Experimentation has shown that the font metrics for the FOP built-in Base14 fonts are actually
- very similar to some of the IBM outline and raster fonts. In cases were the IBM font files are not
- available the base-uri attribute in the afp-font element can be replaced by a base14-font attribute
- giving the name of the matching Base14 font. In this case the AFP Renderer will take the
- font metrics from the built-in font.</p>
-<source><![CDATA[ <!-- The following are examples of defining outline fonts based on FOP built-in
- font metrics for the Adobe Base14 fonts -->
- <!-- sans-serif fonts based on Helvetica -->
- <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH200 "
- base14-font="Helvetica" />
- <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
- <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH300 "
- base14-font="HelveticaOblique" />
- <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="any" style="italic" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
- <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH400 "
- base14-font="HelveticaBold" />
- <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="any" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- </font>
- <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZH500 "
- base14-font="HelveticaBoldOblique" />
- <font-triplet name="sans-serif" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="Helvetica" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="any" style="italic" weight="bold"/>
- </font>
-
- <!-- serif fonts based on Times Roman -->
- <font>
- <afp-font type="outline" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500" characterset="CZN200 "
- base14-font="TimesRoman" />
- <font-triplet name="serif" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Times" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Times-Roman" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
-
- <!-- The following are examples of defining raster fonts based on FOP built-in
- font metrics for the Adobe Base14 fonts -->
- <!-- monospaced fonts based on Courier -->
- <font>
- <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500">
- <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0420070" base14-font="Courier"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0420080" base14-font="Courier"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0420000" base14-font="Courier"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C04200B0" base14-font="Courier"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C04200D0" base14-font="Courier"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C04200J0" base14-font="Courier"/>
- </afp-font>
- <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- <font-triplet name="Courier" style="normal" weight="normal"/>
- </font>
- <font>
- <afp-font type="raster" codepage="T1V10500" encoding="Cp500">
- <afp-raster-font size="7" characterset="C0440070" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="8" characterset="C0440080" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="10" characterset="C0440000" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="12" characterset="C04400B0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="14" characterset="C04400D0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- <afp-raster-font size="20" characterset="C04400J0" base14-font="CourierBold"/>
- </afp-font>
- <font-triplet name="monospace" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- <font-triplet name="Courier" style="normal" weight="bold"/>
- </font>]]></source>
- <p>
- By default, all manually configured fonts are embedded, unless they are matched in the
- <a href="fonts.html#embedding"><code>referenced-fonts</code> section of the configuration file</a>.
- However, the default fonts shown above will not be embedded.
- </p>
- <p>
- For double byte EBCDIC encoded character sets, there is an optional tag that must be set to prevent
- characters from being miscoded. This defaults to "false" if not specified.</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <afp-font type="CIDKeyed" codepage="T10835 " encoding="Cp937" characterset="CZTKAI" ebcdic-dbcs="true"/>]]>
- </source>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-renderer-resolution-config">
- <title>Output Resolution</title>
- <p>By default the AFP Renderer creates output with a resolution of 240 dpi.
- This can be overridden by the <renderer-resolution/> configuration element. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <renderer-resolution>240</renderer-resolution>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-line-width-correction-config">
- <title>Line Width Correction</title>
- <p>The default line width in AFP is device dependent. This means that a line width specified in, say,
- a SVG source file may not render the way it was intended. The output AFP line with can be corrected
- by the <line-width-correction/> configuration element. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <line-width-correction>2.5</line-width-correction>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-image-config">
- <title>Images</title>
- <p>By default the AFP Renderer converts all images to 8 bit grey level.
- This can be overridden by the <images/> configuration element. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="color" />
-]]></source>
- <p>This will put images as RGB images into the AFP output stream. The default setting is:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" native="true"/>
-]]></source>
- <p>Only the values "color" and "b+w" are allowed for the mode attribute.</p>
- <p>The bits-per-pixel attribute is ignored if mode is "color". For "b+w" mode is must be 1, 4, or 8.</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images native="true"/>
-]]></source>
- <p>When the native attribute is specified and set to "true", all image resources will be natively injected
- into the datastream using an object container rather than being converted into an IOCA FS45 image.
- Support for native image formats (e.g. JPEG, TIFF, GIF) is not always available on printer implementations
- so by default this configuration option is set to "false".</p>
- <p>
- Setting <code>cmyk="true"</code> on the <code>images</code> element will enable CMYK
- colors. This will only have an effect if the color mode is set to "color". Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="color" cmyk="true"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- When the color mode is set to 1 bit (bi-level), the "dithering-quality" attribute can
- be used to select the level of quality to use when converting images to bi-level images.
- Valid values for this attribute are floating point numbers from 0.0 (fastest) to
- 1.0 (best), or special values: "minimum" (=0.0), "maximum" (1.0),
- "medium" (0.5, the default). For the higher settings to work as expected, JAI needs to
- be present in the classpath. If JAI is present, 0.0 results in a minimal darkness-level
- switching between white and black. 0.5 does bayer-based dithering and 1.0 will use
- error-diffusion dithering. The higher the value, the higher the quality and the slower
- the processing of the images.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="1" dithering-quality="maximum"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- When the boolean attribute pseg (default false) is set to true, non-inline FS11 and FS45 IOCA images are wrapped in page segment.
- This option is provided to support printers/print servers that require this MO:DCA structure.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" pseg="true"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- Setting the boolean attribute fs45 to true (default false) will force all images to FS45.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="b+w" bits-per-pixel="8" fs45="true"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- By default, JPEG images are rasterized to a bitmap and the bitmap is included in the AFP doc.
- However it is possible to encode in a lossless way to maintain maximum quality. But due
- to lack of support for compression schemes like LZW (patent concerns), bitmap data is currently
- not compressed resulting in large AFP files. Using the "allow-embedding" attribute on jpeg child
- element allows the user to pass the JPEG as is in the document. The default is set to "false" since
- there are compatibility concerns as some AFP printers don't support JPEG decoding. Using the
- "bitmap-encoding-quality" attribute it is possible to enable lossy compression (JPEG baseline
- DCT). The default is "1.0" which means lossless encoding. Setting a value lower than 1.0, JPEG
- compression is enabled and the setting is used as the quality setting when encoding bitmap data.
- Note that this setting does not always have an effect. Bi-level (1 bit) bitmaps are not compressed
- using JPEG. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <images mode="color" cmyk="true">
- <jpeg allow-embedding="false" bitmap-encoding-quality="0.8"/>
- </images>]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-goca-config">
- <title>GOCA (Vector Graphics)</title>
- <p>
- Not all AFP implementations support GOCA. Some also have bugs related to GOCA. Therefore,
- it is desirable to have some control over the generation of GOCA graphics.
- </p>
- <p>
- GOCA is enabled by default. You can disable GOCA entirely in which case the AFP support
- falls back to generating bitmaps for vector graphics. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <goca enabled="false"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- Some AFP implementations have trouble rendering text in GOCA. You can instruct the AFP
- support to render text as shapes (i.e. use vector graphics to paint text). Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <goca enabled="true" text="shapes"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- If you disable GOCA or let text render as shapes, the size of the generated AFP usually
- increases considerably.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-shading-config">
- <title>Shading</title>
- <p>
- By default, filled rectangles are painted using their given color using a PTOCA I-axis rule
- (DIR). But not all environments handle these colors correctly. That's why a setting is
- supported that paints the rectangles using an ordered dither pattern (bi-level) with
- an inline IOCA FS10 image that is used together with the "replicate and trim" mapping.
- The optional "shading" element can be used to control the shading mode. Its default value
- is "color". To enable the dithered mode, use "dithered". Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <shading>dithered</shading>
-]]></source>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-resource-group-file">
- <title>Resource Group File</title>
- <p>By default the AFP Renderer will place all data resource objects such as images within
- the document of the main output datastream. An external resource group file where document resources
- may be specified with the <resource-group-file/> configuration element. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <resource-group-file>external_resources.afp</resource-group-file>
-]]></source>
- <note>Be careful when using this option not to overwrite existing resource files from previous rendering runs.</note>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-resource-level-defaults">
- <title>Resource Level Defaults</title>
- <p>
- By default, bitmap image objects (or page segments derived from them) are put in the
- print-file-level resource group and GOCA graphics are inlined for compatibility with
- the AFP Workbench tool.
- </p>
- <p>
- It is possible to override these defaults, either per image (see the
- <link href="#afp-foreign-attributes-resource">afp:resource-level</link>
- extension attribute below) or by specifying different defaults in the configuration:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<default-resource-levels goca="print-file" bitmap="inline"/>]]></source>
- <p>
- "goca" refers to GOCA graphics and "bitmap" refers to IOCA images. The possible values
- for the attributes are "inline" and "print-file". In the future,
- additional possibilities may be added.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-extensions">
- <title>Extensions</title>
- <p>The AFP Renderer supports some AFP specific extensions which can be embedded into the input
- fo document. To use the extensions the appropriate namespace must be declared in the fo:root element like this:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
-]]></source>
- <section id="afp-page-overlay">
- <title>Page Overlay (IPO) Extension</title>
- <p>The include-page-overlay extension element allows to define on a per simple-page-master basis a page overlay resource. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
- <afp:include-page-overlay name="O1SAMP1 " x="20mm" y="30mm" />
- ...
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>The mandatory name attribute must refer to an 8 character (space padded) resource name that
- must be known in the AFP processing environment. Optional x and y attributes can be specified
- to place the Overlay at an offset from the top left of the page.</p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-page-segment">
- <title>Page Segment (IPS) Extension</title>
- <p>The include-page-segment extension element allows to define resource substitution for fo:external-graphics elements.
- Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
- <afp:include-page-segment name="S1ISLOGO" src="../../resources/images/bgimg300dpi.jpg" />
- <fo:region-body/>
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>The include-page-segment extension element can only occur within a simple-page-master.
- Multiple include-page-segment extension elements within a simple-page-master are allowed.
- The mandatory name attribute must refer to an 8 character
- (space padded) resource name that must be known in the AFP processing environment.
- The value of the mandatory src attribute is compared against the value of the src attribute in
- fo:external-graphic elements and if it is identical (string matching is used) in the generated
- AFP the external graphic is replaced by a reference to the given resource.
- </p>
- <p>
- The effect here is that whenever FOP encounters the URI specified in the extension,
- it will effectively generate code to include the page segment with the given name
- instead of embedding the image referenced by the URI. The URI is still required as
- the underlying image serves as a provider for the intrinsic size of the image
- (At the moment, FOP is unable to extract the intrinsic size of the page segment from
- an AFP resource file). For the image to appear in an AFP viewer or to be printed, the
- AFP resource must be available on the target device. FOP does not embed the page
- segment in the generated file. Please also note that page segments cannot be scaled.
