Reformat project with default IntelliJ settings

1 files changed, 829 insertions, 841 deletions

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/iciql/Db.java b/src/main/java/com/iciql/Db.java
index d0756bc..24396a4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/iciql/Db.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/iciql/Db.java
@@ -19,6 +19,18 @@
 
 package com.iciql;
 
+import com.iciql.DbUpgrader.DefaultDbUpgrader;
+import com.iciql.Iciql.IQTable;
+import com.iciql.Iciql.IQVersion;
+import com.iciql.Iciql.IQView;
+import com.iciql.Iciql.Mode;
+import com.iciql.util.IciqlLogger;
+import com.iciql.util.JdbcUtils;
+import com.iciql.util.StringUtils;
+import com.iciql.util.Utils;
+import com.iciql.util.WeakIdentityHashMap;
+
+import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.sql.Connection;
 import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
 import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
@@ -35,851 +47,827 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-import javax.sql.DataSource;
-
-import com.iciql.DbUpgrader.DefaultDbUpgrader;
-import com.iciql.Iciql.IQTable;
-import com.iciql.Iciql.IQVersion;
-import com.iciql.Iciql.IQView;
-import com.iciql.Iciql.Mode;
-import com.iciql.util.IciqlLogger;
-import com.iciql.util.JdbcUtils;
-import com.iciql.util.StringUtils;
-import com.iciql.util.Utils;
-import com.iciql.util.WeakIdentityHashMap;
-
 /**
  * This class represents a connection to a database.
  */
 
 public class Db implements AutoCloseable {
 
-	/**
-	 * This map It holds unique tokens that are generated by functions such as
-	 * Function.sum(..) in "db.from(p).select(Function.sum(p.unitPrice))". It
-	 * doesn't actually hold column tokens, as those are bound to the query
-	 * itself.
-	 */
-	private static final Map<Object, Token> TOKENS;
-
-	private static final Map<String, Class<? extends SQLDialect>> DIALECTS;
-
-	private final Connection conn;
-	private final Mode mode;
-	private final Map<Class<?>, TableDefinition<?>> classMap = Collections
-			.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Class<?>, TableDefinition<?>>());
-	private final SQLDialect dialect;
-	private DbUpgrader dbUpgrader = new DefaultDbUpgrader();
-	private final Set<Class<?>> upgradeChecked = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<Class<?>>());
-
-	private boolean skipCreate;
-	private boolean autoSavePoint = true;
-	private DaoStatementProvider daoStatementProvider;
-
-	static {
-		TOKENS = Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakIdentityHashMap<Object, Token>());
-		DIALECTS = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, Class<? extends SQLDialect>>());
-		// can register by...
-		// 1. Connection class name
-		// 2. DatabaseMetaData.getDatabaseProductName()
-		DIALECTS.put("Apache Derby", SQLDialectDerby.class);
-		DIALECTS.put("H2", SQLDialectH2.class);
-		DIALECTS.put("HSQL Database Engine", SQLDialectHSQL.class);
-		DIALECTS.put("MySQL", SQLDialectMySQL.class);
-		DIALECTS.put("PostgreSQL", SQLDialectPostgreSQL.class);
-	    DIALECTS.put("Microsoft SQL Server", SQLDialectMSSQL.class);
-	    DIALECTS.put("SQLite", SQLDialectSQLite.class);
-	}
-
-	private Db(Connection conn, Mode mode) {
-		this.conn = conn;
-		this.mode = mode;
-		String databaseName = null;
-		try {
-			DatabaseMetaData data = conn.getMetaData();
-			databaseName = data.getDatabaseProductName();
-		} catch (SQLException s) {
-			throw new IciqlException(s, "failed to retrieve database metadata!");
-		}
-		dialect = getDialect(databaseName, conn.getClass().getName());
-		dialect.configureDialect(this);
-		daoStatementProvider = new NoExternalDaoStatements();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Register a new/custom dialect class. You can use this method to replace
-	 * any existing dialect or to add a new one.
-	 *
-	 * @param token
-	 *            the fully qualified name of the connection class or the
-	 *            expected result of DatabaseMetaData.getDatabaseProductName()
-	 * @param dialectClass
-	 *            the dialect class to register
-	 */
-	public static void registerDialect(String token, Class<? extends SQLDialect> dialectClass) {
-		DIALECTS.put(token, dialectClass);
-	}
-
-	SQLDialect getDialect(String databaseName, String className) {
-		Class<? extends SQLDialect> dialectClass = null;
-		if (DIALECTS.containsKey(className)) {
-			// dialect registered by connection class name
-			dialectClass = DIALECTS.get(className);
-		} else if (DIALECTS.containsKey(databaseName)) {
-			// dialect registered by database name
-			dialectClass = DIALECTS.get(databaseName);
-		} else {
-			// did not find a match, use default
-			dialectClass = SQLDialectDefault.class;
-		}
-		return instance(dialectClass);
-	}
-
-	static <X> X registerToken(X x, Token token) {
-		TOKENS.put(x, token);
-		return x;
-	}
-
-	static <X> boolean isToken(X x) {
-		return TOKENS.containsKey(x);
-	}
-
-	static Token getToken(Object x) {
-		return TOKENS.get(x);
-	}
-
-	static <T> T instance(Class<T> clazz) {
-		try {
-			return clazz.newInstance();
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url) {
-		return open(url, Mode.PROD);
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url, Mode mode) {
-		try {
-			Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, null, null);
-			return new Db(conn, mode);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url, String user, String password) {
-		return open(url, user, password, Mode.PROD);
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url, String user, String password, Mode mode) {
-		try {
-			Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, user, password);
-			return new Db(conn, mode);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url, String user, char[] password) {
-		return open(url, user, password, Mode.PROD);
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(String url, String user, char[] password, Mode mode) {
-		try {
-			Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, user, password == null ? null : new String(password));
-			return new Db(conn, mode);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(DataSource ds) {
-		return open(ds, Mode.PROD);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Create a new database instance using a data source. This method is fast,
-	 * so that you can always call open() / close() on usage.
