]> source.dussan.org Git - gitea.git/commitdiff
Restore Accessibility for Dropdown (#16576)
authorzeripath <art27@cantab.net>
Thu, 5 Aug 2021 22:16:24 +0000 (23:16 +0100)
committerGitHub <noreply@github.com>
Thu, 5 Aug 2021 22:16:24 +0000 (01:16 +0300)
* Restore #10096/#8638 and re-fix #15172

This PR restores the vendored and patched dropdow from #8638. It
however, abandons the calls to `click()` using instead the default
dropdown click calls instead. This prevents the issue of the dropdown
grabbing focus permanently however, this may have negative effects on
the effect of focus on the dropdowns.

Of note, the behaviour of the template selector dropdown on the repo
creation page is slightly odd - I don't believe that this odd behaviour
is caused by this PR but rather by the feed source for this. I suspect
that the dropdown should be adding a delete button to its selection.

Fix #15172
References: #7057

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
* leverage fomantic-build instead

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
* as per jookia

Signed-off-by: Andrew Thornton <art27@cantab.net>
.eslintrc
Makefile
web_src/fomantic/build/semantic.css
web_src/fomantic/build/semantic.js
web_src/js/vendor/dropdown.js [new file with mode: 0644]

index 640956f73424fa5c22a92fdca234cd35ddae20d2..71cbd5cfb6c23665920227b66fb8fda288196f35 100644 (file)
--- a/.eslintrc
+++ b/.eslintrc
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ root: true
 reportUnusedDisableDirectives: true
 
 ignorePatterns:
+  - /web_src/js/vendor
   - /templates/base/head.tmpl
   - /templates/repo/activity.tmpl
   - /templates/repo/view_file.tmpl
index 2fbd840c8701f32b6d1714b4818371d6779dec55..de14ce6be633eeba790011e8264dd8ebf6fe18e5 100644 (file)
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -699,6 +699,7 @@ fomantic:
        cd $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR) && npm install --no-save
        cp -f $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR)/theme.config.less $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR)/node_modules/fomantic-ui/src/theme.config
        cp -rf $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR)/_site $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR)/node_modules/fomantic-ui/src/
+       cp -f web_src/js/vendor/dropdown.js $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR)/node_modules/fomantic-ui/src/definitions/modules
        cd $(FOMANTIC_WORK_DIR) && npx gulp -f node_modules/fomantic-ui/gulpfile.js build
 
 .PHONY: webpack
index ee136e13ff7cfe90cb6eced7a74d405fd7e43a5f..27ff073a567f694e7ce8dd1910974bdaf3aad37b 100644 (file)
@@ -30873,7 +30873,7 @@ ol.ui.suffixed.list li:before,
      List
 ---------------*/
 
-/* Menu divider shouldn't apply */
+/* Menu divider shouldnt apply */
 
 .ui.menu .list .item:before {
   background: none !important;
@@ -31802,7 +31802,7 @@ Floated Menu / Item
   opacity: 1;
 }
 
-/* Icon Glyph */
+/* Icon Gylph */
 
 .ui.icon.menu i.icon:before {
   opacity: 1;
index c68d266b0cd5f990d8683408ae1529835b240642..6514e99e338231dfdda7a3b62eee62b5b5b2e1e6 100644 (file)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ $.api = $.fn.api = function(parameters) {
                response = JSON.parse(response);
               }
               catch(e) {
-                // isn't json string
+                // isnt json string
               }
             }
             return response;
@@ -2220,7 +2220,7 @@ $.fn.dimmer = function(parameters) {
 
         event: {
           click: function(event) {
-            module.verbose('Determining if event occurred on dimmer', event);
+            module.verbose('Determining if event occured on dimmer', event);
             if( $dimmer.find(event.target).length === 0 || $(event.target).is(selector.content) ) {
               module.hide();
               event.stopImmediatePropagation();
@@ -2827,6 +2827,13 @@ $.fn.dimmer.settings = {
  *
  */
 
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors
+ * Released under the MIT license
+ * http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ * This version has been modified by Gitea to improve accessibility.
+ */
+
 ;(function ($, window, document, undefined) {
 
 'use strict';
@@ -2860,6 +2867,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
     query          = arguments[0],
     methodInvoked  = (typeof query == 'string'),
     queryArguments = [].slice.call(arguments, 1),
+    lastAriaID = 1,
     returnedValue
   ;
 
@@ -2952,6 +2960,8 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
 
             module.observeChanges();
             module.instantiate();
+
+            module.aria.setup();
           }
 
         },
@@ -3152,6 +3162,86 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
           }
         },
 
+        aria: {
+          setup: function() {
+            var role = module.aria.guessRole();
+            if( role !== 'menu' ) {
+              return;
+            }
+            $module.attr('aria-busy', 'true');
+            $module.attr('role', 'menu');
+            $module.attr('aria-haspopup', 'menu');
+            $module.attr('aria-expanded', 'false');
+            $menu.find('.divider').attr('role', 'separator');
+            $item.attr('role', 'menuitem');
+            $item.each(function (index, item) {
+              if( !item.id ) {
+                item.id = module.aria.nextID('menuitem');
+              }
+            });
+            $text = $module
+              .find('> .text')
+              .eq(0)
+            ;
+            if( $module.data('content') ) {
+              $text.attr('aria-hidden');
+              $module.attr('aria-label', $module.data('content'));
+            }
+            else {
+              $text.attr('id', module.aria.nextID('menutext'));
+              $module.attr('aria-labelledby', $text.attr('id'));
+            }
+            $module.attr('aria-busy', 'false');
+          },
+          nextID: function(prefix) {
+            var nextID;
+            do {
+              nextID = prefix + '_' + lastAriaID++;
+            } while( document.getElementById(nextID) );
+            return nextID;
+          },
+          setExpanded: function(expanded) {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') ) {
+              $module.attr('aria-expanded', expanded);
+            }
+          },
+          refreshDescendant: function() {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') !== 'menu' ) {
+              return;
+            }
+            var
+              $currentlySelected = $item.not(selector.unselectable).filter('.' + className.selected).eq(0),
+              $activeItem        = $menu.children('.' + className.active).eq(0),
+              $selectedItem      = ($currentlySelected.length > 0)
+                ? $currentlySelected
+                : $activeItem
+            ;
+            if( $selectedItem ) {
+              $module.attr('aria-activedescendant', $selectedItem.attr('id'));
+            }
+            else {
+              module.aria.removeDescendant();
+            }
+          },
+          removeDescendant: function() {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') == 'menu' ) {
+              $module.removeAttr('aria-activedescendant');
+            }
+          },
+          guessRole: function() {
+            var
+              isIcon = $module.hasClass('icon'),
+              hasSearch = module.has.search(),
+              hasInput = ($input.length > 0),
+              isMultiple = module.is.multiple()
+            ;
+            if ( !isIcon && !hasSearch && !hasInput && !isMultiple ) {
+              return 'menu';
+            }
+            return 'unknown';
+          }
+        },
+
         setup: {
           api: function() {
             var
@@ -3198,6 +3288,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
             if(settings.allowTab) {
               module.set.tabbable();
             }
+            $item.attr('tabindex', '-1');
           },
           select: function() {
             var
@@ -3344,6 +3435,8 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
               return true;
             }
             if(settings.onShow.call(element) !== false) {
+              module.aria.setExpanded(true);
+              module.aria.refreshDescendant();
               module.animate.show(function() {
                 if( module.can.click() ) {
                   module.bind.intent();
@@ -3366,9 +3459,11 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
           if( module.is.active() && !module.is.animatingOutward() ) {
             module.debug('Hiding dropdown');
             if(settings.onHide.call(element) !== false) {
+              module.aria.setExpanded(false);
+              module.aria.removeDescendant();
               module.animate.hide(function() {
                 module.remove.visible();
-                // hiding search focus
+                // hidding search focus
                 if ( module.is.focusedOnSearch() && preventBlur !== true ) {
                   $search.blur();
                 }
@@ -4319,7 +4414,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
               // allow selection with menu closed
               if(isAdditionWithoutMenu) {
                 module.verbose('Selecting item from keyboard shortcut', $selectedItem);
-                module.event.item.click.call($selectedItem, event);
+                $selectedItem[0].click();
                 if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
                   module.remove.searchTerm();
                 }
@@ -4339,7 +4434,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
                   }
                   else if(selectedIsSelectable) {
                     module.verbose('Selecting item from keyboard shortcut', $selectedItem);
-                    module.event.item.click.call($selectedItem, event);
+                    $selectedItem[0].click();
                     if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
                       module.remove.searchTerm();
                       if(module.is.multiple()) {
@@ -4367,6 +4462,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
                         .closest(selector.item)
                           .addClass(className.selected)
                       ;
+                      module.aria.refreshDescendant();
                       event.preventDefault();
                     }
                   }
@@ -4383,6 +4479,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
                         .find(selector.item).eq(0)
                           .addClass(className.selected)
                       ;
+                      module.aria.refreshDescendant();
                       event.preventDefault();
                     }
                   }
@@ -4407,6 +4504,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
                     $nextItem
                       .addClass(className.selected)
                     ;
+                    module.aria.refreshDescendant();
                     module.set.scrollPosition($nextItem);
                     if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
                       module.set.selectedItem($nextItem);
@@ -4434,6 +4532,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
                     $nextItem
                       .addClass(className.selected)
                     ;
+                    module.aria.refreshDescendant();
                     module.set.scrollPosition($nextItem);
                     if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
                       module.set.selectedItem($nextItem);
@@ -5403,6 +5502,7 @@ $.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
               module.set.scrollPosition($nextValue);
               $selectedItem.removeClass(className.selected);
               $nextValue.addClass(className.selected);
+              module.aria.refreshDescendant();
               if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
                 module.set.selectedItem($nextValue);
               }
@@ -11937,7 +12037,7 @@ $.fn.progress = function(parameters) {
            *
            * @param min A minimum value within multiple values
            * @param total A total amount of multiple values
-           * @returns {number} A precision. Could be 1, 10, 100, ... 1e+10.
+           * @returns {number} A precison. Could be 1, 10, 100, ... 1e+10.
            */
           derivePrecision: function(min, total) {
             var precisionPower = 0
@@ -12837,7 +12937,7 @@ $.fn.progress.settings = {
     nonNumeric      : 'Progress value is non numeric',
     tooHigh         : 'Value specified is above 100%',
     tooLow          : 'Value specified is below 0%',
-    sumExceedsTotal : 'Sum of multiple values exceed total',
+    sumExceedsTotal : 'Sum of multple values exceed total',
   },
 
