]> source.dussan.org Git - nextcloud-server.git/commitdiff
feat(security): Add a bruteforce protection backend base on memcache
authorJoas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
Mon, 14 Aug 2023 16:46:59 +0000 (18:46 +0200)
committerJoas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
Wed, 23 Aug 2023 04:44:05 +0000 (06:44 +0200)
Similar to the ratelimit backend

Signed-off-by: Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
lib/composer/composer/autoload_classmap.php
lib/composer/composer/autoload_static.php
lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/DatabaseBackend.php [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/IBackend.php [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackend.php [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Throttler.php
lib/private/Server.php
lib/public/Security/Bruteforce/IThrottler.php
tests/lib/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackendTest.php [new file with mode: 0644]
tests/lib/Security/Bruteforce/ThrottlerTest.php

index b8c864abe4dc3114a9b9b18e4b6a9bf7c76c4c75..443b013ceddf5b1d2b35b7a58f9f01862c629bd5 100644 (file)
@@ -1565,6 +1565,9 @@ return array(
     'OC\\Search\\Result\\Image' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Search/Result/Image.php',
     'OC\\Search\\SearchComposer' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Search/SearchComposer.php',
     'OC\\Search\\SearchQuery' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Search/SearchQuery.php',
+    'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\DatabaseBackend' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/DatabaseBackend.php',
+    'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\IBackend' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/IBackend.php',
+    'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\MemoryCacheBackend' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackend.php',
     'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Capabilities' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Capabilities.php',
     'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\CleanupJob' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/CleanupJob.php',
     'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Throttler' => $baseDir . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Throttler.php',
index e099accf68375499043e2131ac5fafa76cc8f662..82d51e30edd7e6967a1828e54413bc1d5ba9a6ba 100644 (file)
@@ -1598,6 +1598,9 @@ class ComposerStaticInit749170dad3f5e7f9ca158f5a9f04f6a2
         'OC\\Search\\Result\\Image' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Search/Result/Image.php',
         'OC\\Search\\SearchComposer' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Search/SearchComposer.php',
         'OC\\Search\\SearchQuery' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Search/SearchQuery.php',
+        'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\DatabaseBackend' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/DatabaseBackend.php',
+        'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\IBackend' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/IBackend.php',
+        'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Backend\\MemoryCacheBackend' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackend.php',
         'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Capabilities' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Capabilities.php',
         'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\CleanupJob' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/CleanupJob.php',
         'OC\\Security\\Bruteforce\\Throttler' => __DIR__ . '/../../..' . '/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Throttler.php',
diff --git a/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/DatabaseBackend.php b/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/DatabaseBackend.php
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..04f2a7b
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2023 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @author Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+namespace OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend;
+
+use OCP\IDBConnection;
+
+class DatabaseBackend implements IBackend {
+       private const TABLE_NAME = 'bruteforce_attempts';
+
+       public function __construct(
+               private IDBConnection $db,
+       ) {
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function getAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $maxAgeTimestamp,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): int {
+               $query = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
+               $query->select($query->func()->count('*', 'attempts'))
+                       ->from(self::TABLE_NAME)
+                       ->where($query->expr()->gt('occurred', $query->createNamedParameter($maxAgeTimestamp)))
+                       ->andWhere($query->expr()->eq('subnet', $query->createNamedParameter($ipSubnet)));
+
+               if ($action !== null) {
+                       $query->andWhere($query->expr()->eq('action', $query->createNamedParameter($action)));
+
+                       if ($metadata !== null) {
+                               $query->andWhere($query->expr()->eq('metadata', $query->createNamedParameter(json_encode($metadata))));
+                       }
+               }
+
+               $result = $query->executeQuery();
+               $row = $result->fetch();
+               $result->closeCursor();
+
+               return (int) $row['attempts'];
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function resetAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): void {
+               $query = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
+               $query->delete(self::TABLE_NAME)
+                       ->where($query->expr()->eq('subnet', $query->createNamedParameter($ipSubnet)));
+
+               if ($action !== null) {
+                       $query->andWhere($query->expr()->eq('action', $query->createNamedParameter($action)));
+
+                       if ($metadata !== null) {
+                               $query->andWhere($query->expr()->eq('metadata', $query->createNamedParameter(json_encode($metadata))));
+                       }
+               }
+
+               $query->executeStatement();
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function registerAttempt(
+               string $ip,
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $timestamp,
+               string $action,
+               array $metadata = [],
+       ): void {
+               $values = [
+                       'ip' => $ip,
+                       'subnet' => $ipSubnet,
+                       'action' => $action,
+                       'metadata' => json_encode($metadata),
+                       'occurred' => $timestamp,
+               ];
+
+               $qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
+               $qb->insert(self::TABLE_NAME);
+               foreach ($values as $column => $value) {
+                       $qb->setValue($column, $qb->createNamedParameter($value));
+               }
+               $qb->executeStatement();
+       }
+}
diff --git a/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/IBackend.php b/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/IBackend.php
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..4b40262
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2023 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @author Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+namespace OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend;
+
+/**