-	 *
-	 * @param ds
-	 *            the data source
-	 * @param mode
-	 *            the runtime mode
-	 * @return the database instance.
-	 */
-	public static Db open(DataSource ds, Mode mode) {
-		try {
-			return new Db(ds.getConnection(), mode);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(Connection conn) {
-		return open(conn, Mode.PROD);
-	}
-
-	public static Db open(Connection conn, Mode mode) {
-		return new Db(conn, mode);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the Iciql runtime mode.
-	 *
-	 * @return the runtime mode
-	 */
-	public Mode getMode() {
-		return mode;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a new DAO instance for the specified class.
-	 *
-	 * @param daoClass
-	 * @return
-	 * @throws Exception
-	 */
-	@SuppressWarnings("resource")
-	public <X extends Dao> X open(Class<X> daoClass) {
-		return new DaoProxy<X>(this, daoClass).build();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the DAO statement provider.
-	 *
-	 * @return the DAO statement provider
-	 */
-	public DaoStatementProvider getDaoStatementProvider() {
-		return daoStatementProvider;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Sets the DAO statement provider.
-	 *
-	 * @param statementProvider
-	 */
-	public void setDaoStatementProvider(DaoStatementProvider statementProvider) {
-		if (statementProvider == null) {
-			throw new IciqlException("You must provide a valid {0} instance!",
-					DaoStatementProvider.class.getSimpleName());
-		}
-
-		this.daoStatementProvider = statementProvider;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Convenience function to avoid import statements in application code.
-	 */
-	public void activateConsoleLogger() {
-		IciqlLogger.activateConsoleLogger();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Convenience function to avoid import statements in application code.
-	 */
-	public void deactivateConsoleLogger() {
-		IciqlLogger.deactivateConsoleLogger();
-	}
-
-	public <T> boolean insert(T t) {
-		Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
-		long rc = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).insert(this, t, false);
-		if (rc == 0) {
-			throw new IciqlException("Failed to insert {0}.  Affected rowcount == 0.", t);
-		}
-		return rc == 1;
-	}
-
-	public <T> long insertAndGetKey(T t) {
-		Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
-		return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).insert(this, t, true);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Upsert INSERTS if the record does not exist or UPDATES the record if it
-	 * does exist. Not all databases support MERGE and the syntax varies with
-	 * the database.
-	 *
-	 * If the database does not support a MERGE or INSERT OR REPLACE INTO syntax
-	 * the dialect can try to simulate a merge by implementing:
-	 * <p>
-	 * INSERT INTO foo... (SELECT ?,... FROM foo WHERE pk=? HAVING count(*)=0)
-	 * <p>
-	 * iciql will check the affected row count returned by the internal merge
-	 * method and if the affected row count = 0, it will issue an update.
-	 * <p>
-	 * See the Derby dialect for an implementation of this technique.
-	 * <p>
-	 * If the dialect does not support merge an IciqlException will be thrown.
-	 *
-	 * @param t
-	 */
-	public <T> void upsert(T t) {
-		Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
-		TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-		int rc = def.merge(this, t);
-		if (rc == 0) {
-			rc = def.update(this, t);
-		}
-		if (rc == 0) {
-			throw new IciqlException("upsert failed");
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Merge INSERTS if the record does not exist or UPDATES the record if it
-	 * does exist. Not all databases support MERGE and the syntax varies with
-	 * the database.
-	 *
-	 * If the database does not support a MERGE or INSERT OR REPLACE INTO syntax
-	 * the dialect can try to simulate a merge by implementing:
-	 * <p>
-	 * INSERT INTO foo... (SELECT ?,... FROM foo WHERE pk=? HAVING count(*)=0)
-	 * <p>
-	 * iciql will check the affected row count returned by the internal merge
-	 * method and if the affected row count = 0, it will issue an update.
-	 * <p>
-	 * See the Derby dialect for an implementation of this technique.
-	 * <p>
-	 * If the dialect does not support merge an IciqlException will be thrown.
-	 *
-	 * @param t
-	 */
-	public <T> void merge(T t) {
-		upsert(t);
-	}
-
-	public <T> boolean update(T t) {
-		Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
-		return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).update(this, t) == 1;
-	}
-
-	public <T> boolean delete(T t) {
-		Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
-		return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).delete(this, t) == 1;
-	}
-
-	public <T extends Object> Query<T> from(T alias) {
-		Class<?> clazz = alias.getClass();
-		define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-		return Query.from(this, alias);
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	public <T> boolean dropTable(Class<? extends T> modelClass) {
-		TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
-		SQLStatement stat = new SQLStatement(this);
-		getDialect().prepareDropTable(stat, def);
-		IciqlLogger.drop(stat.getSQL());
-		int rc = 0;
-		try {
-			rc = stat.executeUpdate();
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			if (e.getIciqlCode() != IciqlException.CODE_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND) {
-				throw e;
-			}
-		}
-		// remove this model class from the table definition cache
-		classMap.remove(modelClass);
-		// remove this model class from the upgrade checked cache
-		upgradeChecked.remove(modelClass);
-		return rc == 1;
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	public <T> boolean dropView(Class<? extends T> modelClass) {
-		TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
-		SQLStatement stat = new SQLStatement(this);
-		getDialect().prepareDropView(stat, def);
-		IciqlLogger.drop(stat.getSQL());
-		int rc = 0;
-		try {
-			rc = stat.executeUpdate();
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			if (e.getIciqlCode() != IciqlException.CODE_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND) {
-				throw e;
-			}
-		}
-		// remove this model class from the table definition cache
-		classMap.remove(modelClass);
-		// remove this model class from the upgrade checked cache
-		upgradeChecked.remove(modelClass);
-		return rc == 1;
-	}
-
-	public <T> List<T> buildObjects(Class<? extends T> modelClass, ResultSet rs) {
-		return buildObjects(modelClass, false, rs);
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	public <T> List<T> buildObjects(Class<? extends T> modelClass, boolean wildcardSelect, ResultSet rs) {
-		List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
-		TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
-		try {
-			// SQLite returns pre-closed ResultSets for query results with 0 rows
-			if (!rs.isClosed()) {
-				int[] columns = def.mapColumns(dialect, wildcardSelect, rs);
-				while (rs.next()) {
-					T item = Utils.newObject(modelClass);
-					def.readRow(dialect, item, rs, columns);
-					result.add(item);
-				}
-			}
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-		return result;
-	}
-
-	Db upgradeDb() {
-		if (!upgradeChecked.contains(dbUpgrader.getClass())) {
-			// flag as checked immediately because calls are nested.