   regExp: {
@@ -18076,7 +18176,7 @@ $.fn.transition.settings = {
 
   // possible errors
   error: {
-    noAnimation : 'Element is no longer attached to DOM. Unable to animate.  Use silent setting to suppress this warning in production.',
+    noAnimation : 'Element is no longer attached to DOM. Unable to animate.  Use silent setting to surpress this warning in production.',
     repeated    : 'That animation is already occurring, cancelling repeated animation',
     method      : 'The method you called is not defined',
     support     : 'This browser does not support CSS animations'
diff --git a/web_src/js/vendor/dropdown.js b/web_src/js/vendor/dropdown.js
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..3d4cfec
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,4338 @@
+/*!
+ * # Fomantic-UI - Dropdown
+ * http://github.com/fomantic/Fomantic-UI/
+ *
+ *
+ * Released under the MIT license
+ * http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors
+ * Released under the MIT license
+ * http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
+ * This version has been modified by Gitea to improve accessibility.
+ */
+
+;(function ($, window, document, undefined) {
+
+'use strict';
+
+$.isFunction = $.isFunction || function(obj) {
+  return typeof obj === "function" && typeof obj.nodeType !== "number";
+};
+
+window = (typeof window != 'undefined' && window.Math == Math)
+  ? window
+  : (typeof self != 'undefined' && self.Math == Math)
+    ? self
+    : Function('return this')()
+;
+
+$.fn.dropdown = function(parameters) {
+  var
+    $allModules    = $(this),
+    $document      = $(document),
+
+    moduleSelector = $allModules.selector || '',
+
+    hasTouch       = ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement),
+    clickEvent      = hasTouch
+        ? 'touchstart'
+        : 'click',
+
+    time           = new Date().getTime(),
+    performance    = [],
+
+    query          = arguments[0],
+    methodInvoked  = (typeof query == 'string'),
+    queryArguments = [].slice.call(arguments, 1),
+    lastAriaID = 1,
+    returnedValue
+  ;
+
+  $allModules
+    .each(function(elementIndex) {
+      var
+        settings          = ( $.isPlainObject(parameters) )
+          ? $.extend(true, {}, $.fn.dropdown.settings, parameters)
+          : $.extend({}, $.fn.dropdown.settings),
+
+        className       = settings.className,
+        message         = settings.message,
+        fields          = settings.fields,
+        keys            = settings.keys,
+        metadata        = settings.metadata,
+        namespace       = settings.namespace,
+        regExp          = settings.regExp,
+        selector        = settings.selector,
+        error           = settings.error,
+        templates       = settings.templates,
+
+        eventNamespace  = '.' + namespace,
+        moduleNamespace = 'module-' + namespace,
+
+        $module         = $(this),
+        $context        = $(settings.context),
+        $text           = $module.find(selector.text),
+        $search         = $module.find(selector.search),
+        $sizer          = $module.find(selector.sizer),
+        $input          = $module.find(selector.input),
+        $icon           = $module.find(selector.icon),
+        $clear          = $module.find(selector.clearIcon),
+
+        $combo = ($module.prev().find(selector.text).length > 0)
+          ? $module.prev().find(selector.text)
+          : $module.prev(),
+
+        $menu           = $module.children(selector.menu),
+        $item           = $menu.find(selector.item),
+        $divider        = settings.hideDividers ? $item.parent().children(selector.divider) : $(),
+
+        activated       = false,
+        itemActivated   = false,
+        internalChange  = false,
+        iconClicked     = false,
+        element         = this,
+        instance        = $module.data(moduleNamespace),
+
+        selectActionActive,
+        initialLoad,
+        pageLostFocus,
+        willRefocus,
+        elementNamespace,
+        id,
+        selectObserver,
+        menuObserver,
+        classObserver,
+        module
+      ;
+
+      module = {
+
+        initialize: function() {
+          module.debug('Initializing dropdown', settings);
+
+          if( module.is.alreadySetup() ) {
+            module.setup.reference();
+          }
+          else {
+            if (settings.ignoreDiacritics && !String.prototype.normalize) {
+              settings.ignoreDiacritics = false;
+              module.error(error.noNormalize, element);
+            }
+
+            module.setup.layout();
+
+            if(settings.values) {
+              module.set.initialLoad();
+              module.change.values(settings.values);
+              module.remove.initialLoad();
+            }
+
+            module.refreshData();
+
+            module.save.defaults();
+            module.restore.selected();
+
+            module.create.id();
+            module.bind.events();
+
+            module.observeChanges();
+            module.instantiate();
+
+            module.aria.setup();
+          }
+
+        },
+
+        instantiate: function() {
+          module.verbose('Storing instance of dropdown', module);
+          instance = module;
+          $module
+            .data(moduleNamespace, module)
+          ;
+        },
+
+        destroy: function() {
+          module.verbose('Destroying previous dropdown', $module);
+          module.remove.tabbable();
+          module.remove.active();
+          $menu.transition('stop all');
+          $menu.removeClass(className.visible).addClass(className.hidden);
+          $module
+            .off(eventNamespace)
+            .removeData(moduleNamespace)
+          ;
+          $menu
+            .off(eventNamespace)
+          ;
+          $document
+            .off(elementNamespace)
+          ;
+          module.disconnect.menuObserver();
+          module.disconnect.selectObserver();
+          module.disconnect.classObserver();
+        },
+
+        observeChanges: function() {
+          if('MutationObserver' in window) {
+            selectObserver = new MutationObserver(module.event.select.mutation);
+            menuObserver   = new MutationObserver(module.event.menu.mutation);
+            classObserver  = new MutationObserver(module.event.class.mutation);
+            module.debug('Setting up mutation observer', selectObserver, menuObserver, classObserver);
+            module.observe.select();
+            module.observe.menu();
+            module.observe.class();
+          }
+        },
+
+        disconnect: {
+          menuObserver: function() {
+            if(menuObserver) {
+              menuObserver.disconnect();
+            }
+          },
+          selectObserver: function() {
+            if(selectObserver) {
+              selectObserver.disconnect();
+            }
+          },
+          classObserver: function() {
+            if(classObserver) {
+              classObserver.disconnect();
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        observe: {
+          select: function() {
+            if(module.has.input() && selectObserver) {
+              selectObserver.observe($module[0], {
+                childList : true,
+                subtree   : true
+              });
+            }
+          },
+          menu: function() {
+            if(module.has.menu() && menuObserver) {
+              menuObserver.observe($menu[0], {
+                childList : true,
+                subtree   : true
+              });
+            }
+          },
+          class: function() {
+            if(module.has.search() && classObserver) {
+              classObserver.observe($module[0], {
+                attributes : true
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        create: {
+          id: function() {
+            id = (Math.random().toString(16) + '000000000').substr(2, 8);
+            elementNamespace = '.' + id;
+            module.verbose('Creating unique id for element', id);
+          },
+          userChoice: function(values) {
+            var
+              $userChoices,
+              $userChoice,
+              isUserValue,
+              html
+            ;
+            values = values || module.get.userValues();
+            if(!values) {
+              return false;
+            }
+            values = Array.isArray(values)
+              ? values
+              : [values]
+            ;
+            $.each(values, function(index, value) {
+              if(module.get.item(value) === false) {
+                html         = settings.templates.addition( module.add.variables(message.addResult, value) );
+                $userChoice  = $('<div />')
+                  .html(html)
+                  .attr('data-' + metadata.value, value)
+                  .attr('data-' + metadata.text, value)
+                  .addClass(className.addition)
+                  .addClass(className.item)
+                ;
+                if(settings.hideAdditions) {
+                  $userChoice.addClass(className.hidden);
+                }
+                $userChoices = ($userChoices === undefined)
+                  ? $userChoice
+                  : $userChoices.add($userChoice)
+                ;
+                module.verbose('Creating user choices for value', value, $userChoice);
+              }
+            });
+            return $userChoices;
+          },
+          userLabels: function(value) {
+            var
+              userValues = module.get.userValues()
+            ;
+            if(userValues) {
+              module.debug('Adding user labels', userValues);
+              $.each(userValues, function(index, value) {
+                module.verbose('Adding custom user value');
+                module.add.label(value, value);
+              });
+            }
+          },
+          menu: function() {
+            $menu = $('<div />')
+              .addClass(className.menu)
+              .appendTo($module)
+            ;
+          },
+          sizer: function() {
+            $sizer = $('<span />')
+              .addClass(className.sizer)
+              .insertAfter($search)
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        search: function(query) {
+          query = (query !== undefined)
+            ? query
+            : module.get.query()
+          ;
+          module.verbose('Searching for query', query);
+          if(module.has.minCharacters(query)) {
+            module.filter(query);
+          }
+          else {
+            module.hide(null,true);
+          }
+        },
+
+        select: {
+          firstUnfiltered: function() {
+            module.verbose('Selecting first non-filtered element');
+            module.remove.selectedItem();
+            $item
+              .not(selector.unselectable)
+              .not(selector.addition + selector.hidden)
+                .eq(0)
+                .addClass(className.selected)
+            ;
+          },
+          nextAvailable: function($selected) {
+            $selected = $selected.eq(0);
+            var
+              $nextAvailable = $selected.nextAll(selector.item).not(selector.unselectable).eq(0),
+              $prevAvailable = $selected.prevAll(selector.item).not(selector.unselectable).eq(0),
+              hasNext        = ($nextAvailable.length > 0)
+            ;
+            if(hasNext) {
+              module.verbose('Moving selection to', $nextAvailable);
+              $nextAvailable.addClass(className.selected);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Moving selection to', $prevAvailable);
+              $prevAvailable.addClass(className.selected);
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        aria: {
+          setup: function() {
+            var role = module.aria.guessRole();
+            if( role !== 'menu' ) {
+              return;
+            }
+            $module.attr('aria-busy', 'true');
+            $module.attr('role', 'menu');
+            $module.attr('aria-haspopup', 'menu');
+            $module.attr('aria-expanded', 'false');
+            $menu.find('.divider').attr('role', 'separator');
+            $item.attr('role', 'menuitem');
+            $item.each(function (index, item) {
+              if( !item.id ) {
+                item.id = module.aria.nextID('menuitem');
+              }
+            });
+            $text = $module
+              .find('> .text')
+              .eq(0)
+            ;
+            if( $module.data('content') ) {
+              $text.attr('aria-hidden');
+              $module.attr('aria-label', $module.data('content'));
+            }
+            else {
+              $text.attr('id', module.aria.nextID('menutext'));
+              $module.attr('aria-labelledby', $text.attr('id'));
+            }
+            $module.attr('aria-busy', 'false');
+          },
+          nextID: function(prefix) {
+            var nextID;
+            do {
+              nextID = prefix + '_' + lastAriaID++;
+            } while( document.getElementById(nextID) );
+            return nextID;
+          },
+          setExpanded: function(expanded) {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') ) {
+              $module.attr('aria-expanded', expanded);
+            }
+          },
+          refreshDescendant: function() {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') !== 'menu' ) {
+              return;
+            }
+            var
+              $currentlySelected = $item.not(selector.unselectable).filter('.' + className.selected).eq(0),
+              $activeItem        = $menu.children('.' + className.active).eq(0),
+              $selectedItem      = ($currentlySelected.length > 0)
+                ? $currentlySelected
+                : $activeItem
+            ;
+            if( $selectedItem ) {
+              $module.attr('aria-activedescendant', $selectedItem.attr('id'));
+            }
+            else {
+              module.aria.removeDescendant();
+            }
+          },
+          removeDescendant: function() {
+            if( $module.attr('aria-haspopup') == 'menu' ) {
+              $module.removeAttr('aria-activedescendant');
+            }
+          },
+          guessRole: function() {
+            var
+              isIcon = $module.hasClass('icon'),
+              hasSearch = module.has.search(),
+              hasInput = ($input.length > 0),
+              isMultiple = module.is.multiple()
+            ;
+            if ( !isIcon && !hasSearch && !hasInput && !isMultiple ) {
+              return 'menu';
+            }
+            return 'unknown';
+          }
+        },
+
+        setup: {
+          api: function() {
+            var
+              apiSettings = {
+                debug   : settings.debug,
+                urlData : {
+                  value : module.get.value(),
+                  query : module.get.query()
+                },
+                on    : false
+              }
+            ;
+            module.verbose('First request, initializing API');
+            $module
+              .api(apiSettings)
+            ;
+          },
+          layout: function() {
+            if( $module.is('select') ) {
+              module.setup.select();
+              module.setup.returnedObject();
+            }
+            if( !module.has.menu() ) {
+              module.create.menu();
+            }
+            if ( module.is.selection() && module.is.clearable() && !module.has.clearItem() ) {
+              module.verbose('Adding clear icon');
+              $clear = $('<i />')
+                .addClass('remove icon')
+                .insertBefore($text)
+              ;
+            }
+            if( module.is.search() && !module.has.search() ) {
+              module.verbose('Adding search input');
+              $search = $('<input />')
+                .addClass(className.search)
+                .prop('autocomplete', 'off')
+                .insertBefore($text)
+              ;
+            }
+            if( module.is.multiple() && module.is.searchSelection() && !module.has.sizer()) {
+              module.create.sizer();
+            }
+            if(settings.allowTab) {
+              module.set.tabbable();
+            }
+            $item.attr('tabindex', '-1');
+          },
+          select: function() {
+            var
+              selectValues  = module.get.selectValues()
+            ;
+            module.debug('Dropdown initialized on a select', selectValues);
+            if( $module.is('select') ) {
+              $input = $module;
+            }
+            // see if select is placed correctly already
+            if($input.parent(selector.dropdown).length > 0) {
+              module.debug('UI dropdown already exists. Creating dropdown menu only');
+              $module = $input.closest(selector.dropdown);
+              if( !module.has.menu() ) {
+                module.create.menu();
+              }
+              $menu = $module.children(selector.menu);
+              module.setup.menu(selectValues);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Creating entire dropdown from select');
+              $module = $('<div />')
+                .attr('class', $input.attr('class') )
+                .addClass(className.selection)
+                .addClass(className.dropdown)
+                .html( templates.dropdown(selectValues, fields, settings.preserveHTML, settings.className) )
+                .insertBefore($input)
+              ;
+              if($input.hasClass(className.multiple) && $input.prop('multiple') === false) {
+                module.error(error.missingMultiple);
+                $input.prop('multiple', true);
+              }
+              if($input.is('[multiple]')) {
+                module.set.multiple();
+              }
+              if ($input.prop('disabled')) {
+                module.debug('Disabling dropdown');
+                $module.addClass(className.disabled);
+              }
+              $input
+                .removeAttr('required')
+                .removeAttr('class')
+                .detach()
+                .prependTo($module)
+              ;
+            }
+            module.refresh();
+          },
+          menu: function(values) {
+            $menu.html( templates.menu(values, fields,settings.preserveHTML,settings.className));
+            $item    = $menu.find(selector.item);
+            $divider = settings.hideDividers ? $item.parent().children(selector.divider) : $();
+          },
+          reference: function() {
+            module.debug('Dropdown behavior was called on select, replacing with closest dropdown');
+            // replace module reference
+            $module  = $module.parent(selector.dropdown);
+            instance = $module.data(moduleNamespace);
+            element  = $module.get(0);
+            module.refresh();
+            module.setup.returnedObject();
+          },
+          returnedObject: function() {
+            var
+              $firstModules = $allModules.slice(0, elementIndex),
+              $lastModules  = $allModules.slice(elementIndex + 1)
+            ;
+            // adjust all modules to use correct reference
+            $allModules = $firstModules.add($module).add($lastModules);
+          }
+        },
+
+        refresh: function() {
+          module.refreshSelectors();
+          module.refreshData();
+        },
+
+        refreshItems: function() {
+          $item    = $menu.find(selector.item);
+          $divider = settings.hideDividers ? $item.parent().children(selector.divider) : $();
+        },
+
+        refreshSelectors: function() {
+          module.verbose('Refreshing selector cache');
+          $text   = $module.find(selector.text);
+          $search = $module.find(selector.search);
+          $input  = $module.find(selector.input);
+          $icon   = $module.find(selector.icon);
+          $combo  = ($module.prev().find(selector.text).length > 0)
+            ? $module.prev().find(selector.text)
+            : $module.prev()
+          ;
+          $menu    = $module.children(selector.menu);
+          $item    = $menu.find(selector.item);
+          $divider = settings.hideDividers ? $item.parent().children(selector.divider) : $();
+        },
+
+        refreshData: function() {
+          module.verbose('Refreshing cached metadata');
+          $item
+            .removeData(metadata.text)
+            .removeData(metadata.value)
+          ;
+        },
+
+        clearData: function() {
+          module.verbose('Clearing metadata');
+          $item
+            .removeData(metadata.text)
+            .removeData(metadata.value)
+          ;
+          $module
+            .removeData(metadata.defaultText)
+            .removeData(metadata.defaultValue)
+            .removeData(metadata.placeholderText)
+          ;
+        },
+
+        toggle: function() {
+          module.verbose('Toggling menu visibility');
+          if( !module.is.active() ) {
+            module.show();
+          }
+          else {
+            module.hide();
+          }
+        },
+
+        show: function(callback, preventFocus) {
+          callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+            ? callback
+            : function(){}
+          ;
+          if(!module.can.show() && module.is.remote()) {
+            module.debug('No API results retrieved, searching before show');
+            module.queryRemote(module.get.query(), module.show);
+          }
+          if( module.can.show() && !module.is.active() ) {
+            module.debug('Showing dropdown');
+            if(module.has.message() && !(module.has.maxSelections() || module.has.allResultsFiltered()) ) {
+              module.remove.message();
+            }
+            if(module.is.allFiltered()) {
+              return true;
+            }
+            if(settings.onShow.call(element) !== false) {
+              module.aria.setExpanded(true);
+              module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+              module.animate.show(function() {
+                if( module.can.click() ) {
+                  module.bind.intent();
+                }
+                if(module.has.search() && !preventFocus) {
+                  module.focusSearch();
+                }
+                module.set.visible();
+                callback.call(element);
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        hide: function(callback, preventBlur) {
+          callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+            ? callback
+            : function(){}
+          ;
+          if( module.is.active() && !module.is.animatingOutward() ) {
+            module.debug('Hiding dropdown');
+            if(settings.onHide.call(element) !== false) {
+              module.aria.setExpanded(false);
+              module.aria.removeDescendant();
+              module.animate.hide(function() {
+                module.remove.visible();
+                // hidding search focus
+                if ( module.is.focusedOnSearch() && preventBlur !== true ) {
+                  $search.blur();
+                }
+                callback.call(element);
+              });
+            }
+          } else if( module.can.click() ) {
+              module.unbind.intent();
+          }
+          iconClicked = false;
+        },
+
+        hideOthers: function() {
+          module.verbose('Finding other dropdowns to hide');