- They are always rendered in their intrinsic size.
- </p>
- <p>
- The include-page-segment extension element has the optional attribute
- <i>resource-file</i>. The value of this is a URI to a resource containing a page
- segment with the declared name. In this case FOP embeds the page segment into the
- generated document so that the external resource does not have to be supplied in the
- print job.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-tag-logical-element">
- <title>Tag Logical Element (TLE) Extension</title>
- <p>The tag-logical-element extension element allows to injects TLEs into the AFP output stream. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
- <afp:tag-logical-element name="The TLE Name" value="The TLE Value" />
- <fo:region-body/>
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
- [..]
- <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simple">
- <afp:tag-logical-element name="foo" value="bar"/>
- <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
- [..]
-]]></source>
- <p>
- The tag-logical-element extension element can appear within a simple-page-master
- (page level) or it can appear as child of page-sequence (page group level).
- Multiple tag-logical-element extension elements within a simple-page-master or
- page-sequence are allowed. The name and value attributes are mandatory.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-no-operation">
- <title>No Operation (NOP) Extension</title>
- <p>The no-operation extension provides the ability to carry up to 32K of comments or any other type
- of unarchitected data into the AFP output stream. Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- <fo:layout-master-set>
- <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple">
- <afp:no-operation name="My NOP">insert up to 32k of character data here!</afp:no-operation>
- </fo:simple-page-master>
- </fo:layout-master-set>
-]]></source>
- <p>The no-operation extension element can appear as child of
- <code>simple-page-master</code> (appears after "Begin Page" BPG),
- <code>page-sequence</code> (appears after "Begin Named Page Group" BNG
- and <code>declarations</code> (appears after "Begin Document" BDT).
- Multiple no-operation extension elements inside the same formatting object are allowed.
- Each NOP will appear right after the respective "Begin" field indicated above even if it
- is specified as the last child under its parent. The order inside the parent
- will be maintained.
- The "placement" attribute can be used to have the NOP appear before
- the "End" field of the object rather than after the "Begin" field. Specify
- <code>placement="before-end"</code> to do that. Please note that, at the moment, this only
- has an effect for NOPs that are children of the <code>page-sequence</code> formatting
- object.
- The "name" attribute is mandatory but will not appear inside the AFP stream.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-invoke-medium-map">
- <title>Invoke Medium Map (IMM) Extension</title>
- <p>
- The invoke-medium-map extension allows to generate IMM fields (Invoke Medium Map) in the
- generated AFP output. Example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- [..]
- <fo:page-sequence master-reference="normal">
- <afp:invoke-medium-map name="MYMAP"/>
- <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
- [..]
-]]></source>
- <p>
- The invoke-medium-map element is allowed as child of fo:page-sequence (page group
- level) or fo:simple-page-master. It is NOT supported on document level (fo:root), yet.
- FOP also doesn't support specifying medium maps inside XML (using BMM/EMM). It can
- only reference an existing medium map by name. The medium map has to be constructed
- through different means and available on the target platform.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-form-maps">
- <title>Form Maps/Defs</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP supports embedding an external form map resource in the
- generated AFP output. This is done using the <code>afp:include-form-map</code>
- extension. An example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-<fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- [..]
- <fo:declarations>
- <afp:include-form-map name="F1SAMP1" src="file:f1samp1.fde"/>
- </fo:declarations>
-]]></source>
- <p>
- The <code>afp:include-form-map</code> is to be placed as a direct child of
- <code>fo:declarations</code>. The <code>name</code> is an AFP resource name
- (max. 8 characters) and the <code>src</code> attribute is the URI identifying the
- external form map resource. When such a form map is embedded, you can use the
- <code>afp:invoke-medium-map</code> extension (described above) to invoke any medium
- map included in the form map.
- </p>
- <note>
- Apache FOP doesn't support a way to define a form map or medium map using XML means
- inside an XSL-FO document. You will have to build the form map with some third-party
- tool.
- </note>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="afp-foreign-attributes">
- <title>Foreign Attributes</title>
- <section id="afp-foreign-attributes-resource">
- <title>Resource</title>
- <p>The resource foreign attributes provides the ability to name and control where data object resources
- (e.g. images/scalable vector graphics) will reside in the AFP output.
- The afp foreign attributes are only used in conjuntion with <fo:external-graphic/> and <instream-foreign-object/>.
- Example:</p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
- xmlns:afp="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/extensions/afp">
- ...
- <fo:block>
- <fo:external-graphic width="2.0cm" content-width="2.0cm" height="1.8cm" content-height="1.8cm"
- src="examples/fo/graphics/xml_feather.gif"
- afp:resource-name="feather" afp:resource-level="external" afp:resource-group-file="resources.afp"/>
- </fo:block>
- <fo:block>
- <fo:instream-foreign-object height="758.047pt" content-height="758.047pt" width="576.96pt" content-width="576.96pt"
- afp:resource-name"circles" afp:resource-level="inline">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12cm" height="12cm">
- <g style="fill-opacity:0.7; stroke:black; stroke-width:0.1cm;">
- <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:red;" transform="translate(0,50)" />
- <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:blue;" transform="translate(70,150)" />
- <circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:green;" transform="translate(-70,150)"/>
- </g>
- </svg>
- </fo:instream-foreign-object>
- </fo:block>
-]]></source>
- <p>The resource-level attribute where the resource object will reside in the AFP output datastream.
- The possible values for this are "inline", "print-file" and "external".
- When "external" is used a resource-group-file attribute must also be specified.
- Please refer to the <link href="#afp-resource-level-defaults">Resource Level Defaults</link>
- above to see what is used if the resource-level attribute is not specified.
- </p>
- <p/>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
-<section id="rtf">
- <title>RTF</title>
- <p>
- JFOR, an open source XSL-FO to RTF converter has been integrated into Apache FOP.
- This will create an RTF (rich text format) document that will
- attempt to contain as much information from the XSL-FO document as
- possible. It should be noted that is not possible (due to RTF's limitations) to map all
- XSL-FO features to RTF. For complex documents, the RTF output will never reach the feature
- level from PDF, for example. Thus, using RTF output is only recommended for simple documents
- such as letters.
- </p>
- <p>
- The RTF output follows Microsoft's RTF specifications
- and produces best results on Microsoft Word.
- </p>
- <note>RTF output is currently unmaintained and lacks many features compared to other output
- formats. Using other editable formats like Open Document Format, instead of producing XSL-FO
- then RTF through FOP, might give better results.</note>
- <p>
- These are some known restrictions compared to other supported output formats (not a complete list):
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Not supported/implemented:
- <ul>
- <li>break-before/after (supported by the RTF library but not tied into the RTFHandler)</li>
- <li>fo:page-number-citation-last</li>
- <li>keeps (supported by the RTF library but not tied into the RTFHandler)</li>
- <li>region-start/end (RTF limitation)</li>
- <li>multiple columns</li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li>Only a single page-master is supported</li>
- <li>Not all variations of fo:leader are supported (RTF limitation)</li>
- <li>percentages are not supported everywhere</li>
- </ul>
-</section>
-<section id="xml">
- <title>XML (Area Tree XML)</title>
- <p>
- This is primarily for testing and verification. The XML created is simply
- a representation of the internal area tree put into XML. We use that to verify
- the functionality of FOP's layout engine.
- </p>
- <p>
- The other use case of the Area Tree XML is as FOP's "intermediate format". More information
- on that can be found on the page dedicated to the <a href="intermediate.html">Intermediate Format</a>.
- </p>
-</section>
-<section id="awt">
- <title>Java2D/AWT</title>
- <p>
- The Java2DRenderer provides the basic functionality for all
- Java2D-based output formats (AWT viewer, direct print, PNG, TIFF).
- </p>
- <p>
- The AWT viewer shows a window with the pages displayed inside a
- Java graphic. It displays one page at a time.
- The fonts used for the formatting and viewing depend on the fonts
- available to your JRE.
- </p>
-</section>
-<section id="print">
- <title>Print</title>
- <p>
- It is possible to directly print the document from the command line.
- This is done with the same code that renders to the Java2D/AWT renderer.
- </p>
- <section id="print-issues">
- <title>Known issues</title>
- <p>
- If you run into the problem that the printed output is incomplete on Windows:
- this often happens to users printing to a PCL printer.
- There seems to be an incompatibility between Java and certain PCL printer drivers
- on Windows. Since most network-enabled laser printers support PostScript, try
- switching to the PostScript printer driver for that printer model.
- </p>
- </section>
-</section>
-<section id="bitmap">
- <title>Bitmap (TIFF/PNG)</title>
- <p>
- It is possible to directly create bitmap images from the individual
- pages generated by the layout engine.
- This is done with the same code that renders to the Java2D/AWT renderer.
- </p>
- <p>
- Currently, two output formats are supported: PNG and TIFF. TIFF produces
- one file with multiple pages, while PNG output produces one file per
- page. Note: FOP can only produce multiple files (with PNG output) if
- you can set a <code>java.io.File</code> indicating the primary PNG file
- using the <code>FOUserAgent.setOutputFile(File)</code> method.
- </p>
- <p>
- The quality of the bitmap depends on the target resolution setting
- on the FOUserAgent and on further settings described below.
- </p>
- <section id="bitmap-configuration">
- <title>Configuration</title>
- <p>
- The TIFF and PNG renderer configuration currently allows the following settings:
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="image/png">
- <color-mode>rgba</color-mode>
- <transparent-page-background>true</transparent-page-background>
- <background-color>white</background-color>
- <anti-aliasing>true</anti-aliasing>
- <rendering>quality</rendering>
- <fonts><!-- described elsewhere --></fonts>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the <code>"color-mode"</code> setting is <code>"rgba"</code> which
- is equivalent to a 24bit RGB image with an 8bit alpha channel for transparency.
- Valid values are:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><code>rgba</code>: RGB with alpha channel (24bit + 8bit = 32bit)</li>
- <li><code>rgb</code>: RGB (24bit)</li>
- <li><code>gray</code>: gray (8bit)</li>
- <li><code>bi-level</code> (or <code>binary</code>): bi-level (1bit)</li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- Please note that there is currently no dithering or error diffusion available for bi-level
- bitmap output.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the <code>"transparent-page-background"</code> setting is
- <code>"false"</code> which paints an opaque, white background for the whole image.
- If you set this to <code>"true"</code>,
- no such background will be painted and you will get a transparent image if
- an alpha channel is available in the output format.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the <code>"background-color"</code> setting is <code>"white"</code>.
- The color specifies in which color the page background is painted. It will only be
- painted if <code>"transparent-page-background"</code> is not set to <code>"true"</code>.