-			upgradeChecked.add(dbUpgrader.getClass());
-
-			IQVersion model = dbUpgrader.getClass().getAnnotation(IQVersion.class);
-			if (model.value() == 0) {
-				// try superclass
-				Class<?> superClass = dbUpgrader.getClass().getSuperclass();
-				if (superClass.isAnnotationPresent(IQVersion.class)) {
-					model = superClass.getAnnotation(IQVersion.class);
-				}
-			}
-			if (model.value() > 0) {
-				DbVersion v = new DbVersion();
-				// (SCHEMA="" && TABLE="") == DATABASE
-				DbVersion dbVersion = from(v).where(v.schemaName).is("").and(v.tableName).is("")
-						.selectFirst();
-				if (dbVersion == null) {
-					// database has no version registration, but model specifies
-					// version: insert DbVersion entry and return.
-					DbVersion newDb = new DbVersion(model.value());
-					// database is an older version than the model
-					boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeDatabase(this, 0, newDb.version);
-					if (success) {
-						insert(newDb);
-					}
-				} else {
-					// database has a version registration:
-					// check to see if upgrade is required.
-					if ((model.value() > dbVersion.version) && (dbUpgrader != null)) {
-						// database is an older version than the model
-						boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeDatabase(this, dbVersion.version, model.value());
-						if (success) {
-							dbVersion.version = model.value();
-							update(dbVersion);
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return this;
-	}
-
-	<T> void upgradeTable(TableDefinition<T> model) {
-		if (!upgradeChecked.contains(model.getModelClass())) {
-			// flag is checked immediately because calls are nested
-			upgradeChecked.add(model.getModelClass());
-
-			if (model.tableVersion > 0) {
-				// table is using iciql version tracking.
-				DbVersion v = new DbVersion();
-				String schema = StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(model.schemaName) ? "" : model.schemaName;
-				DbVersion dbVersion = from(v).where(v.schemaName).is(schema).and(v.tableName)
-						.is(model.tableName).selectFirst();
-				if (dbVersion == null) {
-					// table has no version registration, but model specifies
-					// version: insert DbVersion entry
-					DbVersion newTable = new DbVersion(model.tableVersion);
-					newTable.schemaName = schema;
-					newTable.tableName = model.tableName;
-					insert(newTable);
-				} else {
-					// table has a version registration:
-					// check if upgrade is required
-					if ((model.tableVersion > dbVersion.version) && (dbUpgrader != null)) {
-						// table is an older version than model
-						boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeTable(this, schema, model.tableName,
-								dbVersion.version, model.tableVersion);
-						if (success) {
-							dbVersion.version = model.tableVersion;
-							update(dbVersion);
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	<T> TableDefinition<T> define(Class<T> clazz) {
-		TableDefinition<T> def = getTableDefinition(clazz);
-		if (def == null) {
-			upgradeDb();
-			def = new TableDefinition<T>(clazz);
-			def.mapFields(this);
-			classMap.put(clazz, def);
-			if (Iciql.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
-				T t = instance(clazz);
-				Iciql table = (Iciql) t;
-				Define.define(def, table);
-			} else if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(IQTable.class)) {
-				// annotated classes skip the Define().define() static
-				// initializer
-				T t = instance(clazz);
-				def.mapObject(t);
-			} else if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(IQView.class)) {
-				// annotated classes skip the Define().define() static
-				// initializer
-				T t = instance(clazz);
-				def.mapObject(t);
-			}
-		}
-		return def;
-	}
-
-	<T> boolean hasCreated(Class<T> clazz) {
-		return upgradeChecked.contains(clazz);
-	}
-
-	public synchronized void setDbUpgrader(DbUpgrader upgrader) {
-		if (!upgrader.getClass().isAnnotationPresent(IQVersion.class)) {
-			throw new IciqlException("DbUpgrader must be annotated with " + IQVersion.class.getSimpleName());
-		}
-		this.dbUpgrader = upgrader;
-		upgradeChecked.clear();
-	}
-
-	public SQLDialect getDialect() {
-		return dialect;
-	}
-
-	public Connection getConnection() {
-		return conn;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	public void close() {
-		try {
-			conn.close();
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public <A> TestCondition<A> test(A x) {
-		return new TestCondition<A>(x);
-	}
-
-	public <T> void insertAll(List<T> list) {
-		if (list.size() == 0) {
-			return;
-		}
-		Savepoint savepoint = null;
-		try {
-			Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
-			TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-			savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
-			for (T t : list) {
-				PreparedStatement ps = def.createInsertStatement(this, t, false);
-				int rc = ps.executeUpdate();
-				if (rc == 0) {
-					throw new IciqlException("Failed to insert {0}.  Affected rowcount == 0.", t);
-				}
-			}
-			commit(savepoint);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			rollback(savepoint);
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			rollback(savepoint);
-			throw e;
-		}
-	}
-
-	public <T> List<Long> insertAllAndGetKeys(List<T> list) {
-		List<Long> identities = new ArrayList<Long>();
-		if (list.size() == 0) {
-			return identities;
-		}
-		Savepoint savepoint = null;
-		try {
-			Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
-			TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-			savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
-			for (T t : list) {
-				long key = def.insert(this,  t, true);
-				identities.add(key);
-			}
-			commit(savepoint);
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			rollback(savepoint);
-			throw e;
-		}
-		return identities;
-	}
-
-	public <T> void updateAll(List<T> list) {
-		if (list.size() == 0) {
-			return;
-		}
-		Savepoint savepoint = null;
-		try {
-			Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