+          $allModules
+            .not($module)
+              .has(selector.menu + '.' + className.visible)
+                .dropdown('hide')
+          ;
+        },
+
+        hideMenu: function() {
+          module.verbose('Hiding menu  instantaneously');
+          module.remove.active();
+          module.remove.visible();
+          $menu.transition('hide');
+        },
+
+        hideSubMenus: function() {
+          var
+            $subMenus = $menu.children(selector.item).find(selector.menu)
+          ;
+          module.verbose('Hiding sub menus', $subMenus);
+          $subMenus.transition('hide');
+        },
+
+        bind: {
+          events: function() {
+            module.bind.keyboardEvents();
+            module.bind.inputEvents();
+            module.bind.mouseEvents();
+          },
+          keyboardEvents: function() {
+            module.verbose('Binding keyboard events');
+            $module
+              .on('keydown' + eventNamespace, module.event.keydown)
+            ;
+            if( module.has.search() ) {
+              $module
+                .on(module.get.inputEvent() + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.input)
+              ;
+            }
+            if( module.is.multiple() ) {
+              $document
+                .on('keydown' + elementNamespace, module.event.document.keydown)
+              ;
+            }
+          },
+          inputEvents: function() {
+            module.verbose('Binding input change events');
+            $module
+              .on('change' + eventNamespace, selector.input, module.event.change)
+            ;
+          },
+          mouseEvents: function() {
+            module.verbose('Binding mouse events');
+            if(module.is.multiple()) {
+              $module
+                .on(clickEvent   + eventNamespace, selector.label,  module.event.label.click)
+                .on(clickEvent   + eventNamespace, selector.remove, module.event.remove.click)
+              ;
+            }
+            if( module.is.searchSelection() ) {
+              $module
+                .on('mousedown' + eventNamespace, module.event.mousedown)
+                .on('mouseup'   + eventNamespace, module.event.mouseup)
+                .on('mousedown' + eventNamespace, selector.menu,   module.event.menu.mousedown)
+                .on('mouseup'   + eventNamespace, selector.menu,   module.event.menu.mouseup)
+                .on(clickEvent  + eventNamespace, selector.icon,   module.event.icon.click)
+                .on(clickEvent  + eventNamespace, selector.clearIcon, module.event.clearIcon.click)
+                .on('focus'     + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.search.focus)
+                .on(clickEvent  + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.search.focus)
+                .on('blur'      + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.search.blur)
+                .on(clickEvent  + eventNamespace, selector.text,   module.event.text.focus)
+              ;
+              if(module.is.multiple()) {
+                $module
+                  .on(clickEvent + eventNamespace, module.event.click)
+                ;
+              }
+            }
+            else {
+              if(settings.on == 'click') {
+                $module
+                  .on(clickEvent + eventNamespace, selector.icon, module.event.icon.click)
+                  .on(clickEvent + eventNamespace, module.event.test.toggle)
+                ;
+              }
+              else if(settings.on == 'hover') {
+                $module
+                  .on('mouseenter' + eventNamespace, module.delay.show)
+                  .on('mouseleave' + eventNamespace, module.delay.hide)
+                ;
+              }
+              else {
+                $module
+                  .on(settings.on + eventNamespace, module.toggle)
+                ;
+              }
+              $module
+                .on('mousedown' + eventNamespace, module.event.mousedown)
+                .on('mouseup'   + eventNamespace, module.event.mouseup)
+                .on('focus'     + eventNamespace, module.event.focus)
+                .on(clickEvent  + eventNamespace, selector.clearIcon, module.event.clearIcon.click)
+              ;
+              if(module.has.menuSearch() ) {
+                $module
+                  .on('blur' + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.search.blur)
+                ;
+              }
+              else {
+                $module
+                  .on('blur' + eventNamespace, module.event.blur)
+                ;
+              }
+            }
+            $menu
+              .on((hasTouch ? 'touchstart' : 'mouseenter') + eventNamespace, selector.item, module.event.item.mouseenter)
+              .on('mouseleave' + eventNamespace, selector.item, module.event.item.mouseleave)
+              .on('click'      + eventNamespace, selector.item, module.event.item.click)
+            ;
+          },
+          intent: function() {
+            module.verbose('Binding hide intent event to document');
+            if(hasTouch) {
+              $document
+                .on('touchstart' + elementNamespace, module.event.test.touch)
+                .on('touchmove'  + elementNamespace, module.event.test.touch)
+              ;
+            }
+            $document
+              .on(clickEvent + elementNamespace, module.event.test.hide)
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        unbind: {
+          intent: function() {
+            module.verbose('Removing hide intent event from document');
+            if(hasTouch) {
+              $document
+                .off('touchstart' + elementNamespace)
+                .off('touchmove' + elementNamespace)
+              ;
+            }
+            $document
+              .off(clickEvent + elementNamespace)
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        filter: function(query) {
+          var
+            searchTerm = (query !== undefined)
+              ? query
+              : module.get.query(),
+            afterFiltered = function() {
+              if(module.is.multiple()) {
+                module.filterActive();
+              }
+              if(query || (!query && module.get.activeItem().length == 0)) {
+                module.select.firstUnfiltered();
+              }
+              if( module.has.allResultsFiltered() ) {
+                if( settings.onNoResults.call(element, searchTerm) ) {
+                  if(settings.allowAdditions) {
+                    if(settings.hideAdditions) {
+                      module.verbose('User addition with no menu, setting empty style');
+                      module.set.empty();
+                      module.hideMenu();
+                    }
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    module.verbose('All items filtered, showing message', searchTerm);
+                    module.add.message(message.noResults);
+                  }
+                }
+                else {
+                  module.verbose('All items filtered, hiding dropdown', searchTerm);
+                  module.hideMenu();
+                }
+              }
+              else {
+                module.remove.empty();
+                module.remove.message();
+              }
+              if(settings.allowAdditions) {
+                module.add.userSuggestion(module.escape.htmlEntities(query));
+              }
+              if(module.is.searchSelection() && module.can.show() && module.is.focusedOnSearch() ) {
+                module.show();
+              }
+            }
+          ;
+          if(settings.useLabels && module.has.maxSelections()) {
+            return;
+          }
+          if(settings.apiSettings) {
+            if( module.can.useAPI() ) {
+              module.queryRemote(searchTerm, function() {
+                if(settings.filterRemoteData) {
+                  module.filterItems(searchTerm);
+                }
+                var preSelected = $input.val();
+                if(!Array.isArray(preSelected)) {
+                    preSelected = preSelected && preSelected!=="" ? preSelected.split(settings.delimiter) : [];
+                }
+                $.each(preSelected,function(index,value){
+                  $item.filter('[data-value="'+value+'"]')
+                      .addClass(className.filtered)
+                  ;
+                });
+                afterFiltered();
+              });
+            }
+            else {
+              module.error(error.noAPI);
+            }
+          }
+          else {
+            module.filterItems(searchTerm);
+            afterFiltered();
+          }
+        },
+
+        queryRemote: function(query, callback) {
+          var
+            apiSettings = {
+              errorDuration : false,
+              cache         : 'local',
+              throttle      : settings.throttle,
+              urlData       : {
+                query: query
+              },
+              onError: function() {
+                module.add.message(message.serverError);
+                callback();
+              },
+              onFailure: function() {
+                module.add.message(message.serverError);
+                callback();
+              },
+              onSuccess : function(response) {
+                var
+                  values          = response[fields.remoteValues]
+                ;
+                if (!Array.isArray(values)){
+                    values = [];
+                }
+                module.remove.message();
+                var menuConfig = {};
+                menuConfig[fields.values] = values;
+                module.setup.menu(menuConfig);
+
+                if(values.length===0 && !settings.allowAdditions) {
+                  module.add.message(message.noResults);
+                }
+                callback();
+              }
+            }
+          ;
+          if( !$module.api('get request') ) {
+            module.setup.api();
+          }
+          apiSettings = $.extend(true, {}, apiSettings, settings.apiSettings);
+          $module
+            .api('setting', apiSettings)
+            .api('query')
+          ;
+        },
+
+        filterItems: function(query) {
+          var
+            searchTerm = module.remove.diacritics(query !== undefined
+              ? query
+              : module.get.query()
+            ),
+            results          =  null,
+            escapedTerm      = module.escape.string(searchTerm),
+            regExpFlags      = (settings.ignoreSearchCase ? 'i' : '') + 'gm',
+            beginsWithRegExp = new RegExp('^' + escapedTerm, regExpFlags)
+          ;
+          // avoid loop if we're matching nothing
+          if( module.has.query() ) {
+            results = [];
+
+            module.verbose('Searching for matching values', searchTerm);
+            $item
+              .each(function(){
+                var
+                  $choice = $(this),
+                  text,
+                  value
+                ;
+                if($choice.hasClass(className.unfilterable)) {
+                  results.push(this);
+                  return true;
+                }
+                if(settings.match === 'both' || settings.match === 'text') {
+                  text = module.remove.diacritics(String(module.get.choiceText($choice, false)));
+                  if(text.search(beginsWithRegExp) !== -1) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                  else if (settings.fullTextSearch === 'exact' && module.exactSearch(searchTerm, text)) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                  else if (settings.fullTextSearch === true && module.fuzzySearch(searchTerm, text)) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                }
+                if(settings.match === 'both' || settings.match === 'value') {
+                  value = module.remove.diacritics(String(module.get.choiceValue($choice, text)));
+                  if(value.search(beginsWithRegExp) !== -1) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                  else if (settings.fullTextSearch === 'exact' && module.exactSearch(searchTerm, value)) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                  else if (settings.fullTextSearch === true && module.fuzzySearch(searchTerm, value)) {
+                    results.push(this);
+                    return true;
+                  }
+                }
+              })
+            ;
+          }
+          module.debug('Showing only matched items', searchTerm);
+          module.remove.filteredItem();
+          if(results) {
+            $item
+              .not(results)
+              .addClass(className.filtered)
+            ;
+          }
+
+          if(!module.has.query()) {
+            $divider
+              .removeClass(className.hidden);
+          } else if(settings.hideDividers === true) {
+            $divider
+              .addClass(className.hidden);
+          } else if(settings.hideDividers === 'empty') {
+            $divider
+              .removeClass(className.hidden)
+              .filter(function() {
+                // First find the last divider in this divider group
+                // Dividers which are direct siblings are considered a group
+                var lastDivider = $(this).nextUntil(selector.item);
+
+                return (lastDivider.length ? lastDivider : $(this))
+                // Count all non-filtered items until the next divider (or end of the dropdown)
+                  .nextUntil(selector.divider)
+                  .filter(selector.item + ":not(." + className.filtered + ")")
+                  // Hide divider if no items are found
+                  .length === 0;
+              })
+              .addClass(className.hidden);
+          }
+        },
+
+        fuzzySearch: function(query, term) {
+          var
+            termLength  = term.length,
+            queryLength = query.length
+          ;
+          query = (settings.ignoreSearchCase ? query.toLowerCase() : query);
+          term  = (settings.ignoreSearchCase ? term.toLowerCase() : term);
+          if(queryLength > termLength) {
+            return false;
+          }
+          if(queryLength === termLength) {
+            return (query === term);
+          }
+          search: for (var characterIndex = 0, nextCharacterIndex = 0; characterIndex < queryLength; characterIndex++) {
+            var
+              queryCharacter = query.charCodeAt(characterIndex)
+            ;
+            while(nextCharacterIndex < termLength) {
+              if(term.charCodeAt(nextCharacterIndex++) === queryCharacter) {
+                continue search;
+              }
+            }
+            return false;
+          }
+          return true;
+        },
+        exactSearch: function (query, term) {
+          query = (settings.ignoreSearchCase ? query.toLowerCase() : query);
+          term  = (settings.ignoreSearchCase ? term.toLowerCase() : term);
+          return term.indexOf(query) > -1;
+
+        },
+        filterActive: function() {
+          if(settings.useLabels) {
+            $item.filter('.' + className.active)
+              .addClass(className.filtered)
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        focusSearch: function(skipHandler) {
+          if( module.has.search() && !module.is.focusedOnSearch() ) {
+            if(skipHandler) {
+              $module.off('focus' + eventNamespace, selector.search);
+              $search.focus();
+              $module.on('focus'  + eventNamespace, selector.search, module.event.search.focus);
+            }
+            else {
+              $search.focus();
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        blurSearch: function() {
+          if( module.has.search() ) {
+            $search.blur();
+          }
+        },
+
+        forceSelection: function() {
+          var
+            $currentlySelected = $item.not(className.filtered).filter('.' + className.selected).eq(0),
+            $activeItem        = $item.not(className.filtered).filter('.' + className.active).eq(0),
+            $selectedItem      = ($currentlySelected.length > 0)
+              ? $currentlySelected
+              : $activeItem,
+            hasSelected = ($selectedItem.length > 0)
+          ;
+          if(settings.allowAdditions || (hasSelected && !module.is.multiple())) {
+            module.debug('Forcing partial selection to selected item', $selectedItem);
+            module.event.item.click.call($selectedItem, {}, true);
+          }
+          else {
+            module.remove.searchTerm();
+          }
+        },
+
+        change: {
+          values: function(values) {
+            if(!settings.allowAdditions) {
+              module.clear();
+            }
+            module.debug('Creating dropdown with specified values', values);
+            var menuConfig = {};
+            menuConfig[fields.values] = values;
+            module.setup.menu(menuConfig);
+            $.each(values, function(index, item) {
+              if(item.selected == true) {
+                module.debug('Setting initial selection to', item[fields.value]);
+                module.set.selected(item[fields.value]);
+                if(!module.is.multiple()) {
+                  return false;
+                }
+              }
+            });
+
+            if(module.has.selectInput()) {
+              module.disconnect.selectObserver();
+              $input.html('');
+              $input.append('<option disabled selected value></option>');
+              $.each(values, function(index, item) {
+                var
+                  value = settings.templates.deQuote(item[fields.value]),
+                  name = settings.templates.escape(
+                    item[fields.name] || '',
+                    settings.preserveHTML
+                  )
+                ;
+                $input.append('<option value="' + value + '">' + name + '</option>');
+              });
+              module.observe.select();
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        event: {
+          change: function() {
+            if(!internalChange) {
+              module.debug('Input changed, updating selection');
+              module.set.selected();
+            }
+          },
+          focus: function() {
+            if(settings.showOnFocus && !activated && module.is.hidden() && !pageLostFocus) {
+              module.show();
+            }
+          },
+          blur: function(event) {
+            pageLostFocus = (document.activeElement === this);
+            if(!activated && !pageLostFocus) {
+              module.remove.activeLabel();
+              module.hide();
+            }
+          },
+          mousedown: function() {
+            if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+              // prevent menu hiding on immediate re-focus
+              willRefocus = true;
+            }
+            else {
+              // prevents focus callback from occurring on mousedown
+              activated = true;
+            }
+          },
+          mouseup: function() {
+            if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+              // prevent menu hiding on immediate re-focus
+              willRefocus = false;
+            }
+            else {
+              activated = false;
+            }
+          },
+          click: function(event) {
+            var
+              $target = $(event.target)
+            ;
+            // focus search
+            if($target.is($module)) {
+              if(!module.is.focusedOnSearch()) {
+                module.focusSearch();
+              }
+              else {
+                module.show();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          search: {
+            focus: function(event) {
+              activated = true;
+              if(module.is.multiple()) {
+                module.remove.activeLabel();
+              }
+              if(settings.showOnFocus || (event.type !== 'focus' && event.type !== 'focusin')) {
+                module.search();
+              }
+            },
+            blur: function(event) {
+              pageLostFocus = (document.activeElement === this);
+              if(module.is.searchSelection() && !willRefocus) {
+                if(!itemActivated && !pageLostFocus) {
+                  if(settings.forceSelection) {
+                    module.forceSelection();
+                  } else if(!settings.allowAdditions){
+                    module.remove.searchTerm();
+                  }
+                  module.hide();
+                }
+              }
+              willRefocus = false;
+            }
+          },
+          clearIcon: {
+            click: function(event) {
+              module.clear();
+              if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+                module.remove.searchTerm();
+              }
+              module.hide();
+              event.stopPropagation();
+            }
+          },
+          icon: {
+            click: function(event) {
+              iconClicked=true;
+              if(module.has.search()) {
+                if(!module.is.active()) {
+                    if(settings.showOnFocus){
+                      module.focusSearch();
+                    } else {
+                      module.toggle();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                  module.blurSearch();
+                }
+              } else {
+                module.toggle();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          text: {
+            focus: function(event) {
+              activated = true;
+              module.focusSearch();
+            }
+          },
+          input: function(event) {
+            if(module.is.multiple() || module.is.searchSelection()) {
+              module.set.filtered();
+            }
+            clearTimeout(module.timer);
+            module.timer = setTimeout(module.search, settings.delay.search);
+          },
+          label: {
+            click: function(event) {
+              var
+                $label        = $(this),
+                $labels       = $module.find(selector.label),
+                $activeLabels = $labels.filter('.' + className.active),
+                $nextActive   = $label.nextAll('.' + className.active),
+                $prevActive   = $label.prevAll('.' + className.active),
+                $range = ($nextActive.length > 0)
+                  ? $label.nextUntil($nextActive).add($activeLabels).add($label)
+                  : $label.prevUntil($prevActive).add($activeLabels).add($label)
+              ;
+              if(event.shiftKey) {
+                $activeLabels.removeClass(className.active);
+                $range.addClass(className.active);
+              }
+              else if(event.ctrlKey) {
+                $label.toggleClass(className.active);
+              }
+              else {
+                $activeLabels.removeClass(className.active);
+                $label.addClass(className.active);
+              }
+              settings.onLabelSelect.apply(this, $labels.filter('.' + className.active));
+            }
+          },
+          remove: {
+            click: function() {
+              var
+                $label = $(this).parent()
+              ;
