PEP-517 has resulted in some updates to the Python
build process. As a result, a new directory called
pip-wheel-metadata is created on fresh builds.
This PR adds this directory into the Python default
gitignore. See
e5f4bbb7dd/src/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py (L568)

See https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/python-policy/ch-module_packages.html

tl;dr Debian Policy requires wheels to be installed here and thus issuing
python3 -m venv .
on a Debian-like system creates this directory

Pyre is a new type-checker for Python developed by facebook in May 2018.
https://pyre-check.org/

It makes .pyre directory for storing result or cache for type checking.
This directory is environment dependent. So it should be ignored from Git.

See: https://github.com/theacodes/nox

My preference is for files to have a terminal newline, however that
doesn't seem to be how this repo is doing things.

Older versions of dmypy used 'dmypy.json' without the initial '.'.
This should be added to Python.gitignore for those using older versions
of MyPy.

MyPy includes a daemon server that creates a file named .dmypy.json to
manage socket connection data.

Both are neither python-specific nor django-specific:
- .static_storage
- .media

Terrarium backs up old virtual environments by moving them to this dir.

add MANIFEST which is GENERATED by distutils

Reasons for making this change:

if you use distutils.core to setup, the file MANIFEST is generated by distutils when run 'python setup.py sdist'

Some of these names relate to specific tools, others could be used by multiple tools. In particular, virtualenv, the most popular tool for creating Python environments, does not mandate any of these and venv/ or .venv are simply conventional. It is more readable to group all of these together.

[mkdocs](http://www.mkdocs.org/) is rising as an alternative to Sphinx for project's documentation. The default build command puts the generated documentation in a `site` directory at the root of the project which should be ignored.

Looks like Spyder 3.1 uses .spyproject folder to store workspace config

Ignore Sage's parsed files (*.sage.py) that are left after running a .Sage program.

As eggs/ directory, wheels directory may contain compiled wheels.

If anyone uses the ROPE refactoring library this is certainly necessary.

Contains private configuration. Equivalent to Django's local_settings.py.

https://github.com/DRMacIver/hypothesis
https://hypothesis.readthedocs.org

Added missing wildcard to the `*,cover` coverage annotation.

Coverage creates annotation files by appending ",cover" (with a comma, not a period) to the filename.

When using `coverage -p` to get coverage for test runs in several environments coverage creates files on the form .coverage.hostname.timestamp.