- All XSL-FO colors (including color functions) can be used.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the <code>"anti-aliasing"</code> setting is <code>"true"</code>.
- You can set this value to <code>"false"</code> to disable anti-aliasing and
- thus improve rendering speeds a bit at the loss of some image quality.
- </p>
- <p>
- The default value for the <code>"rendering"</code> setting is <code>"true"</code>.
- You can set this value to <code>"false"</code> to improve rendering speeds a bit
- at the loss of some image quality. If this setting has an actual effect depends
- on the JVM's Java2D backend.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="tiff-configuration">
- <title>TIFF-specific Configuration</title>
- <p>
- In addition to the above values the TIFF renderer configuration allows some additional
- settings:
- </p>
-<source><![CDATA[<renderer mime="image/tiff">
- <transparent-page-background>true</transparent-page-background>
- <compression>CCITT T.6</compression>
- <fonts><!-- described elsewhere --></fonts>
-</renderer>]]></source>
- <p>
- The default value for the "compression" setting is "PackBits" which
- which is a widely supported RLE compression scheme for TIFF. The set of compression
- names to be used here matches the set that the Image I/O API uses. Note that
- not all compression schemes may be available during runtime. This depends on the
- actual codecs being available. Here is a list of possible values:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li><code>NONE</code> (no compression)</li>
- <li><code>PackBits</code> (RLE, run-length encoding)</li>
- <li><code>JPEG</code></li>
- <li><code>Deflate</code></li>
- <li><code>LZW</code></li>
- <li><code>ZLib</code></li>
- <li><code>CCITT T.4</code> (Fax Group 3)</li>
- <li><code>CCITT T.6</code> (Fax Group 4)</li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- This setting may override any setting made using the <code>"color-mode"</code>. For example, if
- <code>"CCITT T.6"</code> is selected, the color mode is automatically forced to <code>"bi-level"</code> because
- this compression format only supports bi-level images.
- </p>
- <note>
- If you want to use CCITT compression, please make sure you've got
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/current.html">
- Java Advanced Imaging Image I/O Tools
- </a>
- in your classpath. The Sun JRE doesn't come with a TIFF codec built in, so it has to be
- added separately. The internal TIFF codec from XML Graphics Commons only supports PackBits,
- Deflate and JPEG compression for writing.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="bitmap-rendering-options">
- <title>Runtime Rendering Options</title>
- <p>
- The IF-based bitmap output implementations support a rendering option with the key
- "target-bitmap-size" (value: java.awt.Dimension) that allows to force the pages to
- be proportionally fit into a bitmap of a given size. This can be used to produce
- thumbnails or little preview images of the individual pages. An example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[userAgent.getRenderingOptions().put(
- "target-bitmap-size", new Dimension(320, 200));]]></source>
- </section>
-</section>
-<section id="txt">
- <title>TXT</title>
- <p>
- The text renderer produces plain ASCII text output
- that attempts to match the output of the PDFRenderer as closely as
- possible. This was originally developed to accommodate an archive system
- that could only accept plain text files, and is primarily useful for getting
- a quick-and-dirty view of the document text. The renderer is very limited,
- so do not be surprised if it gives unsatisfactory results.
- </p>
- <!-- OBSOLETE OBSOLETE OBSOLETE
- <p>
- The Text renderer works with a fixed size page buffer. The size of this
- buffer is controlled with the textCPI and textLPI public variables.
- The textCPI is the effective horizontal characters per inch to use.
- The textLPI is the vertical lines per inch to use. From these values
- and the page width and height the size of the buffer is calculated.
- The formatting objects to be rendered are then mapped to this grid.
- Graphic elements (lines, borders, etc) are assigned a lower priority
- than text, so text will overwrite any graphic element representations.
- </p>
- -->
- <p>
- Because FOP lays the text onto a grid during layout, there are frequently
- extra or missing spaces between characters and lines, which is generally
- unsatisfactory.
- Users have reported that the optimal settings to avoid such spacing problems are:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>font-family="Courier"</li>
- <li>font-size="10pt"</li>
- <li>line-height="10pt"</li>
- </ul>
-</section>
-<section id="sandbox">
- <title>Output Formats in the Sandbox</title>
- <p>
- Due to the state of certain renderers we moved some of them to a "sandbox" area until
- they are ready for more serious use. The renderers and FOEventHandlers in the sandbox
- can be found under src/sandbox and are compiled into build/fop-sandbox.jar during the
- main build. The output formats in the sandbox are marked as such below.
- </p>
- <section id="mif">
- <title>MIF</title>
- <warning>The MIF handler is in the sandbox and not yet functional in FOP Trunk!!! Please help us ressurrect this feature.</warning>
- <p>
- This format is the Maker Interchange Format which is used by
- Adobe Framemaker.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="svg">
- <title>SVG</title>
- <warning>The SVG renderer is in the sandbox and may not work as expected in FOP Trunk!!! Please help us improve this feature.</warning>
- <p>
- This format creates an SVG document that has links between the pages.
- This is primarily for slides and creating svg images of pages.
- Large documents will create SVG files that are far too large for
- an SVG viewer to handle. Since FO documents usually have text the
- SVG document will have a large number of text elements.
- The font information for the text is obtained from the JVM in the
- same way as for the AWT viewer. If the SVG is viewed on a
- system where the fonts are different, such as another platform,
- then the page may look wrong.
- </p>
- </section>
-</section>
-<section id="wishlist">
- <title>Wish list</title>
- <p>
- Apache FOP is easily extensible and allows you to add new output formats to enhance FOP's functionality. There's a number of output formats
- which are on our wish list. We're looking for volunteers to help us implement them.
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument">ODF (Open Document Format)</a>:
- The standardized successor to OpenOffice's file format.
- </li>
- </ul>
-</section>
-
- </body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF/A (ISO 19005)</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- <authors>
- <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
- </authors>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- PDF/A is a standard which turns PDF into an "electronic document file
- format for long-term preservation". PDF/A-1 is the first part of the
- standard and is documented in
- <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=38920&ICS1=37&ICS2=100&ICS3=99">ISO 19005-1:2005(E)</a>.
- Work on PDF/A-2 is in progress at
- <a href="http://www.aiim.org/standards.asp?ID=25013">AIIM</a>.
- </p>
- <p>
- Design documentation on PDF/A can be found on FOP's Wiki on the
- <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/xmlgraphics-fop/PDFA1ConformanceNotes">PDFA1ConformanceNotes</a> page.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="status">
- <title>Implementation Status</title>
- <p>
- <strong>PDF/A-1b</strong> is implemented to the degree that FOP supports
- the creation of the elements described in ISO 19005-1.
- </p>
- <p>
- Tests have been performed against jHove and Adobe Acrobat 7.0.7 (Preflight function).
- FOP does not validate completely against Apago's PDF Appraiser. Reasons unknown due to
- lack of a full license to get a detailed error protocol.
- </p>
- <p>
- <strong>PDF/A-1a</strong> is based on PDF-A-1b and adds accessibility features
- (such as Tagged PDF). This format is available within the limitation described on
- the <a href="accessibility.html">Accessibility page</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="command-line">
- <title>Usage (command line)</title>
- <p>
- To activate PDF/A-1b from the command-line, specify "-pdfprofile PDF/A-1b"
- as a parameter. If there is a violation of one of the validation rules for
- PDF/A, an error message is presented and the processing stops.
- </p>
- <p>
- PDF/A-1a is enabled by specifying "-pdfprofile PDF/A-1a".
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="embedded">
- <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
- <p>
- When FOP is embedded in another Java application you can set a special option
- on the renderer options in the user agent to activate the PDF/A-1b profile.
- Here's an example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-userAgent.getRendererOptions().put("pdf-a-mode", "PDF/A-1b");
-Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
-[..]]]></source>
- <p>
- If one of the validation rules of PDF/A is violated, an PDFConformanceException
- (descendant of RuntimeException) is thrown.
- </p>
- <p>
- For PDF/A-1a, just use the string "PDF/A-1a" instead of "PDF/A-1b".
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="rules">
- <title>PDF/A in Action</title>
- <p>
- There are a number of things that must be looked after if you activate a PDF/A
- profile. If you receive a PDFConformanceException, have a look at the following
- list (not necessarily comprehensive):
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Make sure all (!) fonts are embedded. If you use base 14 fonts (like Helvetica)
- you need to obtain a license for them and embed them like any other font.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use PDF encryption. PDF/A doesn't allow it.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use CMYK images without an ICC color profile. PDF/A doesn't allow mixing
- color spaces and FOP currently only properly supports the sRGB color space. Please
- note that FOP embeds a standard sRGB ICC profile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) as the
- primary output intent for the PDF if no other output intent has been specified
- in the configuration.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use non-RGB colors in SVG images. Same issue as with CMYK images.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use EPS graphics with fo:external-graphic. Embedding EPS graphics in PDF
- is deprecated since PDF 1.4 and prohibited by PDF/A.
- </li>
- <li>
- PDF is forced to version 1.4 if PDF/A-1 is activated.
- </li>
- <li>
- No filter must be specified explicitely for metadata objects. Metadata must be
- embedded in clear text so non-PDF-aware applications can extract the XMP metadata.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <note>
- There are additional requirements if you want to enabled PDF/A-1a (Tagged PDF). This is
- particularly the specification of the natural language and alternative descriptions for
- images. Please refer to the <a href="accessibility.html">Accessibility page</a> for details.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="profile-compatibility">
- <title>PDF profile compatibility</title>
- <p>
- The PDF profiles "PDF/X-3:2003" and "PDF/A-1b" (or "PDF/A-1a") are compatible and can
- both be activated at the same time.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="interoperability">
- <title>Interoperability</title>
- <p>
- There has been some confusion about the namespace for the PDF/A indicator in the XMP
- metadata. At least three variants have been seen in the wild:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id.html</td>
- <td><strong>obsolete</strong>, from an early draft of ISO-19005-1, used by Adobe Acrobat 7.x</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id</td>
- <td><strong>obsolete</strong>, found in the original ISO 19005-1:2005 document</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/</td>
- <td><strong>correct</strong>, found in the technical corrigendum 1 of ISO 19005-1:2005</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <p>
- If you get an error validating a PDF/A file in Adobe Acrobat 7.x it doesn't mean that
- FOP did something wrong. It's Acrobat that is at fault. This is fixed in Adobe Acrobat 8.x
- which uses the correct namespace as described in the technical corrigendum 1.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF encryption.</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- <authors>
- <person name="J.Pietschmann" email="pietsch@apache.org"/>
- <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
- </authors>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section>
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- Apache™ FOP supports encryption of PDF output, thanks to Patrick
- C. Lankswert. This feature is commonly used to prevent
- unauthorized viewing, printing, editing, copying text from the
- document and doing annotations. It is also possible to ask the
- user for a password in order to view the contents. Note that
- there already exist third party applications which can decrypt
- an encrypted PDF without effort and allow the aforementioned
- operations, therefore the degree of protection is limited.