-			TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-			savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
-			for (T t : list) {
-				def.update(this, t);
-			}
-			commit(savepoint);
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			rollback(savepoint);
-			throw e;
-		}
-	}
-
-	public <T> void deleteAll(List<T> list) {
-		if (list.size() == 0) {
-			return;
-		}
-		Savepoint savepoint = null;
-		try {
-			Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
-			TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
-			savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
-			for (T t : list) {
-				def.delete(this,  t);
-			}
-			commit(savepoint);
-		} catch (IciqlException e) {
-			rollback(savepoint);
-			throw e;
-		}
-	}
-
-	PreparedStatement prepare(String sql, boolean returnGeneratedKeys) {
-		IciqlException.checkUnmappedField(sql);
-		try {
-			if (returnGeneratedKeys) {
-				return conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
-			}
-			return conn.prepareStatement(sql);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw IciqlException.fromSQL(sql, e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	Savepoint prepareSavepoint() {
-		// don't change auto-commit mode.
-		// don't create save point.
-		if (!autoSavePoint || !dialect.supportsSavePoints()) {
-			return null;
-		}
-		// create a savepoint
-		Savepoint savepoint = null;
-		try {
-			conn.setAutoCommit(false);
-			savepoint = conn.setSavepoint();
-		} catch (SQLFeatureNotSupportedException e) {
-			// jdbc driver does not support save points
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e, "Could not create save point");
-		}
-		return savepoint;
-	}
-
-	void commit(Savepoint savepoint) {
-		if (savepoint != null) {
-			try {
-				conn.commit();
-				conn.setAutoCommit(true);
-			} catch (SQLException e) {
-				throw new IciqlException(e, "Failed to commit pending transactions");
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	void rollback(Savepoint savepoint) {
-		if (savepoint != null) {
-			try {
-				conn.rollback(savepoint);
-				conn.setAutoCommit(true);
-			} catch (SQLException s) {
-				throw new IciqlException(s, "Failed to rollback transactions");
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-	<T> TableDefinition<T> getTableDefinition(Class<T> clazz) {
-		return (TableDefinition<T>) classMap.get(clazz);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Run a SQL query directly against the database.
-	 *
-	 * Be sure to close the ResultSet with
-	 *
-	 * <pre>
-	 * JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
-	 * </pre>
-	 *
-	 * @param sql
-	 *            the SQL statement
-	 * @param args
-	 *            optional object arguments for x=? tokens in query
-	 * @return the result set
-	 */
-	public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, List<?> args) {
-		return executeQuery(sql, args.toArray());
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Run a SQL query directly against the database.
-	 *
-	 * Be sure to close the ResultSet with
-	 *
-	 * <pre>
-	 * JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
-	 * </pre>
-	 *
-	 * @param sql
-	 *            the SQL statement
-	 * @param args
-	 *            optional object arguments for x=? tokens in query
-	 * @return the result set
-	 */
-	public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object... args) {
-		try {
-			if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
-				return conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql);
-			} else {
-				PreparedStatement stat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
-				int i = 1;
-				for (Object arg : args) {
-					stat.setObject(i++, arg);
-				}
-				return stat.executeQuery();
-			}
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Run a SQL query directly against the database and map the results to the
-	 * model class.
-	 *
-	 * @param modelClass
-	 *            the model class to bind the query ResultSet rows into.
-	 * @param sql
-	 *            the SQL statement
-	 * @return the result set
-	 */
-	public <T> List<T> executeQuery(Class<? extends T> modelClass, String sql, List<?> args) {
-		return executeQuery(modelClass, sql, args.toArray());
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Run a SQL query directly against the database and map the results to the
-	 * model class.
-	 *
-	 * @param modelClass
-	 *            the model class to bind the query ResultSet rows into.
-	 * @param sql
-	 *            the SQL statement
-	 * @return the result set
-	 */
-	public <T> List<T> executeQuery(Class<? extends T> modelClass, String sql, Object... args) {
-		ResultSet rs = null;
-		try {
-			if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
-				rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql);
-			} else {
-				PreparedStatement stat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
-				int i = 1;
-				for (Object arg : args) {
-					stat.setObject(i++, arg);
-				}
-				rs = stat.executeQuery();
-			}
-			boolean wildcardSelect = sql.toLowerCase().matches("select .*\\*.+");
-			return buildObjects(modelClass, wildcardSelect, rs);
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		} finally {
-			JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Run a SQL statement directly against the database.
-	 *
-	 * @param sql
-	 *            the SQL statement
-	 * @return the update count
-	 */
-	public int executeUpdate(String sql, Object... args) {
-		Statement stat = null;
-		try {
-			int updateCount;
-			if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
-				stat = conn.createStatement();
-				updateCount = stat.executeUpdate(sql);
-			} else {
-				PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
-				int i = 1;
-				for (Object arg : args) {
-					ps.setObject(i++, arg);
-				}
-				updateCount = ps.executeUpdate();
-				stat = ps;
-			}
-			return updateCount;
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
-			throw new IciqlException(e);
-		} finally {
-			JdbcUtils.closeSilently(stat);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Allow to enable/disable globally createIfRequired in TableDefinition.