+              if( $label.hasClass(className.active) ) {
+                // remove all selected labels
+                module.remove.activeLabels();
+              }
+              else {
+                // remove this label only
+                module.remove.activeLabels( $label );
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          test: {
+            toggle: function(event) {
+              var
+                toggleBehavior = (module.is.multiple())
+                  ? module.show
+                  : module.toggle
+              ;
+              if(module.is.bubbledLabelClick(event) || module.is.bubbledIconClick(event)) {
+                return;
+              }
+              if( module.determine.eventOnElement(event, toggleBehavior) ) {
+                event.preventDefault();
+              }
+            },
+            touch: function(event) {
+              module.determine.eventOnElement(event, function() {
+                if(event.type == 'touchstart') {
+                  module.timer = setTimeout(function() {
+                    module.hide();
+                  }, settings.delay.touch);
+                }
+                else if(event.type == 'touchmove') {
+                  clearTimeout(module.timer);
+                }
+              });
+              event.stopPropagation();
+            },
+            hide: function(event) {
+              if(module.determine.eventInModule(event, module.hide)){
+                if(element.id && $(event.target).attr('for') === element.id){
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          class: {
+            mutation: function(mutations) {
+              mutations.forEach(function(mutation) {
+                if(mutation.attributeName === "class") {
+                  module.check.disabled();
+                }
+              });
+            }
+          },
+          select: {
+            mutation: function(mutations) {
+              module.debug('<select> modified, recreating menu');
+              if(module.is.selectMutation(mutations)) {
+                module.disconnect.selectObserver();
+                module.refresh();
+                module.setup.select();
+                module.set.selected();
+                module.observe.select();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          menu: {
+            mutation: function(mutations) {
+              var
+                mutation   = mutations[0],
+                $addedNode = mutation.addedNodes
+                  ? $(mutation.addedNodes[0])
+                  : $(false),
+                $removedNode = mutation.removedNodes
+                  ? $(mutation.removedNodes[0])
+                  : $(false),
+                $changedNodes  = $addedNode.add($removedNode),
+                isUserAddition = $changedNodes.is(selector.addition) || $changedNodes.closest(selector.addition).length > 0,
+                isMessage      = $changedNodes.is(selector.message)  || $changedNodes.closest(selector.message).length > 0
+              ;
+              if(isUserAddition || isMessage) {
+                module.debug('Updating item selector cache');
+                module.refreshItems();
+              }
+              else {
+                module.debug('Menu modified, updating selector cache');
+                module.refresh();
+              }
+            },
+            mousedown: function() {
+              itemActivated = true;
+            },
+            mouseup: function() {
+              itemActivated = false;
+            }
+          },
+          item: {
+            mouseenter: function(event) {
+              var
+                $target        = $(event.target),
+                $item          = $(this),
+                $subMenu       = $item.children(selector.menu),
+                $otherMenus    = $item.siblings(selector.item).children(selector.menu),
+                hasSubMenu     = ($subMenu.length > 0),
+                isBubbledEvent = ($subMenu.find($target).length > 0)
+              ;
+              if( !isBubbledEvent && hasSubMenu ) {
+                clearTimeout(module.itemTimer);
+                module.itemTimer = setTimeout(function() {
+                  module.verbose('Showing sub-menu', $subMenu);
+                  $.each($otherMenus, function() {
+                    module.animate.hide(false, $(this));
+                  });
+                  module.animate.show(false, $subMenu);
+                }, settings.delay.show);
+                event.preventDefault();
+              }
+            },
+            mouseleave: function(event) {
+              var
+                $subMenu = $(this).children(selector.menu)
+              ;
+              if($subMenu.length > 0) {
+                clearTimeout(module.itemTimer);
+                module.itemTimer = setTimeout(function() {
+                  module.verbose('Hiding sub-menu', $subMenu);
+                  module.animate.hide(false, $subMenu);
+                }, settings.delay.hide);
+              }
+            },
+            click: function (event, skipRefocus) {
+              var
+                $choice        = $(this),
+                $target        = (event)
+                  ? $(event.target)
+                  : $(''),
+                $subMenu       = $choice.find(selector.menu),
+                text           = module.get.choiceText($choice),
+                value          = module.get.choiceValue($choice, text),
+                hasSubMenu     = ($subMenu.length > 0),
+                isBubbledEvent = ($subMenu.find($target).length > 0)
+              ;
+              // prevents IE11 bug where menu receives focus even though `tabindex=-1`
+              if (document.activeElement.tagName.toLowerCase() !== 'input') {
+                $(document.activeElement).blur();
+              }
+              if(!isBubbledEvent && (!hasSubMenu || settings.allowCategorySelection)) {
+                if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+                  if(settings.allowAdditions) {
+                    module.remove.userAddition();
+                  }
+                  module.remove.searchTerm();
+                  if(!module.is.focusedOnSearch() && !(skipRefocus == true)) {
+                    module.focusSearch(true);
+                  }
+                }
+                if(!settings.useLabels) {
+                  module.remove.filteredItem();
+                  module.set.scrollPosition($choice);
+                }
+                module.determine.selectAction.call(this, text, value);
+              }
+            }
+          },
+
+          document: {
+            // label selection should occur even when element has no focus
+            keydown: function(event) {
+              var
+                pressedKey    = event.which,
+                isShortcutKey = module.is.inObject(pressedKey, keys)
+              ;
+              if(isShortcutKey) {
+                var
+                  $label            = $module.find(selector.label),
+                  $activeLabel      = $label.filter('.' + className.active),
+                  activeValue       = $activeLabel.data(metadata.value),
+                  labelIndex        = $label.index($activeLabel),
+                  labelCount        = $label.length,
+                  hasActiveLabel    = ($activeLabel.length > 0),
+                  hasMultipleActive = ($activeLabel.length > 1),
+                  isFirstLabel      = (labelIndex === 0),
+                  isLastLabel       = (labelIndex + 1 == labelCount),
+                  isSearch          = module.is.searchSelection(),
+                  isFocusedOnSearch = module.is.focusedOnSearch(),
+                  isFocused         = module.is.focused(),
+                  caretAtStart      = (isFocusedOnSearch && module.get.caretPosition(false) === 0),
+                  isSelectedSearch  = (caretAtStart && module.get.caretPosition(true) !== 0),
+                  $nextLabel
+                ;
+                if(isSearch && !hasActiveLabel && !isFocusedOnSearch) {
+                  return;
+                }
+
+                if(pressedKey == keys.leftArrow) {
+                  // activate previous label
+                  if((isFocused || caretAtStart) && !hasActiveLabel) {
+                    module.verbose('Selecting previous label');
+                    $label.last().addClass(className.active);
+                  }
+                  else if(hasActiveLabel) {
+                    if(!event.shiftKey) {
+                      module.verbose('Selecting previous label');
+                      $label.removeClass(className.active);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      module.verbose('Adding previous label to selection');
+                    }
+                    if(isFirstLabel && !hasMultipleActive) {
+                      $activeLabel.addClass(className.active);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      $activeLabel.prev(selector.siblingLabel)
+                        .addClass(className.active)
+                        .end()
+                      ;
+                    }
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                  }
+                }
+                else if(pressedKey == keys.rightArrow) {
+                  // activate first label
+                  if(isFocused && !hasActiveLabel) {
+                    $label.first().addClass(className.active);
+                  }
+                  // activate next label
+                  if(hasActiveLabel) {
+                    if(!event.shiftKey) {
+                      module.verbose('Selecting next label');
+                      $label.removeClass(className.active);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      module.verbose('Adding next label to selection');
+                    }
+                    if(isLastLabel) {
+                      if(isSearch) {
+                        if(!isFocusedOnSearch) {
+                          module.focusSearch();
+                        }
+                        else {
+                          $label.removeClass(className.active);
+                        }
+                      }
+                      else if(hasMultipleActive) {
+                        $activeLabel.next(selector.siblingLabel).addClass(className.active);
+                      }
+                      else {
+                        $activeLabel.addClass(className.active);
+                      }
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      $activeLabel.next(selector.siblingLabel).addClass(className.active);
+                    }
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                  }
+                }
+                else if(pressedKey == keys.deleteKey || pressedKey == keys.backspace) {
+                  if(hasActiveLabel) {
+                    module.verbose('Removing active labels');
+                    if(isLastLabel) {
+                      if(isSearch && !isFocusedOnSearch) {
+                        module.focusSearch();
+                      }
+                    }
+                    $activeLabel.last().next(selector.siblingLabel).addClass(className.active);
+                    module.remove.activeLabels($activeLabel);
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                  }
+                  else if(caretAtStart && !isSelectedSearch && !hasActiveLabel && pressedKey == keys.backspace) {
+                    module.verbose('Removing last label on input backspace');
+                    $activeLabel = $label.last().addClass(className.active);
+                    module.remove.activeLabels($activeLabel);
+                  }
+                }
+                else {
+                  $activeLabel.removeClass(className.active);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+
+          keydown: function(event) {
+            var
+              pressedKey    = event.which,
+              isShortcutKey = module.is.inObject(pressedKey, keys)
+            ;
+            if(isShortcutKey) {
+              var
+                $currentlySelected = $item.not(selector.unselectable).filter('.' + className.selected).eq(0),
+                $activeItem        = $menu.children('.' + className.active).eq(0),
+                $selectedItem      = ($currentlySelected.length > 0)
+                  ? $currentlySelected
+                  : $activeItem,
+                $visibleItems = ($selectedItem.length > 0)
+                  ? $selectedItem.siblings(':not(.' + className.filtered +')').addBack()
+                  : $menu.children(':not(.' + className.filtered +')'),
+                $subMenu              = $selectedItem.children(selector.menu),
+                $parentMenu           = $selectedItem.closest(selector.menu),
+                inVisibleMenu         = ($parentMenu.hasClass(className.visible) || $parentMenu.hasClass(className.animating) || $parentMenu.parent(selector.menu).length > 0),
+                hasSubMenu            = ($subMenu.length> 0),
+                hasSelectedItem       = ($selectedItem.length > 0),
+                selectedIsSelectable  = ($selectedItem.not(selector.unselectable).length > 0),
+                delimiterPressed      = (pressedKey == keys.delimiter && settings.allowAdditions && module.is.multiple()),
+                isAdditionWithoutMenu = (settings.allowAdditions && settings.hideAdditions && (pressedKey == keys.enter || delimiterPressed) && selectedIsSelectable),
+                $nextItem,
+                isSubMenuItem,
+                newIndex
+              ;
+              // allow selection with menu closed
+              if(isAdditionWithoutMenu) {
+                module.verbose('Selecting item from keyboard shortcut', $selectedItem);
+                $selectedItem[0].click();
+                if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+                  module.remove.searchTerm();
+                }
+                if(module.is.multiple()){
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                }
+              }
+
+              // visible menu keyboard shortcuts
+              if( module.is.visible() ) {
+
+                // enter (select or open sub-menu)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.enter || delimiterPressed) {
+                  if(pressedKey == keys.enter && hasSelectedItem && hasSubMenu && !settings.allowCategorySelection) {
+                    module.verbose('Pressed enter on unselectable category, opening sub menu');
+                    pressedKey = keys.rightArrow;
+                  }
+                  else if(selectedIsSelectable) {
+                    module.verbose('Selecting item from keyboard shortcut', $selectedItem);
+                    $selectedItem[0].click();
+                    if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+                      module.remove.searchTerm();
+                      if(module.is.multiple()) {
+                          $search.focus();
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+
+                // sub-menu actions
+                if(hasSelectedItem) {
+
+                  if(pressedKey == keys.leftArrow) {
+
+                    isSubMenuItem = ($parentMenu[0] !== $menu[0]);
+
+                    if(isSubMenuItem) {
+                      module.verbose('Left key pressed, closing sub-menu');
+                      module.animate.hide(false, $parentMenu);
+                      $selectedItem
+                        .removeClass(className.selected)
+                      ;
+                      $parentMenu
+                        .closest(selector.item)
+                          .addClass(className.selected)
+                      ;
+                      module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+                      event.preventDefault();
+                    }
+                  }
+
+                  // right arrow (show sub-menu)
+                  if(pressedKey == keys.rightArrow) {
+                    if(hasSubMenu) {
+                      module.verbose('Right key pressed, opening sub-menu');
+                      module.animate.show(false, $subMenu);
+                      $selectedItem
+                        .removeClass(className.selected)
+                      ;
+                      $subMenu
+                        .find(selector.item).eq(0)
+                          .addClass(className.selected)
+                      ;
+                      module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+                      event.preventDefault();
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+
+                // up arrow (traverse menu up)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.upArrow) {
+                  $nextItem = (hasSelectedItem && inVisibleMenu)
+                    ? $selectedItem.prevAll(selector.item + ':not(' + selector.unselectable + ')').eq(0)
+                    : $item.eq(0)
+                  ;
+                  if($visibleItems.index( $nextItem ) < 0) {
+                    module.verbose('Up key pressed but reached top of current menu');
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                    return;
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    module.verbose('Up key pressed, changing active item');
+                    $selectedItem
+                      .removeClass(className.selected)
+                    ;
+                    $nextItem
+                      .addClass(className.selected)
+                    ;
+                    module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+                    module.set.scrollPosition($nextItem);
+                    if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
+                      module.set.selectedItem($nextItem);
+                    }
+                  }
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+
+                // down arrow (traverse menu down)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.downArrow) {
+                  $nextItem = (hasSelectedItem && inVisibleMenu)
+                    ? $nextItem = $selectedItem.nextAll(selector.item + ':not(' + selector.unselectable + ')').eq(0)
+                    : $item.eq(0)
+                  ;
+                  if($nextItem.length === 0) {
+                    module.verbose('Down key pressed but reached bottom of current menu');
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                    return;
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    module.verbose('Down key pressed, changing active item');
+                    $item
+                      .removeClass(className.selected)
+                    ;
+                    $nextItem
+                      .addClass(className.selected)
+                    ;
+                    module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+                    module.set.scrollPosition($nextItem);
+                    if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
+                      module.set.selectedItem($nextItem);
+                    }
+                  }
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+
+                // page down (show next page)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.pageUp) {
+                  module.scrollPage('up');
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+                if(pressedKey == keys.pageDown) {
+                  module.scrollPage('down');
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+
+                // escape (close menu)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.escape) {
+                  module.verbose('Escape key pressed, closing dropdown');
+                  module.hide();
+                }
+
+              }
+              else {
+                // delimiter key
+                if(delimiterPressed) {
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+                // down arrow (open menu)
+                if(pressedKey == keys.downArrow && !module.is.visible()) {
+                  module.verbose('Down key pressed, showing dropdown');
+                  module.show();
+                  event.preventDefault();
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            else {
+              if( !module.has.search() ) {
+                module.set.selectedLetter( String.fromCharCode(pressedKey) );
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        trigger: {
+          change: function() {
+            var
+              inputElement = $input[0]
+            ;
+            if(inputElement) {
+              var events = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
+              module.verbose('Triggering native change event');
+              events.initEvent('change', true, false);
+              inputElement.dispatchEvent(events);
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        determine: {
+          selectAction: function(text, value) {
+            selectActionActive = true;
+            module.verbose('Determining action', settings.action);
+            if( $.isFunction( module.action[settings.action] ) ) {
+              module.verbose('Triggering preset action', settings.action, text, value);
+              module.action[ settings.action ].call(element, text, value, this);
+            }
+            else if( $.isFunction(settings.action) ) {
+              module.verbose('Triggering user action', settings.action, text, value);
+              settings.action.call(element, text, value, this);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.error(error.action, settings.action);
+            }
+            selectActionActive = false;
+          },
+          eventInModule: function(event, callback) {
+            var
+              $target    = $(event.target),
+              inDocument = ($target.closest(document.documentElement).length > 0),
+              inModule   = ($target.closest($module).length > 0)
+            ;
+            callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+              ? callback
+              : function(){}
+            ;
+            if(inDocument && !inModule) {
+              module.verbose('Triggering event', callback);
+              callback();
+              return true;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Event occurred in dropdown, canceling callback');
+              return false;
+            }
+          },
+          eventOnElement: function(event, callback) {
+            var
+              $target      = $(event.target),
+              $label       = $target.closest(selector.siblingLabel),
+              inVisibleDOM = document.body.contains(event.target),
+              notOnLabel   = ($module.find($label).length === 0 || !(module.is.multiple() && settings.useLabels)),
+              notInMenu    = ($target.closest($menu).length === 0)
+            ;
+            callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+              ? callback
+              : function(){}
+            ;
+            if(inVisibleDOM && notOnLabel && notInMenu) {
+              module.verbose('Triggering event', callback);
+              callback();
+              return true;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Event occurred in dropdown menu, canceling callback');
+              return false;
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        action: {
+