- </p>
- <p>
- For further information about features and restrictions regarding PDF
- encryption, look at the documentation coming with Adobe Acrobat or the
- technical documentation on the Adobe web site.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Usage (command line)</title>
- <p>
- Encryption is enabled by supplying any of the encryption related
- options.
- </p>
- <p>
- An owner password is set with the <code>-o</code> option. This
- password is actually used as encryption key. Many tools for
- PDF processing ask for this password to disregard any
- restriction imposed on the PDF document.
- </p>
- <p>
- If no owner password has been supplied but FOP was asked to apply some
- restrictions, a random password is used. In this case it is obviously
- impossiible to disregard restrictions in PDF processing tools.
- </p>
- <p>
- A user password, supplied with the <code>-u</code> option, will
- cause the PDF display software to ask the reader for this password in
- order to view the contents of the document. If no user password was
- supplied, viewing the content is not restricted.
- </p>
- <p>
- Further restrictions can be imposed by using the following command-line options:
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Option</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noprint</code></td>
- <td>disable printing</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-nocopy</code></td>
- <td>disable copy/paste of content</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noedit</code></td>
- <td>disable editing in Adobe Acrobat</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noannotations</code></td>
- <td>disable editing of annotations</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-nofillinforms</code></td>
- <td>disable filling in forms</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noaccesscontent</code></td>
- <td>disable text and graphics extraction for accessibility purposes</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noassembledoc</code></td>
- <td>disable assembling documents</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td><code>-noprinthq</code></td>
- <td>disable high quality printing</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </p>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
- <p>
- When FOP is embedded in another Java application you need to set an
- options map on the renderer. These are the supported options:
- </p>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th>Option</th>
- <th>Description</th>
- <th>Values</th>
- <th>Default</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>encryption-length</td>
- <td>The encryption length in bit</td>
- <td>Any multiple of 8 between 40 and 128</td>
- <td>40</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>ownerPassword</td>
- <td>The owner password</td>
- <td>String</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>userPassword</td>
- <td>The user password</td>
- <td>String</td>
- <td/>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowPrint</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows printing of the PDF</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowCopyContent</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows copy/paste of content</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowEditContent</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows editing in Adobe Acrobat</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowEditAnnotations</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows editing of annotations</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowFillInForms</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows filling in forms</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowAccessContent</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows text and graphics extraction for accessibility purposes</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowAssembleDocument</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows assembling document</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>allowPrintHq</td>
- <td>Allows/disallows high quality printing</td>
- <td>"TRUE" or "FALSE"</td>
- <td>"TRUE"</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <note>
- Encryption is enabled as soon as one of these options is set.
- </note>
- <p>
- An example to enable PDF encryption in Java code:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-import org.apache.fop.pdf.PDFEncryptionParams;
-
-[..]
-
-FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
-useragent.getRendererOptions().put("encryption-params", new PDFEncryptionParams(
- null, "password", false, false, true, true));
-Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
-[..]]]></source>
- <p>
- The parameters for the constructor of PDFEncryptionParams are:
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>userPassword: String, may be null</li>
- <li>ownerPassword: String, may be null</li>
- <li>allowPrint: true if printing is allowed</li>
- <li>allowCopyContent: true if copying content is allowed</li>
- <li>allowEditContent: true if editing content is allowed</li>
- <li>allowEditAnnotations: true if editing annotations is allowed</li>
- <li>allowFillInForms: true if filling in forms is allowed.</li>
- <li>allowAccessContent: true if extracting text and graphics is allowed</li>
- <li>allowAssembleDocument: true if assembling document is allowed</li>
- <li>allowPrintHq: true if printing to high quality is allowed</li>
- </ol>
- <p>
- Alternatively, you can set each value separately in the Map provided by
- FOUserAgent.getRendererOptions() by using the following keys:
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>user-password: String</li>
- <li>owner-password: String</li>
- <li>noprint: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>nocopy: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>noedit: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>noannotations: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>nofillinforms: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>noaccesscontent: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>noassembledoc: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- <li>noprinthq: Boolean or "true"/"false"</li>
- </ol>
- </section>
- <section>
- <title>Environment</title>
- <p>
- In order to use PDF encryption, FOP has to be compiled with
- cryptography support. Currently, only <a
- href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/security/jce/JCERefGuide.html">JCE</a>
- is supported. JCE is part of JDK 1.4. For earlier JDKs, it can
- be installed separately. The build process automatically
- detects JCE presence and installs PDF encryption support if
- possible, otherwise a stub is compiled in.
- </p>
- <p>
- Cryptography support must also be present at run time. In particular, a
- provider for the RC4 cipher is needed. Unfortunately, the sample JCE
- provider in Sun's JDK 1.4 does <strong>not</strong> provide RC4. If you
- get a message saying
- </p>
- <source>"Cannot find any provider supporting RC4"</source>
- <p>
- then you don't have the needed infrastructure.
- </p>
- <p>
- There are several commercial and a few Open Source packages which
- provide RC4. A pure Java implementation is produced by <a
- href="http://www.bouncycastle.org/">The Legion of the Bouncy
- Castle</a>. <a
- href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/jss/">Mozilla
- JSS</a> is an interface to a native implementation.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="install_crypto">
- <title>Installing a crypto provider</title>
- <p>
- The pure Java implementation from <a
- href="http://www.bouncycastle.org/">Bouncy Castle</a> is easy to
- install.
- </p>
- <ol>
- <li>
- Download the binary distribution for your JDK version.
- </li>
- <li>
- Unpack the distribution. Add the jar file to your classpath. A
- convenient way to use the jar on Linux is to simply drop it into the
- FOP lib directory, it will be automatically picked up by
- <code>fop.sh</code>.
- </li>
- <li>
- Open the <code>java.security</code> file and add<br/>
- <code>security.provider.6=org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider</code>,<br/>
- preferably at the end of the block defining the other crypto
- providers. For JDK 1.4 this is detailed on <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/security/jce/JCERefGuide.html#InstallProvider">Sun's web site</a>.
- </li>
- </ol>
- <p>
- If you have any experience with Mozilla JSS or any other
- cryptography provider, please post it to the fop-user list.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation
-
- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: PDF/X (ISO 15930)</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- <authors>
- <person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org"/>
- </authors>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <warning>
- Support for PDF/X is available beginning with version 0.93. This feature is new and
- may not be 100% complete, yet. Feedback is welcome.
- </warning>
- <p>
- PDF/X is a standard which faciliates prepress digital data exchange using PDF.
- Currently, only PDF/X-3:2003 is implemented out of the many different flavours of PDF/X
- profiles. PDF/X-3:2003 is documented in
- <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=39940&ICS1=37&ICS2=100&ICS3=99">ISO 15930-6:2003(E)</a>.
- More info on PDF/X can be found on the
- <a href="http://www.pdfx.info/">PDF/X info site</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="status">
- <title>Implementation Status</title>
- <p>
- <strong>PDF/X-3:2003</strong> is implemented to the degree that FOP supports
- the creation of the elements described in ISO 15930-6.
- </p>
- <p>
- An important restriction of the current implementation is that all normal
- RGB colors specified in XSL-FO and SVG are left unchanged in the sRGB color
- space (XSL-FO and SVG both use sRGB as their default color space).
- There's no conversion to a CMYK color space. Although sRGB is a
- calibrated color space, its color space has a different size than a CMYK
- color space which makes the conversion a lossy conversion and can lead to
- unwanted results. Although the use of the calibrated sRGB has been promoted
- for years, print shops usually prefer to convert an sRGB PDF to CMYK prior
- to production. Until there's full CMYK support in FOP you will have to
- work closely with your print service provider to make sure you get the
- intended result.
- </p>
- <p>
- Tests have been performed against Adobe Acrobat 7.0.7 (Preflight function).
- Note that there are bugs in Adobe Acrobat which cause false alarms if both
- PDF/A-1b and PDF/X-3:2003 are activated at the same time.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="command-line">
- <title>Usage (command line)</title>
- <p>
- To activate PDF/X-3:2003 from the command-line, specify "-pdfprofile PDF/X-3:2003"
- as a parameter. If there is a violation of one of the validation rules for
- PDF/X, an error message is presented and the processing stops.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="embedded">
- <title>Usage (embedded)</title>
- <p>
- When FOP is embedded in another Java application you can set a special option
- on the renderer options in the user agent to activate the PDF/A-1b profile.
- Here's an example:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-FOUserAgent userAgent = fopFactory.newFOUserAgent();
-userAgent.getRendererOptions().put("pdf-x-mode", "PDF/X-3:2003");
-Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, userAgent);
-[..]]]></source>
- <p>
- If one of the validation rules of PDF/X is violated, an PDFConformanceException
- (descendant of RuntimeException) is thrown.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="rules">
- <title>PDF/X in Action</title>
- <p>
- There are a number of things that must be looked after if you activate a PDF/X
- profile. If you receive a PDFConformanceException, have a look at the following
- list (not necessarily comprehensive):
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Make sure all (!) fonts are embedded. If you use base 14 fonts (like Helvetica)
- you need to obtain a license for them and embed them like any other font.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use PDF encryption. PDF/X doesn't allow it.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use CMYK images without an ICC color profile. PDF/X doesn't allow mixing
- color spaces and FOP currently only properly supports the sRGB color space. However,
- you will need to specify an
- <a href="configuration.html#pdf-renderer">output device profile</a>
- (usually a CMYK profile) in the configuration. sRGB won't work here since it's a
- display device profile, not an output device profile.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use non-RGB colors in SVG images. Same issue as with CMYK images.
- </li>
- <li>
- Don't use EPS graphics with fo:external-graphic. Embedding EPS graphics in PDF
- is deprecated since PDF 1.4 and prohibited by PDF/X-3:2003.
- </li>
- <li>
- PDF is forced to version 1.4 if PDF/X-3:2003 is activated.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="profile-compatibility">
- <title>PDF profile compatibility</title>
- <p>
- The PDF profiles "PDF/X-3:2003" and "PDF/A-1b" are compatible and can both be
- activated at the same time.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Running Apache™ FOP</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
-
- <body>
- <section id="require">
- <title>System Requirements</title>
- <p>The following software must be installed:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Java 1.4.x or later Runtime Environment.