-	 * For advanced user wanting to gain full control of transactions.
-	 * Default value is false.
-	 * @param skipCreate
-	 */
-	public void setSkipCreate(boolean skipCreate) {
-		this.skipCreate = skipCreate;
-	}
-
-	public boolean getSkipCreate() {
-		return this.skipCreate;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Allow to enable/disable usage of save point.
-	 * For advanced user wanting to gain full control of transactions.
-	 * Default value is false.
-	 * @param autoSavePoint
-	 */
-	public void setAutoSavePoint(boolean autoSavePoint) {
-		this.autoSavePoint = autoSavePoint;
-	}
-
-	public boolean getAutoSavePoint() {
-		return this.autoSavePoint;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Default DAO statement provider.
-	 */
-	class NoExternalDaoStatements implements DaoStatementProvider {
-
-		@Override
-		public String getStatement(String idOrStatement, Mode mode) {
-			return idOrStatement;
-		}
-
-	}
+    /**
+     * This map It holds unique tokens that are generated by functions such as
+     * Function.sum(..) in "db.from(p).select(Function.sum(p.unitPrice))". It
+     * doesn't actually hold column tokens, as those are bound to the query
+     * itself.
+     */
+    private static final Map<Object, Token> TOKENS;
+
+    private static final Map<String, Class<? extends SQLDialect>> DIALECTS;
+
+    private final Connection conn;
+    private final Mode mode;
+    private final Map<Class<?>, TableDefinition<?>> classMap = Collections
+            .synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Class<?>, TableDefinition<?>>());
+    private final SQLDialect dialect;
+    private DbUpgrader dbUpgrader = new DefaultDbUpgrader();
+    private final Set<Class<?>> upgradeChecked = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<Class<?>>());
+
+    private boolean skipCreate;
+    private boolean autoSavePoint = true;
+    private DaoStatementProvider daoStatementProvider;
+
+    static {
+        TOKENS = Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakIdentityHashMap<Object, Token>());
+        DIALECTS = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, Class<? extends SQLDialect>>());
+        // can register by...
+        // 1. Connection class name
+        // 2. DatabaseMetaData.getDatabaseProductName()
+        DIALECTS.put("Apache Derby", SQLDialectDerby.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("H2", SQLDialectH2.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("HSQL Database Engine", SQLDialectHSQL.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("MySQL", SQLDialectMySQL.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("PostgreSQL", SQLDialectPostgreSQL.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("Microsoft SQL Server", SQLDialectMSSQL.class);
+        DIALECTS.put("SQLite", SQLDialectSQLite.class);
+    }
+
+    private Db(Connection conn, Mode mode) {
+        this.conn = conn;
+        this.mode = mode;
+        String databaseName = null;
+        try {
+            DatabaseMetaData data = conn.getMetaData();
+            databaseName = data.getDatabaseProductName();
+        } catch (SQLException s) {
+            throw new IciqlException(s, "failed to retrieve database metadata!");
+        }
+        dialect = getDialect(databaseName, conn.getClass().getName());
+        dialect.configureDialect(this);
+        daoStatementProvider = new NoExternalDaoStatements();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Register a new/custom dialect class. You can use this method to replace
+     * any existing dialect or to add a new one.
+     *
+     * @param token        the fully qualified name of the connection class or the
+     *                     expected result of DatabaseMetaData.getDatabaseProductName()
+     * @param dialectClass the dialect class to register
+     */
+    public static void registerDialect(String token, Class<? extends SQLDialect> dialectClass) {
+        DIALECTS.put(token, dialectClass);
+    }
+
+    SQLDialect getDialect(String databaseName, String className) {
+        Class<? extends SQLDialect> dialectClass = null;
+        if (DIALECTS.containsKey(className)) {
+            // dialect registered by connection class name
+            dialectClass = DIALECTS.get(className);
+        } else if (DIALECTS.containsKey(databaseName)) {
+            // dialect registered by database name
+            dialectClass = DIALECTS.get(databaseName);
+        } else {
+            // did not find a match, use default
+            dialectClass = SQLDialectDefault.class;
+        }
+        return instance(dialectClass);
+    }
+
+    static <X> X registerToken(X x, Token token) {
+        TOKENS.put(x, token);
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    static <X> boolean isToken(X x) {
+        return TOKENS.containsKey(x);
+    }
+
+    static Token getToken(Object x) {
+        return TOKENS.get(x);
+    }
+
+    static <T> T instance(Class<T> clazz) {
+        try {
+            return clazz.newInstance();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url) {
+        return open(url, Mode.PROD);
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url, Mode mode) {
+        try {
+            Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, null, null);
+            return new Db(conn, mode);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url, String user, String password) {
+        return open(url, user, password, Mode.PROD);
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url, String user, String password, Mode mode) {
+        try {
+            Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, user, password);
+            return new Db(conn, mode);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url, String user, char[] password) {
+        return open(url, user, password, Mode.PROD);
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(String url, String user, char[] password, Mode mode) {
+        try {
+            Connection conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(null, url, user, password == null ? null : new String(password));
+            return new Db(conn, mode);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(DataSource ds) {
+        return open(ds, Mode.PROD);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a new database instance using a data source. This method is fast,
+     * so that you can always call open() / close() on usage.
+     *
+     * @param ds   the data source
+     * @param mode the runtime mode
+     * @return the database instance.