+ * Interface IBackend defines a storage backend for the bruteforce data. It
+ * should be noted that writing and reading brute force data is an expensive
+ * operation and one should thus make sure to only use sufficient fast backends.
+ */
+interface IBackend {
+       /**
+        * Gets the number of attempts for the specified subnet (and further filters)
+        *
+        * @param string $ipSubnet
+        * @param int $maxAgeTimestamp
+        * @param ?string $action Optional action to further limit attempts
+        * @param ?array $metadata Optional metadata stored to further limit attempts (Only considered when $action is set)
+        * @return int
+        * @since 28.0.0
+        */
+       public function getAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $maxAgeTimestamp,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): int;
+
+       /**
+        * Reset the attempts for the specified subnet (and further filters)
+        *
+        * @param string $ipSubnet
+        * @param ?string $action Optional action to further limit attempts
+        * @param ?array $metadata Optional metadata stored to further limit attempts(Only considered when $action is set)
+        * @since 28.0.0
+        */
+       public function resetAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): void;
+
+       /**
+        * Register a failed attempt to bruteforce a security control
+        *
+        * @param string $ip
+        * @param string $ipSubnet
+        * @param int $timestamp
+        * @param string $action
+        * @param array $metadata Optional metadata stored to further limit attempts when getting
+        * @since 28.0.0
+        */
+       public function registerAttempt(
+               string $ip,
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $timestamp,
+               string $action,
+               array $metadata = [],
+       ): void;
+}
diff --git a/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackend.php b/lib/private/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackend.php
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..432e997
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2023 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @author Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+namespace OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend;
+
+use OCP\AppFramework\Utility\ITimeFactory;
+use OCP\ICache;
+use OCP\ICacheFactory;
+
+class MemoryCacheBackend implements IBackend {
+       private ICache $cache;
+
+       public function __construct(
+               ICacheFactory $cacheFactory,
+               private ITimeFactory $timeFactory,
+       ) {
+               $this->cache = $cacheFactory->createDistributed(__CLASS__);
+       }
+
+       private function hash(
+               null|string|array $data,
+       ): ?string {
+               if ($data === null) {
+                       return null;
+               }
+               if (!is_string($data)) {
+                       $data = json_encode($data);
+               }
+               return hash('sha1', $data);
+       }
+
+       private function getExistingAttempts(string $identifier): array {
+               $cachedAttempts = $this->cache->get($identifier);
+               if ($cachedAttempts === null) {
+                       return [];
+               }
+
+               $cachedAttempts = json_decode($cachedAttempts, true);
+               if (\is_array($cachedAttempts)) {
+                       return $cachedAttempts;
+               }
+
+               return [];
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function getAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $maxAgeTimestamp,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): int {
+               $identifier = $this->hash($ipSubnet);
+               $actionHash = $this->hash($action);
+               $metadataHash = $this->hash($metadata);
+               $existingAttempts = $this->getExistingAttempts($identifier);
+
+               $count = 0;
+               foreach ($existingAttempts as $info) {
+                       [$occurredTime, $attemptAction, $attemptMetadata] = explode('#', $info, 3);
+                       if ($action === null || $attemptAction === $actionHash) {
+                               if ($metadata === null || $attemptMetadata === $metadataHash) {
+                                       if ($occurredTime > $maxAgeTimestamp) {
+                                               $count++;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               return $count;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function resetAttempts(
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               ?string $action = null,
+               ?array $metadata = null,
+       ): void {
+               $identifier = $this->hash($ipSubnet);
+               if ($action === null) {
+                       $this->cache->remove($identifier);
+               } else {
+                       $actionHash = $this->hash($action);
+                       $metadataHash = $this->hash($metadata);
+                       $existingAttempts = $this->getExistingAttempts($identifier);
+                       $maxAgeTimestamp = $this->timeFactory->getTime() - 12 * 3600;
+
+                       foreach ($existingAttempts as $key => $info) {
+                               [$occurredTime, $attemptAction, $attemptMetadata] = explode('#', $info, 3);
+                               if ($attemptAction === $actionHash) {
+                                       if ($metadata === null || $attemptMetadata === $metadataHash) {
+                                               unset($existingAttempts[$key]);
+                                       } elseif ($occurredTime < $maxAgeTimestamp) {
+                                               unset($existingAttempts[$key]);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (!empty($existingAttempts)) {
+                               $this->cache->set($identifier, json_encode($existingAttempts), 12 * 3600);
+                       } else {
+                               $this->cache->remove($identifier);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function registerAttempt(
+               string $ip,
+               string $ipSubnet,
+               int $timestamp,
+               string $action,
+               array $metadata = [],
+       ): void {
+               $identifier = $this->hash($ipSubnet);
+               $existingAttempts = $this->getExistingAttempts($identifier);
+               $maxAgeTimestamp = $this->timeFactory->getTime() - 12 * 3600;
+
+               // Unset all attempts that are already expired
+               foreach ($existingAttempts as $key => $info) {
+                       [$occurredTime,] = explode('#', $info, 3);
+                       if ($occurredTime < $maxAgeTimestamp) {
+                               unset($existingAttempts[$key]);
+                       }
+               }
+               $existingAttempts = array_values($existingAttempts);
+
+               // Store the new attempt
+               $existingAttempts[] = $timestamp . '#' . $this->hash($action) . '#' .  $this->hash($metadata);
+
+               $this->cache->set($identifier, json_encode($existingAttempts), 12 * 3600);
+       }
+}
index d5fd0984baab637c3e19c3c60fbf286fb7b0bfc9..a0a41a8b4c4844ef66fc01a103cc9ac7b18455d9 100644 (file)
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
 /**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2023 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2016 Lukas Reschke <lukas@statuscode.ch>
  *
  * @author Bjoern Schiessle <bjoern@schiessle.org>
@@ -32,10 +33,10 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
  */
 namespace OC\Security\Bruteforce;
 