+          nothing: function() {},
+
+          activate: function(text, value, element) {
+            value = (value !== undefined)
+              ? value
+              : text
+            ;
+            if( module.can.activate( $(element) ) ) {
+              module.set.selected(value, $(element));
+              if(!module.is.multiple()) {
+                module.hideAndClear();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+
+          select: function(text, value, element) {
+            value = (value !== undefined)
+              ? value
+              : text
+            ;
+            if( module.can.activate( $(element) ) ) {
+              module.set.value(value, text, $(element));
+              if(!module.is.multiple()) {
+                module.hideAndClear();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+
+          combo: function(text, value, element) {
+            value = (value !== undefined)
+              ? value
+              : text
+            ;
+            module.set.selected(value, $(element));
+            module.hideAndClear();
+          },
+
+          hide: function(text, value, element) {
+            module.set.value(value, text, $(element));
+            module.hideAndClear();
+          }
+
+        },
+
+        get: {
+          id: function() {
+            return id;
+          },
+          defaultText: function() {
+            return $module.data(metadata.defaultText);
+          },
+          defaultValue: function() {
+            return $module.data(metadata.defaultValue);
+          },
+          placeholderText: function() {
+            if(settings.placeholder != 'auto' && typeof settings.placeholder == 'string') {
+              return settings.placeholder;
+            }
+            return $module.data(metadata.placeholderText) || '';
+          },
+          text: function() {
+            return settings.preserveHTML ? $text.html() : $text.text();
+          },
+          query: function() {
+            return String($search.val()).trim();
+          },
+          searchWidth: function(value) {
+            value = (value !== undefined)
+              ? value
+              : $search.val()
+            ;
+            $sizer.text(value);
+            // prevent rounding issues
+            return Math.ceil( $sizer.width() + 1);
+          },
+          selectionCount: function() {
+            var
+              values = module.get.values(),
+              count
+            ;
+            count = ( module.is.multiple() )
+              ? Array.isArray(values)
+                ? values.length
+                : 0
+              : (module.get.value() !== '')
+                ? 1
+                : 0
+            ;
+            return count;
+          },
+          transition: function($subMenu) {
+            return (settings.transition == 'auto')
+              ? module.is.upward($subMenu)
+                ? 'slide up'
+                : 'slide down'
+              : settings.transition
+            ;
+          },
+          userValues: function() {
+            var
+              values = module.get.values()
+            ;
+            if(!values) {
+              return false;
+            }
+            values = Array.isArray(values)
+              ? values
+              : [values]
+            ;
+            return $.grep(values, function(value) {
+              return (module.get.item(value) === false);
+            });
+          },
+          uniqueArray: function(array) {
+            return $.grep(array, function (value, index) {
+                return $.inArray(value, array) === index;
+            });
+          },
+          caretPosition: function(returnEndPos) {
+            var
+              input = $search.get(0),
+              range,
+              rangeLength
+            ;
+            if(returnEndPos && 'selectionEnd' in input){
+              return input.selectionEnd;
+            }
+            else if(!returnEndPos && 'selectionStart' in input) {
+              return input.selectionStart;
+            }
+            if (document.selection) {
+              input.focus();
+              range       = document.selection.createRange();
+              rangeLength = range.text.length;
+              if(returnEndPos) {
+                return rangeLength;
+              }
+              range.moveStart('character', -input.value.length);
+              return range.text.length - rangeLength;
+            }
+          },
+          value: function() {
+            var
+              value = ($input.length > 0)
+                ? $input.val()
+                : $module.data(metadata.value),
+              isEmptyMultiselect = (Array.isArray(value) && value.length === 1 && value[0] === '')
+            ;
+            // prevents placeholder element from being selected when multiple
+            return (value === undefined || isEmptyMultiselect)
+              ? ''
+              : value
+            ;
+          },
+          values: function() {
+            var
+              value = module.get.value()
+            ;
+            if(value === '') {
+              return '';
+            }
+            return ( !module.has.selectInput() && module.is.multiple() )
+              ? (typeof value == 'string') // delimited string
+                ? module.escape.htmlEntities(value).split(settings.delimiter)
+                : ''
+              : value
+            ;
+          },
+          remoteValues: function() {
+            var
+              values = module.get.values(),
+              remoteValues = false
+            ;
+            if(values) {
+              if(typeof values == 'string') {
+                values = [values];
+              }
+              $.each(values, function(index, value) {
+                var
+                  name = module.read.remoteData(value)
+                ;
+                module.verbose('Restoring value from session data', name, value);
+                if(name) {
+                  if(!remoteValues) {
+                    remoteValues = {};
+                  }
+                  remoteValues[value] = name;
+                }
+              });
+            }
+            return remoteValues;
+          },
+          choiceText: function($choice, preserveHTML) {
+            preserveHTML = (preserveHTML !== undefined)
+              ? preserveHTML
+              : settings.preserveHTML
+            ;
+            if($choice) {
+              if($choice.find(selector.menu).length > 0) {
+                module.verbose('Retrieving text of element with sub-menu');
+                $choice = $choice.clone();
+                $choice.find(selector.menu).remove();
+                $choice.find(selector.menuIcon).remove();
+              }
+              return ($choice.data(metadata.text) !== undefined)
+                ? $choice.data(metadata.text)
+                : (preserveHTML)
+                  ? $choice.html().trim()
+                  : $choice.text().trim()
+              ;
+            }
+          },
+          choiceValue: function($choice, choiceText) {
+            choiceText = choiceText || module.get.choiceText($choice);
+            if(!$choice) {
+              return false;
+            }
+            return ($choice.data(metadata.value) !== undefined)
+              ? String( $choice.data(metadata.value) )
+              : (typeof choiceText === 'string')
+                ? String(
+                  settings.ignoreSearchCase
+                  ? choiceText.toLowerCase()
+                  : choiceText
+                ).trim()
+                : String(choiceText)
+            ;
+          },
+          inputEvent: function() {
+            var
+              input = $search[0]
+            ;
+            if(input) {
+              return (input.oninput !== undefined)
+                ? 'input'
+                : (input.onpropertychange !== undefined)
+                  ? 'propertychange'
+                  : 'keyup'
+              ;
+            }
+            return false;
+          },
+          selectValues: function() {
+            var
+              select = {},
+              oldGroup = [],
+              values = []
+            ;
+            $module
+              .find('option')
+                .each(function() {
+                  var
+                    $option  = $(this),
+                    name     = $option.html(),
+                    disabled = $option.attr('disabled'),
+                    value    = ( $option.attr('value') !== undefined )
+                      ? $option.attr('value')
+                      : name,
+                    text     = ( $option.data(metadata.text) !== undefined )
+                      ? $option.data(metadata.text)
+                      : name,
+                    group = $option.parent('optgroup')
+                  ;
+                  if(settings.placeholder === 'auto' && value === '') {
+                    select.placeholder = name;
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    if(group.length !== oldGroup.length || group[0] !== oldGroup[0]) {
+                      values.push({
+                        type: 'header',
+                        divider: settings.headerDivider,
+                        name: group.attr('label') || ''
+                      });
+                      oldGroup = group;
+                    }
+                    values.push({
+                      name     : name,
+                      value    : value,
+                      text     : text,
+                      disabled : disabled
+                    });
+                  }
+                })
+            ;
+            if(settings.placeholder && settings.placeholder !== 'auto') {
+              module.debug('Setting placeholder value to', settings.placeholder);
+              select.placeholder = settings.placeholder;
+            }
+            if(settings.sortSelect) {
+              if(settings.sortSelect === true) {
+                values.sort(function(a, b) {
+                  return a.name.localeCompare(b.name);
+                });
+              } else if(settings.sortSelect === 'natural') {
+                values.sort(function(a, b) {
+                  return (a.name.toLowerCase().localeCompare(b.name.toLowerCase()));
+                });
+              } else if($.isFunction(settings.sortSelect)) {
+                values.sort(settings.sortSelect);
+              }
+              select[fields.values] = values;
+              module.debug('Retrieved and sorted values from select', select);
+            }
+            else {
+              select[fields.values] = values;
+              module.debug('Retrieved values from select', select);
+            }
+            return select;
+          },
+          activeItem: function() {
+            return $item.filter('.'  + className.active);
+          },
+          selectedItem: function() {
+            var
+              $selectedItem = $item.not(selector.unselectable).filter('.'  + className.selected)
+            ;
+            return ($selectedItem.length > 0)
+              ? $selectedItem
+              : $item.eq(0)
+            ;
+          },
+          itemWithAdditions: function(value) {
+            var
+              $items       = module.get.item(value),
+              $userItems   = module.create.userChoice(value),
+              hasUserItems = ($userItems && $userItems.length > 0)
+            ;
+            if(hasUserItems) {
+              $items = ($items.length > 0)
+                ? $items.add($userItems)
+                : $userItems
+              ;
+            }
+            return $items;
+          },
+          item: function(value, strict) {
+            var
+              $selectedItem = false,
+              shouldSearch,
+              isMultiple
+            ;
+            value = (value !== undefined)
+              ? value
+              : ( module.get.values() !== undefined)
+                ? module.get.values()
+                : module.get.text()
+            ;
+            isMultiple = (module.is.multiple() && Array.isArray(value));
+            shouldSearch = (isMultiple)
+              ? (value.length > 0)
+              : (value !== undefined && value !== null)
+            ;
+            strict     = (value === '' || value === false  || value === true)
+              ? true
+              : strict || false
+            ;
+            if(shouldSearch) {
+              $item
+                .each(function() {
+                  var
+                    $choice       = $(this),
+                    optionText    = module.get.choiceText($choice),
+                    optionValue   = module.get.choiceValue($choice, optionText)
+                  ;
+                  // safe early exit
+                  if(optionValue === null || optionValue === undefined) {
+                    return;
+                  }
+                  if(isMultiple) {
+                    if($.inArray(module.escape.htmlEntities(String(optionValue)), value.map(function(v){return String(v);})) !== -1) {
+                      $selectedItem = ($selectedItem)
+                        ? $selectedItem.add($choice)
+                        : $choice
+                      ;
+                    }
+                  }
+                  else if(strict) {
+                    module.verbose('Ambiguous dropdown value using strict type check', $choice, value);
+                    if( optionValue === value) {
+                      $selectedItem = $choice;
+                      return true;
+                    }
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    if(settings.ignoreCase) {
+                      optionValue = optionValue.toLowerCase();
+                      value = value.toLowerCase();
+                    }
+                    if(module.escape.htmlEntities(String(optionValue)) === module.escape.htmlEntities(String(value))) {
+                      module.verbose('Found select item by value', optionValue, value);
+                      $selectedItem = $choice;
+                      return true;
+                    }
+                  }
+                })
+              ;
+            }
+            return $selectedItem;
+          }
+        },
+
+        check: {
+          maxSelections: function(selectionCount) {
+            if(settings.maxSelections) {
+              selectionCount = (selectionCount !== undefined)
+                ? selectionCount
+                : module.get.selectionCount()
+              ;
+              if(selectionCount >= settings.maxSelections) {
+                module.debug('Maximum selection count reached');
+                if(settings.useLabels) {
+                  $item.addClass(className.filtered);
+                  module.add.message(message.maxSelections);
+                }
+                return true;
+              }
+              else {
+                module.verbose('No longer at maximum selection count');
+                module.remove.message();
+                module.remove.filteredItem();
+                if(module.is.searchSelection()) {
+                  module.filterItems();
+                }
+                return false;
+              }
+            }
+            return true;
+          },
+          disabled: function(){
+            $search.attr('tabindex',module.is.disabled() ? -1 : 0);
+          }
+        },
+
+        restore: {
+          defaults: function(preventChangeTrigger) {
+            module.clear(preventChangeTrigger);
+            module.restore.defaultText();
+            module.restore.defaultValue();
+          },
+          defaultText: function() {
+            var
+              defaultText     = module.get.defaultText(),
+              placeholderText = module.get.placeholderText
+            ;
+            if(defaultText === placeholderText) {
+              module.debug('Restoring default placeholder text', defaultText);
+              module.set.placeholderText(defaultText);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Restoring default text', defaultText);
+              module.set.text(defaultText);
+            }
+          },
+          placeholderText: function() {
+            module.set.placeholderText();
+          },
+          defaultValue: function() {
+            var
+              defaultValue = module.get.defaultValue()
+            ;
+            if(defaultValue !== undefined) {
+              module.debug('Restoring default value', defaultValue);
+              if(defaultValue !== '') {
+                module.set.value(defaultValue);
+                module.set.selected();
+              }
+              else {
+                module.remove.activeItem();
+                module.remove.selectedItem();
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          labels: function() {
+            if(settings.allowAdditions) {
+              if(!settings.useLabels) {
+                module.error(error.labels);
+                settings.useLabels = true;
+              }
+              module.debug('Restoring selected values');
+              module.create.userLabels();
+            }
+            module.check.maxSelections();
+          },
+          selected: function() {
+            module.restore.values();
+            if(module.is.multiple()) {
+              module.debug('Restoring previously selected values and labels');
+              module.restore.labels();
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Restoring previously selected values');
+            }
+          },
+          values: function() {
+            // prevents callbacks from occurring on initial load
+            module.set.initialLoad();
+            if(settings.apiSettings && settings.saveRemoteData && module.get.remoteValues()) {
+              module.restore.remoteValues();
+            }
+            else {
+              module.set.selected();
+            }
+            var value = module.get.value();
+            if(value && value !== '' && !(Array.isArray(value) && value.length === 0)) {
+              $input.removeClass(className.noselection);
+            } else {
+              $input.addClass(className.noselection);
+            }
+            module.remove.initialLoad();
+          },
+          remoteValues: function() {
+            var
+              values = module.get.remoteValues()
+            ;
+            module.debug('Recreating selected from session data', values);
+            if(values) {
+              if( module.is.single() ) {
+                $.each(values, function(value, name) {
+                  module.set.text(name);
+                });
+              }
+              else {
+                $.each(values, function(value, name) {
+                  module.add.label(value, name);
+                });
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        read: {
+          remoteData: function(value) {
+            var
+              name
+            ;
+            if(window.Storage === undefined) {
+              module.error(error.noStorage);
+              return;
+            }
+            name = sessionStorage.getItem(value);
+            return (name !== undefined)
+              ? name
+              : false
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        save: {
+          defaults: function() {
+            module.save.defaultText();
+            module.save.placeholderText();
+            module.save.defaultValue();
+          },
+          defaultValue: function() {
+            var
+              value = module.get.value()
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Saving default value as', value);
+            $module.data(metadata.defaultValue, value);
+          },
+          defaultText: function() {
+            var
+              text = module.get.text()
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Saving default text as', text);
+            $module.data(metadata.defaultText, text);
+          },
+          placeholderText: function() {
+            var
+              text
+            ;
+            if(settings.placeholder !== false && $text.hasClass(className.placeholder)) {
+              text = module.get.text();
+              module.verbose('Saving placeholder text as', text);
+              $module.data(metadata.placeholderText, text);
+            }
+          },
+          remoteData: function(name, value) {
+            if(window.Storage === undefined) {
+              module.error(error.noStorage);
+              return;
+            }
+            module.verbose('Saving remote data to session storage', value, name);
+            sessionStorage.setItem(value, name);
+          }
+        },
+
+        clear: function(preventChangeTrigger) {
+          if(module.is.multiple() && settings.useLabels) {
+            module.remove.labels();
+          }
+          else {
+            module.remove.activeItem();
+            module.remove.selectedItem();
+            module.remove.filteredItem();
+          }
+          module.set.placeholderText();
+          module.clearValue(preventChangeTrigger);
+        },
+
+        clearValue: function(preventChangeTrigger) {
+          module.set.value('', null, null, preventChangeTrigger);
+        },
+
+        scrollPage: function(direction, $selectedItem) {
+          var
+            $currentItem  = $selectedItem || module.get.selectedItem(),
+            $menu         = $currentItem.closest(selector.menu),
+            menuHeight    = $menu.outerHeight(),
+            currentScroll = $menu.scrollTop(),
+            itemHeight    = $item.eq(0).outerHeight(),
+            itemsPerPage  = Math.floor(menuHeight / itemHeight),
+            maxScroll     = $menu.prop('scrollHeight'),
+            newScroll     = (direction == 'up')
+              ? currentScroll - (itemHeight * itemsPerPage)
+              : currentScroll + (itemHeight * itemsPerPage),
+            $selectableItem = $item.not(selector.unselectable),
+            isWithinRange,
+            $nextSelectedItem,
+            elementIndex
+          ;
+          elementIndex      = (direction == 'up')
+            ? $selectableItem.index($currentItem) - itemsPerPage
+            : $selectableItem.index($currentItem) + itemsPerPage
+          ;
+          isWithinRange = (direction == 'up')
+            ? (elementIndex >= 0)
+            : (elementIndex < $selectableItem.length)
+          ;
+          $nextSelectedItem = (isWithinRange)
+            ? $selectableItem.eq(elementIndex)
+            : (direction == 'up')
+              ? $selectableItem.first()
+              : $selectableItem.last()
+          ;
+          if($nextSelectedItem.length > 0) {
+            module.debug('Scrolling page', direction, $nextSelectedItem);
+            $currentItem
+              .removeClass(className.selected)
+            ;
+            $nextSelectedItem
+              .addClass(className.selected)
+            ;
+            if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
+              module.set.selectedItem($nextSelectedItem);
+            }
+            $menu
+              .scrollTop(newScroll)
+            ;
+          }
+        },
+
+        set: {
+          filtered: function() {
+            var
+              isMultiple       = module.is.multiple(),
+              isSearch         = module.is.searchSelection(),
+              isSearchMultiple = (isMultiple && isSearch),
+              searchValue      = (isSearch)