- <ul>
- <li>
- Many JREs >=1.4 contain older JAXP implementations (which often contain bugs). It's
- usually a good idea to replace them with a current implementation.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li>
- Apache™ FOP. The <a href="../download.html">FOP distribution</a> includes all libraries that you will
- need to run a basic FOP installation. These can be found in the [fop-root]/lib directory. These
- libraries include the following:
- <ul>
- <li><a class="fork" href="ext:xmlgraphics.apache.org/commons">Apache XML Graphics Commons</a>, an shared library for Batik and FOP.</li>
- <li><a class="fork" href="ext:batik">Apache Batik</a>, an SVG library.</li>
- <li><a class="fork" href="ext:commons-logging">Apache Commons Logging</a>, a logger abstraction kit.</li>
- <li><a class="fork" href="ext:commons-io">Apache Commons IO</a>, a library with I/O utilities.</li>
- <li><a class="fork" href="ext:excalibur/framework">Apache Excalibur/Avalon Framework</a>, for XML configuration handling.</li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>The following software is optional, depending on your needs:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Graphics libraries. Generally, FOP contains direct support for the most important
- bitmap image formats (including PNG, JPEG and GIF). See
- <a href="graphics.html">FOP: Graphics Formats</a> for details.
- </li>
- <li>
- PDF encryption. See <a href="pdfencryption.html">FOP: PDF Encryption</a> for details.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>In addition, the following system requirements apply:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- If you will be using FOP to process SVG, you must do so in a graphical environment.
- See <a href="graphics.html#batik">FOP: Graphics (Batik)</a> for details.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="install">
- <title>Installation</title>
- <section id="install-instruct">
- <title>Instructions</title>
- <p>
- Basic FOP installation consists of first unzipping the <code>.gz</code> file that is the
- distribution medium, then unarchiving the resulting <code>.tar</code> file in a
- directory/folder that is convenient on your system. Please consult your operating system
- documentation or Zip application software documentation for instructions specific to your
- site.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="install-problems">
- <title>Problems</title>
- <p>
- Some Mac OSX users have experienced filename truncation problems using Stuffit to unzip
- and unarchive their distribution media. This is a legacy of older Mac operating systems,
- which had a 31-character pathname limit. Several Mac OSX users have recommended that
- Mac OSX users use the shell command <code>tar -xzf</code> instead.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="standalone-start">
- <title>Starting FOP as a Standalone Application</title>
- <section id="fop-script">
- <title>Using the fop script or batch file</title>
- <p>
- The usual and recommended practice for starting FOP from the command line is to run the
- batch file fop.bat (Windows) or the shell script fop (Unix/Linux).
- These scripts require that the environment variable JAVA_HOME be
- set to a path pointing to the appropriate Java installation on your system. Macintosh OSX
- includes a Java environment as part of its distribution. We are told by Mac OSX users that
- the path to use in this case is <code>/Library/Java/Home</code>. <strong>Caveat:</strong>
- We suspect that, as Apple releases new Java environments and as FOP upgrades the minimum
- Java requirements, the two will inevitably not match on some systems. Please see
- <a href="http://developer.apple.com/java/faq">Java on Mac OSX FAQ</a> for information as
- it becomes available.
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-USAGE
-Fop [options] [-fo|-xml] infile [-xsl file] [-awt|-pdf|-mif|-rtf|-tiff|-png|-pcl|-ps|-txt|-at [mime]|-print] <outfile>
- [OPTIONS]
- -version print FOP version and exit
- -d debug mode
- -x dump configuration settings
- -q quiet mode
- -c cfg.xml use additional configuration file cfg.xml
- -l lang the language to use for user information
- -nocs disable complex script features
- -r relaxed/less strict validation (where available)
- -dpi xxx target resolution in dots per inch (dpi) where xxx is a number
- -s for area tree XML, down to block areas only
- -v run in verbose mode (currently simply print FOP version and continue)
-
- -o [password] PDF file will be encrypted with option owner password
- -u [password] PDF file will be encrypted with option user password
- -noprint PDF file will be encrypted without printing permission
- -nocopy PDF file will be encrypted without copy content permission
- -noedit PDF file will be encrypted without edit content permission
- -noannotations PDF file will be encrypted without edit annotation permission
- -nofillinforms PDF file will be encrypted without fill in forms permission
- -noaccesscontent PDF file will be encrypted without extract text and graphics permission
- -noassembledoc PDF file will be encrypted without assemble the document permission
- -noprinthq PDF file will be encrypted without print high quality permission
- -a enables accessibility features (Tagged PDF etc., default off)
- -pdfprofile prof PDF file will be generated with the specified profile
- (Examples for prof: PDF/A-1b or PDF/X-3:2003)
-
- -conserve enable memory-conservation policy (trades memory-consumption for disk I/O)
- (Note: currently only influences whether the area tree is serialized.)
-
- -cache specifies a file/directory path location
- -flush flushes the current font cache file
-
- [INPUT]
- infile xsl:fo input file (the same as the next)
- (use '-' for infile to pipe input from stdin)
- -fo infile xsl:fo input file
- -xml infile xml input file, must be used together with -xsl
- -atin infile area tree input file
- -ifin infile intermediate format input file
- -imagein infile image input file (piping through stdin not supported)
- -xsl stylesheet xslt stylesheet
-
- -param name value <value> to use for parameter <name> in xslt stylesheet
- (repeat '-param name value' for each parameter)
-
- -catalog use catalog resolver for input XML and XSLT files
- [OUTPUT]
- outfile input will be rendered as PDF into outfile
- (use '-' for outfile to pipe output to stdout)
- -pdf outfile input will be rendered as PDF (outfile req'd)
- -pdfa1b outfile input will be rendered as PDF/A-1b compliant PDF
- (outfile req'd, same as "-pdf outfile -pdfprofile PDF/A-1b")
- -awt input will be displayed on screen
- -rtf outfile input will be rendered as RTF (outfile req'd)
- -pcl outfile input will be rendered as PCL (outfile req'd)
- -ps outfile input will be rendered as PostScript (outfile req'd)
- -afp outfile input will be rendered as AFP (outfile req'd)
- -tiff outfile input will be rendered as TIFF (outfile req'd)
- -png outfile input will be rendered as PNG (outfile req'd)
- -txt outfile input will be rendered as plain text (outfile req'd)
- -at [mime] out representation of area tree as XML (outfile req'd)
- specify optional mime output to allow the AT to be converted
- to final format later
- -if [mime] out representation of document in intermediate format XML (outfile req'd)
- specify optional mime output to allow the IF to be converted
- to final format later
- -print input file will be rendered and sent to the printer
- see options with "-print help"
- -out mime outfile input will be rendered using the given MIME type
- (outfile req'd) Example: "-out application/pdf D:\out.pdf"
- (Tip: "-out list" prints the list of supported MIME types)
- -svg outfile input will be rendered as an SVG slides file (outfile req'd)
- Experimental feature - requires additional fop-sandbox.jar.
-
- -foout outfile input will only be XSL transformed. The intermediate
- XSL-FO file is saved and no rendering is performed.
- (Only available if you use -xml and -xsl parameters)
-
-
- [Examples]
- fop foo.fo foo.pdf
- fop -fo foo.fo -pdf foo.pdf (does the same as the previous line)
- fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -pdf foo.pdf
- fop -xml foo.xml -xsl foo.xsl -foout foo.fo
- fop -xml - -xsl foo.xsl -pdf -
- fop foo.fo -mif foo.mif
- fop foo.fo -rtf foo.rtf
- fop foo.fo -print
- fop foo.fo -awt]]></source>
- <p>
- PDF encryption is only available if FOP was compiled with encryption support
- <strong>and</strong> if compatible encryption support is available at run time.
- Currently, only the JCE is supported. Check the <a href="pdfencryption.html">Details</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="your-own-script">
- <title>Writing your own script</title>
- <p>FOP's entry point for your own scripts is the class
-<code>org.apache.fop.cli.Main</code>. The general pattern for the
- command line is: <code>java -classpath <CLASSPATH>
- org.apache.fop.cli.Main <arguments></code>. The arguments
- consist of the options and infile and outfile specifications
- as shown above for the standard scripts. You may wish to review
- the standard scripts to make sure that
- you get your environment properly configured.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="jar-option">
- <title>Running with java's <code>-jar</code> option</title>
- <p>
- As an alternative to the start scripts you can run <code>java
- -jar path/to/build/fop.jar <arguments></code>, relying on
- FOP to build the classpath for running FOP dynamically, see <a
- href="#dynamical-classpath">below</a>. If you use hyphenation,
- you must put <code>fop-hyph.jar</code> in the <code>lib</code>
- directory.
- </p>
-
- <p>You can also run <code>java -jar path/to/fop.jar
- <arguments></code>, relying on the <code>Class-Path</code>
- entry in the manifest file. This works if you put
- <code>fop.jar</code> and all jar files from the <code>lib</code>
- directory in a single directory. If you use hyphenation, you
- must also put <code>fop-hyph.jar</code> in that directory.</p>
-
- <p>In both cases the arguments consist of the options and
- infile and outfile specifications as shown above for the
- standard scripts.</p>
- </section>
- <section id="dynamical-classpath">
- <title>FOP's dynamical classpath construction</title>
-
- <p>If FOP is started without a proper classpath, it tries to
- add its dependencies dynamically. If the system property
- <code>fop.home</code> contains the name of a directory, then
- FOP uses that directory as the base directory for its
- search. Otherwise the current working directory is the base
- directory. If the base directory is called <code>build</code>,
- then its parent directory becomes the base directory.</p>
-
- <p>FOP expects to find <code>fop.jar</code> in the
- <code>build</code> subdirectory of the base directory, and
- adds it to the classpath. Subsequently FOP adds all
- <code>jar</code> files in the lib directory to the
- classpath. The lib directory is either the <code>lib</code>
- subdirectory of the base directory, or, if that does not
- exist, the base directory itself.</p>
-
- <p>If the system property <code>fop.optional.lib</code>
- contains the name of a directory, then all <code>jar</code>
- files in that directory are also added to the classpath. See
- the methods <code>getJARList</code> and
- <code>checkDependencies</code> in
- <code>org.apache.fop.cli.Main</code>.</p>
-
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="check-input">
- <title>Using Xalan to Check XSL-FO Input</title>
- <p>
- FOP sessions that use -xml and -xsl input instead of -fo input are actually
- controlling two distinct conversions: Tranforming XML to XSL-FO, then formatting
- the XSL-FO to PDF (or another FOP output format).
- Although FOP controls both of these processes, the first is included merely as
- a convenience and for performance reasons.
- Only the second is part of FOP's core processing.
- If a user has a problem running FOP, it is important to determine which of these
- two processes is causing the problem.
- If the problem is in the first process, the user's stylesheet is likely the cause.