+     */
+    public static Db open(DataSource ds, Mode mode) {
+        try {
+            return new Db(ds.getConnection(), mode);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(Connection conn) {
+        return open(conn, Mode.PROD);
+    }
+
+    public static Db open(Connection conn, Mode mode) {
+        return new Db(conn, mode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the Iciql runtime mode.
+     *
+     * @return the runtime mode
+     */
+    public Mode getMode() {
+        return mode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new DAO instance for the specified class.
+     *
+     * @param daoClass
+     * @return
+     * @throws Exception
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
+    public <X extends Dao> X open(Class<X> daoClass) {
+        return new DaoProxy<X>(this, daoClass).build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the DAO statement provider.
+     *
+     * @return the DAO statement provider
+     */
+    public DaoStatementProvider getDaoStatementProvider() {
+        return daoStatementProvider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the DAO statement provider.
+     *
+     * @param statementProvider
+     */
+    public void setDaoStatementProvider(DaoStatementProvider statementProvider) {
+        if (statementProvider == null) {
+            throw new IciqlException("You must provide a valid {0} instance!",
+                    DaoStatementProvider.class.getSimpleName());
+        }
+
+        this.daoStatementProvider = statementProvider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to avoid import statements in application code.
+     */
+    public void activateConsoleLogger() {
+        IciqlLogger.activateConsoleLogger();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to avoid import statements in application code.
+     */
+    public void deactivateConsoleLogger() {
+        IciqlLogger.deactivateConsoleLogger();
+    }
+
+    public <T> boolean insert(T t) {
+        Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
+        long rc = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).insert(this, t, false);
+        if (rc == 0) {
+            throw new IciqlException("Failed to insert {0}.  Affected rowcount == 0.", t);
+        }
+        return rc == 1;
+    }
+
+    public <T> long insertAndGetKey(T t) {
+        Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
+        return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).insert(this, t, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Upsert INSERTS if the record does not exist or UPDATES the record if it
+     * does exist. Not all databases support MERGE and the syntax varies with
+     * the database.
+     * <p>
+     * If the database does not support a MERGE or INSERT OR REPLACE INTO syntax
+     * the dialect can try to simulate a merge by implementing:
+     * <p>
+     * INSERT INTO foo... (SELECT ?,... FROM foo WHERE pk=? HAVING count(*)=0)
+     * <p>
+     * iciql will check the affected row count returned by the internal merge
+     * method and if the affected row count = 0, it will issue an update.
+     * <p>
+     * See the Derby dialect for an implementation of this technique.
+     * <p>
+     * If the dialect does not support merge an IciqlException will be thrown.
+     *
+     * @param t
+     */
+    public <T> void upsert(T t) {
+        Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
+        TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+        int rc = def.merge(this, t);
+        if (rc == 0) {
+            rc = def.update(this, t);
+        }
+        if (rc == 0) {
+            throw new IciqlException("upsert failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Merge INSERTS if the record does not exist or UPDATES the record if it
+     * does exist. Not all databases support MERGE and the syntax varies with
+     * the database.
+     * <p>
+     * If the database does not support a MERGE or INSERT OR REPLACE INTO syntax
+     * the dialect can try to simulate a merge by implementing:
+     * <p>
+     * INSERT INTO foo... (SELECT ?,... FROM foo WHERE pk=? HAVING count(*)=0)
+     * <p>
+     * iciql will check the affected row count returned by the internal merge
+     * method and if the affected row count = 0, it will issue an update.
+     * <p>
+     * See the Derby dialect for an implementation of this technique.
+     * <p>
+     * If the dialect does not support merge an IciqlException will be thrown.
+     *
+     * @param t
+     */
+    public <T> void merge(T t) {
+        upsert(t);
+    }
+
+    public <T> boolean update(T t) {
+        Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
+        return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).update(this, t) == 1;
+    }
+
+    public <T> boolean delete(T t) {
+        Class<?> clazz = t.getClass();
+        return define(clazz).createIfRequired(this).delete(this, t) == 1;
+    }
+
+    public <T extends Object> Query<T> from(T alias) {
+        Class<?> clazz = alias.getClass();
+        define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+        return Query.from(this, alias);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public <T> boolean dropTable(Class<? extends T> modelClass) {
+        TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
+        SQLStatement stat = new SQLStatement(this);
+        getDialect().prepareDropTable(stat, def);
+        IciqlLogger.drop(stat.getSQL());
+        int rc = 0;
+        try {
+            rc = stat.executeUpdate();
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            if (e.getIciqlCode() != IciqlException.CODE_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+        }
+        // remove this model class from the table definition cache
+        classMap.remove(modelClass);
+        // remove this model class from the upgrade checked cache
+        upgradeChecked.remove(modelClass);
+        return rc == 1;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public <T> boolean dropView(Class<? extends T> modelClass) {
+        TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
+        SQLStatement stat = new SQLStatement(this);
+        getDialect().prepareDropView(stat, def);
+        IciqlLogger.drop(stat.getSQL());
+        int rc = 0;
+        try {
+            rc = stat.executeUpdate();
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            if (e.getIciqlCode() != IciqlException.CODE_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+        }
+        // remove this model class from the table definition cache
+        classMap.remove(modelClass);
+        // remove this model class from the upgrade checked cache
+        upgradeChecked.remove(modelClass);
+        return rc == 1;
+    }
+
+    public <T> List<T> buildObjects(Class<? extends T> modelClass, ResultSet rs) {
+        return buildObjects(modelClass, false, rs);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public <T> List<T> buildObjects(Class<? extends T> modelClass, boolean wildcardSelect, ResultSet rs) {
+        List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
+        TableDefinition<T> def = (TableDefinition<T>) define(modelClass);
+        try {
+            // SQLite returns pre-closed ResultSets for query results with 0 rows
+            if (!rs.isClosed()) {
+                int[] columns = def.mapColumns(dialect, wildcardSelect, rs);
+                while (rs.next()) {
+                    T item = Utils.newObject(modelClass);
+                    def.readRow(dialect, item, rs, columns);
+                    result.add(item);
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    Db upgradeDb() {
+        if (!upgradeChecked.contains(dbUpgrader.getClass())) {
+            // flag as checked immediately because calls are nested.