+use OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\IBackend;
 use OC\Security\Normalizer\IpAddress;
 use OCP\AppFramework\Utility\ITimeFactory;
 use OCP\IConfig;
-use OCP\IDBConnection;
 use OCP\Security\Bruteforce\IThrottler;
 use OCP\Security\Bruteforce\MaxDelayReached;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
@@ -54,59 +55,21 @@ use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
  * @package OC\Security\Bruteforce
  */
 class Throttler implements IThrottler {
-       public const LOGIN_ACTION = 'login';
-
-       /** @var IDBConnection */
-       private $db;
-       /** @var ITimeFactory */
-       private $timeFactory;
-       private LoggerInterface $logger;
-       /** @var IConfig */
-       private $config;
        /** @var bool[] */
-       private $hasAttemptsDeleted = [];
-
-       public function __construct(IDBConnection $db,
-                                                               ITimeFactory $timeFactory,
-                                                               LoggerInterface $logger,
-                                                               IConfig $config) {
-               $this->db = $db;
-               $this->timeFactory = $timeFactory;
-               $this->logger = $logger;
-               $this->config = $config;
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Convert a number of seconds into the appropriate DateInterval
-        *
-        * @param int $expire
-        * @return \DateInterval
-        */
-       private function getCutoff(int $expire): \DateInterval {
-               $d1 = new \DateTime();
-               $d2 = clone $d1;
-               $d2->sub(new \DateInterval('PT' . $expire . 'S'));
-               return $d2->diff($d1);
-       }
-
-       /**
-        *  Calculate the cut off timestamp
-        *
-        * @param float $maxAgeHours
-        * @return int
-        */
-       private function getCutoffTimestamp(float $maxAgeHours = 12.0): int {
-               return (new \DateTime())
-                       ->sub($this->getCutoff((int) ($maxAgeHours * 3600)))
-                       ->getTimestamp();
+       private array $hasAttemptsDeleted = [];
+       /** @var bool[] */
+       private array $ipIsWhitelisted = [];
+
+       public function __construct(
+               private ITimeFactory $timeFactory,
+               private LoggerInterface $logger,
+               private IConfig $config,
+               private IBackend $backend,
+       ) {
        }
 