- The FOP development team does not have resources to help with stylesheet issues,
- although we have included links to some useful
- <a href="../resources.html#specs">Specifications</a> and
- <a href="../resources.html#articles">Books/Articles</a>.
- If the problem is in the second process, FOP may have a bug or an unimplemented
- feature that does require attention from the FOP development team.
- </p>
- <note>The user is always responsible to provide correct XSL-FO code to FOP.</note>
- <p>
- In the case of using -xml and -xsl input, although the user is responsible for
- the XSL-FO code that is FOP's input, it is not visible to the user. To make the
- intermediate FO file visible, the FOP distribution includes the "-foout" option
- which causes FOP to run only the first (transformation) step, and write the
- results to a file. (See also the Xalan command-line below)
- </p>
- <note>
- When asking for help on the FOP mailing lists, <em>never</em> attach XML and
- XSL to illustrate the issue. Always run the XSLT step (-foout) and send the
- resulting XSL-FO file instead. Of course, be sure that the XSL-FO file is
- correct before sending it.
- </note>
- <p>
- The -foout option works the same way as if you would call the
- <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/commandline.html">Xalan command-line</a>:
- </p>
- <p>
- <code>java org.apache.xalan.xslt.Process -IN xmlfile -XSL file -OUT outfile</code>
- </p>
- <p>
- Note that there are some subtle differences between the FOP and Xalan command-lines.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="memory">
- <title>Memory Usage</title>
- <p>
- FOP can consume quite a bit of memory, even though this has been continually improved.
- This is partly inherent to the formatting process and partly caused by implementation choices.
- All FO processors currently on the market have memory problems with certain layouts.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you are running out of memory when using FOP, here are some ideas that may help:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Increase memory available to the JVM. See
- <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/tooldocs/solaris/java.html">the -Xmx option</a>
- for more information.
- <warning>
- It is usually unwise to increase the memory allocated to the JVM beyond the amount of
- physical RAM, as this will generally cause significantly slower performance.
- </warning>
- </li>
- <li>
- Avoid forward references.
- Forward references are references to some later part of a document.
- Examples include page number citations which refer to pages which follow the citation,
- tables of contents at the beginning of a document, and page numbering schemes that
- include the total number of pages in the document
- (<a href="../faq.html#pagenum">"page N of TOTAL"</a>).
- Forward references cause all subsequent pages to be held in memory until the reference
- can be resolved, i.e. until the page with the referenced element is encountered.
- Forward references may be required by the task, but if you are getting a memory
- overflow, at least consider the possibility of eliminating them.
- A table of contents could be replaced by PDF bookmarks instead or moved to the end of
- the document (reshuffle the paper could after printing).
- </li>
- <li>
- Avoid large images, especially if they are scaled down.
- If they need to be scaled, scale them in another application upstream from FOP.
- For many image formats, memory consumption is driven mainly by the size of the image
- file itself, not its dimensions (width*height), so increasing the compression rate
- may help.
- </li>
- <li>
- Use multiple page sequences.
- FOP starts rendering after the end of a page sequence is encountered.
- While the actual rendering is done page-by-page, some additional memory is
- freed after the page sequence has been rendered.
- This can be substantial if the page sequence contains lots of FO elements.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="problems">
- <title>Problems</title>
- <p>If you have problems running FOP, please see the <a href="../gethelp.html">"How to get Help" page</a>.</p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Apache™ FOP: Servlets</title>
- <subtitle>How to use Apache™ FOP in a Servlet</subtitle>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="overview">
- <title>Overview</title>
- <p>
- This page discusses topic all around using Apache™ FOP in a servlet environment.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="example-servlets">
- <title>Example Servlets in the FOP distribution</title>
- <p>
- In the directory {fop-dir}/src/java/org/apache/fop/servlet, you'll find a working example
- of a FOP-enabled servlet.
- </p>
- <p>
- The servlet is automatically built when you build Apache FOP using the supplied Ant script. After building
- the servlet, drop fop.war into the webapps directory of Apache Tomcat (or any other web container). Then, you can use
- URLs like the following to generate PDF files:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>http://localhost:8080/fop/fop?fo=/home/path/to/fofile.fo</li>
- <li>http://localhost:8080/fop/fop?xml=/home/path/to/xmlfile.xml&xsl=/home/path/to/xslfile.xsl</li>
- </ul>
- <p/>
- <p>The source code for the servlet can be found under {fop-dir}/src/java/org/apache/fop/servlet/FopServlet.java.</p>
- <note>
- This example servlet should not be used on a public web server connected to the Internet as it does not contain
- any measures to prevent Denial-of-Service-Attacks. It is provided as an example and as a starting point for
- your own servlet.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="servlet">
- <title>Create your own Servlet</title>
- <note>
- This section assumes you are familiar with <a href="embedding.html">embedding FOP</a>.
- </note>
- <section id="minimal-servlet">
- <title>A minimal Servlet</title>
- <p>
- Here is a minimal code snippet to demonstrate the basics:
- </p>
- <source>private FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-private TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
-
-public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException {
- try {
- response.setContentType("application/pdf");
- Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, response.getOutputStream());
- Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer();
- Source src = new StreamSource("foo.fo");
- Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
- transformer.transform(src, res);
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- throw new ServletException(ex);
- }
-}</source>
- <note>
- There are numerous problems with the code snippet above.
- Its purpose is only to demonstrate the basic concepts.
- See below for details.
- </note>
- </section>
- <section id="xslt">
- <title>Adding XSL tranformation (XSLT)</title>
- <p>
- A common requirement is to transform an XML source to
- XSL-FO using an XSL transformation. It is recommended to use
- JAXP for this task. The following snippet shows the basic
- code:
- </p>
- <source>private FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-private TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
-
-public void init() throws ServletException {
- //Optionally customize the FopFactory and TransformerFactory here
-}
-
-[..]
-
- //Setup a buffer to obtain the content length
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-
- //Setup FOP
- Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop(MimeConstants.MIME_PDF, out);
-
- //Setup Transformer
- Source xsltSrc = new StreamSource(new File("foo-xml2fo.xsl"));
- Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(xsltSrc);
-
- //Make sure the XSL transformation's result is piped through to FOP
- Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());
-
- //Setup input
- Source src = new StreamSource(new File("foo.xml"));
-
- //Start the transformation and rendering process
- transformer.transform(src, res);
-
- //Prepare response
- response.setContentType("application/pdf");
- response.setContentLength(out.size());
-
- //Send content to Browser
- response.getOutputStream().write(out.toByteArray());
- response.getOutputStream().flush();</source>
- <note>
- Buffering the generated PDF in a ByteArrayOutputStream is done to avoid potential
- problems with the Acrobat Reader Plug-in in Microsoft Internet Explorer.
- </note>
- <p>
- The <code>Source</code> instance used above is simply an
- example. If you have to read the XML from a string, supply
- a <code>new StreamSource(new
- StringReader(xmlstring))</code>. Constructing and reparsing
- an XML string is generally less desirable than using a
- SAXSource if you generate your XML. You can alternatively
- supply a DOMSource as well. You may also use dynamically
- generated XSL if you like.
- </p>
- <p>
- Because you have an explicit <code>Transformer</code> object, you can also use it to
- explicitely set parameters for the transformation run.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="cfg">
- <title>Custom configuration</title>
- <p>
- You can easily set up your own FOUserAgent as demonstrated on the <a href="embedding.html">Embedding page</a>.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="performance">
- <title>Improving performance</title>
- <p>
- There are several options to consider:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Instead of java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream consider using the ByteArrayOutputStream
- implementation from the <a href="ext:commons-io">Jakarta Commons IO project</a> which allocates less memory.
- The full class name is: <code>org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream</code>
- </li>
- <li>
- In certain cases it can help to write the generated PDF to a temporary file so
- you can quickly reuse the file. This is especially useful, if Internet Explorer
- calls the servlet multiple times with the same request or if you often generate
- equal PDFs.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- Of course, the
- <a href="embedding.html#performance">performance hints from the Embedding page</a>
- apply here, too.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="uriresolver">
- <title>Accessing resources in your web application</title>
- <p>
- Often, you will want to use resources (stylesheets, images etc.) which are bundled with
- your web application. FOP provides a URIResolver implementation that lets you access
- files via the Servlet's ServletContext. The class is called
- <code>org.apache.fop.servlet.ServletContextURIResolver</code>.
- </p>
- <p>
- Here's how to set it up in your servlet. Instantiate a new instance in the servlet's
- init() method:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
- /** URIResolver for use by this servlet */
- protected URIResolver uriResolver;
-
- public void init() throws ServletException {
- this.uriResolver = new ServletContextURIResolver(getServletContext());
- [..]
- }]]></source>
- <p>
- The ServletContextURIResolver reacts on URIs beginning with "servlet-context:". If you
- want to access an image in a subdirectory of your web application, you could, for
- example, use: "servlet-context:/images/myimage.png". Don't forget the leading slash
- after the colon!
- </p>
- <p>
- Further down, you can use the URIResolver for various things:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- With the Transformer (JAXP/XSLT) so things like document() functions can resolver
- "servlet-context:" URIs.
- </li>
- <li>
- With the FopFactory so every resource FOP loads can be loaded using a "servlet-context:"
- URI.
- </li>
- <li>
- You can the ServletContextURIResolver yourself in your servlet code to access
- stylesheets or XML files bundled with your web application.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- Here are some example snippets:
- </p>
- <source><![CDATA[
-//Setting up the JAXP TransformerFactory
-this.transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
-this.transFactory.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);
-
-[..]
-
-//Setting up the FOP factory
-this.fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();
-this.fopFactory.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);
-
-[..]
-
-//The stylesheet for the JAXP Transfomer
-Source xsltSrc = this.uriResolver.resolve(
- "servlet-context:/xslt/mystylesheet.xsl", null);
-Transformer transformer = this.transFactory.newTransformer(xsltSrc);
-transformer.setURIResolver(this.uriResolver);]]></source>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="ie">
- <title>Notes on Microsoft Internet Explorer</title>
- <p>
- Some versions of Internet Explorer will not automatically show the PDF or call the servlet multiple times.
- These are well-known limitations of Internet Explorer and are not a problem of the servlet.
- However, Internet Explorer can still be used to download the PDF so that it can be viewed later.
- Here are some suggestions in this context:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Use an URL ending in <code>.pdf</code>, like
- <code>http://myserver/servlet/stuff.pdf</code>. Yes, the servlet can
- be configured to handle this. If the URL has to contain parameters,
- try to have <strong>both</strong> the base URL as well as the last parameter end in
- <code>.pdf</code>, if necessary append a dummy parameter, like
- <code>http://myserver/servlet/stuff.pdf?par1=a&par2=b&d=.pdf</code>. The
- effect may depend on IEx version.