+                ? module.get.query()
+                : '',
+              hasSearchValue   = (typeof searchValue === 'string' && searchValue.length > 0),
+              searchWidth      = module.get.searchWidth(),
+              valueIsSet       = searchValue !== ''
+            ;
+            if(isMultiple && hasSearchValue) {
+              module.verbose('Adjusting input width', searchWidth, settings.glyphWidth);
+              $search.css('width', searchWidth);
+            }
+            if(hasSearchValue || (isSearchMultiple && valueIsSet)) {
+              module.verbose('Hiding placeholder text');
+              $text.addClass(className.filtered);
+            }
+            else if(!isMultiple || (isSearchMultiple && !valueIsSet)) {
+              module.verbose('Showing placeholder text');
+              $text.removeClass(className.filtered);
+            }
+          },
+          empty: function() {
+            $module.addClass(className.empty);
+          },
+          loading: function() {
+            $module.addClass(className.loading);
+          },
+          placeholderText: function(text) {
+            text = text || module.get.placeholderText();
+            module.debug('Setting placeholder text', text);
+            module.set.text(text);
+            $text.addClass(className.placeholder);
+          },
+          tabbable: function() {
+            if( module.is.searchSelection() ) {
+              module.debug('Added tabindex to searchable dropdown');
+              $search
+                .val('')
+              ;
+              module.check.disabled();
+              $menu
+                .attr('tabindex', -1)
+              ;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Added tabindex to dropdown');
+              if( $module.attr('tabindex') === undefined) {
+                $module
+                  .attr('tabindex', 0)
+                ;
+                $menu
+                  .attr('tabindex', -1)
+                ;
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          initialLoad: function() {
+            module.verbose('Setting initial load');
+            initialLoad = true;
+          },
+          activeItem: function($item) {
+            if( settings.allowAdditions && $item.filter(selector.addition).length > 0 ) {
+              $item.addClass(className.filtered);
+            }
+            else {
+              $item.addClass(className.active);
+            }
+          },
+          partialSearch: function(text) {
+            var
+              length = module.get.query().length
+            ;
+            $search.val( text.substr(0, length));
+          },
+          scrollPosition: function($item, forceScroll) {
+            var
+              edgeTolerance = 5,
+              $menu,
+              hasActive,
+              offset,
+              itemHeight,
+              itemOffset,
+              menuOffset,
+              menuScroll,
+              menuHeight,
+              abovePage,
+              belowPage
+            ;
+
+            $item       = $item || module.get.selectedItem();
+            $menu       = $item.closest(selector.menu);
+            hasActive   = ($item && $item.length > 0);
+            forceScroll = (forceScroll !== undefined)
+              ? forceScroll
+              : false
+            ;
+            if(module.get.activeItem().length === 0){
+              forceScroll = false;
+            }
+            if($item && $menu.length > 0 && hasActive) {
+              itemOffset = $item.position().top;
+
+              $menu.addClass(className.loading);
+              menuScroll = $menu.scrollTop();
+              menuOffset = $menu.offset().top;
+              itemOffset = $item.offset().top;
+              offset     = menuScroll - menuOffset + itemOffset;
+              if(!forceScroll) {
+                menuHeight = $menu.height();
+                belowPage  = menuScroll + menuHeight < (offset + edgeTolerance);
+                abovePage  = ((offset - edgeTolerance) < menuScroll);
+              }
+              module.debug('Scrolling to active item', offset);
+              if(forceScroll || abovePage || belowPage) {
+                $menu.scrollTop(offset);
+              }
+              $menu.removeClass(className.loading);
+            }
+          },
+          text: function(text) {
+            if(settings.action === 'combo') {
+              module.debug('Changing combo button text', text, $combo);
+              if(settings.preserveHTML) {
+                $combo.html(text);
+              }
+              else {
+                $combo.text(text);
+              }
+            }
+            else if(settings.action === 'activate') {
+              if(text !== module.get.placeholderText()) {
+                $text.removeClass(className.placeholder);
+              }
+              module.debug('Changing text', text, $text);
+              $text
+                .removeClass(className.filtered)
+              ;
+              if(settings.preserveHTML) {
+                $text.html(text);
+              }
+              else {
+                $text.text(text);
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          selectedItem: function($item) {
+            var
+              value      = module.get.choiceValue($item),
+              searchText = module.get.choiceText($item, false),
+              text       = module.get.choiceText($item, true)
+            ;
+            module.debug('Setting user selection to item', $item);
+            module.remove.activeItem();
+            module.set.partialSearch(searchText);
+            module.set.activeItem($item);
+            module.set.selected(value, $item);
+            module.set.text(text);
+          },
+          selectedLetter: function(letter) {
+            var
+              $selectedItem         = $item.filter('.' + className.selected),
+              alreadySelectedLetter = $selectedItem.length > 0 && module.has.firstLetter($selectedItem, letter),
+              $nextValue            = false,
+              $nextItem
+            ;
+            // check next of same letter
+            if(alreadySelectedLetter) {
+              $nextItem = $selectedItem.nextAll($item).eq(0);
+              if( module.has.firstLetter($nextItem, letter) ) {
+                $nextValue  = $nextItem;
+              }
+            }
+            // check all values
+            if(!$nextValue) {
+              $item
+                .each(function(){
+                  if(module.has.firstLetter($(this), letter)) {
+                    $nextValue = $(this);
+                    return false;
+                  }
+                })
+              ;
+            }
+            // set next value
+            if($nextValue) {
+              module.verbose('Scrolling to next value with letter', letter);
+              module.set.scrollPosition($nextValue);
+              $selectedItem.removeClass(className.selected);
+              $nextValue.addClass(className.selected);
+              module.aria.refreshDescendant();
+              if(settings.selectOnKeydown && module.is.single()) {
+                module.set.selectedItem($nextValue);
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          direction: function($menu) {
+            if(settings.direction == 'auto') {
+              // reset position, remove upward if it's base menu
+              if (!$menu) {
+                module.remove.upward();
+              } else if (module.is.upward($menu)) {
+                //we need make sure when make assertion openDownward for $menu, $menu does not have upward class
+                module.remove.upward($menu);
+              }
+
+              if(module.can.openDownward($menu)) {
+                module.remove.upward($menu);
+              }
+              else {
+                module.set.upward($menu);
+              }
+              if(!module.is.leftward($menu) && !module.can.openRightward($menu)) {
+                module.set.leftward($menu);
+              }
+            }
+            else if(settings.direction == 'upward') {
+              module.set.upward($menu);
+            }
+          },
+          upward: function($currentMenu) {
+            var $element = $currentMenu || $module;
+            $element.addClass(className.upward);
+          },
+          leftward: function($currentMenu) {
+            var $element = $currentMenu || $menu;
+            $element.addClass(className.leftward);
+          },
+          value: function(value, text, $selected, preventChangeTrigger) {
+            if(value !== undefined && value !== '' && !(Array.isArray(value) && value.length === 0)) {
+              $input.removeClass(className.noselection);
+            } else {
+              $input.addClass(className.noselection);
+            }
+            var
+              escapedValue = module.escape.value(value),
+              hasInput     = ($input.length > 0),
+              currentValue = module.get.values(),
+              stringValue  = (value !== undefined)
+                ? String(value)
+                : value,
+              newValue
+            ;
+            if(hasInput) {
+              if(!settings.allowReselection && stringValue == currentValue) {
+                module.verbose('Skipping value update already same value', value, currentValue);
+                if(!module.is.initialLoad()) {
+                  return;
+                }
+              }
+
+              if( module.is.single() && module.has.selectInput() && module.can.extendSelect() ) {
+                module.debug('Adding user option', value);
+                module.add.optionValue(value);
+              }
+              module.debug('Updating input value', escapedValue, currentValue);
+              internalChange = true;
+              $input
+                .val(escapedValue)
+              ;
+              if(settings.fireOnInit === false && module.is.initialLoad()) {
+                module.debug('Input native change event ignored on initial load');
+              }
+              else if(preventChangeTrigger !== true) {
+                module.trigger.change();
+              }
+              internalChange = false;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Storing value in metadata', escapedValue, $input);
+              if(escapedValue !== currentValue) {
+                $module.data(metadata.value, stringValue);
+              }
+            }
+            if(settings.fireOnInit === false && module.is.initialLoad()) {
+              module.verbose('No callback on initial load', settings.onChange);
+            }
+            else if(preventChangeTrigger !== true) {
+              settings.onChange.call(element, value, text, $selected);
+            }
+          },
+          active: function() {
+            $module
+              .addClass(className.active)
+            ;
+          },
+          multiple: function() {
+            $module.addClass(className.multiple);
+          },
+          visible: function() {
+            $module.addClass(className.visible);
+          },
+          exactly: function(value, $selectedItem) {
+            module.debug('Setting selected to exact values');
+            module.clear();
+            module.set.selected(value, $selectedItem);
+          },
+          selected: function(value, $selectedItem) {
+            var
+              isMultiple = module.is.multiple()
+            ;
+            $selectedItem = (settings.allowAdditions)
+              ? $selectedItem || module.get.itemWithAdditions(value)
+              : $selectedItem || module.get.item(value)
+            ;
+            if(!$selectedItem) {
+              return;
+            }
+            module.debug('Setting selected menu item to', $selectedItem);
+            if(module.is.multiple()) {
+              module.remove.searchWidth();
+            }
+            if(module.is.single()) {
+              module.remove.activeItem();
+              module.remove.selectedItem();
+            }
+            else if(settings.useLabels) {
+              module.remove.selectedItem();
+            }
+            // select each item
+            $selectedItem
+              .each(function() {
+                var
+                  $selected      = $(this),
+                  selectedText   = module.get.choiceText($selected),
+                  selectedValue  = module.get.choiceValue($selected, selectedText),
+
+                  isFiltered     = $selected.hasClass(className.filtered),
+                  isActive       = $selected.hasClass(className.active),
+                  isUserValue    = $selected.hasClass(className.addition),
+                  shouldAnimate  = (isMultiple && $selectedItem.length == 1)
+                ;
+                if(isMultiple) {
+                  if(!isActive || isUserValue) {
+                    if(settings.apiSettings && settings.saveRemoteData) {
+                      module.save.remoteData(selectedText, selectedValue);
+                    }
+                    if(settings.useLabels) {
+                      module.add.label(selectedValue, selectedText, shouldAnimate);
+                      module.add.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                      module.set.activeItem($selected);
+                      module.filterActive();
+                      module.select.nextAvailable($selectedItem);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      module.add.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                      module.set.text(module.add.variables(message.count));
+                      module.set.activeItem($selected);
+                    }
+                  }
+                  else if(!isFiltered && (settings.useLabels || selectActionActive)) {
+                    module.debug('Selected active value, removing label');
+                    module.remove.selected(selectedValue);
+                  }
+                }
+                else {
+                  if(settings.apiSettings && settings.saveRemoteData) {
+                    module.save.remoteData(selectedText, selectedValue);
+                  }
+                  module.set.text(selectedText);
+                  module.set.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                  $selected
+                    .addClass(className.active)
+                    .addClass(className.selected)
+                  ;
+                }
+              })
+            ;
+            module.remove.searchTerm();
+          }
+        },
+
+        add: {
+          label: function(value, text, shouldAnimate) {
+            var
+              $next  = module.is.searchSelection()
+                ? $search
+                : $text,
+              escapedValue = module.escape.value(value),
+              $label
+            ;
+            if(settings.ignoreCase) {
+              escapedValue = escapedValue.toLowerCase();
+            }
+            $label =  $('<a />')
+              .addClass(className.label)
+              .attr('data-' + metadata.value, escapedValue)
+              .html(templates.label(escapedValue, text, settings.preserveHTML, settings.className))
+            ;
+            $label = settings.onLabelCreate.call($label, escapedValue, text);
+
+            if(module.has.label(value)) {
+              module.debug('User selection already exists, skipping', escapedValue);
+              return;
+            }
+            if(settings.label.variation) {
+              $label.addClass(settings.label.variation);
+            }
+            if(shouldAnimate === true) {
+              module.debug('Animating in label', $label);
+              $label
+                .addClass(className.hidden)
+                .insertBefore($next)
+                .transition({
+                    animation  : settings.label.transition,
+                    debug      : settings.debug,
+                    verbose    : settings.verbose,
+                    duration   : settings.label.duration
+                })
+              ;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Adding selection label', $label);
+              $label
+                .insertBefore($next)
+              ;
+            }
+          },
+          message: function(message) {
+            var
+              $message = $menu.children(selector.message),
+              html     = settings.templates.message(module.add.variables(message))
+            ;
+            if($message.length > 0) {
+              $message
+                .html(html)
+              ;
+            }
+            else {
+              $message = $('<div/>')
+                .html(html)
+                .addClass(className.message)
+                .appendTo($menu)
+              ;
+            }
+          },
+          optionValue: function(value) {
+            var
+              escapedValue = module.escape.value(value),
+              $option      = $input.find('option[value="' + module.escape.string(escapedValue) + '"]'),
+              hasOption    = ($option.length > 0)
+            ;
+            if(hasOption) {
+              return;
+            }
+            // temporarily disconnect observer
+            module.disconnect.selectObserver();
+            if( module.is.single() ) {
+              module.verbose('Removing previous user addition');
+              $input.find('option.' + className.addition).remove();
+            }
+            $('<option/>')
+              .prop('value', escapedValue)
+              .addClass(className.addition)
+              .html(value)
+              .appendTo($input)
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Adding user addition as an <option>', value);
+            module.observe.select();
+          },
+          userSuggestion: function(value) {
+            var
+              $addition         = $menu.children(selector.addition),
+              $existingItem     = module.get.item(value),
+              alreadyHasValue   = $existingItem && $existingItem.not(selector.addition).length,
+              hasUserSuggestion = $addition.length > 0,
+              html
+            ;
+            if(settings.useLabels && module.has.maxSelections()) {
+              return;
+            }
+            if(value === '' || alreadyHasValue) {
+              $addition.remove();
+              return;
+            }
+            if(hasUserSuggestion) {
+              $addition
+                .data(metadata.value, value)
+                .data(metadata.text, value)
+                .attr('data-' + metadata.value, value)
+                .attr('data-' + metadata.text, value)
+                .removeClass(className.filtered)
+              ;
+              if(!settings.hideAdditions) {
+                html = settings.templates.addition( module.add.variables(message.addResult, value) );
+                $addition
+                  .html(html)
+                ;
+              }
+              module.verbose('Replacing user suggestion with new value', $addition);
+            }
+            else {
+              $addition = module.create.userChoice(value);
+              $addition
+                .prependTo($menu)
+              ;
+              module.verbose('Adding item choice to menu corresponding with user choice addition', $addition);
+            }
+            if(!settings.hideAdditions || module.is.allFiltered()) {
+              $addition
+                .addClass(className.selected)
+                .siblings()
+                .removeClass(className.selected)
+              ;
+            }
+            module.refreshItems();
+          },
+          variables: function(message, term) {
+            var
+              hasCount    = (message.search('{count}') !== -1),
+              hasMaxCount = (message.search('{maxCount}') !== -1),
+              hasTerm     = (message.search('{term}') !== -1),
+              count,
+              query
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Adding templated variables to message', message);
+            if(hasCount) {
+              count  = module.get.selectionCount();
+              message = message.replace('{count}', count);
+            }
+            if(hasMaxCount) {
+              count  = module.get.selectionCount();
+              message = message.replace('{maxCount}', settings.maxSelections);
+            }
+            if(hasTerm) {
+              query   = term || module.get.query();
+              message = message.replace('{term}', query);
+            }
+            return message;
+          },
+          value: function(addedValue, addedText, $selectedItem) {
+            var
+              currentValue = module.get.values(),
+              newValue
+            ;
+            if(module.has.value(addedValue)) {
+              module.debug('Value already selected');
+              return;
+            }
+            if(addedValue === '') {
+              module.debug('Cannot select blank values from multiselect');
+              return;
+            }
+            // extend current array
+            if(Array.isArray(currentValue)) {
+              newValue = currentValue.concat([addedValue]);
+              newValue = module.get.uniqueArray(newValue);
+            }
+            else {
+              newValue = [addedValue];
+            }
+            // add values
+            if( module.has.selectInput() ) {
+              if(module.can.extendSelect()) {
+                module.debug('Adding value to select', addedValue, newValue, $input);
+                module.add.optionValue(addedValue);
+              }
+            }
+            else {
+              newValue = newValue.join(settings.delimiter);
+              module.debug('Setting hidden input to delimited value', newValue, $input);
+            }
+
+            if(settings.fireOnInit === false && module.is.initialLoad()) {
+              module.verbose('Skipping onadd callback on initial load', settings.onAdd);
+            }
+            else {
+              settings.onAdd.call(element, addedValue, addedText, $selectedItem);
+            }
+            module.set.value(newValue, addedText, $selectedItem);
+            module.check.maxSelections();
+          },
+        },
+
+        remove: {
+          active: function() {
+            $module.removeClass(className.active);
+          },
+          activeLabel: function() {
+            $module.find(selector.label).removeClass(className.active);
+          },
+          empty: function() {
+            $module.removeClass(className.empty);
+          },
+          loading: function() {
+            $module.removeClass(className.loading);
+          },
+          initialLoad: function() {
+            initialLoad = false;
+          },
+          upward: function($currentMenu) {
+            var $element = $currentMenu || $module;
+            $element.removeClass(className.upward);
+          },
+          leftward: function($currentMenu) {
+            var $element = $currentMenu || $menu;
+            $element.removeClass(className.leftward);
+          },
+          visible: function() {
+            $module.removeClass(className.visible);
+          },
+          activeItem: function() {
+            $item.removeClass(className.active);
+          },
+          filteredItem: function() {
+            if(settings.useLabels && module.has.maxSelections() ) {
+              return;
+            }