        /**
-        * Register a failed attempt to bruteforce a security control
-        *
-        * @param string $action
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param array $metadata Optional metadata logged to the database
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function registerAttempt(string $action,
                                                                        string $ip,
@@ -117,13 +80,9 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
                }
 
                $ipAddress = new IpAddress($ip);
-               $values = [
-                       'action' => $action,
-                       'occurred' => $this->timeFactory->getTime(),
-                       'ip' => (string)$ipAddress,
-                       'subnet' => $ipAddress->getSubnet(),
-                       'metadata' => json_encode($metadata),
-               ];
+               if ($this->isIPWhitelisted((string)$ipAddress)) {
+                       return;
+               }
 
                $this->logger->notice(
                        sprintf(
@@ -136,12 +95,13 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
                        ]
                );
 
-               $qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
-               $qb->insert('bruteforce_attempts');
-               foreach ($values as $column => $value) {
-                       $qb->setValue($column, $qb->createNamedParameter($value));
-               }
-               $qb->execute();
+               $this->backend->registerAttempt(
+                       (string)$ipAddress,
+                       $ipAddress->getSubnet(),
+                       $this->timeFactory->getTime(),
+                       $action,
+                       $metadata
+               );
        }
 
        /**
@@ -151,7 +111,12 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
         * @return bool
         */
        private function isIPWhitelisted(string $ip): bool {
+               if (isset($this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip])) {
+                       return $this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip];
+               }
+
                if (!$this->config->getSystemValueBool('auth.bruteforce.protection.enabled', true)) {
+                       $this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip] = true;
                        return true;
                }
 
@@ -165,6 +130,7 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
                } elseif (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV6)) {
                        $type = 6;
                } else {
+                       $this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip] = false;
                        return false;
                }
 
@@ -202,20 +168,26 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
                        }
 
                        if ($valid === true) {
+                               $this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip] = true;
                                return true;
                        }
                }
 
+               $this->ipIsWhitelisted[$ip] = false;
                return false;
        }
 
        /**
-        * Get the throttling delay (in milliseconds)
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param string $action optionally filter by action
-        * @param float $maxAgeHours
-        * @return int
+        * {@inheritDoc}
+        */
+       public function showBruteforceWarning(string $ip, string $action = ''): bool {
+               $attempts = $this->getAttempts($ip, $action);
+               // 4 failed attempts is the last delay below 5 seconds
+               return $attempts >= 4;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function getAttempts(string $ip, string $action = '', float $maxAgeHours = 12): int {
                if ($maxAgeHours > 48) {
@@ -232,31 +204,17 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
                        return 0;
                }
 
-               $cutoffTime = $this->getCutoffTimestamp($maxAgeHours);
-
-               $qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
-               $qb->select($qb->func()->count('*', 'attempts'))
-                       ->from('bruteforce_attempts')
-                       ->where($qb->expr()->gt('occurred', $qb->createNamedParameter($cutoffTime)))
-                       ->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('subnet', $qb->createNamedParameter($ipAddress->getSubnet())));
-
-               if ($action !== '') {
-                       $qb->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('action', $qb->createNamedParameter($action)));
-               }
-
-               $result = $qb->execute();
-               $row = $result->fetch();
-               $result->closeCursor();
+               $maxAgeTimestamp = (int) ($this->timeFactory->getTime() - 3600 * $maxAgeHours);
 
-               return (int) $row['attempts'];
+               return $this->backend->getAttempts(
+                       $ipAddress->getSubnet(),
+                       $maxAgeTimestamp,
+                       $action !== '' ? $action : null,
+               );
        }
 
        /**
-        * Get the throttling delay (in milliseconds)
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param string $action optionally filter by action
-        * @return int
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function getDelay(string $ip, string $action = ''): int {
                $attempts = $this->getAttempts($ip, $action);
@@ -278,54 +236,47 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
        }
 
        /**
-        * Reset the throttling delay for an IP address, action and metadata
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param string $action
-        * @param array $metadata
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function resetDelay(string $ip, string $action, array $metadata): void {
+               // No need to log if the bruteforce protection is disabled
+               if (!$this->config->getSystemValueBool('auth.bruteforce.protection.enabled', true)) {
+                       return;
+               }
+
                $ipAddress = new IpAddress($ip);
                if ($this->isIPWhitelisted((string)$ipAddress)) {
                        return;
                }
 