- </li>
- <li>
- Give IEx the opportunity to cache. In particular, ensure the
- server does not set any headers causing IEx not to cache the
- content. This may be a real problem if the document is sent
- over HTTPS, because most IEx installations will by default
- <em>not</em> cache any content retrieved over HTTPS.
- Setting the <code>Expires</code> header entry may help in
- this case:<br/> <code>response.setDateHeader("Expires",
- System.currentTimeMillis() + cacheExpiringDuration *
- 1000);</code><br/> Consult your server manual and the
- relevant RFCs for further details on HTTP headers and
- caching.
- </li>
- <li>
- Cache in the server. It may help to include a parameter in
- the URL which has a timestamp as the value min order to
- decide whether a request is repeated. IEx is reported to
- retrieve a document up to three times, but never more often.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="servlet-engine">
- <title>Servlet Engines</title>
- <p>
- When using a servlet engine, there are potential CLASSPATH issues, and potential conflicts
- with existing XML/XSLT libraries. Servlet containers also often use their own classloaders
- for loading webapps, which can cause bugs and security problems.
- </p>
- <section id="tomcat">
- <title>Tomcat</title>
- <p>
- Check Tomcat's documentation for detailed instructions about installing FOP and Cocoon.
- There are known bugs that must be addressed, particularly for Tomcat 4.0.3.
- </p>
- </section>
- <section id="websphere">
- <title>WebSphere 3.5</title>
- <p>
- Put a copy of a working parser in some directory where WebSphere can access it.
- For example, if /usr/webapps/yourapp/servlets is the CLASSPATH for your servlets,
- copy the Xerces jar into it (any other directory would also be fine).
- Do not add the jar to the servlet CLASSPATH, but add it to the CLASSPATH of the
- application server which contains your web application.
- In the WebSphere administration console, click on the "environment" button in the
- "general" tab. In the "variable name" box, enter "CLASSPATH".
- In the "value" box, enter the correct path to the parser jar file
- (/usr/webapps/yourapp/servlets/Xerces.jar in our example here).
- Press "OK", then apply the change and restart the application server.
- </p>
- </section>
- </section>
- <section id="complex-usecases">
- <title>Handling complex use cases</title>
- <p>
- Sometimes the requirements for a servlet get quite sophisticated: SQL data sources,
- multiple XSL transformations, merging of several datasources etc. In such a case
- consider using <a class="fork" href="ext:cocoon">Apache Cocoon</a> instead
- of a custom servlet to accomplish your goal.
- </p>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
\ No newline at end of file
+++ /dev/null
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<!-- $Id$ -->
-<!DOCTYPE document PUBLIC "-//APACHE//DTD Documentation V2.0//EN" "http://forrest.apache.org/dtd/document-v20.dtd">
-<document>
- <header>
- <title>Upgrading from an Earlier Version of Apache™ FOP</title>
- <version>$Revision$</version>
- </header>
- <body>
- <section id="fop-1.0">
- <title>Upgrading from Version 1.0</title>
- <p>
- You should encounter very few issues in upgrading from FOP 1.0, except as noted in the following:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- The intermediate format (IF) output format has underwent minor modification as follows:
- <ul>
- <li>
- In order to track changes to the IF format, a <code>version</code> attribute has been added to the root
- <code>document</code> element. Since no version information was provided previously, the initial
- value of this attribute is <code>2.0</code>. Future backward compatible changes will update the minor
- version number, while future non-backward compatible changes will update the major version number.
- </li>
- <li>
- On the <code>text</code> element, a new alternate representation is used for adjustments to glyph positions as expressed by a <code>dp</code>
- attribute instead of the <code>dx</code> attribute. For further information, see
- <a href="http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/xmlgraphics-fop-dev/201202.mbox/%3cCACQ=j+evStXx=7hW=CHVNKCrZHUso9FHZCSk_5EoENOHcGpGOg@mail.gmail.com%3e">complex
- script patch - intermediate format changes</a>.
- </li>
- <li>
- On the <code>border-rect</code> element, the attributes {<code>before</code>, <code>after</code>, <code>start</code>, <code>end</code>}
- have been renamed to {<code>top</code>, <code>bottom</code>, <code>left</code>, <code>right</code>}, respectively.
- For further information, see
- <a href="http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/xmlgraphics-fop-dev/201202.mbox/%3cCACQ=j+evStXx=7hW=CHVNKCrZHUso9FHZCSk_5EoENOHcGpGOg@mail.gmail.com%3e">complex
- script patch - intermediate format changes</a>.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li>
- The <code>IFPainter</code> interface (of package <code>org.apache.fop.render.intermediate</code>), specifically the
- <code>drawText</code> and <code>drawBorderRect</code> method signatures, have been modified to express the semantics of the above changes to the IF output format.
- </li>
- <li>
- The area tree (AT) output format has underwent minor modification as follows:
- <ul>
- <li>
- In order to track changes to the AT format, a <code>version</code> attribute has been added to the root
- <code>areaTree</code> element. Since no version information was provided previously, the initial
- value of this attribute is <code>2.0</code>. Future backward compatible changes will update the minor
- version number, while future non-backward compatible changes will update the major version number.
- </li>
- <li>
- An optional <code>level</code> attribute has been added to a number of element types to express resolved bidirectional level.
- </li>
- <li>
- An optional <code>reversed</code> attribute has been added to the <code>word</code> element type to express that the glyphs that
- correspond to the character content of the element should be reversed (in order) in the inline progression dimension when rendering.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li>
- Because complex script features are now enabled by default, it is possible that different font specific data will be used for
- kerning than was previously used. This may be the case if a font supports a traditional TrueType <code>kern</code> table and
- also supports the advanced typographic <code>kern</code> feature with a <code>GPOS</code> table. In FOP 1.0, the former is used for kerning,
- while in FOP 1.1 with complex script features enabled, the latter is used. If it is desired to explicitly use the <code>kern</code> table (rather
- than the <code>GPOS</code> table) in such a case, then the <code>-nocs</code> command line option may be used when invoking FOP
- in order to disable complex script features.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- <section id="pre-1.0">
- <title>Upgrading from Pre-1.0 Versions</title>
- <p>
- If you're planning to upgrade to the latest Apache™ FOP version from a pre-1.0 version,
- there are a few very important things to consider:
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- The API of FOP has changed considerably and is not
- backwards-compatible with versions 0.20.5 and
- 0.91beta. Version 0.92 introduced the <strong>new stable
- API</strong>.
- </li>
- <li>
- Since version 0.92 some deprecated methods which were part
- of the old API have been removed. If you upgrade from 0.91
- beta, you will need to adjust your Java code. Similarly if
- you upgrade from 0.92 and use deprecated methods.
- </li>
- <li>
- If you are using a configuration file for version 0.20.5, you have to rebuild it in the new format. The format
- of the configuration files has changed since version 0.20.5. See conf/fop.xconf for
- an example configuration file. A XML Schema file can be found under
- src/foschema/fop-configuration.xsd.
- </li>
- <li>
- Beginning with version 0.94 you can skip the generation of
- font metric files and remove the "font-metrics" attribute
- in the font configuration. In the unlikely case that due to
- a bug you still need to use font metrics files you will need
- to regenerate the font metrics file if yours are from a FOP
- version before 0.93.
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- The new code is much more strict about the interpretation of the XSL-FO specification.
- Things that worked fine in version 0.20.5 might start to produce warnings or even errors
- now. FOP 0.20.5 contains many bugs which have been corrected in the new code.
- </p>
- <note label="An example">
- While FOP 0.20.5 allowed you to have empty <code>fo:table-cell</code> elements, the new code
- will complain about that (unless relaxed validation is enabled) because the specification
- demands at least one block-level element (<code>(%block;)+</code>, see
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl/#fo_table-cell">XSL-FO 1.1, 6.7.10</a>)
- inside an <code>fo:table-cell</code> element.
- </note>
- </li>
- <li>
- Extensions and Renderers written for version 0.20.5 will not work with the new code! The new FOP
- extension for <a href="http://barcode4j.sourceforge.net">Barcode4J</a> is available since
- January 2007.
- </li>
- <li>
- The SVG Renderer and the MIF Handler have not yet been resurrected! They are currently non-functional
- and hope for someone to step up and reimplement them.
- </li>
- </ul>
- <p>
- When you use your existing FO files or XML/XSL files which work fine with FOP version
- 0.20.5 against this FOP version some things may not work as expected. The following
- list will hopefully help you to identify and correct those problems.
- </p>
- <ul>
- <li>
- Check the <a href="../compliance.html">Compliance page</a> for the feature causing
- trouble. It may contain the necessary information to understand and resolve the problem.
- </li>
- <li>
- Not all 0.20.5 output formats are supported. PDF and Postscript should be fully supported.
- See <a href="output.html">Output Targets</a> for a more complete description.
- </li>
- <li>
- As stated above, empty table cells <code><fo:table-cell></fo:table-cell></code>
- are not allowed by the specification. The same applies to empty <code>fo:static-content</code>
- and <code>fo:block-container</code> elements, for example.
- </li>
- <li>
- Version 0.20.5 is not XSL-FO compliant with respect to sizing images (<code>external-graphic</code>)
- or <code>instream-foreign-object</code>
- objects. If images or SVGs are sized differently in your outputs with the new FOP version
- check <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37136">Bug 37136</a>
- as it contains some hints on what to do. The file
- <a href="http://svn.apache.org/viewcvs.cgi/xmlgraphics/fop/trunk/examples/fo/basic/images.fo?view=markup">
- <code>"examples/fo/basic/images.fo"</code></a> has
- a number of good examples that show the correct behaviour.
- </li>
- <li>
- The <code>fox:outline</code> extension is not implemented in the current version:
- it has been superseded by the new bookmark elements from XSL-FO 1.1.