+            if(settings.useLabels && module.is.multiple()) {
+              $item.not('.' + className.active).removeClass(className.filtered);
+            }
+            else {
+              $item.removeClass(className.filtered);
+            }
+            if(settings.hideDividers) {
+              $divider.removeClass(className.hidden);
+            }
+            module.remove.empty();
+          },
+          optionValue: function(value) {
+            var
+              escapedValue = module.escape.value(value),
+              $option      = $input.find('option[value="' + module.escape.string(escapedValue) + '"]'),
+              hasOption    = ($option.length > 0)
+            ;
+            if(!hasOption || !$option.hasClass(className.addition)) {
+              return;
+            }
+            // temporarily disconnect observer
+            if(selectObserver) {
+              selectObserver.disconnect();
+              module.verbose('Temporarily disconnecting mutation observer');
+            }
+            $option.remove();
+            module.verbose('Removing user addition as an <option>', escapedValue);
+            if(selectObserver) {
+              selectObserver.observe($input[0], {
+                childList : true,
+                subtree   : true
+              });
+            }
+          },
+          message: function() {
+            $menu.children(selector.message).remove();
+          },
+          searchWidth: function() {
+            $search.css('width', '');
+          },
+          searchTerm: function() {
+            module.verbose('Cleared search term');
+            $search.val('');
+            module.set.filtered();
+          },
+          userAddition: function() {
+            $item.filter(selector.addition).remove();
+          },
+          selected: function(value, $selectedItem) {
+            $selectedItem = (settings.allowAdditions)
+              ? $selectedItem || module.get.itemWithAdditions(value)
+              : $selectedItem || module.get.item(value)
+            ;
+
+            if(!$selectedItem) {
+              return false;
+            }
+
+            $selectedItem
+              .each(function() {
+                var
+                  $selected     = $(this),
+                  selectedText  = module.get.choiceText($selected),
+                  selectedValue = module.get.choiceValue($selected, selectedText)
+                ;
+                if(module.is.multiple()) {
+                  if(settings.useLabels) {
+                    module.remove.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                    module.remove.label(selectedValue);
+                  }
+                  else {
+                    module.remove.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                    if(module.get.selectionCount() === 0) {
+                      module.set.placeholderText();
+                    }
+                    else {
+                      module.set.text(module.add.variables(message.count));
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                else {
+                  module.remove.value(selectedValue, selectedText, $selected);
+                }
+                $selected
+                  .removeClass(className.filtered)
+                  .removeClass(className.active)
+                ;
+                if(settings.useLabels) {
+                  $selected.removeClass(className.selected);
+                }
+              })
+            ;
+          },
+          selectedItem: function() {
+            $item.removeClass(className.selected);
+          },
+          value: function(removedValue, removedText, $removedItem) {
+            var
+              values = module.get.values(),
+              newValue
+            ;
+            removedValue = module.escape.htmlEntities(removedValue);
+            if( module.has.selectInput() ) {
+              module.verbose('Input is <select> removing selected option', removedValue);
+              newValue = module.remove.arrayValue(removedValue, values);
+              module.remove.optionValue(removedValue);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Removing from delimited values', removedValue);
+              newValue = module.remove.arrayValue(removedValue, values);
+              newValue = newValue.join(settings.delimiter);
+            }
+            if(settings.fireOnInit === false && module.is.initialLoad()) {
+              module.verbose('No callback on initial load', settings.onRemove);
+            }
+            else {
+              settings.onRemove.call(element, removedValue, removedText, $removedItem);
+            }
+            module.set.value(newValue, removedText, $removedItem);
+            module.check.maxSelections();
+          },
+          arrayValue: function(removedValue, values) {
+            if( !Array.isArray(values) ) {
+              values = [values];
+            }
+            values = $.grep(values, function(value){
+              return (removedValue != value);
+            });
+            module.verbose('Removed value from delimited string', removedValue, values);
+            return values;
+          },
+          label: function(value, shouldAnimate) {
+            var
+              $labels       = $module.find(selector.label),
+              $removedLabel = $labels.filter('[data-' + metadata.value + '="' + module.escape.string(settings.ignoreCase ? value.toLowerCase() : value) +'"]')
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Removing label', $removedLabel);
+            $removedLabel.remove();
+          },
+          activeLabels: function($activeLabels) {
+            $activeLabels = $activeLabels || $module.find(selector.label).filter('.' + className.active);
+            module.verbose('Removing active label selections', $activeLabels);
+            module.remove.labels($activeLabels);
+          },
+          labels: function($labels) {
+            $labels = $labels || $module.find(selector.label);
+            module.verbose('Removing labels', $labels);
+            $labels
+              .each(function(){
+                var
+                  $label      = $(this),
+                  value       = $label.data(metadata.value),
+                  stringValue = (value !== undefined)
+                    ? String(value)
+                    : value,
+                  isUserValue = module.is.userValue(stringValue)
+                ;
+                if(settings.onLabelRemove.call($label, value) === false) {
+                  module.debug('Label remove callback cancelled removal');
+                  return;
+                }
+                module.remove.message();
+                if(isUserValue) {
+                  module.remove.value(stringValue);
+                  module.remove.label(stringValue);
+                }
+                else {
+                  // selected will also remove label
+                  module.remove.selected(stringValue);
+                }
+              })
+            ;
+          },
+          tabbable: function() {
+            if( module.is.searchSelection() ) {
+              module.debug('Searchable dropdown initialized');
+              $search
+                .removeAttr('tabindex')
+              ;
+              $menu
+                .removeAttr('tabindex')
+              ;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug('Simple selection dropdown initialized');
+              $module
+                .removeAttr('tabindex')
+              ;
+              $menu
+                .removeAttr('tabindex')
+              ;
+            }
+          },
+          diacritics: function(text) {
+            return settings.ignoreDiacritics ?  text.normalize('NFD').replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, '') : text;
+          }
+        },
+
+        has: {
+          menuSearch: function() {
+            return (module.has.search() && $search.closest($menu).length > 0);
+          },
+          clearItem: function() {
+            return ($clear.length > 0);
+          },
+          search: function() {
+            return ($search.length > 0);
+          },
+          sizer: function() {
+            return ($sizer.length > 0);
+          },
+          selectInput: function() {
+            return ( $input.is('select') );
+          },
+          minCharacters: function(searchTerm) {
+            if(settings.minCharacters && !iconClicked) {
+              searchTerm = (searchTerm !== undefined)
+                ? String(searchTerm)
+                : String(module.get.query())
+              ;
+              return (searchTerm.length >= settings.minCharacters);
+            }
+            iconClicked=false;
+            return true;
+          },
+          firstLetter: function($item, letter) {
+            var
+              text,
+              firstLetter
+            ;
+            if(!$item || $item.length === 0 || typeof letter !== 'string') {
+              return false;
+            }
+            text        = module.get.choiceText($item, false);
+            letter      = letter.toLowerCase();
+            firstLetter = String(text).charAt(0).toLowerCase();
+            return (letter == firstLetter);
+          },
+          input: function() {
+            return ($input.length > 0);
+          },
+          items: function() {
+            return ($item.length > 0);
+          },
+          menu: function() {
+            return ($menu.length > 0);
+          },
+          message: function() {
+            return ($menu.children(selector.message).length !== 0);
+          },
+          label: function(value) {
+            var
+              escapedValue = module.escape.value(value),
+              $labels      = $module.find(selector.label)
+            ;
+            if(settings.ignoreCase) {
+              escapedValue = escapedValue.toLowerCase();
+            }
+            return ($labels.filter('[data-' + metadata.value + '="' + module.escape.string(escapedValue) +'"]').length > 0);
+          },
+          maxSelections: function() {
+            return (settings.maxSelections && module.get.selectionCount() >= settings.maxSelections);
+          },
+          allResultsFiltered: function() {
+            var
+              $normalResults = $item.not(selector.addition)
+            ;
+            return ($normalResults.filter(selector.unselectable).length === $normalResults.length);
+          },
+          userSuggestion: function() {
+            return ($menu.children(selector.addition).length > 0);
+          },
+          query: function() {
+            return (module.get.query() !== '');
+          },
+          value: function(value) {
+            return (settings.ignoreCase)
+              ? module.has.valueIgnoringCase(value)
+              : module.has.valueMatchingCase(value)
+            ;
+          },
+          valueMatchingCase: function(value) {
+            var
+              values   = module.get.values(),
+              hasValue = Array.isArray(values)
+               ? values && ($.inArray(value, values) !== -1)
+               : (values == value)
+            ;
+            return (hasValue)
+              ? true
+              : false
+            ;
+          },
+          valueIgnoringCase: function(value) {
+            var
+              values   = module.get.values(),
+              hasValue = false
+            ;
+            if(!Array.isArray(values)) {
+              values = [values];
+            }
+            $.each(values, function(index, existingValue) {
+              if(String(value).toLowerCase() == String(existingValue).toLowerCase()) {
+                hasValue = true;
+                return false;
+              }
+            });
+            return hasValue;
+          }
+        },
+
+        is: {
+          active: function() {
+            return $module.hasClass(className.active);
+          },
+          animatingInward: function() {
+            return $menu.transition('is inward');
+          },
+          animatingOutward: function() {
+            return $menu.transition('is outward');
+          },
+          bubbledLabelClick: function(event) {
+            return $(event.target).is('select, input') && $module.closest('label').length > 0;
+          },
+          bubbledIconClick: function(event) {
+            return $(event.target).closest($icon).length > 0;
+          },
+          alreadySetup: function() {
+            return ($module.is('select') && $module.parent(selector.dropdown).data(moduleNamespace) !== undefined && $module.prev().length === 0);
+          },
+          animating: function($subMenu) {
+            return ($subMenu)
+              ? $subMenu.transition && $subMenu.transition('is animating')
+              : $menu.transition    && $menu.transition('is animating')
+            ;
+          },
+          leftward: function($subMenu) {
+            var $selectedMenu = $subMenu || $menu;
+            return $selectedMenu.hasClass(className.leftward);
+          },
+          clearable: function() {
+            return ($module.hasClass(className.clearable) || settings.clearable);
+          },
+          disabled: function() {
+            return $module.hasClass(className.disabled);
+          },
+          focused: function() {
+            return (document.activeElement === $module[0]);
+          },
+          focusedOnSearch: function() {
+            return (document.activeElement === $search[0]);
+          },
+          allFiltered: function() {
+            return( (module.is.multiple() || module.has.search()) && !(settings.hideAdditions == false && module.has.userSuggestion()) && !module.has.message() && module.has.allResultsFiltered() );
+          },
+          hidden: function($subMenu) {
+            return !module.is.visible($subMenu);
+          },
+          initialLoad: function() {
+            return initialLoad;
+          },
+          inObject: function(needle, object) {
+            var
+              found = false
+            ;
+            $.each(object, function(index, property) {
+              if(property == needle) {
+                found = true;
+                return true;
+              }
+            });
+            return found;
+          },
+          multiple: function() {
+            return $module.hasClass(className.multiple);
+          },
+          remote: function() {
+            return settings.apiSettings && module.can.useAPI();
+          },
+          single: function() {
+            return !module.is.multiple();
+          },
+          selectMutation: function(mutations) {
+            var
+              selectChanged = false
+            ;
+            $.each(mutations, function(index, mutation) {
+              if($(mutation.target).is('select') || $(mutation.addedNodes).is('select')) {
+                selectChanged = true;
+                return false;
+              }
+            });
+            return selectChanged;
+          },
+          search: function() {
+            return $module.hasClass(className.search);
+          },
+          searchSelection: function() {
+            return ( module.has.search() && $search.parent(selector.dropdown).length === 1 );
+          },
+          selection: function() {
+            return $module.hasClass(className.selection);
+          },
+          userValue: function(value) {
+            return ($.inArray(value, module.get.userValues()) !== -1);
+          },
+          upward: function($menu) {
+            var $element = $menu || $module;
+            return $element.hasClass(className.upward);
+          },
+          visible: function($subMenu) {
+            return ($subMenu)
+              ? $subMenu.hasClass(className.visible)
+              : $menu.hasClass(className.visible)
+            ;
+          },
+          verticallyScrollableContext: function() {
+            var
+              overflowY = ($context.get(0) !== window)
+                ? $context.css('overflow-y')
+                : false
+            ;
+            return (overflowY == 'auto' || overflowY == 'scroll');
+          },
+          horizontallyScrollableContext: function() {
+            var
+              overflowX = ($context.get(0) !== window)
+                ? $context.css('overflow-X')
+                : false
+            ;
+            return (overflowX == 'auto' || overflowX == 'scroll');
+          }
+        },
+
+        can: {
+          activate: function($item) {
+            if(settings.useLabels) {
+              return true;
+            }
+            if(!module.has.maxSelections()) {
+              return true;
+            }
+            if(module.has.maxSelections() && $item.hasClass(className.active)) {
+              return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+          },
+          openDownward: function($subMenu) {
+            var
+              $currentMenu    = $subMenu || $menu,
+              canOpenDownward = true,
+              onScreen        = {},
+              calculations
+            ;
+            $currentMenu
+              .addClass(className.loading)
+            ;
+            calculations = {
+              context: {
+                offset    : ($context.get(0) === window)
+                  ? { top: 0, left: 0}
+                  : $context.offset(),
+                scrollTop : $context.scrollTop(),
+                height    : $context.outerHeight()
+              },
+              menu : {
+                offset: $currentMenu.offset(),
+                height: $currentMenu.outerHeight()
+              }
+            };
+            if(module.is.verticallyScrollableContext()) {
+              calculations.menu.offset.top += calculations.context.scrollTop;
+            }
+            onScreen = {
+              above : (calculations.context.scrollTop) <= calculations.menu.offset.top - calculations.context.offset.top - calculations.menu.height,
+              below : (calculations.context.scrollTop + calculations.context.height) >= calculations.menu.offset.top - calculations.context.offset.top + calculations.menu.height
+            };
+            if(onScreen.below) {
+              module.verbose('Dropdown can fit in context downward', onScreen);
+              canOpenDownward = true;
+            }
+            else if(!onScreen.below && !onScreen.above) {
+              module.verbose('Dropdown cannot fit in either direction, favoring downward', onScreen);
+              canOpenDownward = true;
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose('Dropdown cannot fit below, opening upward', onScreen);
+              canOpenDownward = false;
+            }
+            $currentMenu.removeClass(className.loading);
+            return canOpenDownward;
+          },
+          openRightward: function($subMenu) {
+            var
+              $currentMenu     = $subMenu || $menu,
+              canOpenRightward = true,
+              isOffscreenRight = false,
+              calculations
+            ;
+            $currentMenu
+              .addClass(className.loading)
+            ;
+            calculations = {
+              context: {
+                offset     : ($context.get(0) === window)
+                  ? { top: 0, left: 0}
+                  : $context.offset(),
+                scrollLeft : $context.scrollLeft(),
+                width      : $context.outerWidth()
+              },
+              menu: {
+                offset : $currentMenu.offset(),
+                width  : $currentMenu.outerWidth()
+              }
+            };
+            if(module.is.horizontallyScrollableContext()) {
+              calculations.menu.offset.left += calculations.context.scrollLeft;
+            }
+            isOffscreenRight = (calculations.menu.offset.left - calculations.context.offset.left + calculations.menu.width >= calculations.context.scrollLeft + calculations.context.width);
+            if(isOffscreenRight) {
+              module.verbose('Dropdown cannot fit in context rightward', isOffscreenRight);
+              canOpenRightward = false;
+            }
+            $currentMenu.removeClass(className.loading);
+            return canOpenRightward;
+          },
+          click: function() {
+            return (hasTouch || settings.on == 'click');
+          },
+          extendSelect: function() {
+            return settings.allowAdditions || settings.apiSettings;
+          },
+          show: function() {
+            return !module.is.disabled() && (module.has.items() || module.has.message());
+          },
+          useAPI: function() {
+            return $.fn.api !== undefined;
+          }
+        },
+
+        animate: {
+          show: function(callback, $subMenu) {
+            var
+              $currentMenu = $subMenu || $menu,
+              start = ($subMenu)
+                ? function() {}
+                : function() {
+                  module.hideSubMenus();
+                  module.hideOthers();
+                  module.set.active();
+                },
+              transition
+            ;
+            callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+              ? callback
+              : function(){}
+            ;
+            module.verbose('Doing menu show animation', $currentMenu);
+            module.set.direction($subMenu);
+            transition = module.get.transition($subMenu);
+            if( module.is.selection() ) {
+              module.set.scrollPosition(module.get.selectedItem(), true);
+            }
+            if( module.is.hidden($currentMenu) || module.is.animating($currentMenu) ) {
+              var displayType = $module.hasClass('column') ? 'flex' : false;
+              if(transition == 'none') {
+                start();
+                $currentMenu.transition({
+                  displayType: displayType
+                }).transition('show');
+                callback.call(element);
+              }
+              else if($.fn.transition !== undefined && $module.transition('is supported')) {
+                $currentMenu
+                  .transition({
+                    animation  : transition + ' in',
+                    debug      : settings.debug,
+                    verbose    : settings.verbose,
+                    duration   : settings.duration,
+                    queue      : true,
+                    onStart    : start,
+                    displayType: displayType,
+                    onComplete : function() {
+                      callback.call(element);
+                    }
+                  })
+                ;
+              }
+              else {
+                module.error(error.noTransition, transition);
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          hide: function(callback, $subMenu) {
+            var
+              $currentMenu = $subMenu || $menu,
+              start = ($subMenu)
+                ? function() {}
+                : function() {
+                  if( module.can.click() ) {
+                    module.unbind.intent();
+                  }
+                  module.remove.active();
+                },
+              transition = module.get.transition($subMenu)
+            ;
+            callback = $.isFunction(callback)
+              ? callback
+              : function(){}
+            ;
+            if( module.is.visible($currentMenu) || module.is.animating($currentMenu) ) {
+              module.verbose('Doing menu hide animation', $currentMenu);