-               $cutoffTime = $this->getCutoffTimestamp();
-
-               $qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
-               $qb->delete('bruteforce_attempts')
-                       ->where($qb->expr()->gt('occurred', $qb->createNamedParameter($cutoffTime)))
-                       ->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('subnet', $qb->createNamedParameter($ipAddress->getSubnet())))
-                       ->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('action', $qb->createNamedParameter($action)))
-                       ->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('metadata', $qb->createNamedParameter(json_encode($metadata))));
-
-               $qb->executeStatement();
+               $this->backend->resetAttempts(
+                       $ipAddress->getSubnet(),
+                       $action,
+                       $metadata,
+               );
 
                $this->hasAttemptsDeleted[$action] = true;
        }
 
        /**
-        * Reset the throttling delay for an IP address
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function resetDelayForIP(string $ip): void {
-               $cutoffTime = $this->getCutoffTimestamp();
+               // No need to log if the bruteforce protection is disabled
+               if (!$this->config->getSystemValueBool('auth.bruteforce.protection.enabled', true)) {
+                       return;
+               }
 
-               $qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
-               $qb->delete('bruteforce_attempts')
-                       ->where($qb->expr()->gt('occurred', $qb->createNamedParameter($cutoffTime)))
-                       ->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('ip', $qb->createNamedParameter($ip)));
+               $ipAddress = new IpAddress($ip);
+               if ($this->isIPWhitelisted((string)$ipAddress)) {
+                       return;
+               }
 
-               $qb->execute();
+               $this->backend->resetAttempts($ipAddress->getSubnet());
        }
 
        /**
-        * Will sleep for the defined amount of time
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param string $action optionally filter by action
-        * @return int the time spent sleeping
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function sleepDelay(string $ip, string $action = ''): int {
                $delay = $this->getDelay($ip, $action);
@@ -334,13 +285,7 @@ class Throttler implements IThrottler {
        }
 
        /**
-        * Will sleep for the defined amount of time unless maximum was reached in the last 30 minutes
-        * In this case a "429 Too Many Request" exception is thrown
-        *
-        * @param string $ip
-        * @param string $action optionally filter by action
-        * @return int the time spent sleeping
-        * @throws MaxDelayReached when reached the maximum
+        * {@inheritDoc}
         */
        public function sleepDelayOrThrowOnMax(string $ip, string $action = ''): int {
                $delay = $this->getDelay($ip, $action);
index 516dc0b6e8b0c6bd16832078505fbcc5205fb0ef..bb073891d03ab391aa0966ccf015af1c9cd602f2 100644 (file)
@@ -1011,6 +1011,18 @@ class Server extends ServerContainer implements IServerContainer {
                /** @deprecated 19.0.0 */
                $this->registerDeprecatedAlias('Throttler', Throttler::class);
                $this->registerAlias(IThrottler::class, Throttler::class);
+
+               $this->registerService(\OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\IBackend::class, function ($c) {
+                       $config = $c->get(\OCP\IConfig::class);
+                       if (ltrim($config->getSystemValueString('memcache.distributed', ''), '\\') === \OC\Memcache\Redis::class) {
+                               $backend = $c->get(\OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\MemoryCacheBackend::class);
+                       } else {
+                               $backend = $c->get(\OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\DatabaseBackend::class);
+                       }
+
+                       return $backend;
+               });
+
                $this->registerService('IntegrityCodeChecker', function (ContainerInterface $c) {
                        // IConfig and IAppManager requires a working database. This code
                        // might however be called when ownCloud is not yet setup.
index 6f492d6c59dce7f503eba6b102241b189cf7c98c..03c8c56a23cbeec2361598cd226bf03ba454bf37 100644 (file)
@@ -40,16 +40,19 @@ namespace OCP\Security\Bruteforce;
 interface IThrottler {
        /**
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0
         */
        public const MAX_DELAY = 25;
 
        /**
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0
         */
        public const MAX_DELAY_MS = 25000; // in milliseconds
 
        /**
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0
         */
        public const MAX_ATTEMPTS = 10;
 