- </li>
- </ul>
- </section>
- </body>
-</document>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="center">1.0 (stable)</th>
- <th align="center">1.1 (rc1)</th>
+ <th align="center">1.1 (stable)</th>
<th align="center">development</th>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="center">1.0 (stable)</th>
- <th align="center">1.1 (rc1)</th>
+ <th align="center">1.1 (stable)</th>
<th align="center">develop- ment</th>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="center">1.0 (stable)</th>
- <th align="center">1.1 (rc1)</th>
+ <th align="center">1.1 (stable)</th>
<th align="center">development</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<p/>
<table>
<tr>
- <th colspan="2">This Candidate Release</th>
+ <th colspan="2">Latest Stable Release</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Repository URL</td>
<td>
- <link href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1rc1/">
- <code>http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1rc1/</code>
+ <link href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1/">
+ <code>http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1/</code>
</link>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Web view</td>
<td>
- <link href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1rc1/">
- <code>http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1rc1/</code>
+ <link href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1/">
+ <code>http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-1_1/</code>
</link>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <th colspan="2">Latest Stable Release</th>
+ <th colspan="2">Previous Stable Release</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Repository URL</td>
</link>
</td>
</tr>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">Previous Stable Release</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Repository URL</td>
- <td>
- <link href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tages/fop-0_95/">
- <code>http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-0_95/</code>
- </link>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Web view</td>
- <td>
- <link href="http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-0_95/">
- <code>http://svn.apache.org/viewvc/xmlgraphics/fop/tags/fop-0_95/</code>
- </link>
- </td>
- </tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Trunk</th>
</tr>
<question>When is the next released planned?</question>
<answer>
<p>
- When it's ready and the committers have enough time to go
- through the time-consuming process of creating a release. Version
- 1.1rc1 was released on 02 July 2012. A subsequent final
- Version 1.1 is expected to be released within 1 to 3 months following
- this release candidate. If you want to speed up the process, consider <link
+ Version 1.1 of FOP was released on 20 October 2012.
+ Work on a new Version 1.2 of Apache FOP is underway at this time, with
+ no fixed date set for its release.
+ If you want to speed up the process, consider <link
href="dev/index.html#involved">contributing</link> to FOP.
</p>
</answer>
<section id="external-resources">
<title>External Resources</title>
<p>Resources needed by an XSL-FO file that are external to it (graphics, for example), are defined in the XSL-FO standard as being of type "uri-specification". This is defined in the standard at <jump href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl11/#datatype">Section 5.11 Property Datatypes</jump>, which includes a link to the URI standard itself. Refer to the XSL-FO and URI standards themselves for more detailed instructions.</p>
- <p>URIs may be either absolute or relative to a base URI. (See <link href="1.1rc1/configuration.html">FOP: Configuration</link> for information on setting the base URI for a FOP session). Here is an example referencing an external-graphic that is relative to the base URI:</p>
+ <p>URIs may be either absolute or relative to a base URI. (See <link href="1.1/configuration.html">FOP: Configuration</link> for information on setting the base URI for a FOP session). Here is an example referencing an external-graphic that is relative to the base URI:</p>
<source><![CDATA[<fo:external-graphic src="url('images/logo.jpg')"/>]]></source>
<p>Here is an example referencing an external-graphic that is an absolute URI on a local filesystem:</p>
<source><![CDATA[fo:external-graphic src="url('file:///d:/images/logo.jpg')"/>]]></source>
Apache™ FOP (Formatting Objects Processor) is a print formatter driven by XSL
formatting objects (XSL-FO) and an output independent formatter. It is a Java
application that reads a formatting object (FO) tree and renders the resulting
- pages to a specified output. <link href="1.1rc1/output.html">Output formats</link>
+ pages to a specified output. <link href="1.1/output.html">Output formats</link>
currently supported include PDF, PS, PCL, AFP, XML (area tree representation),
Print, AWT and PNG, and to a lesser extent, RTF and TXT. The primary output target is PDF.
</p>
</p>
<figure width="480" height="260" src="images/document.jpg" alt="Render Diagram" />
<p>
- A release candidate (rc1) of the latest version of FOP is available at <link href="1.1rc1/">FOP 1.1rc1</link>.
+ The latest version of FOP is available at <link href="1.1/">FOP 1.1</link>.
</p>
<p>
Support for each of the standard's objects and properties is detailed in <link href="compliance.html">FOP Compliance</link>.
source, or other semantic XML? If so, the question is <em>almost certainly not
appropriate to this list</em>. In general, the only input documents that are
appropriate on this list are XSL-FO snippets. See <link
- href="1.1rc1/running.html#check-input">Running Xalan</link> for instructions about capturing the XSL-FO document that is actually submitted to FOP. If you haven't examined the XSL-FO document yourself, then you are not yet prepared to formulate a FOP-specific question.</li>
+ href="1.1/running.html#check-input">Running Xalan</link> for instructions about capturing the XSL-FO document that is actually submitted to FOP. If you haven't examined the XSL-FO document yourself, then you are not yet prepared to formulate a FOP-specific question.</li>
<li>If you are providing one or more XSL-FO snippets:
<ul>
<li>Have you reduced them to the shortest possible complete, <strong>self-contained</strong> document that demonstrates the problem? Please do so.</li>
-->
<!-- $Id$ -->
<news>
- <item date="2012-07-02" title="Apache™ FOP 1.1rc1 Available">
+ <item date="2012-10-20" title="Apache™ FOP 1.1 Released">
<p>
- This is a candidate release for an upcoming FOP Version 1.1 (stable) release.
- release of the new FOP codebase. This release
- contains bug fixes and new features. See
- <a href="1.1rc1/releaseNotes_1.1rc1.html">Release Notes</a> for a list of
+ Apache™ FOP 1.1 contains bug fixes and a number of new features. See
+ <a href="1.1/releaseNotes_1.1.html">Release Notes</a> for a list of
the most important changes.
</p>
</item>
<p>The goal of this <strong>Quick Start Guide</strong> is to help novice users get Apache FOP up and running quickly. Typically, you'll need to:</p>
<ol>
<li><link href="download.html">Download FOP</link></li>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/compiling.html">Build FOP</link> (you can skip this step if you download the binary distribution!)</li>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/configuration.html">Configure FOP</link></li>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/running.html">Run FOP</link></li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/compiling.html">Build FOP</link> (you can skip this step if you download the binary distribution!)</li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/configuration.html">Configure FOP</link></li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/running.html">Run FOP</link></li>
</ol>
<p>Here are some links to help you find out what FOP can do, as well as how and where to get help:</p>
<ul>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/embedding.html">Calling FOP from a Java Application</link></li>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/servlets.html">Using FOP in Servlets</link></li>
- <li><link href="1.1rc1/anttask.html">Using FOP in an 'Ant' Build Script</link></li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/embedding.html">Calling FOP from a Java Application</link></li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/servlets.html">Using FOP in Servlets</link></li>
+ <li><link href="1.1/anttask.html">Using FOP in an 'Ant' Build Script</link></li>
<li><link href="compliance.html" title="FOP Compliance">XSL-FO Compliance</link> (what FOP supports and what it doesn't)</li>
<li><link href="faq.html">FAQs</link></li>
<li><link href="gethelp.html">Getting Help</link></li>
</ul>
<p>
Once you've familiarized yourself with the basics, you can get more detailed information,
- in the detailed FOP <link href="1.1rc1/index.html">product documentation</link>.
+ in the detailed FOP <link href="1.1/index.html">product documentation</link>.
</p>
</section>
-->
<!--
- BEGIN Version 1.1rc1 documentation tab
+ BEGIN Version 1.1 documentation tab
-->
- <trunk label="Apache™ FOP 1.1rc1" href="1.1rc1/" tab="stableversion">
+ <trunk label="Apache™ FOP 1.1" href="1.1/" tab="stableversion">
<about label="About" href="index.html"/>
- <release label="Release Notes" href="releaseNotes_1.1rc1.html"/>
- <changes label="Changes (1.1rc1)" href="changes_1.1rc1.html"/>
+ <release label="Release Notes" href="releaseNotes_1.1.html"/>
+ <changes label="Changes (1.1)" href="changes_1.1.html"/>
<knownissues label="Known Issues" href="knownissues_overview.html"/>
<upgrading label="Upgrading" href="upgrading.html"/>
</trunk>
<!--
- END Version 1.1rc1 documentation tab
+ END Version 1.1 documentation tab
-->
<!--
<body>
<section>
<title>Status</title>
- <p>Last updated 02 July 2012.</p>
+ <p>Last updated 20 October 2012.</p>
<p>
- Apache™ FOP version 1.1rc1 (candidate) was released on 02 July 2012.
+ Apache™ FOP Version 1.1 was released on 20 October 2012.
</p>
</section>
<section>
<title>Development Status</title>
<p>
The FOP code base is gradually evolving, from Version 0.90,
- released on 22 November 2005, to Version 1.1, expected to be released during
- the Summer of 2012. Further releases in the 1.x series and beyond are expected.
+ released on 22 November 2005, to Version 1.1, released on
+ 20 October 2012. Further releases in the 1.x series and beyond are expected.
</p>
<p>
FOP releases prior to version 0.90 were based on a different
<tabs software="FOP" title="FOP" copyright="@year@ The Apache Software Foundation" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<tab label="Home" dir=""/>
<tab label="Version 1.0" dir="1.0/"/>
- <tab label="Version 1.1rc1" dir="1.1rc1/"/>
+ <tab label="Version 1.1" dir="1.1/"/>
<tab label="FOP Trunk" dir="trunk/"/>
<tab label="Development" dir="dev/"/>
</tabs>
<status>
<developers>
- <!-- In alphabetical order (last name) -->
<person name="Glenn Adams" email="gadams@apache.org" id="GA"/>
<person name="Max Berger" email="mayberger@apache.org" id="MB"/>
<person name="Chris Bowditch" email="cbowditch@apache.org" id="CB"/>
<person name="Jeremias Märki" email="jeremias@apache.org" id="JM"/>
<person name="Simon Pepping" email="spepping@apache.org" id="SP"/>
<person name="the FOP committers" email="fop-dev@xmlgraphics.apache.org" id="all"/>
- <person name="Volunteer needed" email="general@xmlgraphics.apache.org" id="open"/>
- <!-- See also src/documentation/content/xdocs/team.xml -->
</developers>
<contexts>
the restarted Knuth sequence.
</action>
</release>
- <release version="1.1rc1" date="02 July 2012">
+ <release version="1.1" date="20 October 2012">
<action context="Test" dev="GA" type="fix">
Fix errors and warnings in example files. Add build.xml for documentation examples.
</action>
<dependency>\r
<groupId>org.apache.xmlgraphics</groupId>\r
<artifactId>xmlgraphics-commons</artifactId>\r
- <version>1.4</version>\r
+ <version>1.5</version>\r
</dependency>\r
<dependency>\r
<groupId>org.apache.xmlgraphics</groupId>\r
<dependency>\r
<groupId>org.apache.avalon.framework</groupId>\r
<artifactId>avalon-framework-api</artifactId>\r
- <version>4.3.1</version>\r
+ <version>4.2.0</version>\r
</dependency>\r
<dependency>\r
<groupId>org.apache.avalon.framework</groupId>\r
<artifactId>avalon-framework-impl</artifactId>\r
- <version>4.3.1</version>\r
+ <version>4.2.0</version>\r
</dependency>\r
<dependency>\r
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>\r
projects / xmlgraphics-fop.git / commitdiff