+            upgradeChecked.add(dbUpgrader.getClass());
+
+            IQVersion model = dbUpgrader.getClass().getAnnotation(IQVersion.class);
+            if (model.value() == 0) {
+                // try superclass
+                Class<?> superClass = dbUpgrader.getClass().getSuperclass();
+                if (superClass.isAnnotationPresent(IQVersion.class)) {
+                    model = superClass.getAnnotation(IQVersion.class);
+                }
+            }
+            if (model.value() > 0) {
+                DbVersion v = new DbVersion();
+                // (SCHEMA="" && TABLE="") == DATABASE
+                DbVersion dbVersion = from(v).where(v.schemaName).is("").and(v.tableName).is("")
+                        .selectFirst();
+                if (dbVersion == null) {
+                    // database has no version registration, but model specifies
+                    // version: insert DbVersion entry and return.
+                    DbVersion newDb = new DbVersion(model.value());
+                    // database is an older version than the model
+                    boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeDatabase(this, 0, newDb.version);
+                    if (success) {
+                        insert(newDb);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // database has a version registration:
+                    // check to see if upgrade is required.
+                    if ((model.value() > dbVersion.version) && (dbUpgrader != null)) {
+                        // database is an older version than the model
+                        boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeDatabase(this, dbVersion.version, model.value());
+                        if (success) {
+                            dbVersion.version = model.value();
+                            update(dbVersion);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    <T> void upgradeTable(TableDefinition<T> model) {
+        if (!upgradeChecked.contains(model.getModelClass())) {
+            // flag is checked immediately because calls are nested
+            upgradeChecked.add(model.getModelClass());
+
+            if (model.tableVersion > 0) {
+                // table is using iciql version tracking.
+                DbVersion v = new DbVersion();
+                String schema = StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(model.schemaName) ? "" : model.schemaName;
+                DbVersion dbVersion = from(v).where(v.schemaName).is(schema).and(v.tableName)
+                        .is(model.tableName).selectFirst();
+                if (dbVersion == null) {
+                    // table has no version registration, but model specifies
+                    // version: insert DbVersion entry
+                    DbVersion newTable = new DbVersion(model.tableVersion);
+                    newTable.schemaName = schema;
+                    newTable.tableName = model.tableName;
+                    insert(newTable);
+                } else {
+                    // table has a version registration:
+                    // check if upgrade is required
+                    if ((model.tableVersion > dbVersion.version) && (dbUpgrader != null)) {
+                        // table is an older version than model
+                        boolean success = dbUpgrader.upgradeTable(this, schema, model.tableName,
+                                dbVersion.version, model.tableVersion);
+                        if (success) {
+                            dbVersion.version = model.tableVersion;
+                            update(dbVersion);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    <T> TableDefinition<T> define(Class<T> clazz) {
+        TableDefinition<T> def = getTableDefinition(clazz);
+        if (def == null) {
+            upgradeDb();
+            def = new TableDefinition<T>(clazz);
+            def.mapFields(this);
+            classMap.put(clazz, def);
+            if (Iciql.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
+                T t = instance(clazz);
+                Iciql table = (Iciql) t;
+                Define.define(def, table);
+            } else if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(IQTable.class)) {
+                // annotated classes skip the Define().define() static
+                // initializer
+                T t = instance(clazz);
+                def.mapObject(t);
+            } else if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(IQView.class)) {
+                // annotated classes skip the Define().define() static
+                // initializer
+                T t = instance(clazz);
+                def.mapObject(t);
+            }
+        }
+        return def;
+    }
+
+    <T> boolean hasCreated(Class<T> clazz) {
+        return upgradeChecked.contains(clazz);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void setDbUpgrader(DbUpgrader upgrader) {
+        if (!upgrader.getClass().isAnnotationPresent(IQVersion.class)) {
+            throw new IciqlException("DbUpgrader must be annotated with " + IQVersion.class.getSimpleName());
+        }
+        this.dbUpgrader = upgrader;
+        upgradeChecked.clear();
+    }
+
+    public SQLDialect getDialect() {
+        return dialect;
+    }
+
+    public Connection getConnection() {
+        return conn;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        try {
+            conn.close();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public <A> TestCondition<A> test(A x) {
+        return new TestCondition<A>(x);
+    }
+
+    public <T> void insertAll(List<T> list) {
+        if (list.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Savepoint savepoint = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
+            TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+            savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
+            for (T t : list) {
+                PreparedStatement ps = def.createInsertStatement(this, t, false);
+                int rc = ps.executeUpdate();
+                if (rc == 0) {
+                    throw new IciqlException("Failed to insert {0}.  Affected rowcount == 0.", t);
+                }
+            }
+            commit(savepoint);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            rollback(savepoint);
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            rollback(savepoint);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public <T> List<Long> insertAllAndGetKeys(List<T> list) {
+        List<Long> identities = new ArrayList<Long>();
+        if (list.size() == 0) {
+            return identities;
+        }
+        Savepoint savepoint = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
+            TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+            savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
+            for (T t : list) {
+                long key = def.insert(this, t, true);
+                identities.add(key);
+            }
+            commit(savepoint);
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            rollback(savepoint);
+            throw e;
+        }
+        return identities;
+    }
+
+    public <T> void updateAll(List<T> list) {
+        if (list.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Savepoint savepoint = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
+            TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+            savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
+            for (T t : list) {
+                def.update(this, t);
+            }
+            commit(savepoint);
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            rollback(savepoint);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public <T> void deleteAll(List<T> list) {
+        if (list.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Savepoint savepoint = null;
+        try {
+            Class<?> clazz = list.get(0).getClass();
+            TableDefinition<?> def = define(clazz).createIfRequired(this);
+            savepoint = prepareSavepoint();
+            for (T t : list) {
+                def.delete(this, t);
+            }
+            commit(savepoint);
+        } catch (IciqlException e) {
+            rollback(savepoint);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PreparedStatement prepare(String sql, boolean returnGeneratedKeys) {
+        IciqlException.checkUnmappedField(sql);
+        try {
+            if (returnGeneratedKeys) {
+                return conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
+            }
+            return conn.prepareStatement(sql);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw IciqlException.fromSQL(sql, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Savepoint prepareSavepoint() {
+        // don't change auto-commit mode.