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ interface IThrottler {
         *
         * @param string $action
         * @param string $ip
-        * @param array $metadata Optional metadata logged to the database
+        * @param array $metadata Optional metadata logged with the attempt
         * @since 25.0.0
         */
        public function registerAttempt(string $action, string $ip, array $metadata = []): void;
@@ -71,9 +74,20 @@ interface IThrottler {
         * @param float $maxAgeHours
         * @return int
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0 This method is considered internal as of Nextcloud 28. Use {@see showBruteforceWarning()} to decide whether a warning should be shown.
         */
        public function getAttempts(string $ip, string $action = '', float $maxAgeHours = 12): int;
 
+       /**
+        * Whether a warning should be shown about the throttle
+        *
+        * @param string $ip
+        * @param string $action optionally filter by action
+        * @return bool
+        * @since 28.0.0
+        */
+       public function showBruteforceWarning(string $ip, string $action = ''): bool;
+
        /**
         * Get the throttling delay (in milliseconds)
         *
@@ -81,6 +95,7 @@ interface IThrottler {
         * @param string $action optionally filter by action
         * @return int
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0 This method is considered internal as of Nextcloud 28. Use {@see showBruteforceWarning()} to decide whether a warning should be shown.
         */
        public function getDelay(string $ip, string $action = ''): int;
 
@@ -99,6 +114,7 @@ interface IThrottler {
         *
         * @param string $ip
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0 This method is considered internal as of Nextcloud 28. Use {@see resetDelay()} and only reset the entries of your action and metadata
         */
        public function resetDelayForIP(string $ip): void;
 
@@ -109,6 +125,7 @@ interface IThrottler {
         * @param string $action optionally filter by action
         * @return int the time spent sleeping
         * @since 25.0.0
+        * @deprecated 28.0.0 Use {@see sleepDelayOrThrowOnMax()} instead and abort handling the request when it throws
         */
        public function sleepDelay(string $ip, string $action = ''): int;
 
diff --git a/tests/lib/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackendTest.php b/tests/lib/Security/Bruteforce/Backend/MemoryCacheBackendTest.php
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..648d862
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2023 Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @author Joas Schilling <coding@schilljs.com>
+ *
+ * @license GNU AGPL version 3 or any later version
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+namespace Test\Security\Bruteforce\Backend;
+
+use OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\IBackend;
+use OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\MemoryCacheBackend;
+use OCP\AppFramework\Utility\ITimeFactory;
+use OCP\ICache;
+use OCP\ICacheFactory;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject;
+use Test\TestCase;
+
+class MemoryCacheBackendTest extends TestCase {
+       /** @var ICacheFactory|MockObject */
+       private $cacheFactory;
+       /** @var ITimeFactory|MockObject */
+       private $timeFactory;
+       /** @var ICache|MockObject */
+       private $cache;
+       private IBackend $backend;
+
+       protected function setUp(): void {
+               parent::setUp();
+
+               $this->cacheFactory = $this->createMock(ICacheFactory::class);
+               $this->timeFactory = $this->createMock(ITimeFactory::class);
+               $this->cache = $this->createMock(ICache::class);
+
+               $this->cacheFactory
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('createDistributed')
+                       ->with('OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\MemoryCacheBackend')
+                       ->willReturn($this->cache);
+
+               $this->backend = new MemoryCacheBackend(
+                       $this->cacheFactory,
+                       $this->timeFactory
+               );
+       }
+
+       public function testGetAttemptsWithNoAttemptsBefore(): void {
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('get')
+                       ->with('8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4')
+                       ->willReturn(null);
+
+               $this->assertSame(0, $this->backend->getAttempts('10.10.10.10/32', 0));
+       }
+
+       public function dataGetAttempts(): array {
+               return [
+                       [0, null, null, 4],
+                       [100, null, null, 2],
+                       [0, 'action1', null, 2],
+                       [100, 'action1', null, 1],
+                       [0, 'action1', ['metadata2'], 1],
+                       [100, 'action1', ['metadata2'], 1],
+                       [100, 'action1', ['metadata1'], 0],
+               ];
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * @dataProvider dataGetAttempts
+        */
+       public function testGetAttempts(int $maxAge, ?string $action, ?array $metadata, int $expected): void {
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('get')
+                       ->with('8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4')
+                       ->willReturn(json_encode([
+                               '1' . '#' . hash('sha1', 'action1') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '300' . '#' . hash('sha1', 'action1') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata2'])),
+                               '1' . '#' . hash('sha1', 'action2') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '300' . '#' . hash('sha1', 'action2') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata2'])),
+                       ]));
+
+               $this->assertSame($expected, $this->backend->getAttempts('10.10.10.10/32', $maxAge, $action, $metadata));
+       }
+
+       public function testRegisterAttemptWithNoAttemptsBefore(): void {
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('get')
+                       ->with('8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4')
+                       ->willReturn(null);
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('set')
+                       ->with(
+                               '8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4',
+                               json_encode(['223#' . hash('sha1', 'action1') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1']))])
+                       );
+
+               $this->backend->registerAttempt('10.10.10.10', '10.10.10.10/32', 223, 'action1', ['metadata1']);
+       }
+
+       public function testRegisterAttempt(): void {
+               $this->timeFactory
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('getTime')
+                       ->willReturn(12 * 3600 + 86);
+
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('get')
+                       ->with('8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4')
+                       ->willReturn(json_encode([
+                               '1#' . hash('sha1', 'action1') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '2#' . hash('sha1', 'action2') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '87#' . hash('sha1', 'action3') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '123#' . hash('sha1', 'action4') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '123#' . hash('sha1', 'action5') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                               '124#' . hash('sha1', 'action6') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                       ]));
+               $this->cache
+                       ->expects($this->once())
+                       ->method('set')
+                       ->with(
+                               '8b9da631d1f7b022bb2c3c489e16092f82b42fd4',
+                               json_encode([
+                                       '87#' . hash('sha1', 'action3') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                                       '123#' . hash('sha1', 'action4') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                                       '123#' . hash('sha1', 'action5') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                                       '124#' . hash('sha1', 'action6') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata1'])),
+                                       '186#' . hash('sha1', 'action7') . '#' . hash('sha1', json_encode(['metadata2'])),
+                               ])
+                       );
+
+               $this->backend->registerAttempt('10.10.10.10', '10.10.10.10/32', 186, 'action7', ['metadata2']);
+       }
+}
index f23b15a06d70a180e5df428d71df72df9a34f78d..e7fd12645e1c0fb3796f4c78da2eab8d94c0caf7 100644 (file)
@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Test\Security\Bruteforce;
 