+
+              if(transition == 'none') {
+                start();
+                $currentMenu.transition('hide');
+                callback.call(element);
+              }
+              else if($.fn.transition !== undefined && $module.transition('is supported')) {
+                $currentMenu
+                  .transition({
+                    animation  : transition + ' out',
+                    duration   : settings.duration,
+                    debug      : settings.debug,
+                    verbose    : settings.verbose,
+                    queue      : false,
+                    onStart    : start,
+                    onComplete : function() {
+                      callback.call(element);
+                    }
+                  })
+                ;
+              }
+              else {
+                module.error(error.transition);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+
+        hideAndClear: function() {
+          module.remove.searchTerm();
+          if( module.has.maxSelections() ) {
+            return;
+          }
+          if(module.has.search()) {
+            module.hide(function() {
+              module.remove.filteredItem();
+            });
+          }
+          else {
+            module.hide();
+          }
+        },
+
+        delay: {
+          show: function() {
+            module.verbose('Delaying show event to ensure user intent');
+            clearTimeout(module.timer);
+            module.timer = setTimeout(module.show, settings.delay.show);
+          },
+          hide: function() {
+            module.verbose('Delaying hide event to ensure user intent');
+            clearTimeout(module.timer);
+            module.timer = setTimeout(module.hide, settings.delay.hide);
+          }
+        },
+
+        escape: {
+          value: function(value) {
+            var
+              multipleValues = Array.isArray(value),
+              stringValue    = (typeof value === 'string'),
+              isUnparsable   = (!stringValue && !multipleValues),
+              hasQuotes      = (stringValue && value.search(regExp.quote) !== -1),
+              values         = []
+            ;
+            if(isUnparsable || !hasQuotes) {
+              return value;
+            }
+            module.debug('Encoding quote values for use in select', value);
+            if(multipleValues) {
+              $.each(value, function(index, value){
+                values.push(value.replace(regExp.quote, '&quot;'));
+              });
+              return values;
+            }
+            return value.replace(regExp.quote, '&quot;');
+          },
+          string: function(text) {
+            text =  String(text);
+            return text.replace(regExp.escape, '\\$&');
+          },
+          htmlEntities: function(string) {
+              var
+                  badChars     = /[<>"'`]/g,
+                  shouldEscape = /[&<>"'`]/,
+                  escape       = {
+                      "<": "&lt;",
+                      ">": "&gt;",
+                      '"': "&quot;",
+                      "'": "&#x27;",
+                      "`": "&#x60;"
+                  },
+                  escapedChar  = function(chr) {
+                      return escape[chr];
+                  }
+              ;
+              if(shouldEscape.test(string)) {
+                  string = string.replace(/&(?![a-z0-9#]{1,6};)/, "&amp;");
+                  return string.replace(badChars, escapedChar);
+              }
+              return string;
+          }
+        },
+
+        setting: function(name, value) {
+          module.debug('Changing setting', name, value);
+          if( $.isPlainObject(name) ) {
+            $.extend(true, settings, name);
+          }
+          else if(value !== undefined) {
+            if($.isPlainObject(settings[name])) {
+              $.extend(true, settings[name], value);
+            }
+            else {
+              settings[name] = value;
+            }
+          }
+          else {
+            return settings[name];
+          }
+        },
+        internal: function(name, value) {
+          if( $.isPlainObject(name) ) {
+            $.extend(true, module, name);
+          }
+          else if(value !== undefined) {
+            module[name] = value;
+          }
+          else {
+            return module[name];
+          }
+        },
+        debug: function() {
+          if(!settings.silent && settings.debug) {
+            if(settings.performance) {
+              module.performance.log(arguments);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.debug = Function.prototype.bind.call(console.info, console, settings.name + ':');
+              module.debug.apply(console, arguments);
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        verbose: function() {
+          if(!settings.silent && settings.verbose && settings.debug) {
+            if(settings.performance) {
+              module.performance.log(arguments);
+            }
+            else {
+              module.verbose = Function.prototype.bind.call(console.info, console, settings.name + ':');
+              module.verbose.apply(console, arguments);
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        error: function() {
+          if(!settings.silent) {
+            module.error = Function.prototype.bind.call(console.error, console, settings.name + ':');
+            module.error.apply(console, arguments);
+          }
+        },
+        performance: {
+          log: function(message) {
+            var
+              currentTime,
+              executionTime,
+              previousTime
+            ;
+            if(settings.performance) {
+              currentTime   = new Date().getTime();
+              previousTime  = time || currentTime;
+              executionTime = currentTime - previousTime;
+              time          = currentTime;
+              performance.push({
+                'Name'           : message[0],
+                'Arguments'      : [].slice.call(message, 1) || '',
+                'Element'        : element,
+                'Execution Time' : executionTime
+              });
+            }
+            clearTimeout(module.performance.timer);
+            module.performance.timer = setTimeout(module.performance.display, 500);
+          },
+          display: function() {
+            var
+              title = settings.name + ':',
+              totalTime = 0
+            ;
+            time = false;
+            clearTimeout(module.performance.timer);
+            $.each(performance, function(index, data) {
+              totalTime += data['Execution Time'];
+            });
+            title += ' ' + totalTime + 'ms';
+            if(moduleSelector) {
+              title += ' \'' + moduleSelector + '\'';
+            }
+            if( (console.group !== undefined || console.table !== undefined) && performance.length > 0) {
+              console.groupCollapsed(title);
+              if(console.table) {
+                console.table(performance);
+              }
+              else {
+                $.each(performance, function(index, data) {
+                  console.log(data['Name'] + ': ' + data['Execution Time']+'ms');
+                });
+              }
+              console.groupEnd();
+            }
+            performance = [];
+          }
+        },
+        invoke: function(query, passedArguments, context) {
+          var
+            object = instance,
+            maxDepth,
+            found,
+            response
+          ;
+          passedArguments = passedArguments || queryArguments;
+          context         = element         || context;
+          if(typeof query == 'string' && object !== undefined) {
+            query    = query.split(/[\. ]/);
+            maxDepth = query.length - 1;
+            $.each(query, function(depth, value) {
+              var camelCaseValue = (depth != maxDepth)
+                ? value + query[depth + 1].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + query[depth + 1].slice(1)
+                : query
+              ;
+              if( $.isPlainObject( object[camelCaseValue] ) && (depth != maxDepth) ) {
+                object = object[camelCaseValue];
+              }
+              else if( object[camelCaseValue] !== undefined ) {
+                found = object[camelCaseValue];
+                return false;
+              }
+              else if( $.isPlainObject( object[value] ) && (depth != maxDepth) ) {
+                object = object[value];
+              }
+              else if( object[value] !== undefined ) {
+                found = object[value];
+                return false;
+              }
+              else {
+                module.error(error.method, query);
+                return false;
+              }
+            });
+          }
+          if ( $.isFunction( found ) ) {
+            response = found.apply(context, passedArguments);
+          }
+          else if(found !== undefined) {
+            response = found;
+          }
+          if(Array.isArray(returnedValue)) {
+            returnedValue.push(response);
+          }
+          else if(returnedValue !== undefined) {
+            returnedValue = [returnedValue, response];
+          }
+          else if(response !== undefined) {
+            returnedValue = response;
+          }
+          return found;
+        }
+      };
+
+      if(methodInvoked) {
+        if(instance === undefined) {
+          module.initialize();
+        }
+        module.invoke(query);
+      }
+      else {
+        if(instance !== undefined) {
+          instance.invoke('destroy');
+        }
+        module.initialize();
+      }
+    })
+  ;
+  return (returnedValue !== undefined)
+    ? returnedValue
+    : $allModules
+  ;
+};
+
+$.fn.dropdown.settings = {
+
+  silent                 : false,
+  debug                  : false,
+  verbose                : false,
+  performance            : true,
+
+  on                     : 'click',    // what event should show menu action on item selection
+  action                 : 'activate', // action on item selection (nothing, activate, select, combo, hide, function(){})
+
+  values                 : false,      // specify values to use for dropdown
+
+  clearable              : false,      // whether the value of the dropdown can be cleared
+
+  apiSettings            : false,
+  selectOnKeydown        : true,       // Whether selection should occur automatically when keyboard shortcuts used
+  minCharacters          : 0,          // Minimum characters required to trigger API call
+
+  filterRemoteData       : false,      // Whether API results should be filtered after being returned for query term
+  saveRemoteData         : true,       // Whether remote name/value pairs should be stored in sessionStorage to allow remote data to be restored on page refresh
+
+  throttle               : 200,        // How long to wait after last user input to search remotely
+
+  context                : window,     // Context to use when determining if on screen
+  direction              : 'auto',     // Whether dropdown should always open in one direction
+  keepOnScreen           : true,       // Whether dropdown should check whether it is on screen before showing
+
+  match                  : 'both',     // what to match against with search selection (both, text, or label)
+  fullTextSearch         : false,      // search anywhere in value (set to 'exact' to require exact matches)
+  ignoreDiacritics       : false,      // match results also if they contain diacritics of the same base character (for example searching for "a" will also match "á" or "â" or "à", etc...)
+  hideDividers           : false,      // Whether to hide any divider elements (specified in selector.divider) that are sibling to any items when searched (set to true will hide all dividers, set to 'empty' will hide them when they are not followed by a visible item)
+
+  placeholder            : 'auto',     // whether to convert blank <select> values to placeholder text
+  preserveHTML           : true,       // preserve html when selecting value
+  sortSelect             : false,      // sort selection on init
+
+  forceSelection         : true,       // force a choice on blur with search selection
+
+  allowAdditions         : false,      // whether multiple select should allow user added values
+  ignoreCase             : false,      // whether to consider case sensitivity when creating labels
+  ignoreSearchCase       : true,       // whether to consider case sensitivity when filtering items
+  hideAdditions          : true,       // whether or not to hide special message prompting a user they can enter a value
+
+  maxSelections          : false,      // When set to a number limits the number of selections to this count
+  useLabels              : true,       // whether multiple select should filter currently active selections from choices
+  delimiter              : ',',        // when multiselect uses normal <input> the values will be delimited with this character
+
+  showOnFocus            : true,       // show menu on focus
+  allowReselection       : false,      // whether current value should trigger callbacks when reselected
+  allowTab               : true,       // add tabindex to element
+  allowCategorySelection : false,      // allow elements with sub-menus to be selected
+
+  fireOnInit             : false,      // Whether callbacks should fire when initializing dropdown values
+
+  transition             : 'auto',     // auto transition will slide down or up based on direction
+  duration               : 200,        // duration of transition
+
+  glyphWidth             : 1.037,      // widest glyph width in em (W is 1.037 em) used to calculate multiselect input width
+
+  headerDivider          : true,       // whether option headers should have an additional divider line underneath when converted from <select> <optgroup>
+
+  // label settings on multi-select
+  label: {
+    transition : 'scale',
+    duration   : 200,
+    variation  : false
+  },
+
+  // delay before event
+  delay : {
+    hide   : 300,
+    show   : 200,
+    search : 20,
+    touch  : 50
+  },
+
+  /* Callbacks */
+  onChange      : function(value, text, $selected){},
+  onAdd         : function(value, text, $selected){},
+  onRemove      : function(value, text, $selected){},
+
+  onLabelSelect : function($selectedLabels){},
+  onLabelCreate : function(value, text) { return $(this); },
+  onLabelRemove : function(value) { return true; },
+  onNoResults   : function(searchTerm) { return true; },
+  onShow        : function(){},
+  onHide        : function(){},
+
+  /* Component */
+  name           : 'Dropdown',
+  namespace      : 'dropdown',
+
+  message: {
+    addResult     : 'Add <b>{term}</b>',
+    count         : '{count} selected',
+    maxSelections : 'Max {maxCount} selections',
+    noResults     : 'No results found.',
+    serverError   : 'There was an error contacting the server'
+  },
+
+  error : {
+    action          : 'You called a dropdown action that was not defined',
+    alreadySetup    : 'Once a select has been initialized behaviors must be called on the created ui dropdown',
+    labels          : 'Allowing user additions currently requires the use of labels.',
+    missingMultiple : '<select> requires multiple property to be set to correctly preserve multiple values',
+    method          : 'The method you called is not defined.',
+    noAPI           : 'The API module is required to load resources remotely',
+    noStorage       : 'Saving remote data requires session storage',
+    noTransition    : 'This module requires ui transitions <https://github.com/Semantic-Org/UI-Transition>',
+    noNormalize     : '"ignoreDiacritics" setting will be ignored. Browser does not support String().normalize(). You may consider including <https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/unorm@1.4.1/lib/unorm.min.js> as a polyfill.'
+  },
+
+  regExp : {
+    escape   : /[-[\]{}()*+?.,\\^$|#\s:=@]/g,
+    quote    : /"/g
+  },
+
+  metadata : {
+    defaultText     : 'defaultText',
+    defaultValue    : 'defaultValue',
+    placeholderText : 'placeholder',
+    text            : 'text',
+    value           : 'value'
+  },
+
+  // property names for remote query
+  fields: {
+    remoteValues : 'results',  // grouping for api results
+    values       : 'values',   // grouping for all dropdown values
+    disabled     : 'disabled', // whether value should be disabled
+    name         : 'name',     // displayed dropdown text
+    value        : 'value',    // actual dropdown value
+    text         : 'text',     // displayed text when selected
+    type         : 'type',     // type of dropdown element
+    image        : 'image',    // optional image path
+    imageClass   : 'imageClass', // optional individual class for image
+    icon         : 'icon',     // optional icon name
+    iconClass    : 'iconClass', // optional individual class for icon (for example to use flag instead)
+    class        : 'class',    // optional individual class for item/header
+    divider      : 'divider'   // optional divider append for group headers
+  },
+
+  keys : {
+    backspace  : 8,
+    delimiter  : 188, // comma
+    deleteKey  : 46,
+    enter      : 13,
+    escape     : 27,
+    pageUp     : 33,
+    pageDown   : 34,
+    leftArrow  : 37,
+    upArrow    : 38,
+    rightArrow : 39,
+    downArrow  : 40
+  },
+
+  selector : {
+    addition     : '.addition',
+    divider      : '.divider, .header',
+    dropdown     : '.ui.dropdown',
+    hidden       : '.hidden',
+    icon         : '> .dropdown.icon',
+    input        : '> input[type="hidden"], > select',
+    item         : '.item',
+    label        : '> .label',
+    remove       : '> .label > .delete.icon',
+    siblingLabel : '.label',
+    menu         : '.menu',
+    message      : '.message',
+    menuIcon     : '.dropdown.icon',
+    search       : 'input.search, .menu > .search > input, .menu input.search',
+    sizer        : '> span.sizer',
+    text         : '> .text:not(.icon)',
+    unselectable : '.disabled, .filtered',
+    clearIcon    : '> .remove.icon'
+  },
+
+  className : {
+    active      : 'active',
+    addition    : 'addition',
+    animating   : 'animating',
+    disabled    : 'disabled',
+    empty       : 'empty',
+    dropdown    : 'ui dropdown',
+    filtered    : 'filtered',
+    hidden      : 'hidden transition',
+    icon        : 'icon',
+    image       : 'image',
+    item        : 'item',
+    label       : 'ui label',
+    loading     : 'loading',
+    menu        : 'menu',
+    message     : 'message',
+    multiple    : 'multiple',
+    placeholder : 'default',
+    sizer       : 'sizer',
+    search      : 'search',
+    selected    : 'selected',
+    selection   : 'selection',
+    upward      : 'upward',
+    leftward    : 'left',
+    visible     : 'visible',
+    clearable   : 'clearable',
+    noselection : 'noselection',
+    delete      : 'delete',
+    header      : 'header',
+    divider     : 'divider',
+    groupIcon   : '',
+    unfilterable : 'unfilterable'
+  }
+
+};
+
+/* Templates */
+$.fn.dropdown.settings.templates = {
+  deQuote: function(string) {
+      return String(string).replace(/"/g,"");
+  },
+  escape: function(string, preserveHTML) {
+    if (preserveHTML){
+      return string;
+    }
+    var
+        badChars     = /[<>"'`]/g,
+        shouldEscape = /[&<>"'`]/,
+        escape       = {
+          "<": "&lt;",
+          ">": "&gt;",
+          '"': "&quot;",
+          "'": "&#x27;",
+          "`": "&#x60;"
+        },
+        escapedChar  = function(chr) {
+          return escape[chr];
+        }
+    ;
+    if(shouldEscape.test(string)) {
+      string = string.replace(/&(?![a-z0-9#]{1,6};)/, "&amp;");
+      return string.replace(badChars, escapedChar);
+    }
+    return string;
+  },
+  // generates dropdown from select values
+  dropdown: function(select, fields, preserveHTML, className) {
+    var
+      placeholder = select.placeholder || false,
+      html        = '',
+      escape = $.fn.dropdown.settings.templates.escape
+    ;
+    html +=  '<i class="dropdown icon"></i>';
+    if(placeholder) {
+      html += '<div class="default text">' + escape(placeholder,preserveHTML) + '</div>';
+    }
+    else {
+      html += '<div class="text"></div>';
+    }
+    html += '<div class="'+className.menu+'">';
+    html += $.fn.dropdown.settings.templates.menu(select, fields, preserveHTML,className);
+    html += '</div>';
+    return html;
+  },
+
+  // generates just menu from select
+  menu: function(response, fields, preserveHTML, className) {
+    var
+      values = response[fields.values] || [],
+      html   = '',
+      escape = $.fn.dropdown.settings.templates.escape,
+      deQuote = $.fn.dropdown.settings.templates.deQuote
+    ;
+    $.each(values, function(index, option) {
+      var
+        itemType = (option[fields.type])
+          ? option[fields.type]
+          : 'item'
+      ;
+
+      if( itemType === 'item' ) {
+        var
+          maybeText = (option[fields.text])
+            ? ' data-text="' + deQuote(option[fields.text]) + '"'
+            : '',
+          maybeDisabled = (option[fields.disabled])
+            ? className.disabled+' '
+            : ''
+        ;
+        html += '<div class="'+ maybeDisabled + (option[fields.class] ? deQuote(option[fields.class]) : className.item)+'" data-value="' + deQuote(option[fields.value]) + '"' + maybeText + '>';
+        if(option[fields.image]) {
+          html += '<img class="'+(option[fields.imageClass] ? deQuote(option[fields.imageClass]) : className.image)+'" src="' + deQuote(option[fields.image]) + '">';
+        }
+        if(option[fields.icon]) {
+          html += '<i class="'+deQuote(option[fields.icon])+' '+(option[fields.iconClass] ? deQuote(option[fields.iconClass]) : className.icon)+'"></i>';
+        }
+        html +=   escape(option[fields.name] || '', preserveHTML);
+        html += '</div>';
+      } else if (itemType === 'header') {
+        var groupName = escape(option[fields.name] || '', preserveHTML),
+            groupIcon = option[fields.icon] ? deQuote(option[fields.icon]) : className.groupIcon
+        ;
+        if(groupName !== '' || groupIcon !== '') {
+          html += '<div class="' + (option[fields.class] ? deQuote(option[fields.class]) : className.header) + '">';
+          if (groupIcon !== '') {
+            html += '<i class="' + groupIcon + ' ' + (option[fields.iconClass] ? deQuote(option[fields.iconClass]) : className.icon) + '"></i>';
+          }
+          html += groupName;
+          html += '</div>';
+        }
+        if(option[fields.divider]){
+          html += '<div class="'+className.divider+'"></div>';
+        }
+      }
+    });
+    return html;
+  },
+
+  // generates label for multiselect
+  label: function(value, text, preserveHTML, className) {
+    var
+        escape = $.fn.dropdown.settings.templates.escape;
+    return escape(text,preserveHTML) + '<i class="'+className.delete+' icon"></i>';
+  },
+
+
+  // generates messages like "No results"
+  message: function(message) {
+    return message;
+  },
+
+  // generates user addition to selection menu
+  addition: function(choice) {
+    return choice;
+  }
+
+};
+
+})( jQuery, window, document );