+        // don't create save point.
+        if (!autoSavePoint || !dialect.supportsSavePoints()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        // create a savepoint
+        Savepoint savepoint = null;
+        try {
+            conn.setAutoCommit(false);
+            savepoint = conn.setSavepoint();
+        } catch (SQLFeatureNotSupportedException e) {
+            // jdbc driver does not support save points
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e, "Could not create save point");
+        }
+        return savepoint;
+    }
+
+    void commit(Savepoint savepoint) {
+        if (savepoint != null) {
+            try {
+                conn.commit();
+                conn.setAutoCommit(true);
+            } catch (SQLException e) {
+                throw new IciqlException(e, "Failed to commit pending transactions");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void rollback(Savepoint savepoint) {
+        if (savepoint != null) {
+            try {
+                conn.rollback(savepoint);
+                conn.setAutoCommit(true);
+            } catch (SQLException s) {
+                throw new IciqlException(s, "Failed to rollback transactions");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    <T> TableDefinition<T> getTableDefinition(Class<T> clazz) {
+        return (TableDefinition<T>) classMap.get(clazz);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run a SQL query directly against the database.
+     * <p>
+     * Be sure to close the ResultSet with
+     * <p>
+     * <pre>
+     * JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param sql  the SQL statement
+     * @param args optional object arguments for x=? tokens in query
+     * @return the result set
+     */
+    public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, List<?> args) {
+        return executeQuery(sql, args.toArray());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run a SQL query directly against the database.
+     * <p>
+     * Be sure to close the ResultSet with
+     * <p>
+     * <pre>
+     * JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
+     * </pre>
+     *
+     * @param sql  the SQL statement
+     * @param args optional object arguments for x=? tokens in query
+     * @return the result set
+     */
+    public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object... args) {
+        try {
+            if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
+                return conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql);
+            } else {
+                PreparedStatement stat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
+                int i = 1;
+                for (Object arg : args) {
+                    stat.setObject(i++, arg);
+                }
+                return stat.executeQuery();
+            }
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run a SQL query directly against the database and map the results to the
+     * model class.
+     *
+     * @param modelClass the model class to bind the query ResultSet rows into.
+     * @param sql        the SQL statement
+     * @return the result set
+     */
+    public <T> List<T> executeQuery(Class<? extends T> modelClass, String sql, List<?> args) {
+        return executeQuery(modelClass, sql, args.toArray());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run a SQL query directly against the database and map the results to the
+     * model class.
+     *
+     * @param modelClass the model class to bind the query ResultSet rows into.
+     * @param sql        the SQL statement
+     * @return the result set
+     */
+    public <T> List<T> executeQuery(Class<? extends T> modelClass, String sql, Object... args) {
+        ResultSet rs = null;
+        try {
+            if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
+                rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(sql);
+            } else {
+                PreparedStatement stat = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
+                int i = 1;
+                for (Object arg : args) {
+                    stat.setObject(i++, arg);
+                }
+                rs = stat.executeQuery();
+            }
+            boolean wildcardSelect = sql.toLowerCase().matches("select .*\\*.+");
+            return buildObjects(modelClass, wildcardSelect, rs);
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        } finally {
+            JdbcUtils.closeSilently(rs, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run a SQL statement directly against the database.
+     *
+     * @param sql the SQL statement
+     * @return the update count
+     */
+    public int executeUpdate(String sql, Object... args) {
+        Statement stat = null;
+        try {
+            int updateCount;
+            if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
+                stat = conn.createStatement();
+                updateCount = stat.executeUpdate(sql);
+            } else {
+                PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
+                int i = 1;
+                for (Object arg : args) {
+                    ps.setObject(i++, arg);
+                }
+                updateCount = ps.executeUpdate();
+                stat = ps;
+            }
+            return updateCount;
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            throw new IciqlException(e);
+        } finally {
+            JdbcUtils.closeSilently(stat);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allow to enable/disable globally createIfRequired in TableDefinition.
+     * For advanced user wanting to gain full control of transactions.
+     * Default value is false.
+     *
+     * @param skipCreate
+     */
+    public void setSkipCreate(boolean skipCreate) {
+        this.skipCreate = skipCreate;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getSkipCreate() {
+        return this.skipCreate;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allow to enable/disable usage of save point.
+     * For advanced user wanting to gain full control of transactions.
+     * Default value is false.
+     *
+     * @param autoSavePoint
+     */
+    public void setAutoSavePoint(boolean autoSavePoint) {
+        this.autoSavePoint = autoSavePoint;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getAutoSavePoint() {
+        return this.autoSavePoint;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Default DAO statement provider.
+     */
+    class NoExternalDaoStatements implements DaoStatementProvider {
+
+        @Override
+        public String getStatement(String idOrStatement, Mode mode) {
+            return idOrStatement;
+        }
+
+    }
 }