-use OC\AppFramework\Utility\TimeFactory;
+use OC\Security\Bruteforce\Backend\DatabaseBackend;
 use OC\Security\Bruteforce\Throttler;
+use OCP\AppFramework\Utility\ITimeFactory;
 use OCP\IConfig;
 use OCP\IDBConnection;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
@@ -42,6 +43,8 @@ class ThrottlerTest extends TestCase {
        private $throttler;
        /** @var IDBConnection */
        private $dbConnection;
+       /** @var ITimeFactory */
+       private $timeFactory;
        /** @var LoggerInterface */
        private $logger;
        /** @var IConfig|\PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject */
@@ -49,37 +52,19 @@ class ThrottlerTest extends TestCase {
 
        protected function setUp(): void {
                $this->dbConnection = $this->createMock(IDBConnection::class);
+               $this->timeFactory = $this->createMock(ITimeFactory::class);
                $this->logger = $this->createMock(LoggerInterface::class);
                $this->config = $this->createMock(IConfig::class);
 
                $this->throttler = new Throttler(
-                       $this->dbConnection,
-                       new TimeFactory(),
+                       $this->timeFactory,
                        $this->logger,
-                       $this->config
+                       $this->config,
+                       new DatabaseBackend($this->dbConnection)
                );
                parent::setUp();
        }
 
-       public function testCutoff() {
-               // precisely 31 second shy of 12 hours
-               $cutoff = self::invokePrivate($this->throttler, 'getCutoff', [43169]);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->y);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->m);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->d);
-               $this->assertSame(11, $cutoff->h);
-               $this->assertSame(59, $cutoff->i);
-               $this->assertSame(29, $cutoff->s);
-               $cutoff = self::invokePrivate($this->throttler, 'getCutoff', [86401]);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->y);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->m);
-               $this->assertSame(1, $cutoff->d);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->h);
-               $this->assertSame(0, $cutoff->i);
-               // Leap second tolerance:
-               $this->assertLessThan(2, $cutoff->s);
-       }
-
        public function dataIsIPWhitelisted() {
                return [
                        [